Molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs)are a kind of synthetic receptors possessing wide application prospects in proteins recognition.However,there are still great challenges in proteins imprinting due to their large si...Molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs)are a kind of synthetic receptors possessing wide application prospects in proteins recognition.However,there are still great challenges in proteins imprinting due to their large size and easy conformation change.In this study,we explored epitope-oriented MIP based on host-vip interaction(hg-MIP)and constructed a novel hg-MIP-SERS(surface-enhanced Raman scatting)approach for efficiently recognizing the terminal epitopes of neuron-specific enolase(NSE),a well-known disease biomarker for small cell lung cancer,neuroblstom,and Alzheimer's disease.The C-and N-terminal epitopes of NSE were modified with 4-(phenylazo)benzoic acid,then they were used as the templates and immobilized onβ-cyclodextrin-functionalized substrates.The imprinted layer was formed by polymerization of various functional monomers.Combined with SERS detection,an antibody-free sandwich assay based on hg-MIP was successfully used to detect the concentration of NSE in human serums,with the advantages of simple operation,small sample volume(5μL),wide linear range(1–10^(4)ng/m L)and a limit of detection as low as 0.01 ng/m L.The developed epitope-oriented hg-MIP-SERS approach can also be extended to other proteins,expanding the imprinting method of proteins,and has a broad development space in the field of protein separation and detection.展开更多
BACKGROUND Silicosis is a type of chronic pulmonary fibrosis caused by long-term inhalation of silica dust particles.There has been no ideal biomarker for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of silicosis until no...BACKGROUND Silicosis is a type of chronic pulmonary fibrosis caused by long-term inhalation of silica dust particles.There has been no ideal biomarker for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of silicosis until now.Studies have found that elevated neuron-specific enolase(NSE)concentration in the serum of silicosis patients is helpful for diagnosis and severity assessment of the disease.However,the number of cases in these studies was not enough to arouse attention.AIM To investigate the clinical significance of serum NSE in the diagnosis and staging of silicosis.METHODS From January 2017 to June 2019,326 cases of silicosis confirmed in Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University were included in the silicosis group.A total of 328 healthy individuals or medical patients without silicosis were included in the control group.Serum NSE concentrations of all subjects were determined by electrochemical luminescence.RESULTS There were no significant differences in sex,age,smoking index and complications between the silicosis and control groups.The mean serum NSE concentration was 26.57±20.95 ng/mL in the silicosis group and 12.42±2.68 ng/mL in the control group.The difference between the two groups was significant(U=15187,P=0.000).Among the 326 patients with silicosis,103 had stage I silicosis,and the mean serum NSE concentration was 15.55±6.23 ng/mL.The mean serum NSE concentration was 21.85±12.05 ng/mL in 70 patients with stage II silicosis.The mean serum NSE concentration was 36.14±25.72 ng/mL in 153 patients with stage III silicosis.Kruskal-Wallis H test suggested that the difference in serum NSE concentration in silicosis patients in the three groups was significant(H=130.196,P=0.000).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve was 0.858(95%confidence interval:0.828-0.888;P=0.000).When the NSE concentration was 15.82 ng/mL,the Jorden index was the largest,the sensitivity was 72%,and the specificity was 90%.CONCLUSION Serum NSE concentration may be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and assessment of severity of silicosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that transplantation of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）-modified neural stem cells （NSC） provides better outcomes, compared with neural stem cells, in the treatme...BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that transplantation of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）-modified neural stem cells （NSC） provides better outcomes, compared with neural stem cells, in the treatment of brain damage. OBJECTIVE： To compare the effects of VEGF-modified NSC transplantation and NSC transplantation on radiation-induced brain injury, and to determine neuron-specific enolase （NSE） expression in the brain. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled study was performed at the Linbaixin Experimental Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China from November 2007 to October 2008. MATERIALS： VEGF-modified C17.2 NSCs were supplied by Harvard Medical School, USA. Streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase-complex kit （Boster, China） and 5, 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester （Fluka, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： A total of 84 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a blank control group （n = 20）, model group （n = 20）, NSC group （n = 20）, and a VEGF-modified NSC group （n = 24）. Rat models of radiation-induced brain injury were established in the model, NSC, and VEGF-modified NSC groups. At 1 week following model induction, 10 pL （5 ×10^4 cells/μL） VEGF-modified NSCs or NSCs were respectively infused into the striatum and cerebral cortex of rats from the VEGF-modified NSC and NSC groups. A total of 10μL saline was injected into rats from the blank control and model groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： NSE expression in the brain was detected by immunohistochemistry following VEGF-modified NSC transplantation. RESULTS： NSE expression was significantly decreased in the brains of radiation-induced brain injury rats （P 〈 0.05）. The number of NSE-positive neurons significantly increased in the NSC and VEGF-modified NSC groups, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.05）. NSE expression significantly increased in the VEGF-modified NSC group, compared with the NSC group, at 6 weeks following transplantation （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： VEGF-modified NSC transplantation increased NSE expression in rats with radiation-induced brain injury, and the outcomes were superior to NSC transplantation.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects...BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the neuroprotective effects of flunarizine （FNZ）, lamotrigine （LTG） and the combination of both drugs, on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in fetal rats. DESIGN AND SETTING： This randomized, complete block design was performed at the Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Fourth People＇s Hospital, Guangdong Medical College. MATERIALS： Forty pregnant Wistar rats, at gestational day 20, were selected for the experiment and were randomly divided into FNZ, LTG, FNZ ＋ LTG, and model groups, with 10 rats in each group. METHODS： Rats in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups received intragastric injections of FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d）, LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, and FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d） ＋ LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, respectively. Drugs were administered once a day for 3 days prior to induction of hypoxia-ischemia. Rats in the model group were not administered any drugs. Three hours after the final administration, eight pregnant rats from each group underwent model establishment hypoxia-ischemia brain damage to the fetal rats. Cesareans were performed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours later; and 5 fetal rats were removed from each mother and kept warm. Two fetuses without model establishment were removed by planned cesarean at the same time and served as controls. A total of 0.3 mL serum was collected from fetal rats at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, following birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Serum protein concentrations of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 were measured by ELISA. Serum concentrations of brain-specific creatine kinase were measured using an electrogenerated chemiluminescence method. RESULTS： Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly higher in the hypoxic-ischemic fetal rats, compared with the non-hypoxic-ischemic group. Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly less in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups following ischemia, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.01）. However, these values were significantly greater in the FNZ and LTG groups, compared with the FNZ ＋ LTG group, following ischemia （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Preventive antenatal use of oral FNZ and LTG has positive neuroprotective effects on intrauterine hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. The combined effect of these two drugs is superior.展开更多
Purpose: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) of containing γ-enolase is considered valuable in the diagnosis of tumours of neuroectodermal origin.Method : We used rapid electrophoretic method on cellulose acetate plate to ...Purpose: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) of containing γ-enolase is considered valuable in the diagnosis of tumours of neuroectodermal origin.Method : We used rapid electrophoretic method on cellulose acetate plate to determine the pattern of enolase isoenzymes in 21 aqueous humor and 23 serum specimens from retinoblastoma (Rb) and 21 aqueous and 25 serum specimens from 25 control cases to evaluate NSE in the diagnosis of Rb. The assay allowed assessment of all three major isoenzymes (aa,aγ and γγ),and NSE relative activity and its percentage in the total relative activity of the three enolase isoenzymes were assessed by means of fluorometer.Result: Aqueous from all patients with Rb contained aa,ar and rr isoenzymes and presented strong postitive, the positive rate of NSE being 100% and its relative activity accounting for 45 ± 9% of the total relative activity of the 3 enolase isoenzymes; No enolase was detectable in control aqueous with cataract, glaucoma and Coats's diseases (4 cases),but in two展开更多
Purpose:Mild traumatic brain injury(TBI)is common but accurate diagnosis and its clinical consequences have been a problem.Maxillofacial trauma does have an association with TBI.Neuron-specific enolase(NSE)has been de...Purpose:Mild traumatic brain injury(TBI)is common but accurate diagnosis and its clinical consequences have been a problem.Maxillofacial trauma does have an association with TBI.Neuron-specific enolase(NSE)has been developed to evaluate neuronl damage.The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of NSE serum levels to detect mild brain injury of patients with sustained maxillofacial fractures during motor vehicle accidents.Methods:Blood samples were drawn from 40 healthy people(control group)and 48 trauma patients who has sustained isolated maxillofacial fractures and mild brain injury in motor vehicle accidents.Brain injuries were graded by Glasgow Coma Scale.In the trauma group,correlations between the NSE serum value and different facial fracture sites were also assessed.Results:The NSE serum level(mean±SD,ng/ml)in the 48 patients with maxillofacial fractures and mild TBI was 13.12±9.68,significantly higher than that measured in the healthy control group(7.72±1.82,p<0.001).The mean NSE serum level(ng/ml)in the lower part of the facial skeleton(15.44 with SD 15.34)was higher than that in the upper facial part(12.42 with SD 7.68);and the mean NSE level(ng/ml)in the middle-and lower part(11.97 with SD 5.63)was higher than in the middle part(7.88 with SD 2.64).Conclusion:An increase in NSE serum levels can be observed in patients sustained maxillofacial fractures and mild brain injury.展开更多
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in 39 patients with ischemic stroke and 15 controls. There was a significant increase of CSF NSE in acute ischemic stroke patients as com...Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in 39 patients with ischemic stroke and 15 controls. There was a significant increase of CSF NSE in acute ischemic stroke patients as compared with the controls. The altered CSF NSE levels correlated well with the infarct size in CT scan. The CSF NSE levels were higher in 6-multiinfarct dementia (MID) patients who were diagnosed after 6-month follow-up than those in 22 non-MID patients of this series. Our research supports the view that CSF NSE can be a useful biochemical marker for brain ischemia. The importance of CSF NSE in the study of dementia related to ischemic stroke is worth further studies.展开更多
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.It mainly consists of 2 histological types:small cell lung cancer(SCLC)and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC,including squamous cell carcinoma and adeno...Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.It mainly consists of 2 histological types:small cell lung cancer(SCLC)and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC,including squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma).The present study aimed to assess the role of serum progastrin-releasing peptide(ProGRP),neuron-specific enolase(NSE),and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and their combinations in the histological diagnosis of lung cancer(specially SCLC),which is of great importance for the initiation of treatment and prognostic implications.Serum ProGRP,NSE,and CEA were determined by the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA)in 66 patients with SCLC,73 with adenocarcinoma,44 with squamous cell carcinoma,45 with non-malignant pulmonary diseases,and 50 healthy controls.Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to compare the predictive ability of each biochemical marker and their combined detection models to discriminate among the patients with lung cancers of different histological groups,benign pulmonary diseases and healthy individuals.In the ECLIA detection system,ProGRP showed the sensitivity and specificity for SCLC diagnosis were 71.2%and 91.1%to 93.2%,respectively.Among the markers,the largest area under the ROCs was for ProGRP in discriminating SCLC from benign pulmonary diseases,squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma(0.815,0.859,and 0.835,respectively),which indicated that ProGRP was the most efficient marker for identifying SCLC.Besides,ProGRP and NSE exhibited almost equivalent diagnostic performance in discriminating SCLC from benign diseases.As for squamous cell carcinoma,we recommended proGRP,while for adenocarcinoma,the combination of proGRP and CEA was preferred.Remarkably,when ProGRP≤66pg/mL,CEA was of great value in diagnosing SCLC and adenocarcinoma.If CEA≤5ng/mL,the patient was at higher risk for SCLC,whereas the patient was more likely to be diagnosed with adenocarcinoma.Our study provided promising information about the diagnostic values of serum ProGRP,NSE,CEA in distinguishing SCLC from benign pulmonary diseases and NSCLC,which was of crucial clinical significance in the early diagnosis and therapy of SCLC.展开更多
Submergence can induce anaerobic stress on germinating seedlings in direct seeded rice paddy fields,limiting the practice of direct seeding.Longer coleoptiles improves the anaerobic tolerance of rice seedlings under s...Submergence can induce anaerobic stress on germinating seedlings in direct seeded rice paddy fields,limiting the practice of direct seeding.Longer coleoptiles improves the anaerobic tolerance of rice seedlings under submerged conditions.In a search for genes that could be beneficial for developing submergence-tolerant varieties 148 non-repetitive SNP loci were detected in on a genome-wide association study(GWAS)of coleoptile length(CL),coleoptile surface area(CSA),coleoptile volume(CV),and coleoptile diameter(CD)of 591 rice accessions subjected to 4 d of anaerobic conditions.Integration of GWAS results and gene expression data identified OsEE1,an early embryogenesis-specific enolase 1 gene associated with coleoptile length(CL)in rice grown in anaerobic conditions.Disruption of OsEE1 caused reduced CL in plants seeded under anaerobic conditions,whereas CL of OE-OsEE1 overexpression lines was significantly increased compared with the wild type.Functional analysis revealed that OsEE1 affects coleoptile length by modulating the glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways.Transcriptome sequencing of ko-osee1-1 knock out mutants highlighted enrichment in energy and carbohydrate metabolism,glycolysis,amino acid metabolism,and hormone signal transduction.Metabolite analysis indicated decreased levels of key metabolites in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis pathways in koosee1-1 mutants compared to the wild type under anaerobic conditions.Overall,these findings shed light on the role of OsEE1 in determination coleoptile length of rice seedlings under anaerobic conditions.展开更多
Objective: To study the association between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and the extent of brain damage and the outcome after acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: The release patterns of serum NSE in 78...Objective: To study the association between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and the extent of brain damage and the outcome after acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: The release patterns of serum NSE in 78 patients after acute TBI were analyzed by using the enzyme linked immunosobent assay. The levels of NSE were compared with Glasgow coma scale, the category of brain injury and the outcome after 6 months of injury. Results: There were different NSE values in patients with minor (12.96 μg/L±2.39 μg/L), moderate (23.44 μg/L±5.33 μg/L) and severe brain injury (42.68 μg/L±4.57 μg/L). After severe TBI, the concentration of NSE in patients with epidural hematomas was 13.38 μg/L±4.01 μg/L, 24.03 μg/L±2.85 μg/L in brain contusion without surgical intervention group, 55.20 μg/L±6.35 μg/L in brain contusion with surgical intervention group, and 83.85 μg/L±15.82 μg/L in diffuse brain swelling group. There were close correlations between NSE values and Glasgow coma scale (r=-0.608, P<0.01) and the extent of brain injury (r=0.75, P<0.01). Patients with poor outcome had significantly higher initial and peak NSE values than those with good outcome (66.40 μg/L±9.46 μg/L, 94.24 μg/L±13.75 μg/L vs 32.16 μg/L±4.21 μg/L, 34.08 μg/L±4.40 μg/L, P<0.01, respectively). Initial NSE values were negatively related to the outcome (r=-0.501, P<0.01). Most patients with poor outcomes had persisting or secondary elevated NSE values. Conclusions: Serum NSE is one of the valuable neurobiochemical markers for assessment of the severity of brain injury and outcome prediction.展开更多
目的细粒棘球绦虫烯醇酶基因(EgEnolase)的克隆和所编码的蛋白质的结构、功能以及应用前景分析。方法利用美国国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)的在线分析工具BLASTx和瑞士生物信息学研究所的蛋白分析专家系统(...目的细粒棘球绦虫烯醇酶基因(EgEnolase)的克隆和所编码的蛋白质的结构、功能以及应用前景分析。方法利用美国国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)的在线分析工具BLASTx和瑞士生物信息学研究所的蛋白分析专家系统(ExPaSy,http://ca.expasy.org/),以及CBS Prediction Servers提供的蛋白序列在线分析工具,结合Vector NTI suite生物信息学分析软件,从GenBank中细粒棘球绦虫的表达序列标签(EST)数据库中发现烯醇酶的5’端和3’端的EST序列,根据预测的编码区两端序列设计引物,从细粒棘球绦虫青海绵羊分离株中用多聚酶链式反应(PCR)方法扩增其基因组序列,PCR产物克隆到T载体,测序并分析序列中的内含子,以内含子两侧序列的合并序列为引物,采用不对称PCR方法去除其中的内含子序列,预测编码蛋白的结构和功能特征,并分析其应用前景。结果细粒棘球绦虫青海绵羊株烯醇酶基因的基因组序列长为1449bp,含有两个长度分别为78bp和69bp的小内含子。该基因编码433个氨基酸;预测其氨基酸序列中含有一段跨膜区(aa104-124),N端在膜外,C端在膜内,恰好分为两个不同的功能域,膜内区是执行酶催化功能的主体,Swiss-Model模建的3D结构显示,膜内区由α螺旋和β折叠相间排列形成桶样结构,底物结合位点、催化中心、Mg2+结合位点等关键位点在空间上紧密靠近,位于桶形结构的中心。该蛋白还有一个潜在的核定位序列aa190-199。该蛋白含有多个T、B细胞表位,且膜外的aa49-57和膜内的aa228-236兼性的T、B细胞表位,线性B细胞表位aa206-213中包含了催化位点Glu210。结论细粒棘球绦虫烯醇酶可能是一个位于虫体皮层表膜具有较好的免疫诊断和疫苗应用前景的膜蛋白,同时还可能进入细胞核调节基因表达。展开更多
基金supported by Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials,Jilin University,China(No.sklssm2024018)。
文摘Molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs)are a kind of synthetic receptors possessing wide application prospects in proteins recognition.However,there are still great challenges in proteins imprinting due to their large size and easy conformation change.In this study,we explored epitope-oriented MIP based on host-vip interaction(hg-MIP)and constructed a novel hg-MIP-SERS(surface-enhanced Raman scatting)approach for efficiently recognizing the terminal epitopes of neuron-specific enolase(NSE),a well-known disease biomarker for small cell lung cancer,neuroblstom,and Alzheimer's disease.The C-and N-terminal epitopes of NSE were modified with 4-(phenylazo)benzoic acid,then they were used as the templates and immobilized onβ-cyclodextrin-functionalized substrates.The imprinted layer was formed by polymerization of various functional monomers.Combined with SERS detection,an antibody-free sandwich assay based on hg-MIP was successfully used to detect the concentration of NSE in human serums,with the advantages of simple operation,small sample volume(5μL),wide linear range(1–10^(4)ng/m L)and a limit of detection as low as 0.01 ng/m L.The developed epitope-oriented hg-MIP-SERS approach can also be extended to other proteins,expanding the imprinting method of proteins,and has a broad development space in the field of protein separation and detection.
基金Supported by Quanzhou Science and Technology Bureau,No.2018N053S.
文摘BACKGROUND Silicosis is a type of chronic pulmonary fibrosis caused by long-term inhalation of silica dust particles.There has been no ideal biomarker for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of silicosis until now.Studies have found that elevated neuron-specific enolase(NSE)concentration in the serum of silicosis patients is helpful for diagnosis and severity assessment of the disease.However,the number of cases in these studies was not enough to arouse attention.AIM To investigate the clinical significance of serum NSE in the diagnosis and staging of silicosis.METHODS From January 2017 to June 2019,326 cases of silicosis confirmed in Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University were included in the silicosis group.A total of 328 healthy individuals or medical patients without silicosis were included in the control group.Serum NSE concentrations of all subjects were determined by electrochemical luminescence.RESULTS There were no significant differences in sex,age,smoking index and complications between the silicosis and control groups.The mean serum NSE concentration was 26.57±20.95 ng/mL in the silicosis group and 12.42±2.68 ng/mL in the control group.The difference between the two groups was significant(U=15187,P=0.000).Among the 326 patients with silicosis,103 had stage I silicosis,and the mean serum NSE concentration was 15.55±6.23 ng/mL.The mean serum NSE concentration was 21.85±12.05 ng/mL in 70 patients with stage II silicosis.The mean serum NSE concentration was 36.14±25.72 ng/mL in 153 patients with stage III silicosis.Kruskal-Wallis H test suggested that the difference in serum NSE concentration in silicosis patients in the three groups was significant(H=130.196,P=0.000).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve was 0.858(95%confidence interval:0.828-0.888;P=0.000).When the NSE concentration was 15.82 ng/mL,the Jorden index was the largest,the sensitivity was 72%,and the specificity was 90%.CONCLUSION Serum NSE concentration may be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and assessment of severity of silicosis.
基金Supported by:the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30870750the Doctor Priming Program of Natural Foundation of Guangdong Province,No. 8451008901000672+1 种基金the Medical Scientific Research Foundation Program of Guangdong Province,No. B2008044the Youth Teacher Foundation Program of Sun Yat-sen University, No,3177915
文摘BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that transplantation of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）-modified neural stem cells （NSC） provides better outcomes, compared with neural stem cells, in the treatment of brain damage. OBJECTIVE： To compare the effects of VEGF-modified NSC transplantation and NSC transplantation on radiation-induced brain injury, and to determine neuron-specific enolase （NSE） expression in the brain. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled study was performed at the Linbaixin Experimental Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China from November 2007 to October 2008. MATERIALS： VEGF-modified C17.2 NSCs were supplied by Harvard Medical School, USA. Streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase-complex kit （Boster, China） and 5, 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester （Fluka, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： A total of 84 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a blank control group （n = 20）, model group （n = 20）, NSC group （n = 20）, and a VEGF-modified NSC group （n = 24）. Rat models of radiation-induced brain injury were established in the model, NSC, and VEGF-modified NSC groups. At 1 week following model induction, 10 pL （5 ×10^4 cells/μL） VEGF-modified NSCs or NSCs were respectively infused into the striatum and cerebral cortex of rats from the VEGF-modified NSC and NSC groups. A total of 10μL saline was injected into rats from the blank control and model groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： NSE expression in the brain was detected by immunohistochemistry following VEGF-modified NSC transplantation. RESULTS： NSE expression was significantly decreased in the brains of radiation-induced brain injury rats （P 〈 0.05）. The number of NSE-positive neurons significantly increased in the NSC and VEGF-modified NSC groups, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.05）. NSE expression significantly increased in the VEGF-modified NSC group, compared with the NSC group, at 6 weeks following transplantation （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： VEGF-modified NSC transplantation increased NSE expression in rats with radiation-induced brain injury, and the outcomes were superior to NSC transplantation.
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Bureau, No.200405204
文摘BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the neuroprotective effects of flunarizine （FNZ）, lamotrigine （LTG） and the combination of both drugs, on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in fetal rats. DESIGN AND SETTING： This randomized, complete block design was performed at the Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Fourth People＇s Hospital, Guangdong Medical College. MATERIALS： Forty pregnant Wistar rats, at gestational day 20, were selected for the experiment and were randomly divided into FNZ, LTG, FNZ ＋ LTG, and model groups, with 10 rats in each group. METHODS： Rats in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups received intragastric injections of FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d）, LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, and FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d） ＋ LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, respectively. Drugs were administered once a day for 3 days prior to induction of hypoxia-ischemia. Rats in the model group were not administered any drugs. Three hours after the final administration, eight pregnant rats from each group underwent model establishment hypoxia-ischemia brain damage to the fetal rats. Cesareans were performed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours later; and 5 fetal rats were removed from each mother and kept warm. Two fetuses without model establishment were removed by planned cesarean at the same time and served as controls. A total of 0.3 mL serum was collected from fetal rats at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, following birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Serum protein concentrations of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 were measured by ELISA. Serum concentrations of brain-specific creatine kinase were measured using an electrogenerated chemiluminescence method. RESULTS： Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly higher in the hypoxic-ischemic fetal rats, compared with the non-hypoxic-ischemic group. Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly less in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups following ischemia, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.01）. However, these values were significantly greater in the FNZ and LTG groups, compared with the FNZ ＋ LTG group, following ischemia （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Preventive antenatal use of oral FNZ and LTG has positive neuroprotective effects on intrauterine hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. The combined effect of these two drugs is superior.
文摘Purpose: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) of containing γ-enolase is considered valuable in the diagnosis of tumours of neuroectodermal origin.Method : We used rapid electrophoretic method on cellulose acetate plate to determine the pattern of enolase isoenzymes in 21 aqueous humor and 23 serum specimens from retinoblastoma (Rb) and 21 aqueous and 25 serum specimens from 25 control cases to evaluate NSE in the diagnosis of Rb. The assay allowed assessment of all three major isoenzymes (aa,aγ and γγ),and NSE relative activity and its percentage in the total relative activity of the three enolase isoenzymes were assessed by means of fluorometer.Result: Aqueous from all patients with Rb contained aa,ar and rr isoenzymes and presented strong postitive, the positive rate of NSE being 100% and its relative activity accounting for 45 ± 9% of the total relative activity of the 3 enolase isoenzymes; No enolase was detectable in control aqueous with cataract, glaucoma and Coats's diseases (4 cases),but in two
文摘Purpose:Mild traumatic brain injury(TBI)is common but accurate diagnosis and its clinical consequences have been a problem.Maxillofacial trauma does have an association with TBI.Neuron-specific enolase(NSE)has been developed to evaluate neuronl damage.The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of NSE serum levels to detect mild brain injury of patients with sustained maxillofacial fractures during motor vehicle accidents.Methods:Blood samples were drawn from 40 healthy people(control group)and 48 trauma patients who has sustained isolated maxillofacial fractures and mild brain injury in motor vehicle accidents.Brain injuries were graded by Glasgow Coma Scale.In the trauma group,correlations between the NSE serum value and different facial fracture sites were also assessed.Results:The NSE serum level(mean±SD,ng/ml)in the 48 patients with maxillofacial fractures and mild TBI was 13.12±9.68,significantly higher than that measured in the healthy control group(7.72±1.82,p<0.001).The mean NSE serum level(ng/ml)in the lower part of the facial skeleton(15.44 with SD 15.34)was higher than that in the upper facial part(12.42 with SD 7.68);and the mean NSE level(ng/ml)in the middle-and lower part(11.97 with SD 5.63)was higher than in the middle part(7.88 with SD 2.64).Conclusion:An increase in NSE serum levels can be observed in patients sustained maxillofacial fractures and mild brain injury.
文摘Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in 39 patients with ischemic stroke and 15 controls. There was a significant increase of CSF NSE in acute ischemic stroke patients as compared with the controls. The altered CSF NSE levels correlated well with the infarct size in CT scan. The CSF NSE levels were higher in 6-multiinfarct dementia (MID) patients who were diagnosed after 6-month follow-up than those in 22 non-MID patients of this series. Our research supports the view that CSF NSE can be a useful biochemical marker for brain ischemia. The importance of CSF NSE in the study of dementia related to ischemic stroke is worth further studies.
基金supported by the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(grantnumber S2013010014007,2014A030313070)Guangdong Province Science&Technology Project Plan&Social Development Foundation(grant number 2010A030400006).
文摘Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.It mainly consists of 2 histological types:small cell lung cancer(SCLC)and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC,including squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma).The present study aimed to assess the role of serum progastrin-releasing peptide(ProGRP),neuron-specific enolase(NSE),and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and their combinations in the histological diagnosis of lung cancer(specially SCLC),which is of great importance for the initiation of treatment and prognostic implications.Serum ProGRP,NSE,and CEA were determined by the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA)in 66 patients with SCLC,73 with adenocarcinoma,44 with squamous cell carcinoma,45 with non-malignant pulmonary diseases,and 50 healthy controls.Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to compare the predictive ability of each biochemical marker and their combined detection models to discriminate among the patients with lung cancers of different histological groups,benign pulmonary diseases and healthy individuals.In the ECLIA detection system,ProGRP showed the sensitivity and specificity for SCLC diagnosis were 71.2%and 91.1%to 93.2%,respectively.Among the markers,the largest area under the ROCs was for ProGRP in discriminating SCLC from benign pulmonary diseases,squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma(0.815,0.859,and 0.835,respectively),which indicated that ProGRP was the most efficient marker for identifying SCLC.Besides,ProGRP and NSE exhibited almost equivalent diagnostic performance in discriminating SCLC from benign diseases.As for squamous cell carcinoma,we recommended proGRP,while for adenocarcinoma,the combination of proGRP and CEA was preferred.Remarkably,when ProGRP≤66pg/mL,CEA was of great value in diagnosing SCLC and adenocarcinoma.If CEA≤5ng/mL,the patient was at higher risk for SCLC,whereas the patient was more likely to be diagnosed with adenocarcinoma.Our study provided promising information about the diagnostic values of serum ProGRP,NSE,CEA in distinguishing SCLC from benign pulmonary diseases and NSCLC,which was of crucial clinical significance in the early diagnosis and therapy of SCLC.
基金supported by the DUS Testing and Database Construction for Rice,Corn and Other Varieties(H20231012)the Analysis of Agronomic and Economic Traits of Superior Rice Varieties(2020KJ382-05).
文摘Submergence can induce anaerobic stress on germinating seedlings in direct seeded rice paddy fields,limiting the practice of direct seeding.Longer coleoptiles improves the anaerobic tolerance of rice seedlings under submerged conditions.In a search for genes that could be beneficial for developing submergence-tolerant varieties 148 non-repetitive SNP loci were detected in on a genome-wide association study(GWAS)of coleoptile length(CL),coleoptile surface area(CSA),coleoptile volume(CV),and coleoptile diameter(CD)of 591 rice accessions subjected to 4 d of anaerobic conditions.Integration of GWAS results and gene expression data identified OsEE1,an early embryogenesis-specific enolase 1 gene associated with coleoptile length(CL)in rice grown in anaerobic conditions.Disruption of OsEE1 caused reduced CL in plants seeded under anaerobic conditions,whereas CL of OE-OsEE1 overexpression lines was significantly increased compared with the wild type.Functional analysis revealed that OsEE1 affects coleoptile length by modulating the glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways.Transcriptome sequencing of ko-osee1-1 knock out mutants highlighted enrichment in energy and carbohydrate metabolism,glycolysis,amino acid metabolism,and hormone signal transduction.Metabolite analysis indicated decreased levels of key metabolites in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis pathways in koosee1-1 mutants compared to the wild type under anaerobic conditions.Overall,these findings shed light on the role of OsEE1 in determination coleoptile length of rice seedlings under anaerobic conditions.
文摘Objective: To study the association between serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and the extent of brain damage and the outcome after acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: The release patterns of serum NSE in 78 patients after acute TBI were analyzed by using the enzyme linked immunosobent assay. The levels of NSE were compared with Glasgow coma scale, the category of brain injury and the outcome after 6 months of injury. Results: There were different NSE values in patients with minor (12.96 μg/L±2.39 μg/L), moderate (23.44 μg/L±5.33 μg/L) and severe brain injury (42.68 μg/L±4.57 μg/L). After severe TBI, the concentration of NSE in patients with epidural hematomas was 13.38 μg/L±4.01 μg/L, 24.03 μg/L±2.85 μg/L in brain contusion without surgical intervention group, 55.20 μg/L±6.35 μg/L in brain contusion with surgical intervention group, and 83.85 μg/L±15.82 μg/L in diffuse brain swelling group. There were close correlations between NSE values and Glasgow coma scale (r=-0.608, P<0.01) and the extent of brain injury (r=0.75, P<0.01). Patients with poor outcome had significantly higher initial and peak NSE values than those with good outcome (66.40 μg/L±9.46 μg/L, 94.24 μg/L±13.75 μg/L vs 32.16 μg/L±4.21 μg/L, 34.08 μg/L±4.40 μg/L, P<0.01, respectively). Initial NSE values were negatively related to the outcome (r=-0.501, P<0.01). Most patients with poor outcomes had persisting or secondary elevated NSE values. Conclusions: Serum NSE is one of the valuable neurobiochemical markers for assessment of the severity of brain injury and outcome prediction.
文摘目的细粒棘球绦虫烯醇酶基因(EgEnolase)的克隆和所编码的蛋白质的结构、功能以及应用前景分析。方法利用美国国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)的在线分析工具BLASTx和瑞士生物信息学研究所的蛋白分析专家系统(ExPaSy,http://ca.expasy.org/),以及CBS Prediction Servers提供的蛋白序列在线分析工具,结合Vector NTI suite生物信息学分析软件,从GenBank中细粒棘球绦虫的表达序列标签(EST)数据库中发现烯醇酶的5’端和3’端的EST序列,根据预测的编码区两端序列设计引物,从细粒棘球绦虫青海绵羊分离株中用多聚酶链式反应(PCR)方法扩增其基因组序列,PCR产物克隆到T载体,测序并分析序列中的内含子,以内含子两侧序列的合并序列为引物,采用不对称PCR方法去除其中的内含子序列,预测编码蛋白的结构和功能特征,并分析其应用前景。结果细粒棘球绦虫青海绵羊株烯醇酶基因的基因组序列长为1449bp,含有两个长度分别为78bp和69bp的小内含子。该基因编码433个氨基酸;预测其氨基酸序列中含有一段跨膜区(aa104-124),N端在膜外,C端在膜内,恰好分为两个不同的功能域,膜内区是执行酶催化功能的主体,Swiss-Model模建的3D结构显示,膜内区由α螺旋和β折叠相间排列形成桶样结构,底物结合位点、催化中心、Mg2+结合位点等关键位点在空间上紧密靠近,位于桶形结构的中心。该蛋白还有一个潜在的核定位序列aa190-199。该蛋白含有多个T、B细胞表位,且膜外的aa49-57和膜内的aa228-236兼性的T、B细胞表位,线性B细胞表位aa206-213中包含了催化位点Glu210。结论细粒棘球绦虫烯醇酶可能是一个位于虫体皮层表膜具有较好的免疫诊断和疫苗应用前景的膜蛋白,同时还可能进入细胞核调节基因表达。
