Background:Exposures to benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylenes(BTEX)have been associated with impairment of the hematopoietic system,often leading to leukemogenesis.A prospective panel study:i)characterized the effe...Background:Exposures to benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylenes(BTEX)have been associated with impairment of the hematopoietic system,often leading to leukemogenesis.A prospective panel study:i)characterized the effect of night shift work(NSW)(12-hr night shift vs.12-hr day shift)on urinary BTEX and metabolites in gasoline station workers in Plovdiv,Bulgaria,ii)evaluated the NSW effect on chrono-based BTEX genotoxic effects(as measured by 8-OHdG,a nonspecific biomarker of genotoxicity)including the influence of the downstream urinary metabolome.Methods:During a week’s working period,workers(n=71)followed both day shift and night shift work schedules(12-h long each shift)collecting four urine samples per worker(pre and end of shift).Airborne BTEX exposures were evaluated over 12-h shift periods using wearable passive samplers.Urinary BTEX and the metabolome were measured using mass spectrometry.8-OHdG was measured using an ELISA immunoassay.Associations were examined using mixed-effect regression models and corrected for false-discovery rates of 0.05.Results:Median personal airborne benzene levels were 3.05(IQR:2.89),and 2.92(IQR:1.86)𝜇g/m^(3) for day and night work shifts,respectively,suggestive of a low-level BTEX study.Results supported a consistent trend of lower urinary BTEX levels in NSW than those observed in day shift,after adjusting for airborne BTEX and confounders.Metabolomic signatures revealed a few significant metabolites associated with NSW or 8-OHdG with 4-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid(level I)being associated with both NSW and 8-OHdG.The biological pathway with high metabolic pathway impact were glycine,serine and threonine metabolism.Conclusion:Larger NSW studies with longer and more frequent follow-up times are warranted to better delineate the possible influence of NSW chrono-modulated working activities in leukemogenic processes.展开更多
The rapid expansion of urbanization has led to widespread exposure of wild birds to intensive light at night(LAN).While previous studies have established LAN-induced cognitive impairment in birds,the underlying neurob...The rapid expansion of urbanization has led to widespread exposure of wild birds to intensive light at night(LAN).While previous studies have established LAN-induced cognitive impairment in birds,the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain poorly understood.We hypothesized that LAN exposure impaired cognitive function of birds potentially through neurodegeneration,metabolic dysregulation and neuroinflammatory responses in the telencephalon.Using Zebra Finches(Taeniopygia guttata)as an avian model,under 16L:8D photoperiods,we compared associative learning and memory abilities and neurobiological parameters between experimental groups exposed to dim light at night(LAN)versus nocturnal darkness(CTR).Compared to the CTR birds,the LAN-exposed birds exhibited significantly lower learning and memory performances,reduced neuron density and simplified dendritic morphology in the telencephalons.The key energy metabolic substrates(cholic acid,CTP,D-mannose-6-phosphate)and neuroprotective agents(trehalose,menaquinone,L-gulono-1,4-lactone)in the telencephalons of LAN-exposed birds showed depletion,while oxidative stress markers(methionine sulfoxide)and inflammatory mediators(cis-gondoic acid)exhibited elevation.The neurotransmitter dopamine and histamine metabolic pathway were disrupted in the LAN-exposed birds.The microglias were activated with pro-inflammatory IL-1βand IL-6 levels increasing and anti-inflammatory IL-10 decreasing in the telencephalons of the LAN-exposed birds.These findings indicate a potential mechanistic pathway whereby dim light exposure at night can induce neuroinflammation through oxidative stress-mediated microglial activation,energy metabolism and neurotransmitter homeostasis disruption,ultimately leading to neurodegeneration in the telencephalons of birds.展开更多
Introduction:Night shift work is a complex and frequent occupational exposure,and breast cancer stands as the most prevalent cancer in women.The International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)has twice classified ni...Introduction:Night shift work is a complex and frequent occupational exposure,and breast cancer stands as the most prevalent cancer in women.The International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)has twice classified night shift work as a probable breast carcinogen,with the latest classification in June 2019.Since that time,new epidemiologic data has emerged.Methods:We searched PubMed for original articles based on cohort and case-control studies of“breast cancer and night shift work”published after the IARC evaluation in June 2019.Results:In total six cohorts and four case-control studies were included in our review.Overall,we observed some support for associations between persistent(long duration or high frequency)night shift work and an increase in breast cancer risk,though most studies were relatively small and statistically under-powered.Moreover,the recent studies do not contribute further evidence regarding the interaction with menopausal status,diurnal preference,hormonal subtypes of breast cancer or gene-environment aspects,which were issues that were left from the IARC evaluation.Conclusions:The available new results somewhat consolidate the epidemiological evidence from IARC’s 2019 evaluation,and do not provide further evidence regarding interaction of interest,e.g.menopausal status,etc.Therefore,long term follow-up of prospective cohorts or nested case-control studies,including precise exposure assessment and examinations of relevant interactions such as menopausal status,diurnal preference,hormonal subtypes of breast cancer and gene-environment aspects,are warranted.Meanwhile,protective measures for the night workers should be considered.展开更多
Nighttime navigation faces challenges from limited data and interference,especially when satellite signals are unavailable.Leveraging lunar polarized light,polarization navigation offers a promising solution for night...Nighttime navigation faces challenges from limited data and interference,especially when satellite signals are unavailable.Leveraging lunar polarized light,polarization navigation offers a promising solution for nighttime autonomous navigation.Current algorithms,however,are limited by the requirement for known horizontal attitudes,restricting applications.This study introduces an autonomous 3-D attitude determination method to overcome this limitation.Our approach utilizes the Angle of Polarization(AOP)at night to extract neutral points from the AOP pattern.This allows for the calculation of polarization meridian plane information for attitude determination.Subsequently,we present an optimized Polarization TRIAD(Pol-TRIAD)algorithm to acquire the 3-D attitude.The proposed method outperforms the existing approaches in outdoor experiments by achieving lower Root Mean Square Error(RMSE).For one baseline attitude,it improves pitch by 31.7%,roll by 21.7%,and yaw by 2.6%,while for the attitude with a larger tilt angle,the improvements are 64.4%,30.4%,and 9.1%,respectively.展开更多
Objective To explore and quantify the association of hot night exposure during the sperm development period(0–90 lag days) with semen quality.Methods A total of 6,640 male sperm donors from 6 human sperm banks in Chi...Objective To explore and quantify the association of hot night exposure during the sperm development period(0–90 lag days) with semen quality.Methods A total of 6,640 male sperm donors from 6 human sperm banks in China during 2014–2020were recruited in this multicenter study.Two indices(i.e.,hot night excess [HNE] and hot night duration[HND]) were used to estimate the heat intensity and duration during nighttime.Linear mixed models were used to examine the association between hot nights and semen quality parameters.Results The exposure-response relationship revealed that HNE and HND during 0–90 days before semen collection had a significantly inverse association with sperm motility.Specifically,a 1 ℃ increase in HNE was associated with decreased sperm progressive motility of 0.0090(95% confidence interval[CI]:–0.0147,–0.0033) and decreased total motility of 0.0094(95% CI:–0.0160,–0.0029).HND was significantly associated with reduced sperm progressive motility and total motility of 0.0021(95% CI:–0.0040,–0.0003) and 0.0023(95% CI:–0.0043,–0.0002),respectively.Consistent results were observed at different temperature thresholds on hot nights.Conclusion Our findings highlight the need to mitigate nocturnal heat exposure during spermatogenesis to maintain optimal semen quality.展开更多
The unbreakable doll performance at Tang Dynasty Night City has become extremely popular,sparking a wave of enthusiasm online.In the performance,actors dressed in elegant Tang Dynasty attire appear as if they have ste...The unbreakable doll performance at Tang Dynasty Night City has become extremely popular,sparking a wave of enthusiasm online.In the performance,actors dressed in elegant Tang Dynasty attire appear as if they have stepped out of a historical painting,gracefully dancing on the unbreakable doll apparatus.Every gesture and expression exudes the unparalleled elegance of the Tang Dynasty.This paper primarily analyzes the mechanical principles behind the Tang Dynasty Night City’s Unbreakable Doll Performance,starting with structural design to examine its mechanical principles and summarize its dynamic mechanical control mechanisms.展开更多
Global warming is primarily characterized by asymmetric temperature increases,with greater temperature rises in winter/spring and at night compared to summer/autumn and the daytime.We investigated the impact of winter...Global warming is primarily characterized by asymmetric temperature increases,with greater temperature rises in winter/spring and at night compared to summer/autumn and the daytime.We investigated the impact of winter night warming on the top expanded leaves of the spring wheat cultivar Yangmai 18 and the semi-winter wheat cultivar Yannong 19 during the 2020-2021 growing season.Results showed that the night-time mean temperature in the treatment group was 1.27°C higher than the ambient temperature,and winter night warming increased the yields of both wheat cultivars,the activities of sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase after anthesis,and the biosynthesis of sucrose and soluble sugars.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified using criteria of P-value<0.05 and fold change>2,and they were subjected to Gene Ontology(GO)annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses.Genes differentially expressed in wheat leaves treated with night warming were primarily associated with starch and sucrose metabolism,amino acid biosynthesis,carbon metabolism,plant hormone signal transduction,and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.Comparisons between the groups identified 14 DEGs related to temperature.These results highlight the effects of winter night warming on wheat development from various perspectives.Our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the response of wheat to winter night warming and the candidate genes involved in this process.展开更多
Infertility,defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse,affects approximately 8%–12%of couples worldwide during their childbearing years.Assiste...Infertility,defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse,affects approximately 8%–12%of couples worldwide during their childbearing years.Assisted reproductive technology(ART)offers interventions to facilitate conception in couples with infertility.Since the inception of traditional in vitro fertilization(IVF)in 1978,ART has facilitated the birth of millions of infants.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)is an effective technique for couples ineligible for traditional IVF.Individual female factors,such as age and endometrial thickness,have been shown to affect embryo development during the IVF process,resulting in unfavorable pregnancy outcomes[1-3].However,the influence of environmental and male factors on early reproductive outcomes cannot be ignored.As a novel form of environmental pollution,light at night(LAN)has intensified with the rapid pace of urbanization,potentially leading to reproductive health problems in both women and men.However,to our knowledge,no study has explored the effects of LAN exposure on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF.Furthermore,the normal development of embryos relies on the contributions of both partners,and the influence of male factors on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF should not be overlooked.展开更多
Dear Editor,Sleep deprivation and loss can have detrimental effects on brain function.Among common patterns of sleep loss are delayed sleep onset(early night sleep loss,EL)and premature awakening(late night sleep loss...Dear Editor,Sleep deprivation and loss can have detrimental effects on brain function.Among common patterns of sleep loss are delayed sleep onset(early night sleep loss,EL)and premature awakening(late night sleep loss,LL).Here,we investigated the distinct impacts of EL and LL on resting-state brain activity.A total of 100 healthy students from several universities in Beijing were recruited and randomly assigned to one of three groups:EL,LL,or full sleep(FS).Restingstate functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)scans were conducted following the sleep manipulations.Compared to the FS group,the LL group showed abnormal low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)in the prefrontal cortex and insula.展开更多
The White-eared Night Heron (Gorsachius magnificus) is a Class II protected species in China. It is difficult to observe in the field and its population is small. The present study reports a new distribution site in N...The White-eared Night Heron (Gorsachius magnificus) is a Class II protected species in China. It is difficult to observe in the field and its population is small. The present study reports a new distribution site in Nanxiong County, in northern Guangdong Province, where observations of an active nest were made from 4 May to 14 July 2012, the first time consecutive observations have been made for a period of more than two months. The adults flew away from the nest at night, with a peak at 19:00-20:00 and returned in the mornings with a peak at 04:30-05:30. The peak time for feeding young was at 05:00-05:30, accounting for 26.5%of total feeding activities. No feeding occurred from 10:00 to 16:00. The results of our study of its behavior explain why the White-eared Night Heron is usually observed in the evening just before dark, or in the morning before sunrise, at least during the breeding season. There were about 67 days from hatching to fledging, longer than the fledging time of most heron species. This study is the first to cover the entire period of parental care and fills a gap in previous knowledge.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to explore the effects of low night temperature treatment on sucrose synthesis ability of tomato leaves in seedling stage.[Method] Effects of low night temperature of 6 ℃（with 15 ℃ as contro...[Objective] The aim was to explore the effects of low night temperature treatment on sucrose synthesis ability of tomato leaves in seedling stage.[Method] Effects of low night temperature of 6 ℃（with 15 ℃ as control）on the sucrose synthesis ability of tomato leaves were studied after 1,3,5,7 d of treatment.[Result] The contents of fructose,glucose and sucrose in tomato leaves were higher than control at 6：00 during the treatment of low night temperature,but in contrast at 11：00.The contents of fructose,glucose and sucrose in tomato leaves of low night temperature treatment and control group at 6：00 were lower than that at 11：00.The content of starch in tomato leaves was higher than control at 6：00 and 11：00 during the treatment.And the activities of sugar metabolism enzymes of tomato were changed by the treatment of low night temperature.The activities of acid invertase（AI）and neutral invertase（NI）were higher than those of control,while the activities of sucrose synthase（SS）and sucrose phosphate synthase（SPS）were lower than control at 6：00 and 11：00 during the treatment.The activity of all the enzymes at 11：00 of low night temperature treatment plants treated for 1,3,5,7 d was higher than that at 6：00.Compared to 6：00,the invertase activity of the control plant decreased,while the synthetase activity increased.The activity of sucrose synthase（SS）was decreased for treated plants,and the increase amount of sucrose content in leaves was lower than that of control at 11：00 during the treatment,indicating that the sucrose synthesis ability of tomato leaves was decreased by the treatment of low night temperature.[Conclusion] The results in this study had provided theoretical basis for the environmental control of high-yield cultivation of tomato.展开更多
Once,in 2007,the authors had written:regarding to the endangerment of the White-eared Night Heron (Gorsachius magnificus),it would be evidentially to say that no longer the status of the bird is to meet the Criteria E...Once,in 2007,the authors had written:regarding to the endangerment of the White-eared Night Heron (Gorsachius magnificus),it would be evidentially to say that no longer the status of the bird is to meet the Criteria EN C1 but more likely still marginally meet EN C2a(i),and hence the bird might be currently remained amongst those Endangered (EN),with caveats that,if any bird could have been found in an area outside the range of any known subpopulation,it will then warrant a lower threat status.Now,it is time for due consideration.展开更多
Aim To describe accumulating frames characteristics of CCD camera as a night vision detector. Methods Utilizing CCD external trigger, computer video capture card and image processing software, the image accumul...Aim To describe accumulating frames characteristics of CCD camera as a night vision detector. Methods Utilizing CCD external trigger, computer video capture card and image processing software, the image accumulation was made. Results The detection of the static object image whose illuminance on the CCD FPA(focal plane array) was less than 3 7×10 -5 lx was realized and the image's resolution of 300?TV lines was achieved. Conclusion This experimental system can provide a kind of night vision device capable of detecting the static object at low light level and with low cost compared to an image intensifier.展开更多
Semantic segmentation of driving scene images is crucial for autonomous driving.While deep learning technology has significantly improved daytime image semantic segmentation,nighttime images pose challenges due to fac...Semantic segmentation of driving scene images is crucial for autonomous driving.While deep learning technology has significantly improved daytime image semantic segmentation,nighttime images pose challenges due to factors like poor lighting and overexposure,making it difficult to recognize small objects.To address this,we propose an Image Adaptive Enhancement(IAEN)module comprising a parameter predictor(Edip),multiple image processing filters(Mdif),and a Detail Processing Module(DPM).Edip combines image processing filters to predict parameters like exposure and hue,optimizing image quality.We adopt a novel image encoder to enhance parameter prediction accuracy by enabling Edip to handle features at different scales.DPM strengthens overlooked image details,extending the IAEN module’s functionality.After the segmentation network,we integrate a Depth Guided Filter(DGF)to refine segmentation outputs.The entire network is trained end-to-end,with segmentation results guiding parameter prediction optimization,promoting self-learning and network improvement.This lightweight and efficient network architecture is particularly suitable for addressing challenges in nighttime image segmentation.Extensive experiments validate significant performance improvements of our approach on the ACDC-night and Nightcity datasets.展开更多
In this paper a new methodology is outlined to detect the dust content in the Martian atmosphere during nighttime. In the previous Lander missions to Mars, scientists were able to determine the dust load in the Martia...In this paper a new methodology is outlined to detect the dust content in the Martian atmosphere during nighttime. In the previous Lander missions to Mars, scientists were able to determine the dust load in the Martian atmosphere during daylight using spectral lines of the Sun. Since the dynamics of Martian dust storms had been determined to be very rapid changing over times of hours and not days, it is imperative to determine the dust load during nighttime, so future astronauts to Mars can take protective measures for their equipment. They can also factor this effect for their planned activities during daytime. The new methodology greatly improves on the classical method for determining the extinction in the Earth’s atmosphere. The classical method uses observations of bright stars from which the optical depth, ?total, can then be deduced from the classical brightness equation. The classical method succeeds reasonably well at high elevation angles from the horizon but fails dramatically at low elevation angles. It also determines ?total from the slope of a plot of observed brightness of a bright star vs. air mass at all elevations. The plot shows a straight line at high elevations angles, which then curves and becomes uncertain at low elevation angles. The new methodology bypasses this severe difficulty by simply eliminating this plot, and by acquiring the brightness of a bright star above the atmosphere (no extinction) and compares it to the observed bright- ness of the same star below the atmosphere at all elevations.展开更多
Traveling is one major theme of Fitzgerald's novel Tender Is the Night. This fashionable activity for the 1920 s Americans is represented in the novel as ostensibly bearing different meanings to the main character...Traveling is one major theme of Fitzgerald's novel Tender Is the Night. This fashionable activity for the 1920 s Americans is represented in the novel as ostensibly bearing different meanings to the main characters, but a deeper look would reveal that it is unanimously resorted to as a weapon against the spiritual barrenness caused by the cult of business, and more importantly, as a way to the experience of rootedness.展开更多
Night tourism often involves a large number of lighting facilities,which consume a large amount of energy.Therefore,one of the unique low energy consumption natural ecological tourism activities—firefly night tour ha...Night tourism often involves a large number of lighting facilities,which consume a large amount of energy.Therefore,one of the unique low energy consumption natural ecological tourism activities—firefly night tour has attracted attention and become an important breakthrough point for night tourism in tourist destinations.In this paper,Guangzhou firefly night tour project is taken as the research object.Based on the comprehensive economic,environmental,and socio-cultural benefits brought by the development of firefly night tour,the resources distribution,current development status,and existing problems of firefly night tour in Guangzhou are analyzed,and its high-quality development paths are proposed from three levels:government,industry,and tourist.The aim is to explore a new model for the economic development of Guangzhou night tour,boosting the transformation and upgrading of the night tourism economy,while also providing reference ideas and value for the development of night tourism economy in other tourist destinations.展开更多
Going to the movies has become an expensive and often annoying activity.In some parts of the country,movie-goers are paying as much as＄10.50 a ticket. Multiply that times two if you take a friend;then add in popcorn ...Going to the movies has become an expensive and often annoying activity.In some parts of the country,movie-goers are paying as much as＄10.50 a ticket. Multiply that times two if you take a friend;then add in popcorn and soda,and maybe some chocolate covered raisins,too---they are"nature’s candy"---and you’re＄40 the poorer.展开更多
The effects of different levels of CaCl 2 on photosynthesis under low night temperature（8°C） stress in peanuts were studied in order to find out the appropriate concentration of Ca2＋through the artificial clim...The effects of different levels of CaCl 2 on photosynthesis under low night temperature（8°C） stress in peanuts were studied in order to find out the appropriate concentration of Ca2＋through the artificial climate chamber potted culture test.The results indicated that Ca2＋,by means of improving the stomatal conductivity of peanut leaves under low night temperature stress,may mitigate the decline of photosynthetic rate in the peanut leaves.The regulation with 15 mmol L-1CaCl 2（Ca15） was the most effective,compared with other treatments.Subsequently,the improvement of Ca2＋on peanut photosynthesis under low night temperature stress was validated further through spraying with Ca15,Ca2＋chelator（ethylene glycol bis（2-aminoethyl） tetraacetic acid; EGTA） and calmodulin antagonists（trifluonerazine; TFP）.And CaM（Ca2＋-modulin） played an important role in the nutritional signal transduction for Ca2＋mitigating photosynthesis limitations in peanuts under low night temperature stress.展开更多
基金funding support by the EX-POSOWORK project(OPPORTUNITY/0916/MSCA/0077)co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund and the Republic of Cyprus through the Research and Innovation Foundation,and the Nor-wegian Cancer Society(grant no:222387).
文摘Background:Exposures to benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylenes(BTEX)have been associated with impairment of the hematopoietic system,often leading to leukemogenesis.A prospective panel study:i)characterized the effect of night shift work(NSW)(12-hr night shift vs.12-hr day shift)on urinary BTEX and metabolites in gasoline station workers in Plovdiv,Bulgaria,ii)evaluated the NSW effect on chrono-based BTEX genotoxic effects(as measured by 8-OHdG,a nonspecific biomarker of genotoxicity)including the influence of the downstream urinary metabolome.Methods:During a week’s working period,workers(n=71)followed both day shift and night shift work schedules(12-h long each shift)collecting four urine samples per worker(pre and end of shift).Airborne BTEX exposures were evaluated over 12-h shift periods using wearable passive samplers.Urinary BTEX and the metabolome were measured using mass spectrometry.8-OHdG was measured using an ELISA immunoassay.Associations were examined using mixed-effect regression models and corrected for false-discovery rates of 0.05.Results:Median personal airborne benzene levels were 3.05(IQR:2.89),and 2.92(IQR:1.86)𝜇g/m^(3) for day and night work shifts,respectively,suggestive of a low-level BTEX study.Results supported a consistent trend of lower urinary BTEX levels in NSW than those observed in day shift,after adjusting for airborne BTEX and confounders.Metabolomic signatures revealed a few significant metabolites associated with NSW or 8-OHdG with 4-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid(level I)being associated with both NSW and 8-OHdG.The biological pathway with high metabolic pathway impact were glycine,serine and threonine metabolism.Conclusion:Larger NSW studies with longer and more frequent follow-up times are warranted to better delineate the possible influence of NSW chrono-modulated working activities in leukemogenic processes.
基金supported by grants from Key laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Area,National Ethnic Affairs Commission(KLEEMA202207)。
文摘The rapid expansion of urbanization has led to widespread exposure of wild birds to intensive light at night(LAN).While previous studies have established LAN-induced cognitive impairment in birds,the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain poorly understood.We hypothesized that LAN exposure impaired cognitive function of birds potentially through neurodegeneration,metabolic dysregulation and neuroinflammatory responses in the telencephalon.Using Zebra Finches(Taeniopygia guttata)as an avian model,under 16L:8D photoperiods,we compared associative learning and memory abilities and neurobiological parameters between experimental groups exposed to dim light at night(LAN)versus nocturnal darkness(CTR).Compared to the CTR birds,the LAN-exposed birds exhibited significantly lower learning and memory performances,reduced neuron density and simplified dendritic morphology in the telencephalons.The key energy metabolic substrates(cholic acid,CTP,D-mannose-6-phosphate)and neuroprotective agents(trehalose,menaquinone,L-gulono-1,4-lactone)in the telencephalons of LAN-exposed birds showed depletion,while oxidative stress markers(methionine sulfoxide)and inflammatory mediators(cis-gondoic acid)exhibited elevation.The neurotransmitter dopamine and histamine metabolic pathway were disrupted in the LAN-exposed birds.The microglias were activated with pro-inflammatory IL-1βand IL-6 levels increasing and anti-inflammatory IL-10 decreasing in the telencephalons of the LAN-exposed birds.These findings indicate a potential mechanistic pathway whereby dim light exposure at night can induce neuroinflammation through oxidative stress-mediated microglial activation,energy metabolism and neurotransmitter homeostasis disruption,ultimately leading to neurodegeneration in the telencephalons of birds.
文摘Introduction:Night shift work is a complex and frequent occupational exposure,and breast cancer stands as the most prevalent cancer in women.The International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)has twice classified night shift work as a probable breast carcinogen,with the latest classification in June 2019.Since that time,new epidemiologic data has emerged.Methods:We searched PubMed for original articles based on cohort and case-control studies of“breast cancer and night shift work”published after the IARC evaluation in June 2019.Results:In total six cohorts and four case-control studies were included in our review.Overall,we observed some support for associations between persistent(long duration or high frequency)night shift work and an increase in breast cancer risk,though most studies were relatively small and statistically under-powered.Moreover,the recent studies do not contribute further evidence regarding the interaction with menopausal status,diurnal preference,hormonal subtypes of breast cancer or gene-environment aspects,which were issues that were left from the IARC evaluation.Conclusions:The available new results somewhat consolidate the epidemiological evidence from IARC’s 2019 evaluation,and do not provide further evidence regarding interaction of interest,e.g.menopausal status,etc.Therefore,long term follow-up of prospective cohorts or nested case-control studies,including precise exposure assessment and examinations of relevant interactions such as menopausal status,diurnal preference,hormonal subtypes of breast cancer and gene-environment aspects,are warranted.Meanwhile,protective measures for the night workers should be considered.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2020YFA0711200,2022YFB4701301)in part by the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program,China(No.JCKY2021601B016)+1 种基金in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.YWF-23-JC-07)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62425302)。
文摘Nighttime navigation faces challenges from limited data and interference,especially when satellite signals are unavailable.Leveraging lunar polarized light,polarization navigation offers a promising solution for nighttime autonomous navigation.Current algorithms,however,are limited by the requirement for known horizontal attitudes,restricting applications.This study introduces an autonomous 3-D attitude determination method to overcome this limitation.Our approach utilizes the Angle of Polarization(AOP)at night to extract neutral points from the AOP pattern.This allows for the calculation of polarization meridian plane information for attitude determination.Subsequently,we present an optimized Polarization TRIAD(Pol-TRIAD)algorithm to acquire the 3-D attitude.The proposed method outperforms the existing approaches in outdoor experiments by achieving lower Root Mean Square Error(RMSE).For one baseline attitude,it improves pitch by 31.7%,roll by 21.7%,and yaw by 2.6%,while for the attitude with a larger tilt angle,the improvements are 64.4%,30.4%,and 9.1%,respectively.
基金funded by the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2022A1515011517).
文摘Objective To explore and quantify the association of hot night exposure during the sperm development period(0–90 lag days) with semen quality.Methods A total of 6,640 male sperm donors from 6 human sperm banks in China during 2014–2020were recruited in this multicenter study.Two indices(i.e.,hot night excess [HNE] and hot night duration[HND]) were used to estimate the heat intensity and duration during nighttime.Linear mixed models were used to examine the association between hot nights and semen quality parameters.Results The exposure-response relationship revealed that HNE and HND during 0–90 days before semen collection had a significantly inverse association with sperm motility.Specifically,a 1 ℃ increase in HNE was associated with decreased sperm progressive motility of 0.0090(95% confidence interval[CI]:–0.0147,–0.0033) and decreased total motility of 0.0094(95% CI:–0.0160,–0.0029).HND was significantly associated with reduced sperm progressive motility and total motility of 0.0021(95% CI:–0.0040,–0.0003) and 0.0023(95% CI:–0.0043,–0.0002),respectively.Consistent results were observed at different temperature thresholds on hot nights.Conclusion Our findings highlight the need to mitigate nocturnal heat exposure during spermatogenesis to maintain optimal semen quality.
文摘The unbreakable doll performance at Tang Dynasty Night City has become extremely popular,sparking a wave of enthusiasm online.In the performance,actors dressed in elegant Tang Dynasty attire appear as if they have stepped out of a historical painting,gracefully dancing on the unbreakable doll apparatus.Every gesture and expression exudes the unparalleled elegance of the Tang Dynasty.This paper primarily analyzes the mechanical principles behind the Tang Dynasty Night City’s Unbreakable Doll Performance,starting with structural design to examine its mechanical principles and summarize its dynamic mechanical control mechanisms.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(2008085qc118)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19A2021)+1 种基金the Major Science and Technology Special Project of Anhui Province,China(S202003a06020035)the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production,China(JCIC-MCP)。
文摘Global warming is primarily characterized by asymmetric temperature increases,with greater temperature rises in winter/spring and at night compared to summer/autumn and the daytime.We investigated the impact of winter night warming on the top expanded leaves of the spring wheat cultivar Yangmai 18 and the semi-winter wheat cultivar Yannong 19 during the 2020-2021 growing season.Results showed that the night-time mean temperature in the treatment group was 1.27°C higher than the ambient temperature,and winter night warming increased the yields of both wheat cultivars,the activities of sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase after anthesis,and the biosynthesis of sucrose and soluble sugars.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified using criteria of P-value<0.05 and fold change>2,and they were subjected to Gene Ontology(GO)annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses.Genes differentially expressed in wheat leaves treated with night warming were primarily associated with starch and sucrose metabolism,amino acid biosynthesis,carbon metabolism,plant hormone signal transduction,and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.Comparisons between the groups identified 14 DEGs related to temperature.These results highlight the effects of winter night warming on wheat development from various perspectives.Our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the response of wheat to winter night warming and the candidate genes involved in this process.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1004201)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82473642)+3 种基金Research Funds of the Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM(No.JKS2023017)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2408085QH278)Research Fund of the Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine(No.2022zhyx-C05)Anhui Medical University National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.S202410366070).
文摘Infertility,defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 1 year of unprotected and regular sexual intercourse,affects approximately 8%–12%of couples worldwide during their childbearing years.Assisted reproductive technology(ART)offers interventions to facilitate conception in couples with infertility.Since the inception of traditional in vitro fertilization(IVF)in 1978,ART has facilitated the birth of millions of infants.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)is an effective technique for couples ineligible for traditional IVF.Individual female factors,such as age and endometrial thickness,have been shown to affect embryo development during the IVF process,resulting in unfavorable pregnancy outcomes[1-3].However,the influence of environmental and male factors on early reproductive outcomes cannot be ignored.As a novel form of environmental pollution,light at night(LAN)has intensified with the rapid pace of urbanization,potentially leading to reproductive health problems in both women and men.However,to our knowledge,no study has explored the effects of LAN exposure on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF.Furthermore,the normal development of embryos relies on the contributions of both partners,and the influence of male factors on the early reproductive outcomes of IVF should not be overlooked.
基金supported by the STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0202100,2021ZD0200801,and 2021ZD0201900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82130040,82288101).
文摘Dear Editor,Sleep deprivation and loss can have detrimental effects on brain function.Among common patterns of sleep loss are delayed sleep onset(early night sleep loss,EL)and premature awakening(late night sleep loss,LL).Here,we investigated the distinct impacts of EL and LL on resting-state brain activity.A total of 100 healthy students from several universities in Beijing were recruited and randomly assigned to one of three groups:EL,LL,or full sleep(FS).Restingstate functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)scans were conducted following the sleep manipulations.Compared to the FS group,the LL group showed abnormal low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)in the prefrontal cortex and insula.
基金funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31172067)the National Nature Science Foundation of China-Guang dong Joint Fund(U0833005)Guangdong Plan Projects(2010B060200034,2011B031100004)
文摘The White-eared Night Heron (Gorsachius magnificus) is a Class II protected species in China. It is difficult to observe in the field and its population is small. The present study reports a new distribution site in Nanxiong County, in northern Guangdong Province, where observations of an active nest were made from 4 May to 14 July 2012, the first time consecutive observations have been made for a period of more than two months. The adults flew away from the nest at night, with a peak at 19:00-20:00 and returned in the mornings with a peak at 04:30-05:30. The peak time for feeding young was at 05:00-05:30, accounting for 26.5%of total feeding activities. No feeding occurred from 10:00 to 16:00. The results of our study of its behavior explain why the White-eared Night Heron is usually observed in the evening just before dark, or in the morning before sunrise, at least during the breeding season. There were about 67 days from hatching to fledging, longer than the fledging time of most heron species. This study is the first to cover the entire period of parental care and fills a gap in previous knowledge.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30170640)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore the effects of low night temperature treatment on sucrose synthesis ability of tomato leaves in seedling stage.[Method] Effects of low night temperature of 6 ℃（with 15 ℃ as control）on the sucrose synthesis ability of tomato leaves were studied after 1,3,5,7 d of treatment.[Result] The contents of fructose,glucose and sucrose in tomato leaves were higher than control at 6：00 during the treatment of low night temperature,but in contrast at 11：00.The contents of fructose,glucose and sucrose in tomato leaves of low night temperature treatment and control group at 6：00 were lower than that at 11：00.The content of starch in tomato leaves was higher than control at 6：00 and 11：00 during the treatment.And the activities of sugar metabolism enzymes of tomato were changed by the treatment of low night temperature.The activities of acid invertase（AI）and neutral invertase（NI）were higher than those of control,while the activities of sucrose synthase（SS）and sucrose phosphate synthase（SPS）were lower than control at 6：00 and 11：00 during the treatment.The activity of all the enzymes at 11：00 of low night temperature treatment plants treated for 1,3,5,7 d was higher than that at 6：00.Compared to 6：00,the invertase activity of the control plant decreased,while the synthetase activity increased.The activity of sucrose synthase（SS）was decreased for treated plants,and the increase amount of sucrose content in leaves was lower than that of control at 11：00 during the treatment,indicating that the sucrose synthesis ability of tomato leaves was decreased by the treatment of low night temperature.[Conclusion] The results in this study had provided theoretical basis for the environmental control of high-yield cultivation of tomato.
基金Zoologische Gesellschaft für Arten und Populationsschutz e. V. (ZGAP) in Germanythe Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) in the United Kingdom
文摘Once,in 2007,the authors had written:regarding to the endangerment of the White-eared Night Heron (Gorsachius magnificus),it would be evidentially to say that no longer the status of the bird is to meet the Criteria EN C1 but more likely still marginally meet EN C2a(i),and hence the bird might be currently remained amongst those Endangered (EN),with caveats that,if any bird could have been found in an area outside the range of any known subpopulation,it will then warrant a lower threat status.Now,it is time for due consideration.
文摘Aim To describe accumulating frames characteristics of CCD camera as a night vision detector. Methods Utilizing CCD external trigger, computer video capture card and image processing software, the image accumulation was made. Results The detection of the static object image whose illuminance on the CCD FPA(focal plane array) was less than 3 7×10 -5 lx was realized and the image's resolution of 300?TV lines was achieved. Conclusion This experimental system can provide a kind of night vision device capable of detecting the static object at low light level and with low cost compared to an image intensifier.
基金This work is supported in part by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 61971078),which provided domain expertise and computational power that greatly assisted the activityThis work was financially supported by Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Grants for-Major Science and Technology Project(Grant Number gzlcx20243175).
文摘Semantic segmentation of driving scene images is crucial for autonomous driving.While deep learning technology has significantly improved daytime image semantic segmentation,nighttime images pose challenges due to factors like poor lighting and overexposure,making it difficult to recognize small objects.To address this,we propose an Image Adaptive Enhancement(IAEN)module comprising a parameter predictor(Edip),multiple image processing filters(Mdif),and a Detail Processing Module(DPM).Edip combines image processing filters to predict parameters like exposure and hue,optimizing image quality.We adopt a novel image encoder to enhance parameter prediction accuracy by enabling Edip to handle features at different scales.DPM strengthens overlooked image details,extending the IAEN module’s functionality.After the segmentation network,we integrate a Depth Guided Filter(DGF)to refine segmentation outputs.The entire network is trained end-to-end,with segmentation results guiding parameter prediction optimization,promoting self-learning and network improvement.This lightweight and efficient network architecture is particularly suitable for addressing challenges in nighttime image segmentation.Extensive experiments validate significant performance improvements of our approach on the ACDC-night and Nightcity datasets.
文摘In this paper a new methodology is outlined to detect the dust content in the Martian atmosphere during nighttime. In the previous Lander missions to Mars, scientists were able to determine the dust load in the Martian atmosphere during daylight using spectral lines of the Sun. Since the dynamics of Martian dust storms had been determined to be very rapid changing over times of hours and not days, it is imperative to determine the dust load during nighttime, so future astronauts to Mars can take protective measures for their equipment. They can also factor this effect for their planned activities during daytime. The new methodology greatly improves on the classical method for determining the extinction in the Earth’s atmosphere. The classical method uses observations of bright stars from which the optical depth, ?total, can then be deduced from the classical brightness equation. The classical method succeeds reasonably well at high elevation angles from the horizon but fails dramatically at low elevation angles. It also determines ?total from the slope of a plot of observed brightness of a bright star vs. air mass at all elevations. The plot shows a straight line at high elevations angles, which then curves and becomes uncertain at low elevation angles. The new methodology bypasses this severe difficulty by simply eliminating this plot, and by acquiring the brightness of a bright star above the atmosphere (no extinction) and compares it to the observed bright- ness of the same star below the atmosphere at all elevations.
文摘Traveling is one major theme of Fitzgerald's novel Tender Is the Night. This fashionable activity for the 1920 s Americans is represented in the novel as ostensibly bearing different meanings to the main characters, but a deeper look would reveal that it is unanimously resorted to as a weapon against the spiritual barrenness caused by the cult of business, and more importantly, as a way to the experience of rootedness.
基金the 14th Five-year Plan Project for the Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Guangzhou(2023GZGJ83)the 2021 General University Key Scientific Research Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province(2021ZDZX4104)+1 种基金Project of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education(2021GDJG600,2021ZQXY45)the Guangdong Ploytechnic of Industry and Commerce Project(2023-SKJ-20).
文摘Night tourism often involves a large number of lighting facilities,which consume a large amount of energy.Therefore,one of the unique low energy consumption natural ecological tourism activities—firefly night tour has attracted attention and become an important breakthrough point for night tourism in tourist destinations.In this paper,Guangzhou firefly night tour project is taken as the research object.Based on the comprehensive economic,environmental,and socio-cultural benefits brought by the development of firefly night tour,the resources distribution,current development status,and existing problems of firefly night tour in Guangzhou are analyzed,and its high-quality development paths are proposed from three levels:government,industry,and tourist.The aim is to explore a new model for the economic development of Guangzhou night tour,boosting the transformation and upgrading of the night tourism economy,while also providing reference ideas and value for the development of night tourism economy in other tourist destinations.
文摘Going to the movies has become an expensive and often annoying activity.In some parts of the country,movie-goers are paying as much as＄10.50 a ticket. Multiply that times two if you take a friend;then add in popcorn and soda,and maybe some chocolate covered raisins,too---they are"nature’s candy"---and you’re＄40 the poorer.
基金Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2012M510839)Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China(20122103120011)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Initial Foundation of Shenyang Agricultural University,China(20112013)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shenyang Agricultural University,China(105110)the Peanut Nutrition and Fertilizer Program for China Agriculture Research System,China(CARS-14)
文摘The effects of different levels of CaCl 2 on photosynthesis under low night temperature（8°C） stress in peanuts were studied in order to find out the appropriate concentration of Ca2＋through the artificial climate chamber potted culture test.The results indicated that Ca2＋,by means of improving the stomatal conductivity of peanut leaves under low night temperature stress,may mitigate the decline of photosynthetic rate in the peanut leaves.The regulation with 15 mmol L-1CaCl 2（Ca15） was the most effective,compared with other treatments.Subsequently,the improvement of Ca2＋on peanut photosynthesis under low night temperature stress was validated further through spraying with Ca15,Ca2＋chelator（ethylene glycol bis（2-aminoethyl） tetraacetic acid; EGTA） and calmodulin antagonists（trifluonerazine; TFP）.And CaM（Ca2＋-modulin） played an important role in the nutritional signal transduction for Ca2＋mitigating photosynthesis limitations in peanuts under low night temperature stress.
