经济空间分布数据是进行灾害损失评估的重要指标之一。青藏高原地区经济相对落后,地质灾害频发,研究该地区灾害对经济造成的影响意义重大。本研究基于分区分产业模拟的方法,将第一产业增加值(GDP of Primary Industry,GDP1)与土地利用...经济空间分布数据是进行灾害损失评估的重要指标之一。青藏高原地区经济相对落后,地质灾害频发,研究该地区灾害对经济造成的影响意义重大。本研究基于分区分产业模拟的方法,将第一产业增加值(GDP of Primary Industry,GDP1)与土地利用类型、数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)、村落点、道路、河流缓冲区建立对应关系,第二三产业增加值(GDP of Secondary and Tertiary Industries,GDP23)与多元信息耦合后的夜间灯光、建筑用地、兴趣点数据分市区与县域创建空间模型。采用随机森林确定第二三产业中各类指标的权重,计算GDP23格网值,最终将GDP1与GDP23栅格叠加,构建2020年青藏高原100 m×100 m的国内生产总值(Gross Domestic Product,GDP)空间化分布图。利用县级GDP统计数据进行精度验证,相对均方根误差为0.0385,表明数据能较好地反映青藏高原GDP空间分布情况。本数据可为青藏高原灾害风险评估、防灾减灾提供数据支撑。展开更多
Urban population during the daytime and at night and their spatial distribution are important bases for planning urban infrastructure, public services and disaster relief. As current population statistics cannot disti...Urban population during the daytime and at night and their spatial distribution are important bases for planning urban infrastructure, public services and disaster relief. As current population statistics cannot distinguish urban population during the daytime from that at night, existed research in this field are quite limited. This paper tries to advance studies at this aspect by establishing a relationship model for the three components of ＇population, land use and time （daytime or night）＇ to explore the temporal and spatial characteristics of different types of population, which is aimed to estimate urban population during the daytime and at night and to analyze their spatial characteristics at grid scale. Furthermore, an empirical case study has been carried out at the Haidian District in Beijing, China to test the model. The results are as follows： （1） The spatial structure of urban population during the daytime is significantly different from that at night. The spatial distribution of urban population during the daytime is more extensive and more agglomerated that that at night. （2） Several types of spatial coupling relationship between population during the daytime and that at night have been identified, such as sandwich mode, symmetry mode, convergence mode and single mode, etc. （3） The spatial distribution of daytime and nighttime population also reflects certain factors during the development of China, such as the distribution of old residential areas, the construction of new industrial districts, and the differences between urban and rural areas, which can provide reference points for studies in this field and other regional research.展开更多
文摘经济空间分布数据是进行灾害损失评估的重要指标之一。青藏高原地区经济相对落后,地质灾害频发,研究该地区灾害对经济造成的影响意义重大。本研究基于分区分产业模拟的方法,将第一产业增加值(GDP of Primary Industry,GDP1)与土地利用类型、数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)、村落点、道路、河流缓冲区建立对应关系,第二三产业增加值(GDP of Secondary and Tertiary Industries,GDP23)与多元信息耦合后的夜间灯光、建筑用地、兴趣点数据分市区与县域创建空间模型。采用随机森林确定第二三产业中各类指标的权重,计算GDP23格网值,最终将GDP1与GDP23栅格叠加,构建2020年青藏高原100 m×100 m的国内生产总值(Gross Domestic Product,GDP)空间化分布图。利用县级GDP统计数据进行精度验证,相对均方根误差为0.0385,表明数据能较好地反映青藏高原GDP空间分布情况。本数据可为青藏高原灾害风险评估、防灾减灾提供数据支撑。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41271174 National Science and Technology Support Program, No.2012BAI32B07
文摘Urban population during the daytime and at night and their spatial distribution are important bases for planning urban infrastructure, public services and disaster relief. As current population statistics cannot distinguish urban population during the daytime from that at night, existed research in this field are quite limited. This paper tries to advance studies at this aspect by establishing a relationship model for the three components of ＇population, land use and time （daytime or night）＇ to explore the temporal and spatial characteristics of different types of population, which is aimed to estimate urban population during the daytime and at night and to analyze their spatial characteristics at grid scale. Furthermore, an empirical case study has been carried out at the Haidian District in Beijing, China to test the model. The results are as follows： （1） The spatial structure of urban population during the daytime is significantly different from that at night. The spatial distribution of urban population during the daytime is more extensive and more agglomerated that that at night. （2） Several types of spatial coupling relationship between population during the daytime and that at night have been identified, such as sandwich mode, symmetry mode, convergence mode and single mode, etc. （3） The spatial distribution of daytime and nighttime population also reflects certain factors during the development of China, such as the distribution of old residential areas, the construction of new industrial districts, and the differences between urban and rural areas, which can provide reference points for studies in this field and other regional research.
