Effect of Ce-Mg-Si （light RE） and Y-Mg-Si （heavy RE） nodulizers on the microstructures and mechanical properties of heavy section ductile iron was investigated to develop the material of spent-nuclear-fuel contain...Effect of Ce-Mg-Si （light RE） and Y-Mg-Si （heavy RE） nodulizers on the microstructures and mechanical properties of heavy section ductile iron was investigated to develop the material of spent-nuclear-fuel containers. Two as-casts were treated by the same quality percentage of light RE and heavy RE, respectively. Four positions were chosen to stand for different solidification cool-ing rates of specimens. The tensile strength, elongation and impact toughness of specimens treated by heavy RE were all higher than those of the specimens treated by light RE. With the decrease of cooling rate, the mechanical properties of two specimens decreased, and the fracture morphology changed from ductile fracture to brittle fracture. The improving effect of mechanical properties between heavy RE and light RE was obvious due to the better anti-degradation property of heavy RE. While the solidification process lasted for more than 250 min, the improving effect was not obvious due to serious spheroidalization decaying.展开更多
Pulmonary nodules represent an early manifestation of lung cancer.However,pulmonary nodules only constitute a small portion of the overall image,posing challenges for physicians in image interpretation and potentially...Pulmonary nodules represent an early manifestation of lung cancer.However,pulmonary nodules only constitute a small portion of the overall image,posing challenges for physicians in image interpretation and potentially leading to false positives or missed detections.To solve these problems,the YOLOv8 network is enhanced by adding deformable convolution and atrous spatial pyramid pooling(ASPP),along with the integration of a coordinate attention(CA)mechanism.This allows the network to focus on small targets while expanding the receptive field without losing resolution.At the same time,context information on the target is gathered and feature expression is enhanced by attention modules in different directions.It effectively improves the positioning accuracy and achieves good results on the LUNA16 dataset.Compared with other detection algorithms,it improves the accuracy of pulmonary nodule detection to a certain extent.展开更多
BACKGROUND The liver is the most common site of digestive system tumor metastasis,but not all liver metastases can be traced back to the primary lesions.Although it is unusual,syphilis can impact the liver,manifesting...BACKGROUND The liver is the most common site of digestive system tumor metastasis,but not all liver metastases can be traced back to the primary lesions.Although it is unusual,syphilis can impact the liver,manifesting as syphilitic hepatitis with inflammatory nodules,which might be misdiagnosed as metastasis.CASE SUMMARY This case report involves a 46-year-old female who developed right upper abdominal pain and intermittent low fever that persisted for more than three months.No definitive diagnosis of a tumor had been made in the past decades,but signs of multiple liver metastases were recognized after a computed tomo-graphy scan without evidence of primary lesions.With positive serological tests for syphilis and a biopsy of the liver nodules,a diagnosis of hepatic syphilis was made and confirmed with follow-up nodule reduction after anti-syphilis therapy.CONCLUSION Clinicians must be aware of the possibility that syphilis can cause hepatic inflam-matory masses,especially when liver metastasis is suspected without evidence of primary lesions.A definitive diagnosis should be established in conjunction with a review of the patient’s medical history for accurate therapeutic intervention.展开更多
Thyroid nodules,a common disorder in the endocrine system,require accurate segmentation in ultrasound images for effective diagnosis and treatment.However,achieving precise segmentation remains a challenge due to vari...Thyroid nodules,a common disorder in the endocrine system,require accurate segmentation in ultrasound images for effective diagnosis and treatment.However,achieving precise segmentation remains a challenge due to various factors,including scattering noise,low contrast,and limited resolution in ultrasound images.Although existing segmentation models have made progress,they still suffer from several limitations,such as high error rates,low generalizability,overfitting,limited feature learning capability,etc.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a Multi-level Relation Transformer-based U-Net(MLRT-UNet)to improve thyroid nodule segmentation.The MLRTUNet leverages a novel Relation Transformer,which processes images at multiple scales,overcoming the limitations of traditional encoding methods.This transformer integrates both local and global features effectively through selfattention and cross-attention units,capturing intricate relationships within the data.The approach also introduces a Co-operative Transformer Fusion(CTF)module to combine multi-scale features from different encoding layers,enhancing the model’s ability to capture complex patterns in the data.Furthermore,the Relation Transformer block enhances long-distance dependencies during the decoding process,improving segmentation accuracy.Experimental results showthat the MLRT-UNet achieves high segmentation accuracy,reaching 98.2% on the Digital Database Thyroid Image(DDT)dataset,97.8% on the Thyroid Nodule 3493(TG3K)dataset,and 98.2% on the Thyroid Nodule3K(TN3K)dataset.These findings demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances the accuracy of thyroid nodule segmentation,addressing the limitations of existing models.展开更多
BACKGROUND Several trace minerals have been shown to be associated with thyroid cancer.Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)is deemed the most mineral-rich country globally.Data on the characteristics of thyroid nodules i...BACKGROUND Several trace minerals have been shown to be associated with thyroid cancer.Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)is deemed the most mineral-rich country globally.Data on the characteristics of thyroid nodules in various mineral-rich regions of the DRC is scarce.AIM To analyze the differential spectrum of thyroid nodules based on locoregional variance in mineral density.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on 529 patients with thyroid nodules residing in Katanga,South Kivu and Kinshasa between 2005 and 2019.Of these three provinces,Katanga and South Kivu have the highest mineral density with the DRC.RESULTS Mean patient age was 44.2 years±14.6 years with a female predominance,with a female to male ratio of 5.4.The 66.5%of patients had a family history of thyroid disease.Total 74 patients had simple nodules,and the remaining 455 patients had multiple nodules.The 87.7%of patients were euthyroid.The nodules exhibited varying characteristics namely hypoechogenicity(84.5%),solid echostructure(72.2%),macronodular appearance(59.8%),calcifications(14.4%)and associated lymphadenopathy(15.5%).The 22.3%of the nodules were malignant.Factors independently associated with malignancy were older age(≥60 years)[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=2.81],Katanga province(aOR=8.19),solid echostructure(aOR=7.69),hypoechogenicity(aOR=14.19),macronodular appearance(aOR=9.13),calcifications(aOR=2.6)and presence of lymphadenopathy(aOR=6.94).CONCLUSION Thyroid nodules emanating from the mineral-laden province of Katanga were more likely to be malignant.Early and accurate risk-stratification of patients with thyroid nodules residing in high-risk areas could be instrumental in optimizing survival in these patients.展开更多
To explore the geochemical characteristics and genesis of the elements in ferromanganese nodules from the Northwest Pacific,this study analyses the mineral composition,elemental content,occurrence phase and genetic me...To explore the geochemical characteristics and genesis of the elements in ferromanganese nodules from the Northwest Pacific,this study analyses the mineral composition,elemental content,occurrence phase and genetic mechanisms of samples by X-ray diffraction(XRD),inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES),inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and phase analysis methods.The results show that ferromanganese nodules are mainly hydrogenetic,and Mn/Fe content ratio ranges from 0.95 to 2.05.The major minerals are vernadite(δ-MnO_(2))and amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide(FeOOH),and the secondary minerals include todorokite,birnessite,quartz and plagioclase.Ferromanganese nodules contain high contents of Co(0.24%-0.42%),Cu(0.23%-0.73%),Ni(0.33%-0.86%)and rare earth elements(REEs,1192-1990μg/g),which have positive Ce and negative Y anomalies but no Eu anomaly.A cluster analysis suggests that the elements in ferromanganese nodules can be divided into three groups:hydrogenetic components,including Fe,Ti,Zr,P,Pb,Co,Ba,Sr,V and REEs;diagenetic components,including Mn,Ni,Mg,Zn and Cu;and detrital components,including Al,Na,K and Ca.According to chemical leaching,ferromanganese nodules can be divided into four phases:Na,Ca,Mg and Sr are mainly enriched in the carbonate phase;Mn,Co,Ni and Ba are mainly enriched in the Mn-oxide phase;Fe,P,Ti,Cu,Pb,V,Zn,Zr and REEs are mainly enriched in the Fe-oxide phase;and Al and K are mainly enriched in the residual phase.A combination of the two different methods reveal selective enrichment of metal elements from seawater by ferromanganese nodules,featuring multisource mineralization.Moreover,through ion exchange and adsorption,approximately 71.2%of REEs are enriched in the Fe-oxide phase,15.4%in the Mn-oxide phase and 12.4%in the residual phase,while REE contents in the carbonate phase are relatively low.In addition,under the oxic conditions of seawater,the oxidation of soluble Ce^(3+)to insoluble CeO_(2)together with Fe-Mn minerals results in Ce enrichment in ferromanganese nodules.This study provides a reference for the metallogenesis of ferromanganese nodules from the Northwest Pacific.展开更多
Legumes,such as peas,beans,and alfalfa,have evolved a remarkable ability to establish root nodule symbioses with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria to fulfill their nitrogen needs.This partnership is characterized by a hig...Legumes,such as peas,beans,and alfalfa,have evolved a remarkable ability to establish root nodule symbioses with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria to fulfill their nitrogen needs.This partnership is characterized by a high degree of specificity,occurring both within and between host and bacterial species.Consequently,nodulation capacity and nitrogen-fixing efficiency vary significantly among different plant–bacteria pairs.The genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating symbiotic specificity are diverse,involving a wide array of host and bacterial genes and signals with various modes of action.Understanding the genetic basis of symbiotic specificity could enable the development of strategies to enhance nodulation capacity and nitrogen fixation efficiency.This knowledge will also help overcome the host range barrier,which is a critical step toward extending root nodule symbiosis to non-leguminous plants.In this review,we provide an update on our current understanding of the genetics and evolution of recognition specificity in root nodule symbioses,providing more comprehensive insights into the molecular signaling in plant–bacterial interactions.展开更多
Objective: To assess the predictors of successful inactivation of benign thyroid nodules using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and the hormonal responses thereafter. Methods: A retrospective study conducted at Zhongnan ...Objective: To assess the predictors of successful inactivation of benign thyroid nodules using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and the hormonal responses thereafter. Methods: A retrospective study conducted at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (January 2022 to January 2024) analysed thyroid tumor characteristics using B-mode ultrasound, colour Doppler imaging, and CEUS post-RFA. Thyroid hormone levels were also assessed before RFA and at 1, 3, and 6 months after the procedure. Results: The study involved 72 patients with benign thyroid nodules, comprising 13 males and 59 females, with a mean age of 45.8 ± 12.1 years. Complete inactivation was achieved in 70.8% of nodules, while 29.2% showed partial inactivation. Nodules with complete inactivation exhibited more calcification (p = 0.040), whereas those with partial inactivation demonstrated higher vascularity (p Conclusion: In conclusion, this study found that therapeutic RFA effectively achieves high rates of complete inactivation in benign thyroid nodules, with the degree of inactivation mainly influenced by nodule vascularity and calcifications.展开更多
Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by Aspergillus flavus in soil,leading to serious economic losses.Previously,our research team developed the Aspergillus-Rihizobia coupli...Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by Aspergillus flavus in soil,leading to serious economic losses.Previously,our research team developed the Aspergillus-Rihizobia coupling(ARC)microbial inoculants and found it can reduce A.flavus abundance in the soil and promote efficient nodulation in peanuts.However,the impact of ARC microbial inoculants on different resistant varieties of A.flavus remains unclear.In this study,we screened peanut varieties that were resistant and susceptible to A.flavus and evaluated their nodulation ability and growth performance after ARC microbial inoculants treatment in the field.The results demonstrated that the nodule number and nitrogenase activity of both varieties significantly increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with the highly susceptible variety AH24 showing a greater increase.For photosynthetic parameters,both varieties also increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,but the increase was greater in the moderately resistant variety AH1 than in the highly susceptible variety AH24.Finally,we found that the yield and yield-related traits of the moderately resistant variety AH1 were better than those of the highly susceptible variety AH24.After ARC microbial inoculants treatment,the yield traits of both peanut varieties still increased significantly,but the degree of increase of the moderately resistant variety AH1 was smaller than that of the highly susceptible variety AH24.In addition,the abundance of A.flavus in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties significantly decreased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with no significant difference between the varieties.These results indicated that ARC microbial inoculants exert differential effects on the nodulation and growth of different resistant peanut varieties and have a better effect on highly susceptible varieties.These results provide a solid theoretical basis for the efficient use of ARC microbial inoculants in the field of peanuts in the future.展开更多
Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical ...Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical management.Clinicians can judiciously select patients for fine-needle aspiration,understand the cytology results and subsequent follow-up,and determine surveillance stra-tegies for non-operated nodules.The challenge in selecting thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration is to avoid the diagnosis of small,clinically insignificant cancers without missing more severe diseases.The molecular characteristics of thyroid nodules are critical for their diagnosis and treatment.However,iden-tifying these characteristics is costly and challenging because of unexpected technical difficulties.An imaging association model based on molecular features will bridge the essential link between molecular characteristics and the computed tomography radiomics,then improve diagnostic efficiency,reducing invasive examinations.展开更多
Accurate classification of pulmonary nodules is critical for early diagnosis of lung cancer. However, non-invasive and accurate diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules faces great challenges. In this study...Accurate classification of pulmonary nodules is critical for early diagnosis of lung cancer. However, non-invasive and accurate diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules faces great challenges. In this study, we develop a nano zero-valent iron(nZVI)-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(LDI MS) platform, which enables ultra-high-throughput acquisition of abundant metabolic fingerprint information of serum in negative ion mode. We further recruit a large-scale multicenter prospective cohort and collect 1099 serum samples from participants with benign and malignant nodules. The accurate machine learning models are built and validated based on n ZVI-assisted LDI MS metabolomics to achieve efficient classification of benign and malignant nodules. Using our established stacking ensemble learning model, the AUC of the ROC curve for benign and malignant lung nodule classification can be as high as 0.9, and the sensitivity can reach 85.5%, which is significantly better than existing clinical models. This work provides an integrated workflow from detection technology to diagnostic models for biomarkerbased pulmonary nodule diagnosis, which would be widely used in rapid and large-scale screening of pulmonary nodules.展开更多
The advent of genome editing technologies,particularly CRISPR/Cas9,has significantly advanced the generation of legume mutants for reverse genetic studies and understanding the mechanics of the rhizobial symbiosis.The...The advent of genome editing technologies,particularly CRISPR/Cas9,has significantly advanced the generation of legume mutants for reverse genetic studies and understanding the mechanics of the rhizobial symbiosis.The legume–rhizobia symbiosis is crucial for sustainable agriculture,enhancing nitrogen fixation and improving soil fertility.Numerous genes with a symbiosis-specific expression have been identified,sometimes exclusively expressed in cells forming infection threads or in nitrogen-fixing nodule cells.Typically,mutations in these genes do not affect plant growth.However,in some instances,germline homozygous mutations can be lethal or result in complex pleiotropic phenotypes that are challenging to interpret.To address this issue,a rhizobia-inducible and cell-type-specific CRISPR/Cas9 strategy was developed to knock-out genes in specific legume transgenic root tissues.In this review,we discuss recent advancements in legume genome editing,highlighting the cell-type-specific CRISPR system and its crucial applications in symbiotic nitrogen fixation and beyond.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors(PHNETs)are extremely rare tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells.Due to lack of neuroendocrine symptoms and specific radiographic characteristics,PHNETs are chall...BACKGROUND Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors(PHNETs)are extremely rare tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells.Due to lack of neuroendocrine symptoms and specific radiographic characteristics,PHNETs are challenging to differentiate from other liver tumors.CASE SUMMARY This case involved a 67-year-old male who was admitted with a discovered hepatic mass and a suspicious lung lesion.Primary hepatic carcinoma was initially speculated based on the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings.The patient underwent a laparoscopic right partial hepatectomy,and subsequent immunohistochemical examination revealed a HNET.To exclude other potential origins,a positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan and gastrointestinal endoscopy were performed,leading to a final diagnosis of PHNETs.Then we conducted a literature review using the PubMed database,identifying 99 articles and 317 cases related to PHNETs.The characteristics,diagnostic methods,and treatment of PHNETs have been described.Finally,we elaborate on the presumed origins,pathological grades,clinical features,diagnosed methods,and treatments associated with PHNETs.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of PHNETs was primarily an exclusionary process.A definitive diagnosis of PHNETs relied mainly on immunohistochemical markers(chromogranin A,synaptophysin,and cluster of differentiation 56)and exclusion of primary foci in other organs.Radical surgery was the preferred treatment for early-stage tumors.展开更多
Polymetallic nodules,hereinafter referred to as PN,enriched with Co,Ni,Mn,and Cu,are likely to be commercially mined in the near future.These metals in PN are potential strategic alternatives for the world’s energy t...Polymetallic nodules,hereinafter referred to as PN,enriched with Co,Ni,Mn,and Cu,are likely to be commercially mined in the near future.These metals in PN are potential strategic alternatives for the world’s energy transition.Therefore,intensive studies are necessary on the spatial distribution patterns of PN in the deep sea.In this study,the distribution probabilities of PN in the Pacific,Indian and Atlantic oceans were estimated based on binary logistic regression of PN occurrence with ore-controlling factors including water depth(WD),marine sediment thickness(SedTh),Calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))concentrations in surface sediments,primary productivity(PP),near bottom current velocities(BC).Furthermore,the distribution probability of PN was constrained by seafloor ages and PN sites,and subsequently,the prospects for nodules in the Pacific,Indian and Atlantic oceans were obtained.The results indicate that the low-latitude Pacific region(30°N-30°S),particularly the Clarion-Clipperton Zone and the Penrhyn Basin,is the most promising area for PN exploration.展开更多
Objective:To explore a simple method for improving the diagnostic accuracy of malignant lung nodules based on imaging features of lung nodules.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 114 ...Objective:To explore a simple method for improving the diagnostic accuracy of malignant lung nodules based on imaging features of lung nodules.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 114 patients who underwent lung nodule surgery in the Thoracic Surgery Department of the First People’s Hospital of Huzhou from June to September 2024.Imaging features of lung nodules were summarized and trained using a BP neural network.Results:Training with the BP neural network increased the diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing between benign and malignant lung nodules based on imaging features from 84.2%(manual assessment)to 94.1%.Conclusion:Training with the BP neural network significantly improves the diagnostic accuracy of lung nodule malignancy based solely on imaging features.展开更多
BACKGROUND Accurate preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules is critical for optimal patient management.However,conventional imaging modalities present inherent diagnostic limitations.AIM T...BACKGROUND Accurate preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules is critical for optimal patient management.However,conventional imaging modalities present inherent diagnostic limitations.AIM To develop a non-contrast computed tomography-based machine learning model integrating radiomics and clinical features for preoperative thyroid nodule classification.METHODS This multicenter retrospective study enrolled 272 patients with thyroid nodules(376 thyroid lobes)from center A(May 2021-April 2024),using histopathological findings as the reference standard.The dataset was stratified into a training cohort(264 lobes)and an internal validation cohort(112 lobes).Additional prospective temporal(97 lobes,May-August 2024,center A)and external multicenter(81 lobes,center B)test cohorts were incorporated to enhance generalizability.Thyroid lobes were segmented along the isthmus midline,with segmentation reliability confirmed by an intraclass correlation coefficient(≥0.80).Radiomics feature extraction was performed using Pearson correlation analysis followed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression with 10-fold cross-validation.Seven machine learning algorithms were systematically evaluated,with model performance quantified through the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),Brier score,decision curve analysis,and DeLong test for comparison with radiologists interpretations.Model interpretability was elucidated using SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP).RESULTS The extreme gradient boosting model demonstrated robust diagnostic performance across all datasets,achieving AUCs of 0.899[95%confidence interval(CI):0.845-0.932]in the training cohort,0.803(95%CI:0.715-0.890)in internal validation,0.855(95%CI:0.775-0.935)in temporal testing,and 0.802(95%CI:0.664-0.939)in external testing.These results were significantly superior to radiologists assessments(AUCs:0.596,0.529,0.558,and 0.538,respectively;P<0.001 by DeLong test).SHAP analysis identified radiomic score,age,tumor size stratification,calcification status,and cystic components as key predictive features.The model exhibited excellent calibration(Brier scores:0.125-0.144)and provided significant clinical net benefit at decision thresholds exceeding 20%,as evidenced by decision curve analysis.CONCLUSION The non-contrast computed tomography-based radiomics-clinical fusion model enables robust preoperative thyroid nodule classification,with SHAP-driven interpretability enhancing its clinical applicability for personalized decision-making.展开更多
BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules(TN)are increasingly diagnosed worldwide;investigating the association between TN and colon polyps could be helpful in early detection and management.To our knowledge no meta-analysis has ass...BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules(TN)are increasingly diagnosed worldwide;investigating the association between TN and colon polyps could be helpful in early detection and management.To our knowledge no meta-analysis has assessed the relationship between TN and adenomatous colonic polyps.AIM To assess the association between adenomatous colonic polyps,thyroid-stimulating hormone,and TN.METHODS We searched PubMed,MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,and the first 100 articles in Google for articles published in English from inception until April 2025.We included prospective cohorts,retrospective studies,case-control studies,and cross-sectional studies.The keywords thyroid nodules,adenomatous colon polyps,thyroid volume,metabolic syndrome,insulin resistance,and thyroid malignancy were used.RESULTS Out of 237 articles,25 full texts were reviewed,and 5 full texts were included in the final meta-analysis.No relationship was found between TN,colonic polyps,and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels[odd ratio(OR):1.78,95%confidence interval(CI):0.55-5.74,P=0.33].Colonic polyps were more common among patients with TN when addressing heterogeneity(OR:0.42,95%CI:0.30-0.52,P<0.001 and OR:0.08,95%CI:0.70-0.86,P=0.85).CONCLUSION TN were similar among patients with and without adenomatous colonic polyps.However,TN was more common among colon polyps when addressing the heterogeneity.Thyroid-stimulating hormone was not different between those with and without TN.Age,sex,adiposity,and smoking effects might explain the higher rate observed by the included studies.Further studies controlling for the same are needed.展开更多
Bean(Phaseolus vulgaris)is a globally important legume crop valued for its nutritional content and adaptability.Establishing a robust root system during early growth is critical for optimal nutrient uptake,shoot devel...Bean(Phaseolus vulgaris)is a globally important legume crop valued for its nutritional content and adaptability.Establishing a robust root system during early growth is critical for optimal nutrient uptake,shoot development,and increased resistance to biotic stress.This study evaluated the effects of exogenous indole-3-butyric acid(IBA)on root and shoot development in two bean cultivars,Onceler-98 and Topcu,during the seedling stage.IBA was applied at four concentrations:0(control),50,100,and 150μM.Morphological parameters measured included root length(RL),root fresh weight(RFW),root dry weight(RDW),root nodule number(RNN),shoot length(SL),shoot fresh weight(SFW),and shoot dry weight(SDW).The experiment followed a randomized complete block design with four replications.Significant(p≤0.05)and highly significant(p≤0.01)differences were observed across treatments and cultivars.The results indicated that Onceler-98 generally responded more favorably to IBA application,with optimal growth performance observed at 100μM.In contrast,Topcu was less responsive to IBA overall,and high concentrations-particularly 150μM-tended to suppress nodule formation.展开更多
This study aims to compare the clinical value of a general large language model(DeepSeek GPT)and a disease-specific optimized model(BAIMGPT)in pulmonary nodule consultation and management.Through a multicenter real-wo...This study aims to compare the clinical value of a general large language model(DeepSeek GPT)and a disease-specific optimized model(BAIMGPT)in pulmonary nodule consultation and management.Through a multicenter real-world study,1,000 patients with pulmonary nodules from 12 hospitals will be recruited for a randomized self-controlled trial evaluating the performance of the two models across eight dimensions:convenience,friendliness,sense of security,accuracy in question comprehension,response professionalism,voice interaction,visual empowerment,and demand level.The core methodologies include dual user evaluation,third-party blinded review,and endpoint assessment.The study was expected to validate BAIMGPT’s advantages in improving screening awareness,personalized management,and physician-patient trust,providing evidence-based support for AI-powered early lung cancer screening.The protocol has passed ethical review,with anonymized data processing ensuring both innovation and safety.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the application of experience-based and Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)radiomics in differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and masses.Methods:Sixty patients with pulmonary nodu...Objective:To investigate the application of experience-based and Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)radiomics in differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and masses.Methods:Sixty patients with pulmonary nodules or masses admitted from April 2024 to April 2025 were selected as study subjects.Surgical pathology was used as the gold standard to explore the differential diagnostic value of experience-based and MRI radiomics.Results:Twenty one MRI radiomic features were selected for screening,with 14 features removed and 7 remaining for normality testing.Using surgical pathology as the gold standard,among the 60 patients,36 were benign and 24 were malignant,with detection rates of 60.00%and 40.00%,respectively.The detection rates of lobulation,vascular convergence sign,and GGO components in benign pulmonary nodules/masses were lower than those in malignant ones(P<0.05).The radiomics formula was Radscore=Intercept+Weight(Feature)×Feature,with the calculated formula being Radscore=0.16-0.32×Sphericity+0.11×Mass.The AUC of the UTE Rad-score model was 0.672,which was lower than the AUC of the UTE nomogram(0.789)and the combined model(0.832)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Experience-based and MRI radiomics can play a significant role in differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and masses,with the combined model demonstrating more prominent diagnostic value.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51174068,51374086)
文摘Effect of Ce-Mg-Si （light RE） and Y-Mg-Si （heavy RE） nodulizers on the microstructures and mechanical properties of heavy section ductile iron was investigated to develop the material of spent-nuclear-fuel containers. Two as-casts were treated by the same quality percentage of light RE and heavy RE, respectively. Four positions were chosen to stand for different solidification cool-ing rates of specimens. The tensile strength, elongation and impact toughness of specimens treated by heavy RE were all higher than those of the specimens treated by light RE. With the decrease of cooling rate, the mechanical properties of two specimens decreased, and the fracture morphology changed from ductile fracture to brittle fracture. The improving effect of mechanical properties between heavy RE and light RE was obvious due to the better anti-degradation property of heavy RE. While the solidification process lasted for more than 250 min, the improving effect was not obvious due to serious spheroidalization decaying.
文摘Pulmonary nodules represent an early manifestation of lung cancer.However,pulmonary nodules only constitute a small portion of the overall image,posing challenges for physicians in image interpretation and potentially leading to false positives or missed detections.To solve these problems,the YOLOv8 network is enhanced by adding deformable convolution and atrous spatial pyramid pooling(ASPP),along with the integration of a coordinate attention(CA)mechanism.This allows the network to focus on small targets while expanding the receptive field without losing resolution.At the same time,context information on the target is gathered and feature expression is enhanced by attention modules in different directions.It effectively improves the positioning accuracy and achieves good results on the LUNA16 dataset.Compared with other detection algorithms,it improves the accuracy of pulmonary nodule detection to a certain extent.
文摘BACKGROUND The liver is the most common site of digestive system tumor metastasis,but not all liver metastases can be traced back to the primary lesions.Although it is unusual,syphilis can impact the liver,manifesting as syphilitic hepatitis with inflammatory nodules,which might be misdiagnosed as metastasis.CASE SUMMARY This case report involves a 46-year-old female who developed right upper abdominal pain and intermittent low fever that persisted for more than three months.No definitive diagnosis of a tumor had been made in the past decades,but signs of multiple liver metastases were recognized after a computed tomo-graphy scan without evidence of primary lesions.With positive serological tests for syphilis and a biopsy of the liver nodules,a diagnosis of hepatic syphilis was made and confirmed with follow-up nodule reduction after anti-syphilis therapy.CONCLUSION Clinicians must be aware of the possibility that syphilis can cause hepatic inflam-matory masses,especially when liver metastasis is suspected without evidence of primary lesions.A definitive diagnosis should be established in conjunction with a review of the patient’s medical history for accurate therapeutic intervention.
文摘Thyroid nodules,a common disorder in the endocrine system,require accurate segmentation in ultrasound images for effective diagnosis and treatment.However,achieving precise segmentation remains a challenge due to various factors,including scattering noise,low contrast,and limited resolution in ultrasound images.Although existing segmentation models have made progress,they still suffer from several limitations,such as high error rates,low generalizability,overfitting,limited feature learning capability,etc.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a Multi-level Relation Transformer-based U-Net(MLRT-UNet)to improve thyroid nodule segmentation.The MLRTUNet leverages a novel Relation Transformer,which processes images at multiple scales,overcoming the limitations of traditional encoding methods.This transformer integrates both local and global features effectively through selfattention and cross-attention units,capturing intricate relationships within the data.The approach also introduces a Co-operative Transformer Fusion(CTF)module to combine multi-scale features from different encoding layers,enhancing the model’s ability to capture complex patterns in the data.Furthermore,the Relation Transformer block enhances long-distance dependencies during the decoding process,improving segmentation accuracy.Experimental results showthat the MLRT-UNet achieves high segmentation accuracy,reaching 98.2% on the Digital Database Thyroid Image(DDT)dataset,97.8% on the Thyroid Nodule 3493(TG3K)dataset,and 98.2% on the Thyroid Nodule3K(TN3K)dataset.These findings demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances the accuracy of thyroid nodule segmentation,addressing the limitations of existing models.
文摘BACKGROUND Several trace minerals have been shown to be associated with thyroid cancer.Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC)is deemed the most mineral-rich country globally.Data on the characteristics of thyroid nodules in various mineral-rich regions of the DRC is scarce.AIM To analyze the differential spectrum of thyroid nodules based on locoregional variance in mineral density.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on 529 patients with thyroid nodules residing in Katanga,South Kivu and Kinshasa between 2005 and 2019.Of these three provinces,Katanga and South Kivu have the highest mineral density with the DRC.RESULTS Mean patient age was 44.2 years±14.6 years with a female predominance,with a female to male ratio of 5.4.The 66.5%of patients had a family history of thyroid disease.Total 74 patients had simple nodules,and the remaining 455 patients had multiple nodules.The 87.7%of patients were euthyroid.The nodules exhibited varying characteristics namely hypoechogenicity(84.5%),solid echostructure(72.2%),macronodular appearance(59.8%),calcifications(14.4%)and associated lymphadenopathy(15.5%).The 22.3%of the nodules were malignant.Factors independently associated with malignancy were older age(≥60 years)[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=2.81],Katanga province(aOR=8.19),solid echostructure(aOR=7.69),hypoechogenicity(aOR=14.19),macronodular appearance(aOR=9.13),calcifications(aOR=2.6)and presence of lymphadenopathy(aOR=6.94).CONCLUSION Thyroid nodules emanating from the mineral-laden province of Katanga were more likely to be malignant.Early and accurate risk-stratification of patients with thyroid nodules residing in high-risk areas could be instrumental in optimizing survival in these patients.
基金The Fund of Laoshan Laboratory under contract No.LSKJ202203602the National key R&D Program of China under contract No.2022YFC2803600the Taishan Scholarship from Shandong Province.
文摘To explore the geochemical characteristics and genesis of the elements in ferromanganese nodules from the Northwest Pacific,this study analyses the mineral composition,elemental content,occurrence phase and genetic mechanisms of samples by X-ray diffraction(XRD),inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES),inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and phase analysis methods.The results show that ferromanganese nodules are mainly hydrogenetic,and Mn/Fe content ratio ranges from 0.95 to 2.05.The major minerals are vernadite(δ-MnO_(2))and amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide(FeOOH),and the secondary minerals include todorokite,birnessite,quartz and plagioclase.Ferromanganese nodules contain high contents of Co(0.24%-0.42%),Cu(0.23%-0.73%),Ni(0.33%-0.86%)and rare earth elements(REEs,1192-1990μg/g),which have positive Ce and negative Y anomalies but no Eu anomaly.A cluster analysis suggests that the elements in ferromanganese nodules can be divided into three groups:hydrogenetic components,including Fe,Ti,Zr,P,Pb,Co,Ba,Sr,V and REEs;diagenetic components,including Mn,Ni,Mg,Zn and Cu;and detrital components,including Al,Na,K and Ca.According to chemical leaching,ferromanganese nodules can be divided into four phases:Na,Ca,Mg and Sr are mainly enriched in the carbonate phase;Mn,Co,Ni and Ba are mainly enriched in the Mn-oxide phase;Fe,P,Ti,Cu,Pb,V,Zn,Zr and REEs are mainly enriched in the Fe-oxide phase;and Al and K are mainly enriched in the residual phase.A combination of the two different methods reveal selective enrichment of metal elements from seawater by ferromanganese nodules,featuring multisource mineralization.Moreover,through ion exchange and adsorption,approximately 71.2%of REEs are enriched in the Fe-oxide phase,15.4%in the Mn-oxide phase and 12.4%in the residual phase,while REE contents in the carbonate phase are relatively low.In addition,under the oxic conditions of seawater,the oxidation of soluble Ce^(3+)to insoluble CeO_(2)together with Fe-Mn minerals results in Ce enrichment in ferromanganese nodules.This study provides a reference for the metallogenesis of ferromanganese nodules from the Northwest Pacific.
基金Research in the Hongyan Zhu group is supported by the US National Science Foundation Grant IOS-1758037.
文摘Legumes,such as peas,beans,and alfalfa,have evolved a remarkable ability to establish root nodule symbioses with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria to fulfill their nitrogen needs.This partnership is characterized by a high degree of specificity,occurring both within and between host and bacterial species.Consequently,nodulation capacity and nitrogen-fixing efficiency vary significantly among different plant–bacteria pairs.The genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating symbiotic specificity are diverse,involving a wide array of host and bacterial genes and signals with various modes of action.Understanding the genetic basis of symbiotic specificity could enable the development of strategies to enhance nodulation capacity and nitrogen fixation efficiency.This knowledge will also help overcome the host range barrier,which is a critical step toward extending root nodule symbiosis to non-leguminous plants.In this review,we provide an update on our current understanding of the genetics and evolution of recognition specificity in root nodule symbioses,providing more comprehensive insights into the molecular signaling in plant–bacterial interactions.
文摘Objective: To assess the predictors of successful inactivation of benign thyroid nodules using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and the hormonal responses thereafter. Methods: A retrospective study conducted at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (January 2022 to January 2024) analysed thyroid tumor characteristics using B-mode ultrasound, colour Doppler imaging, and CEUS post-RFA. Thyroid hormone levels were also assessed before RFA and at 1, 3, and 6 months after the procedure. Results: The study involved 72 patients with benign thyroid nodules, comprising 13 males and 59 females, with a mean age of 45.8 ± 12.1 years. Complete inactivation was achieved in 70.8% of nodules, while 29.2% showed partial inactivation. Nodules with complete inactivation exhibited more calcification (p = 0.040), whereas those with partial inactivation demonstrated higher vascularity (p Conclusion: In conclusion, this study found that therapeutic RFA effectively achieves high rates of complete inactivation in benign thyroid nodules, with the degree of inactivation mainly influenced by nodule vascularity and calcifications.
基金supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CAAS-ZDRW202416)the Foundation of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2021hszd015)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Major Projects of Hubei Province(2023BBA002)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Basi Research(2023020201010126)。
文摘Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by Aspergillus flavus in soil,leading to serious economic losses.Previously,our research team developed the Aspergillus-Rihizobia coupling(ARC)microbial inoculants and found it can reduce A.flavus abundance in the soil and promote efficient nodulation in peanuts.However,the impact of ARC microbial inoculants on different resistant varieties of A.flavus remains unclear.In this study,we screened peanut varieties that were resistant and susceptible to A.flavus and evaluated their nodulation ability and growth performance after ARC microbial inoculants treatment in the field.The results demonstrated that the nodule number and nitrogenase activity of both varieties significantly increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with the highly susceptible variety AH24 showing a greater increase.For photosynthetic parameters,both varieties also increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,but the increase was greater in the moderately resistant variety AH1 than in the highly susceptible variety AH24.Finally,we found that the yield and yield-related traits of the moderately resistant variety AH1 were better than those of the highly susceptible variety AH24.After ARC microbial inoculants treatment,the yield traits of both peanut varieties still increased significantly,but the degree of increase of the moderately resistant variety AH1 was smaller than that of the highly susceptible variety AH24.In addition,the abundance of A.flavus in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties significantly decreased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment,with no significant difference between the varieties.These results indicated that ARC microbial inoculants exert differential effects on the nodulation and growth of different resistant peanut varieties and have a better effect on highly susceptible varieties.These results provide a solid theoretical basis for the efficient use of ARC microbial inoculants in the field of peanuts in the future.
文摘Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical management.Clinicians can judiciously select patients for fine-needle aspiration,understand the cytology results and subsequent follow-up,and determine surveillance stra-tegies for non-operated nodules.The challenge in selecting thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration is to avoid the diagnosis of small,clinically insignificant cancers without missing more severe diseases.The molecular characteristics of thyroid nodules are critical for their diagnosis and treatment.However,iden-tifying these characteristics is costly and challenging because of unexpected technical difficulties.An imaging association model based on molecular features will bridge the essential link between molecular characteristics and the computed tomography radiomics,then improve diagnostic efficiency,reducing invasive examinations.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. WHU 2042024kf0009)National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFC2700700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22074111, 22004093)。
文摘Accurate classification of pulmonary nodules is critical for early diagnosis of lung cancer. However, non-invasive and accurate diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules faces great challenges. In this study, we develop a nano zero-valent iron(nZVI)-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(LDI MS) platform, which enables ultra-high-throughput acquisition of abundant metabolic fingerprint information of serum in negative ion mode. We further recruit a large-scale multicenter prospective cohort and collect 1099 serum samples from participants with benign and malignant nodules. The accurate machine learning models are built and validated based on n ZVI-assisted LDI MS metabolomics to achieve efficient classification of benign and malignant nodules. Using our established stacking ensemble learning model, the AUC of the ROC curve for benign and malignant lung nodule classification can be as high as 0.9, and the sensitivity can reach 85.5%, which is significantly better than existing clinical models. This work provides an integrated workflow from detection technology to diagnostic models for biomarkerbased pulmonary nodule diagnosis, which would be widely used in rapid and large-scale screening of pulmonary nodules.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32200208 to J-PG,and 32170250 to JDM)J-PG is supported by a grant to the University of Cambridge by the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation and the UK Foreign,Commonwealth and Development Office(OPP1028264)known as the Enabling Nutrient Symbioses in Agriculture(ENSA)projectYS is supported by the China Scholarship Council(202208310095).
文摘The advent of genome editing technologies,particularly CRISPR/Cas9,has significantly advanced the generation of legume mutants for reverse genetic studies and understanding the mechanics of the rhizobial symbiosis.The legume–rhizobia symbiosis is crucial for sustainable agriculture,enhancing nitrogen fixation and improving soil fertility.Numerous genes with a symbiosis-specific expression have been identified,sometimes exclusively expressed in cells forming infection threads or in nitrogen-fixing nodule cells.Typically,mutations in these genes do not affect plant growth.However,in some instances,germline homozygous mutations can be lethal or result in complex pleiotropic phenotypes that are challenging to interpret.To address this issue,a rhizobia-inducible and cell-type-specific CRISPR/Cas9 strategy was developed to knock-out genes in specific legume transgenic root tissues.In this review,we discuss recent advancements in legume genome editing,highlighting the cell-type-specific CRISPR system and its crucial applications in symbiotic nitrogen fixation and beyond.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors(PHNETs)are extremely rare tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells.Due to lack of neuroendocrine symptoms and specific radiographic characteristics,PHNETs are challenging to differentiate from other liver tumors.CASE SUMMARY This case involved a 67-year-old male who was admitted with a discovered hepatic mass and a suspicious lung lesion.Primary hepatic carcinoma was initially speculated based on the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings.The patient underwent a laparoscopic right partial hepatectomy,and subsequent immunohistochemical examination revealed a HNET.To exclude other potential origins,a positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan and gastrointestinal endoscopy were performed,leading to a final diagnosis of PHNETs.Then we conducted a literature review using the PubMed database,identifying 99 articles and 317 cases related to PHNETs.The characteristics,diagnostic methods,and treatment of PHNETs have been described.Finally,we elaborate on the presumed origins,pathological grades,clinical features,diagnosed methods,and treatments associated with PHNETs.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of PHNETs was primarily an exclusionary process.A definitive diagnosis of PHNETs relied mainly on immunohistochemical markers(chromogranin A,synaptophysin,and cluster of differentiation 56)and exclusion of primary foci in other organs.Radical surgery was the preferred treatment for early-stage tumors.
基金The Marine Science and Technology Fund of Shandong Province for Laoshan Laboratory under contract No.LSKJ202203600-2the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association(COMRA)project under contract No.DY135-N2-1-04.
文摘Polymetallic nodules,hereinafter referred to as PN,enriched with Co,Ni,Mn,and Cu,are likely to be commercially mined in the near future.These metals in PN are potential strategic alternatives for the world’s energy transition.Therefore,intensive studies are necessary on the spatial distribution patterns of PN in the deep sea.In this study,the distribution probabilities of PN in the Pacific,Indian and Atlantic oceans were estimated based on binary logistic regression of PN occurrence with ore-controlling factors including water depth(WD),marine sediment thickness(SedTh),Calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))concentrations in surface sediments,primary productivity(PP),near bottom current velocities(BC).Furthermore,the distribution probability of PN was constrained by seafloor ages and PN sites,and subsequently,the prospects for nodules in the Pacific,Indian and Atlantic oceans were obtained.The results indicate that the low-latitude Pacific region(30°N-30°S),particularly the Clarion-Clipperton Zone and the Penrhyn Basin,is the most promising area for PN exploration.
基金Zhejiang Medical and Health Technology Project(Project No.2020PY072)。
文摘Objective:To explore a simple method for improving the diagnostic accuracy of malignant lung nodules based on imaging features of lung nodules.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 114 patients who underwent lung nodule surgery in the Thoracic Surgery Department of the First People’s Hospital of Huzhou from June to September 2024.Imaging features of lung nodules were summarized and trained using a BP neural network.Results:Training with the BP neural network increased the diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing between benign and malignant lung nodules based on imaging features from 84.2%(manual assessment)to 94.1%.Conclusion:Training with the BP neural network significantly improves the diagnostic accuracy of lung nodule malignancy based solely on imaging features.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Nanjing Medical University,No.NMUB20230037the Youth Scientific Research Nurturing Fund of Jiangbei Campus of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated with Southeast University,No.JB2024Q01.
文摘BACKGROUND Accurate preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules is critical for optimal patient management.However,conventional imaging modalities present inherent diagnostic limitations.AIM To develop a non-contrast computed tomography-based machine learning model integrating radiomics and clinical features for preoperative thyroid nodule classification.METHODS This multicenter retrospective study enrolled 272 patients with thyroid nodules(376 thyroid lobes)from center A(May 2021-April 2024),using histopathological findings as the reference standard.The dataset was stratified into a training cohort(264 lobes)and an internal validation cohort(112 lobes).Additional prospective temporal(97 lobes,May-August 2024,center A)and external multicenter(81 lobes,center B)test cohorts were incorporated to enhance generalizability.Thyroid lobes were segmented along the isthmus midline,with segmentation reliability confirmed by an intraclass correlation coefficient(≥0.80).Radiomics feature extraction was performed using Pearson correlation analysis followed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression with 10-fold cross-validation.Seven machine learning algorithms were systematically evaluated,with model performance quantified through the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),Brier score,decision curve analysis,and DeLong test for comparison with radiologists interpretations.Model interpretability was elucidated using SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP).RESULTS The extreme gradient boosting model demonstrated robust diagnostic performance across all datasets,achieving AUCs of 0.899[95%confidence interval(CI):0.845-0.932]in the training cohort,0.803(95%CI:0.715-0.890)in internal validation,0.855(95%CI:0.775-0.935)in temporal testing,and 0.802(95%CI:0.664-0.939)in external testing.These results were significantly superior to radiologists assessments(AUCs:0.596,0.529,0.558,and 0.538,respectively;P<0.001 by DeLong test).SHAP analysis identified radiomic score,age,tumor size stratification,calcification status,and cystic components as key predictive features.The model exhibited excellent calibration(Brier scores:0.125-0.144)and provided significant clinical net benefit at decision thresholds exceeding 20%,as evidenced by decision curve analysis.CONCLUSION The non-contrast computed tomography-based radiomics-clinical fusion model enables robust preoperative thyroid nodule classification,with SHAP-driven interpretability enhancing its clinical applicability for personalized decision-making.
文摘BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules(TN)are increasingly diagnosed worldwide;investigating the association between TN and colon polyps could be helpful in early detection and management.To our knowledge no meta-analysis has assessed the relationship between TN and adenomatous colonic polyps.AIM To assess the association between adenomatous colonic polyps,thyroid-stimulating hormone,and TN.METHODS We searched PubMed,MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,EBSCO,and the first 100 articles in Google for articles published in English from inception until April 2025.We included prospective cohorts,retrospective studies,case-control studies,and cross-sectional studies.The keywords thyroid nodules,adenomatous colon polyps,thyroid volume,metabolic syndrome,insulin resistance,and thyroid malignancy were used.RESULTS Out of 237 articles,25 full texts were reviewed,and 5 full texts were included in the final meta-analysis.No relationship was found between TN,colonic polyps,and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels[odd ratio(OR):1.78,95%confidence interval(CI):0.55-5.74,P=0.33].Colonic polyps were more common among patients with TN when addressing heterogeneity(OR:0.42,95%CI:0.30-0.52,P<0.001 and OR:0.08,95%CI:0.70-0.86,P=0.85).CONCLUSION TN were similar among patients with and without adenomatous colonic polyps.However,TN was more common among colon polyps when addressing the heterogeneity.Thyroid-stimulating hormone was not different between those with and without TN.Age,sex,adiposity,and smoking effects might explain the higher rate observed by the included studies.Further studies controlling for the same are needed.
文摘Bean(Phaseolus vulgaris)is a globally important legume crop valued for its nutritional content and adaptability.Establishing a robust root system during early growth is critical for optimal nutrient uptake,shoot development,and increased resistance to biotic stress.This study evaluated the effects of exogenous indole-3-butyric acid(IBA)on root and shoot development in two bean cultivars,Onceler-98 and Topcu,during the seedling stage.IBA was applied at four concentrations:0(control),50,100,and 150μM.Morphological parameters measured included root length(RL),root fresh weight(RFW),root dry weight(RDW),root nodule number(RNN),shoot length(SL),shoot fresh weight(SFW),and shoot dry weight(SDW).The experiment followed a randomized complete block design with four replications.Significant(p≤0.05)and highly significant(p≤0.01)differences were observed across treatments and cultivars.The results indicated that Onceler-98 generally responded more favorably to IBA application,with optimal growth performance observed at 100μM.In contrast,Topcu was less responsive to IBA overall,and high concentrations-particularly 150μM-tended to suppress nodule formation.
文摘This study aims to compare the clinical value of a general large language model(DeepSeek GPT)and a disease-specific optimized model(BAIMGPT)in pulmonary nodule consultation and management.Through a multicenter real-world study,1,000 patients with pulmonary nodules from 12 hospitals will be recruited for a randomized self-controlled trial evaluating the performance of the two models across eight dimensions:convenience,friendliness,sense of security,accuracy in question comprehension,response professionalism,voice interaction,visual empowerment,and demand level.The core methodologies include dual user evaluation,third-party blinded review,and endpoint assessment.The study was expected to validate BAIMGPT’s advantages in improving screening awareness,personalized management,and physician-patient trust,providing evidence-based support for AI-powered early lung cancer screening.The protocol has passed ethical review,with anonymized data processing ensuring both innovation and safety.
文摘Objective:To investigate the application of experience-based and Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)radiomics in differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and masses.Methods:Sixty patients with pulmonary nodules or masses admitted from April 2024 to April 2025 were selected as study subjects.Surgical pathology was used as the gold standard to explore the differential diagnostic value of experience-based and MRI radiomics.Results:Twenty one MRI radiomic features were selected for screening,with 14 features removed and 7 remaining for normality testing.Using surgical pathology as the gold standard,among the 60 patients,36 were benign and 24 were malignant,with detection rates of 60.00%and 40.00%,respectively.The detection rates of lobulation,vascular convergence sign,and GGO components in benign pulmonary nodules/masses were lower than those in malignant ones(P<0.05).The radiomics formula was Radscore=Intercept+Weight(Feature)×Feature,with the calculated formula being Radscore=0.16-0.32×Sphericity+0.11×Mass.The AUC of the UTE Rad-score model was 0.672,which was lower than the AUC of the UTE nomogram(0.789)and the combined model(0.832)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Experience-based and MRI radiomics can play a significant role in differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and masses,with the combined model demonstrating more prominent diagnostic value.
