This study first analyzes four distinct forms of Fujian folk dance,highlighting the notable differences in their cultural characteristics and dance qualities.It then categorizes these dance forms to align with textboo...This study first analyzes four distinct forms of Fujian folk dance,highlighting the notable differences in their cultural characteristics and dance qualities.It then categorizes these dance forms to align with textbook construction,discussing in depth the principles guiding the development of textbooks that correspond to these classifications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy(LDP)has emerged as the preferred approach for both benign and malignant lesions located in the pancreatic body and tail.Nevertheless,a notable deficiency persists in the a...BACKGROUND Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy(LDP)has emerged as the preferred approach for both benign and malignant lesions located in the pancreatic body and tail.Nevertheless,a notable deficiency persists in the absence of a standardized,procedure-specific metric for evaluating and comparing surgical quality.A composite measure termed“textbook outcome(TO)”,which encompasses key short-term endpoints,has been validated in laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy but has not yet been established in dedicated LDP cohorts.The definition and prediction of TO in this context could aid in facilitating cross-institutional benchmarking and fostering advancements in quality improvement.AIM To establish procedure-specific criteria for TO and identify independent predictors of TO failure in patients undergoing LDP.METHODS Consecutive patients who underwent LDP at a single high-volume pancreatic center between January 2015 and August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.TO was defined as the absence of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula(grade B/C),post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage(grade B/C),severe complications(Clavien-Dindo≥III),readmission within 30 days,and in-hospital or 30-day mortality.Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify independent predictors of TO failure,and a nomogram was constructed and internally validated.RESULTS Among 405 eligible patients,286(70.6%)attained TO.Multivariable analysis revealed that female sex[odds ratio(OR)=0.62,95%confidence interval(CI):0.39-0.99]conferred a protective effect,while preoperative endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(OR=2.66,95%CI:1.05-6.73),pancreatic portal hypertension(OR=2.81,95%CI:1.06-7.45),and cystic-solid(OR=2.51,95%CI:1.34-4.69)or solid lesions(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.06-3.44)were independently associated with TO failure(all P<0.05).The derived nomogram exhibited modest discrimination and calibration when assessed in both the training and validation datasets.CONCLUSION The proposed LDP-specific definition of TO is feasible and discriminative,and the developed nomogram provides an objective tool for individualized risk assessment.展开更多
As a key carrier for the implementation of the core quality of"aesthetic creativity",the effective realization of the aesthetic value of language textbook illustrations is facing the real problems of practic...As a key carrier for the implementation of the core quality of"aesthetic creativity",the effective realization of the aesthetic value of language textbook illustrations is facing the real problems of practical disconnection and theoretical gap.Based on the theories of semiotics,embodied cognition and cultural reproduction,this paper innovatively puts forward the concept of"transformation mechanism of aesthetic education",constructs a three-phase The study analyzes the dynamic transformation process of illustrations from image symbols to students'aesthetic experience.The study explains the essential characteristics of illustration as a dual symbolic system of"likenessregulation",reveals the cognitive ladder of"perception-cognition-creation"and the path of realization of embodied cognition,and points out that the current aesthetic education of illustration has the problem of instrumentalization,and that the current aesthetic education of illustration has the problem of instrumentalization.The study points out that the current aesthetic education of illustrations is plagued by instrumental alienation,cultural hegemony and aesthetic flattening,and proposes a"three-in-one"education path from the dimensions of teachers,teaching materials and culture,including improving teachers'aesthetic education,reconstructing the principles of teaching materials and dynamic revision mechanism,and constructing classroom aesthetic education communities.The study provides new perspectives and practical guidance for exploring the aesthetic value of language textbook illustrations and bridging the gap between the theories of aesthetics and pedagogy,aiming to promote the return of aesthetic education to the nature of"reconstruction of experience",and to cultivate students'aesthetic literacy and sound personality.展开更多
This paper presents four teaching techniques of activating the textbook for intensive reading which include:injecting contemporary elements into the text,relating the text to students' life,questioning about the t...This paper presents four teaching techniques of activating the textbook for intensive reading which include:injecting contemporary elements into the text,relating the text to students' life,questioning about the text challengingly and ingeniously,and spicing up the text.展开更多
The appraisal of textbooks not only before selection, but also after they have been used, is a valuable exercise for any teacher. It provides a greater perception of the book's strengths and weaknesses, which enab...The appraisal of textbooks not only before selection, but also after they have been used, is a valuable exercise for any teacher. It provides a greater perception of the book's strengths and weaknesses, which enables the teacher to focus on the weak points and adapt or supplement them accordingly. The paper will provide a detailed evaluation of an EFL textbook focusing on cultural assumptions considering the cultural content and methodology with reference to a specific teaching context by discussing the various aspects of culture reflected in the various components as well as the type of methodology and syllabus design the book follows. Finally, implication and adaptation of this textbook will be argued.展开更多
Textbooks, as one of the important elements for the teaching effects and students' training aim and quality are the main carri-er and means for the realization of teaching objectives. The paper analyzes the proble...Textbooks, as one of the important elements for the teaching effects and students' training aim and quality are the main carri-er and means for the realization of teaching objectives. The paper analyzes the problems of currently-used textbooks at the followingthree aspects, textbook users, compiling styles and contents, based on 31 popular English writing textbooks used at Polytechnics as re-search subjects. Aiming to improve textbook quality and English teaching reform at Polytechnics, the paper also puts forward the ideasof compiling English writing textbooks on the basis of Feuerstein's theory.展开更多
With the rapid development of modern technology,textbooks have been undergoing great changes from the traditionallypaper-based form to the multimodal form.Multimodality has become a major feature of textbook discourse...With the rapid development of modern technology,textbooks have been undergoing great changes from the traditionallypaper-based form to the multimodal form.Multimodality has become a major feature of textbook discourse.Multimodal discourseanalysis is a new approach to discourse analysis based on the semiotic theory of systemic functional linguistics.This paper providesa detailed review of multimodal discourse analysis(hereafter MDA) in modern linguistics and some previous researches on textbookdiscourse.Then it further outlines what have already been done on textbook discourse from the perspective of MDA.展开更多
In recent years,with the rapid advancement of digital technologies,digitization in vocational education has become a major trend.Among these advancements,digital textbooks have emerged at the forefront of digitization...In recent years,with the rapid advancement of digital technologies,digitization in vocational education has become a major trend.Among these advancements,digital textbooks have emerged at the forefront of digitization,significantly impacting both their form and content.This article aims to analyze the existing issues in the use of digital textbooks in vocational education and emphasize the importance of recognizing the vital role of teachers in the wave of digital textbook innovation.It is crucial to clarify the role and positioning of teachers to avoid inadvertently diminishing their classroom significance while prioritizing technological innovations.Teachers should fully leverage the role of digital textbooks as tools for organizing classroom activities and recognize the core and essence of classroom teaching as digital technologies enter the scope of vocational education.By doing so,teachers can contribute to the high-quality development of modern vocational education.展开更多
This essay attempts to aim English teachers to evaluate and adapt the current English textbooks. According to different levels and majors of the students,English teachers can enhance the teaching materials and their t...This essay attempts to aim English teachers to evaluate and adapt the current English textbooks. According to different levels and majors of the students,English teachers can enhance the teaching materials and their teaching skills. This paper would provide several useful techniques for teachers to make evaluations and adaptations of using teaching materials.展开更多
Readability is a fundamental problem in textbooks assessment.For low resources languages(LRL),however,little investigation has been done on the readability of textbook.In this paper,we proposed a readability assessmen...Readability is a fundamental problem in textbooks assessment.For low resources languages(LRL),however,little investigation has been done on the readability of textbook.In this paper,we proposed a readability assessment method for Tibetan textbook(a low resource language).We extract features based on the information that are gotten by Tibetan segmentation and named entity recognition.Then,we calculate the correlation of different features using Pearson Correlation Coefficient and select some feature sets to design the readability formula.Fit detection,F test and T test are applied on these selected features to generate a new readability assessment formula.Experiment shows that this new formula is capable of assessing the readability of Tibetan textbooks.展开更多
The paper investigates Saudi English textbooks in order to trace the ways in which culture was dealt with in the English curriculum in the last 33 years. To this end, the three textbooks which were published one after...The paper investigates Saudi English textbooks in order to trace the ways in which culture was dealt with in the English curriculum in the last 33 years. To this end, the three textbooks which were published one after another for the third-grade secondary school students in the last three decades were analyzed. The paper finds that in the first book published in 1982, the writer introduced only those cultural elements from outside Saudi Arabia, which could be subordinated to the self-enclosed cohesive Saudi national culture that rested and was shaped on and around the faith of Islam. The same cultural pattern is maintained in the second book published in 1998, but in the third book published in 2013, a huge number of western and multicultural elements were accommodated without any attempt to assimilate them to Saudi national culture. The paper concludes that in these textbooks, culture was taken either as Parsons＇s ＂system＂--pattern-maintaining national culture-or as Rothkopf＇s and Friedman＇s ＂pattern-breaking＂ western culture, but it was seldom treated as Bauman＇s ＂matrix＂.展开更多
Vocabulary acquisition is a foundation of second language acquisition.How to memorize vocabulary effectively is a troubling issue both for learners and teachers.The experiments show that the more closely connected bet...Vocabulary acquisition is a foundation of second language acquisition.How to memorize vocabulary effectively is a troubling issue both for learners and teachers.The experiments show that the more closely connected between pair words,the higher rate of recurrence with correctness.Focusing on the connection of morphemes in Chinese vocabulary teaching can accelerate students'memories of new words.The author believes morpheme teaching is also evidently effective for those Chinese learners using Chinese characters in Japan.However,after examining the order of words with same morphemes in 14 elementary Chinese textbooks,the authors found that current textbooks have not provided a list of words with same morpheme thus imposing learners'memory burden due to learning repetitive words.Meanwhile,this paper proposes"radial networks"among morphemes with same words,also promotes the expansion of vocabulary by morpheme association.展开更多
We intend to establish how species diversity is dealt with, within the study of the ecosystem, in books for the 4th year of Compulsory Secondary Education, ESO （15-16 year-old students）. The analysis was carried out...We intend to establish how species diversity is dealt with, within the study of the ecosystem, in books for the 4th year of Compulsory Secondary Education, ESO （15-16 year-old students）. The analysis was carried out using a key issues dossier based on school science, which not only provides a description of reality, but also introduces a theoretical explanatory framework. Regarding species diversity, we focused on the descriptive approach, considering the link between diversity and trophic relationships, ecological succession and ecosystem stability through change, consequences for biodiversity of human activities and mechanisms to face such consequences; and on the explanatory perspective, which provides an interpretative answer for all the aspects previously mentioned. The findings drawn from textbooks show that biodiversity is linked both to the study of the ecosystem and to the impact of human societies on its maintenance. However, such study is particularly focused on the descriptive, rather than on the explanatory level. So, teachers should improve the study of biodiversity foresting a balance between descriptive and explanatory level.展开更多
Flexible and original thinking is the key to outstanding textbooks design. In order to teach English effectively, this paper discusses the changes, features and the effect of the function of new English textbooks and ...Flexible and original thinking is the key to outstanding textbooks design. In order to teach English effectively, this paper discusses the changes, features and the effect of the function of new English textbooks and the strategies of addressing the problems arising between foreign and native English textbooks, and offers a framework for students that is not restrictive but allows them to develop their own individual learning process without the restrictions that teachers encounter so often in prescriptive teaching.展开更多
This study examines the depth of information regarding Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)/Female Cutting (FC) present in US medical textbooks. According to Klein et al. (2018) [1], despite substantial attention regarding...This study examines the depth of information regarding Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)/Female Cutting (FC) present in US medical textbooks. According to Klein et al. (2018) [1], despite substantial attention regarding the effects of FGM, this practice is still ongoing all over the world. Healthcare providers are very important actors who need to understand FGM in order to provide care to girls and women subjected to it, but the small amount of existing work in this area shows a low level of knowledge and training about FGM/FC among U.S. physicians. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) first published the estimated number of girls at risk of FGM/FC in the U.S. to be about 168,000 in 1997;that number had increased to 513,000 girls in the US by 2012 (according to Goldberg et al.) In this study, a small sample of medical textbooks were analyzed for the degree to which the textbooks include information regarding FGM/FC. The results of this study show that US medical textbooks do not include information regarding FGM/FC, suggesting that most medical providers don’t have knowledge and training about FGM/FC. The inadequate information on FGM/FC in medical textbooks reflects a culturally biased lack of recognition of the number of girls and women affected in the US. This maintains an ongoing pattern of silence that reinforces gender inequality. Considering the inadequate information covered in US medical textbooks on FGM/FC, and the concordant lack of provider training to provide advice and care to affected girls and women, incorrect and missed diagnoses may lead to harm to victims of FGM/FC. Providers would be better equipped to care for women and girls if their medical training included information regarding FGM/FC.展开更多
With the development of maritime English teaching, there is a greater demand of high quality maritime English textbooks. This is a reflection of the diversification of new generation maritime English textbooks. But it...With the development of maritime English teaching, there is a greater demand of high quality maritime English textbooks. This is a reflection of the diversification of new generation maritime English textbooks. But it also brings forth the principles for the textbook compilation. Maritime English textbook construction should adhere to the principle of the cultivation in students＇ listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation and incorporate the linguistic theories, teaching concepts and the understanding of classroom teaching and students＇ learning, so that the students will continue to improve their English levels in the process of learning the special knowledge. Therefore, the problem we faced with is to make the scientific and rational principles and compile textbooks that suit the practice of maritime English teaching and learning.展开更多
Having paramount importance in any ESP （English for Special Purpose） classroom, textbooks are known as one of the most visible parts of any ESP teaching program. Enjoying an undeniable position, essentially in the s...Having paramount importance in any ESP （English for Special Purpose） classroom, textbooks are known as one of the most visible parts of any ESP teaching program. Enjoying an undeniable position, essentially in the societies where English is used as the second or foreign language, such textbooks should have some features on which the needs and objectives of the ESP teaching program are met. Concerning such an importance, this paper intends to evaluate critically the current status of the Iranian ESP textbooks developed and published by The Organization for Research and Compiling University Textbooks in Humanities （SAMT）, as the main governmental organization in studying and compiling ESP university textbooks. Obtaining such an end, it tries： （1） to present the importance of ESP materials development; （2） to provide a clear picture of ESP and ESP materials development in Iran; （3） to introduce the essential drawbacks which such textbooks suffer from; and （4） to present some practical suggestions and solutions to tackle the significant problems and drawbacks of the current ESP textbooks practiced in the Iranian academic setting.展开更多
As an important part of physical education in regular colleges and universities, gymnastics has played an active role in the development of physical education in colleges and universities. Gymnastics textbooks used in...As an important part of physical education in regular colleges and universities, gymnastics has played an active role in the development of physical education in colleges and universities. Gymnastics textbooks used in regular colleges and universities has experienced decades of development and needs to be revised and improved under the current physical education situation in colleges and universities, so as to make the content more suitable for needs of college students. This paper adopts literature review, comparative analysis and statistics analysis method to study on the existing gymnastics textbook for physical education major in regular colleges and universities in China by combing development of textbook, summarizing the content and structure, exploring problems existing in the design of textbook in recent years, and then proposing certain improvement suggestions on gymnastics textbook for physical education major.展开更多
The focus of this study is to investigate the school textbooks of Greek Language, particular emphasis being paid on the search via their content of the level of emergence of the Rights of the Child. The research focus...The focus of this study is to investigate the school textbooks of Greek Language, particular emphasis being paid on the search via their content of the level of emergence of the Rights of the Child. The research focuses on the specific topic, as school textbooks are utilized at the most during schooling and also, as they constitute the basis for the linguistic transfer of messages, values, and attitudes, which are used in all subjects and in the majority of teaching activities and actions. In addition, school textbooks of Greek Language contribute significantly to the cultural understanding and development of the child. This whole dimension is attempted to be highlighted in the present study, the main outcome of which is that via the school textbooks of Greek Language of the last three grades of the Greek Primary School, the emergence of the Rights of the Child is attempted at a satisfactory level. The present research is an empirical approach to textbooks of Greek Language of Greek Primary School on the Rights of the Child and it is innovative, for being the first evaluative approach on the aforementioned issue, since the last review of school textbooks in the Greek.展开更多
文摘This study first analyzes four distinct forms of Fujian folk dance,highlighting the notable differences in their cultural characteristics and dance qualities.It then categorizes these dance forms to align with textbook construction,discussing in depth the principles guiding the development of textbooks that correspond to these classifications.
文摘BACKGROUND Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy(LDP)has emerged as the preferred approach for both benign and malignant lesions located in the pancreatic body and tail.Nevertheless,a notable deficiency persists in the absence of a standardized,procedure-specific metric for evaluating and comparing surgical quality.A composite measure termed“textbook outcome(TO)”,which encompasses key short-term endpoints,has been validated in laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy but has not yet been established in dedicated LDP cohorts.The definition and prediction of TO in this context could aid in facilitating cross-institutional benchmarking and fostering advancements in quality improvement.AIM To establish procedure-specific criteria for TO and identify independent predictors of TO failure in patients undergoing LDP.METHODS Consecutive patients who underwent LDP at a single high-volume pancreatic center between January 2015 and August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.TO was defined as the absence of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula(grade B/C),post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage(grade B/C),severe complications(Clavien-Dindo≥III),readmission within 30 days,and in-hospital or 30-day mortality.Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify independent predictors of TO failure,and a nomogram was constructed and internally validated.RESULTS Among 405 eligible patients,286(70.6%)attained TO.Multivariable analysis revealed that female sex[odds ratio(OR)=0.62,95%confidence interval(CI):0.39-0.99]conferred a protective effect,while preoperative endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(OR=2.66,95%CI:1.05-6.73),pancreatic portal hypertension(OR=2.81,95%CI:1.06-7.45),and cystic-solid(OR=2.51,95%CI:1.34-4.69)or solid lesions(OR=1.91,95%CI:1.06-3.44)were independently associated with TO failure(all P<0.05).The derived nomogram exhibited modest discrimination and calibration when assessed in both the training and validation datasets.CONCLUSION The proposed LDP-specific definition of TO is feasible and discriminative,and the developed nomogram provides an objective tool for individualized risk assessment.
基金The 2026 Annual Project for the Improvement of Educational and Research Capabilities of Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Guangdong Province titled"Breaking Boundaries,Integration,and Empowerment:Innovative Practice Research on Teacher Training Courses for the Synergy of Aesthetic Education and Moral Education"(Host:Wenjiang Zhang)。
文摘As a key carrier for the implementation of the core quality of"aesthetic creativity",the effective realization of the aesthetic value of language textbook illustrations is facing the real problems of practical disconnection and theoretical gap.Based on the theories of semiotics,embodied cognition and cultural reproduction,this paper innovatively puts forward the concept of"transformation mechanism of aesthetic education",constructs a three-phase The study analyzes the dynamic transformation process of illustrations from image symbols to students'aesthetic experience.The study explains the essential characteristics of illustration as a dual symbolic system of"likenessregulation",reveals the cognitive ladder of"perception-cognition-creation"and the path of realization of embodied cognition,and points out that the current aesthetic education of illustration has the problem of instrumentalization,and that the current aesthetic education of illustration has the problem of instrumentalization.The study points out that the current aesthetic education of illustrations is plagued by instrumental alienation,cultural hegemony and aesthetic flattening,and proposes a"three-in-one"education path from the dimensions of teachers,teaching materials and culture,including improving teachers'aesthetic education,reconstructing the principles of teaching materials and dynamic revision mechanism,and constructing classroom aesthetic education communities.The study provides new perspectives and practical guidance for exploring the aesthetic value of language textbook illustrations and bridging the gap between the theories of aesthetics and pedagogy,aiming to promote the return of aesthetic education to the nature of"reconstruction of experience",and to cultivate students'aesthetic literacy and sound personality.
文摘This paper presents four teaching techniques of activating the textbook for intensive reading which include:injecting contemporary elements into the text,relating the text to students' life,questioning about the text challengingly and ingeniously,and spicing up the text.
文摘The appraisal of textbooks not only before selection, but also after they have been used, is a valuable exercise for any teacher. It provides a greater perception of the book's strengths and weaknesses, which enables the teacher to focus on the weak points and adapt or supplement them accordingly. The paper will provide a detailed evaluation of an EFL textbook focusing on cultural assumptions considering the cultural content and methodology with reference to a specific teaching context by discussing the various aspects of culture reflected in the various components as well as the type of methodology and syllabus design the book follows. Finally, implication and adaptation of this textbook will be argued.
文摘Textbooks, as one of the important elements for the teaching effects and students' training aim and quality are the main carri-er and means for the realization of teaching objectives. The paper analyzes the problems of currently-used textbooks at the followingthree aspects, textbook users, compiling styles and contents, based on 31 popular English writing textbooks used at Polytechnics as re-search subjects. Aiming to improve textbook quality and English teaching reform at Polytechnics, the paper also puts forward the ideasof compiling English writing textbooks on the basis of Feuerstein's theory.
文摘With the rapid development of modern technology,textbooks have been undergoing great changes from the traditionallypaper-based form to the multimodal form.Multimodality has become a major feature of textbook discourse.Multimodal discourseanalysis is a new approach to discourse analysis based on the semiotic theory of systemic functional linguistics.This paper providesa detailed review of multimodal discourse analysis(hereafter MDA) in modern linguistics and some previous researches on textbookdiscourse.Then it further outlines what have already been done on textbook discourse from the perspective of MDA.
基金Hunan Vocational Education Teaching Reform Research Project(Project number:ZJGB2022427)Hunan Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Project(Project number:22B0963)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Project number:2023JJ60189)。
文摘In recent years,with the rapid advancement of digital technologies,digitization in vocational education has become a major trend.Among these advancements,digital textbooks have emerged at the forefront of digitization,significantly impacting both their form and content.This article aims to analyze the existing issues in the use of digital textbooks in vocational education and emphasize the importance of recognizing the vital role of teachers in the wave of digital textbook innovation.It is crucial to clarify the role and positioning of teachers to avoid inadvertently diminishing their classroom significance while prioritizing technological innovations.Teachers should fully leverage the role of digital textbooks as tools for organizing classroom activities and recognize the core and essence of classroom teaching as digital technologies enter the scope of vocational education.By doing so,teachers can contribute to the high-quality development of modern vocational education.
文摘This essay attempts to aim English teachers to evaluate and adapt the current English textbooks. According to different levels and majors of the students,English teachers can enhance the teaching materials and their teaching skills. This paper would provide several useful techniques for teachers to make evaluations and adaptations of using teaching materials.
基金This work was supported by the China National Natural Science Foundation No.(61331013)the Young faculty scientific research ability promotion program of Minzu University of China.
文摘Readability is a fundamental problem in textbooks assessment.For low resources languages(LRL),however,little investigation has been done on the readability of textbook.In this paper,we proposed a readability assessment method for Tibetan textbook(a low resource language).We extract features based on the information that are gotten by Tibetan segmentation and named entity recognition.Then,we calculate the correlation of different features using Pearson Correlation Coefficient and select some feature sets to design the readability formula.Fit detection,F test and T test are applied on these selected features to generate a new readability assessment formula.Experiment shows that this new formula is capable of assessing the readability of Tibetan textbooks.
文摘The paper investigates Saudi English textbooks in order to trace the ways in which culture was dealt with in the English curriculum in the last 33 years. To this end, the three textbooks which were published one after another for the third-grade secondary school students in the last three decades were analyzed. The paper finds that in the first book published in 1982, the writer introduced only those cultural elements from outside Saudi Arabia, which could be subordinated to the self-enclosed cohesive Saudi national culture that rested and was shaped on and around the faith of Islam. The same cultural pattern is maintained in the second book published in 1998, but in the third book published in 2013, a huge number of western and multicultural elements were accommodated without any attempt to assimilate them to Saudi national culture. The paper concludes that in these textbooks, culture was taken either as Parsons＇s ＂system＂--pattern-maintaining national culture-or as Rothkopf＇s and Friedman＇s ＂pattern-breaking＂ western culture, but it was seldom treated as Bauman＇s ＂matrix＂.
文摘Vocabulary acquisition is a foundation of second language acquisition.How to memorize vocabulary effectively is a troubling issue both for learners and teachers.The experiments show that the more closely connected between pair words,the higher rate of recurrence with correctness.Focusing on the connection of morphemes in Chinese vocabulary teaching can accelerate students'memories of new words.The author believes morpheme teaching is also evidently effective for those Chinese learners using Chinese characters in Japan.However,after examining the order of words with same morphemes in 14 elementary Chinese textbooks,the authors found that current textbooks have not provided a list of words with same morpheme thus imposing learners'memory burden due to learning repetitive words.Meanwhile,this paper proposes"radial networks"among morphemes with same words,also promotes the expansion of vocabulary by morpheme association.
文摘We intend to establish how species diversity is dealt with, within the study of the ecosystem, in books for the 4th year of Compulsory Secondary Education, ESO （15-16 year-old students）. The analysis was carried out using a key issues dossier based on school science, which not only provides a description of reality, but also introduces a theoretical explanatory framework. Regarding species diversity, we focused on the descriptive approach, considering the link between diversity and trophic relationships, ecological succession and ecosystem stability through change, consequences for biodiversity of human activities and mechanisms to face such consequences; and on the explanatory perspective, which provides an interpretative answer for all the aspects previously mentioned. The findings drawn from textbooks show that biodiversity is linked both to the study of the ecosystem and to the impact of human societies on its maintenance. However, such study is particularly focused on the descriptive, rather than on the explanatory level. So, teachers should improve the study of biodiversity foresting a balance between descriptive and explanatory level.
文摘Flexible and original thinking is the key to outstanding textbooks design. In order to teach English effectively, this paper discusses the changes, features and the effect of the function of new English textbooks and the strategies of addressing the problems arising between foreign and native English textbooks, and offers a framework for students that is not restrictive but allows them to develop their own individual learning process without the restrictions that teachers encounter so often in prescriptive teaching.
文摘This study examines the depth of information regarding Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)/Female Cutting (FC) present in US medical textbooks. According to Klein et al. (2018) [1], despite substantial attention regarding the effects of FGM, this practice is still ongoing all over the world. Healthcare providers are very important actors who need to understand FGM in order to provide care to girls and women subjected to it, but the small amount of existing work in this area shows a low level of knowledge and training about FGM/FC among U.S. physicians. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) first published the estimated number of girls at risk of FGM/FC in the U.S. to be about 168,000 in 1997;that number had increased to 513,000 girls in the US by 2012 (according to Goldberg et al.) In this study, a small sample of medical textbooks were analyzed for the degree to which the textbooks include information regarding FGM/FC. The results of this study show that US medical textbooks do not include information regarding FGM/FC, suggesting that most medical providers don’t have knowledge and training about FGM/FC. The inadequate information on FGM/FC in medical textbooks reflects a culturally biased lack of recognition of the number of girls and women affected in the US. This maintains an ongoing pattern of silence that reinforces gender inequality. Considering the inadequate information covered in US medical textbooks on FGM/FC, and the concordant lack of provider training to provide advice and care to affected girls and women, incorrect and missed diagnoses may lead to harm to victims of FGM/FC. Providers would be better equipped to care for women and girls if their medical training included information regarding FGM/FC.
文摘With the development of maritime English teaching, there is a greater demand of high quality maritime English textbooks. This is a reflection of the diversification of new generation maritime English textbooks. But it also brings forth the principles for the textbook compilation. Maritime English textbook construction should adhere to the principle of the cultivation in students＇ listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation and incorporate the linguistic theories, teaching concepts and the understanding of classroom teaching and students＇ learning, so that the students will continue to improve their English levels in the process of learning the special knowledge. Therefore, the problem we faced with is to make the scientific and rational principles and compile textbooks that suit the practice of maritime English teaching and learning.
文摘Having paramount importance in any ESP （English for Special Purpose） classroom, textbooks are known as one of the most visible parts of any ESP teaching program. Enjoying an undeniable position, essentially in the societies where English is used as the second or foreign language, such textbooks should have some features on which the needs and objectives of the ESP teaching program are met. Concerning such an importance, this paper intends to evaluate critically the current status of the Iranian ESP textbooks developed and published by The Organization for Research and Compiling University Textbooks in Humanities （SAMT）, as the main governmental organization in studying and compiling ESP university textbooks. Obtaining such an end, it tries： （1） to present the importance of ESP materials development; （2） to provide a clear picture of ESP and ESP materials development in Iran; （3） to introduce the essential drawbacks which such textbooks suffer from; and （4） to present some practical suggestions and solutions to tackle the significant problems and drawbacks of the current ESP textbooks practiced in the Iranian academic setting.
文摘As an important part of physical education in regular colleges and universities, gymnastics has played an active role in the development of physical education in colleges and universities. Gymnastics textbooks used in regular colleges and universities has experienced decades of development and needs to be revised and improved under the current physical education situation in colleges and universities, so as to make the content more suitable for needs of college students. This paper adopts literature review, comparative analysis and statistics analysis method to study on the existing gymnastics textbook for physical education major in regular colleges and universities in China by combing development of textbook, summarizing the content and structure, exploring problems existing in the design of textbook in recent years, and then proposing certain improvement suggestions on gymnastics textbook for physical education major.
文摘The focus of this study is to investigate the school textbooks of Greek Language, particular emphasis being paid on the search via their content of the level of emergence of the Rights of the Child. The research focuses on the specific topic, as school textbooks are utilized at the most during schooling and also, as they constitute the basis for the linguistic transfer of messages, values, and attitudes, which are used in all subjects and in the majority of teaching activities and actions. In addition, school textbooks of Greek Language contribute significantly to the cultural understanding and development of the child. This whole dimension is attempted to be highlighted in the present study, the main outcome of which is that via the school textbooks of Greek Language of the last three grades of the Greek Primary School, the emergence of the Rights of the Child is attempted at a satisfactory level. The present research is an empirical approach to textbooks of Greek Language of Greek Primary School on the Rights of the Child and it is innovative, for being the first evaluative approach on the aforementioned issue, since the last review of school textbooks in the Greek.
