With the continuous enrichment of mobile communication application scenarios in the future, the traditional macro-cellular-based mobile communication network architecture will be difficult to meet the explosive growth...With the continuous enrichment of mobile communication application scenarios in the future, the traditional macro-cellular-based mobile communication network architecture will be difficult to meet the explosive growth in demand for communications services.展开更多
The off situ accurate reconstruction of the core neutron field is an important step in realizing real-time reactor monitoring.The existing off situ reconstruction method of the neutron field is only applicable to case...The off situ accurate reconstruction of the core neutron field is an important step in realizing real-time reactor monitoring.The existing off situ reconstruction method of the neutron field is only applicable to cases wherein a single region changes at a specified location of the core.However,when the neutron field changes are complex,the accurate identification of the individual changed regions becomes challenging,which seriously affects the accuracy and stability of the neutron field recon-struction.Therefore,this study proposed a dual-task hybrid network architecture(DTHNet)for off situ reconstruction of the core neutron field,which trained the outermost assembly reconstruction task and the core reconstruction task jointly such that the former could assist the latter in the reconstruction of the core neutron field under core complex changes.Furthermore,to exploit the characteristics of the ex-core detection signals,this study designed a global-local feature upsampling module that efficiently distributed the ex-core detection signals to each reconstruction unit to improve the accuracy and stability of reconstruction.Reconstruction experiments were performed on the simulation datasets of the CLEAR-I reactor to verify the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.The results showed that when the location uncertainty of a single region did not exceed nine and the number of multiple changed regions did not exceed five.Further,the reconstructed ARD was within 2%,RD_(max)was maintained within 17.5%,and the number of RD≥10%was maintained within 10.Furthermore,when the noise interference of the ex-core detection signals was within±2%,although the average number of RD≥10%increased to 16,the average ARD was still within in 2%,and the average RD_(max)was within 22%.Collectively,these results show that,theoretically,the DTHNet can accurately and stably reconstruct most of the neutron field under certain complex core changes.展开更多
In Internet of Things(IoT), the devices or terminals are connected with each other, which can be very diverse over the wireless networks. Unfortunately, the current devices are not designed to communicate with the col...In Internet of Things(IoT), the devices or terminals are connected with each other, which can be very diverse over the wireless networks. Unfortunately, the current devices are not designed to communicate with the collocated devices which employ different communication technologies. Consequently, the communication between these devices will be realized only by using the gateway nodes. This will cause the inefficient use of wireless resources. Therefore, in this paper, a smart service system(SSS) architecture is proposed, which consists of smart service terminal(SST), and smart service network(SSN), to realize the Io T in a general environment with diverse communication networks, devices, and services. The proposed architecture has the following advantages: i) the devices in this architecture cover multiple types of terminals and sensor-actuator devices; ii) the communications network therein is a converged network, and will coordinate multiple kinds of existing and emerging networks. This converged network offers ubiquitous access for various sensors and terminals; iii) the architecture has services and applications covering all smart service areas. It also provides theadaptability to new services and applications. A SSS architecture-based smart campus system was developed and deployed. Evaluation experiments of the proposed smart campus system demonstrate the SSS's advantages over the existing counterparts, and verify the effectiveness of the proposed architecture.展开更多
Control signaling is mandatory for the operation and management of all types of communication networks,including the Third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)mobile broadband networks.However,they consume important a...Control signaling is mandatory for the operation and management of all types of communication networks,including the Third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)mobile broadband networks.However,they consume important and scarce network resources such as bandwidth and processing power.There have been several reports of these control signaling turning into signaling storms halting network operations and causing the respective Telecom companies big financial losses.This paper draws its motivation from such real network disaster incidents attributed to signaling storms.In this paper,we present a thorough survey of the causes,of the signaling storm problems in 3GPP-based mobile broadband networks and discuss in detail their possible solutions and countermeasures.We provide relevant analytical models to help quantify the effect of the potential causes and benefits of their corresponding solutions.Another important contribution of this paper is the comparison of the possible causes and solutions/countermeasures,concerning their effect on several important network aspects such as architecture,additional signaling,fidelity,etc.,in the form of a table.This paper presents an update and an extension of our earlier conference publication.To our knowledge,no similar survey study exists on the subject.展开更多
With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and the accumulation of large-scale multi-omics data,deep learning(DL)has emerged as a powerful tool to solve complex biological problems,with part...With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and the accumulation of large-scale multi-omics data,deep learning(DL)has emerged as a powerful tool to solve complex biological problems,with particular promise in plant genomics.This review systematically examines the progress of DL applications in DNA,RNA,and protein sequence analysis,covering key tasks such as gene regulatory element identification,gene function annotation,and protein structure prediction,and highlighting how these DL applications illuminate research of plants,including horticultural plants.We evaluate the advantages of different neural network architectures and their applications in different biology studies,as well as the development of large language models(LLMs)in genomic modelling,such as the plantspecific models PDLLMs and AgroNT.We also briefly introduce the general workflow of the basic DL model for plant genomics study.While DL has significantly improved prediction accuracy in plant genomics,its broader application remains constrained by several challenges,including the limited availability of well-annotated data,computational capacity,innovative model architectures adapted to plant genomes,and model interpretability.Future advances will require interdisciplinary collaborations to develop DL applications for intelligent plant genomic research frameworks with broader applicability.展开更多
Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs) hold promise as next-generation energy storage devices due to the synergy of the advantageous features of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) and supercapacitors(SCs).Recently,the use of nanostruc...Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs) hold promise as next-generation energy storage devices due to the synergy of the advantageous features of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) and supercapacitors(SCs).Recently,the use of nanostructured conjugated carboxylate organic anode materials in LICs has attracted tremendous attention due to their high capacity,excellent capacitive behavior,design flexibility,and environmental friendliness.Nevertheless,no studies have reported the use of non-conjugated organic compounds in LICs.In this study,we report for the first time that non-conjugated adipamide(ADIPAM) nanocrystals fabricated using a dissolution-recrystallization self-assembly technique serve as an excellent anode material for LICs.The unique ADIPAM nanocrystals-PVDF-Super P conductive integrated network architecture accelerates Li^(+) ion and electron diffusion and enhances lithium storage capability.Consequently,ADIPAM electrodes exhibit a high capacity of 705.8 mAh/g,exceptional cycling stability(308 mAh/g after 2100cycles at 5 A/g),and remarkable rate capability.Furthermore,a LIC full cell comprising the ADIPAM anode with a porous activated carbon cathode demonstrates a wide working window(4.5 V),high energy density(238.3 Wh/kg),and superb power density(22,500 W/kg).We believe this work may introduce a new approach to the design of non-conjugated organic materials for LICs.展开更多
As the fifth-generation(5G)mobile communication network may not meet the requirements of emerging technologies and applications,including ubiquitous coverage,industrial internet of things(IIoT),ubiquitous artificial i...As the fifth-generation(5G)mobile communication network may not meet the requirements of emerging technologies and applications,including ubiquitous coverage,industrial internet of things(IIoT),ubiquitous artificial intelligence(AI),digital twins(DT),etc.,this paper aims to explore a novel space-air-ground integrated network(SAGIN)architecture to support these new requirements for the sixth-generation(6G)mobile communication network in a flexible,low-latency and efficient manner.Specifically,we first review the evolution of the mobile communication network,followed by the application and technology requirements of 6G.Then the current 5G non-terrestrial network(NTN)architecture in supporting the new requirements is deeply analyzed.After that,we proposes a new flexible,low-latency and flat SAGIN architecture,and presents corresponding use cases.Finally,the future research directions are discussed.展开更多
With the large-scale commercial launch of fifth generation(5G)mobile network,the development of new services and applications catering to the year 2030,along with the deep convergence of information,communication,and ...With the large-scale commercial launch of fifth generation(5G)mobile network,the development of new services and applications catering to the year 2030,along with the deep convergence of information,communication,and data technologies(ICDT),and the lessons and experiences from 5G practice will drive the evolution of the next generation of mobile networks.This article surveys the history and driving forces of the evolution of the mobile network architecture and proposes a logical function architecture for sixth generation(6G)mobile network.The proposed 6G network architecture is termed SOLIDS(related to the following basic features:soft,on-demand fulfillment,lite,native intelligence,digital twin,and native security),which can support self-generation,self-healing,self-evolution,and self-immunity without human involvement and address the primary issues in the legacy 5G network(e.g.,high cost,high power consumption,and highly complicated operation and maintenance),significantly well.展开更多
This paper presents an original probabilistic model of a hybrid underwater wireless sensor network(UWSN),which includes a network of stationary sensors placed on the seabed and a mobile gateway.The mobile gateway is a...This paper presents an original probabilistic model of a hybrid underwater wireless sensor network(UWSN),which includes a network of stationary sensors placed on the seabed and a mobile gateway.The mobile gateway is a wave glider that collects data from the underwater network segment and retransmits it to the processing center.The authors consider the joint problem of optimal localization of stationary network nodes and the corresponding model for bypassing reference nodes by a wave glider.The optimality of the network is evaluated according to the criteria of energy efficiency and reliability.The influence of various physical and technical parameters of the network on its energy efficiency and on the lifespan of sensor nodes is analyzed.The analysis is carried out for networks of various scales,depending on the localization of stationary nodes and the model of bypassing the network with a wave glider.As a model example,the simulation of the functional characteristics of the network for a given size of the water area is carried out.It is shown that in the case of a medium-sized water area,the model of“bypassing the perimeter”by a wave glider is practically feasible,energy efficient and reliable for hourly data measurements.In the case of a large water area,the cluster bypass model becomes more efficient.展开更多
We propose the single feeder fiber architecture for wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network(WDM-PON)based on directly modulated chirp managed laser(CML).The downlink(DL)signal output from the laser is...We propose the single feeder fiber architecture for wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network(WDM-PON)based on directly modulated chirp managed laser(CML).The downlink(DL)signal output from the laser is converted to return-to-zero(RZ)differential phase shift signal using a pulse carver.The downstream signal is reused as a carrier for the upstream using intensity modulation technique.Simulation results show the error-free performance at symmetric data rate of 10 Gbit/s per channel with negligible power penalty and improved receiver sensitivity for the uplink(UL),over 25 km standard single-mode fiber(SSMF).A low-cost and reduced circuitry network design is implemented on a single feeder fiber with the elimination of differential encoder and one external modulator.展开更多
The key technologies involved in the evolution of the Cloud-based Radio Access Network(C-RAN) are discussed in this paper. Taking the Frameless Network Architecture(FNA) as a starting point, a cell-lessbased network t...The key technologies involved in the evolution of the Cloud-based Radio Access Network(C-RAN) are discussed in this paper. Taking the Frameless Network Architecture(FNA) as a starting point, a cell-lessbased network topology for a multi-tier Heterogeneous Network(Het Net) and ultra-dense network is proposed. The FNA network topology modeling is researched with centralized processing and distributed antenna deployments. The Antenna Element(AE) is released as a new dimensional radio resource that is included in the centralized Radio Resource Management(RRM) processes. This contributes to the on-demand user-centric serving-set associations with cell-edge effect elimination. The Control Plane(CP) and User Plane(UP) separation and adaptation are introduced for energy efficiency improvements. The centralized RRM and different optimization goals are discussed for fully exploring the merits from the centralized computing of C-RAN. Considering the complexity, near-optimal approaches for specific users' Quality-of-Service(Qo S) requirements are addressed. Finally, based on the research highlighted above, the way forward of C-RAN evolution is discussed.展开更多
1 Introduction The history of data centers can be traced back to the 1960s. Early data centers were deployed on main- frames that were time-shared by users via remote terminals. The boom in data centers came duringthe...1 Introduction The history of data centers can be traced back to the 1960s. Early data centers were deployed on main- frames that were time-shared by users via remote terminals. The boom in data centers came duringthe internet era. Many companies started building large inter- net-connected facililies,展开更多
Under the background of the rapid development of ground mobile communication,the advantages of high coverage,survivability,and flexibility of satellite communication provide air support to the construction of space in...Under the background of the rapid development of ground mobile communication,the advantages of high coverage,survivability,and flexibility of satellite communication provide air support to the construction of space information network.According to the requirements of the future space information communication,a software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture was proposed.It consisted of layered structure satellite backbone network,deep space communication network,the stratosphere communication network and the ground network.The Space-Air-Ground Integrated network was supported by the satellite backbone network.It provided data relay for the missions such as deep space exploration and controlled the deep-space spacecraft when needed.In addition,it safeguarded the anti-destructibility of stratospheric communication and assisted the stratosphere to supplement ground network communication.In this paper,algorithm requirements of the congestion control and routing of satellite backbone protocols for heterogeneous users’services were proposed.The algorithm requirements of distinguishing different service objects for the deep space communication and stratospheric communication network protocols were described.Considering the realistic demand for the dynamic coverage of the satellite backbone network and node cost,the multi-layer satellite backbone network architecture was constructed.On this basis,the proposed Software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture could be built as a large,scalable and efficient communication network that could be integrated into space,air,and ground.展开更多
This paper relates to an advanced open mobile communication system and method of integrating the mobile communications, wireless access systems and wired communications into one common platform architecture for China&...This paper relates to an advanced open mobile communication system and method of integrating the mobile communications, wireless access systems and wired communications into one common platform architecture for China's 4th generation mobile communications, supporting costeffective broadband voice, data and video services in wireless, mobile and wired environment with one single integrated mobile terminal device. The paper includes new architecture in the integrated mobile device and converged network access, and minimum modifi cation in the existing mobile telecommunication infrastructures. This paper introduces the long-term evolution strategy for China's TDD system platform towards China's future 4G mobile communications.展开更多
An ultra-dense network scenario is a scene where a large number of people assemble in a limited area to generate centralized broadband data traffic requirements.Because ultra-dense networks generate enormous traffic p...An ultra-dense network scenario is a scene where a large number of people assemble in a limited area to generate centralized broadband data traffic requirements.Because ultra-dense networks generate enormous traffic pressure,traditional network capabilities are not enough to accommodate the user s needs.Based on the description of ultra-dense network architecture,we analyze millimeter wave radio spectrum,high gain beam forming,physical layer frame structure,resource concentration and edge computing technology.In addition,the cooperative technology required by overlay and interference symbiosis in the dense network architecture as well as the access control technology of centralized access is analyzed and discussed comprehensively.展开更多
This paper introduces the architecture of wireless sensor networks, presents a cross-layer network management and control mechanism. The key technologies, such as Medium Access Control (MAC) and wireless routing proto...This paper introduces the architecture of wireless sensor networks, presents a cross-layer network management and control mechanism. The key technologies, such as Medium Access Control (MAC) and wireless routing protocols are discussed and compared. A proposal of applying the simple IEEE 802 MAC protocol into the wireless sensor network is introduced. In addition, in order to improve the system capacity, a multi-channel strategy for the sensor nodes is presented for decreasing the blocking probability and suppressing the accessing time delay. It is concluded that there are still a number of problems to be solved, including decreasing power consumption, improving capacity and avoiding access collision, to promote the successful commercial application of wireless sensor network.展开更多
The China's high-speed railway is experiencing a rapid growth.Its operating mileage and the number of operating trains will exceed 45 000 km and 1500 trains by 2015,respectively.During the long range and constant ...The China's high-speed railway is experiencing a rapid growth.Its operating mileage and the number of operating trains will exceed 45 000 km and 1500 trains by 2015,respectively.During the long range and constant high-speed operation,the high-speed trains have extremely complex and varied work conditions.Such a situation creates a huge demand for high-speed train on-board monitoring.In this paper,architecture for high-speed train on-board monitoring sensor network is proposed.This architecture is designed to achieve the goals of reliable sensing,scalable data transporting,and easy management.The three design goals are realized separately.The reliable sensing is achieved by deploying redundant sensor nodes in the same components.Then a hierarchal transporting scheme is involved to meet the second goal.Finally,an electronic-tag based addressing method is introduced to solve the management problem.展开更多
With the explosive increasing number of connecting devices such as smart phones, vehicles,drones, and satellites in the wireless networks, how to manage and control such a huge number of networking nodes has become a ...With the explosive increasing number of connecting devices such as smart phones, vehicles,drones, and satellites in the wireless networks, how to manage and control such a huge number of networking nodes has become a great challenge. In this paper, we combine the advantages of centralized networks and distributed networks approaches for vehicular networks with the aid of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), and propose a Center-controlled Multihop Wireless(CMW) networking scheme consisting of data transmission plane performed by vehicles and the network control plane implemented by the UAV.Besides, we jointly explore the advantages of Medium Access Control(MAC) protocols in the link layer and routing schemes in the network layer to facilitate the multi-hop data transmission for the ground vehicles.Particularly, the network control plane in the UAV can manage the whole network effectively via fully exploiting the acquired network topology information and traffic requests from each vehicle, and implements various kinds of control based on different traffic demands, which can enhance the networking flexibility and scalability significantly in vehicular networks.Simulation results validate the advantages of the proposed scheme compared with existing methods.展开更多
Evacuated Tube Transportation(ETT)systems have been claimed to have considerable strengths,including ultra-highspeed,safety,and environmentally-friendly.However,the frequent handover caused by the high-speed brings a ...Evacuated Tube Transportation(ETT)systems have been claimed to have considerable strengths,including ultra-highspeed,safety,and environmentally-friendly.However,the frequent handover caused by the high-speed brings a challenge for ETT mobile wireless communication to preserve steady link performance.Moreover,in such a special scenario,the wireless link between the base station and the passengers on the train needs to experience fading from both metal pipe and train,thus the free-wave coverage with antennas in traditional high-speed rail wireless communication systems is not suitable for ETT.Based on the characteristics of ETT,an improved architecture of wireless communication network is proposed,using distributed base stations with remote radio units(RRUs)and baseband units(BBUs)and leaky waveguides to form stable coverage.And a redundant BBUs or RRUs structure is designed for coverage enhancement.Based on this redundant architecture,a fast handover scheme is proposed to resolve the handover problem.The analytical and simulation results show that the proposed scheme is capable of reducing communication outage probability and handover failure probability remarkably.展开更多
Delay-Tolerant Networks(DTNs)are wireless networks that often experience temporary,even long-duration partitioning.Current DTN researches mainly focus on pure delay-tolerant networks that are extreme environments with...Delay-Tolerant Networks(DTNs)are wireless networks that often experience temporary,even long-duration partitioning.Current DTN researches mainly focus on pure delay-tolerant networks that are extreme environments within a limited application scope.It motivates the identification of a more reasonable and valuable DTN architecture,which can be applied in a wider range of environments to achieve interoperability between some networks suffering from frequent network partitioning,and other networks provided with stable and high speed Internet access.Such hybrid delay-tolerant networks have a lot of applications in real world.A novel and practical Cache-Assign-Forward(CAF)architecture is proposed as an appropriate approach to tie together such hybrid networks to achieve an efficient and flexible data communication.Based on CAF,we enhance the existing DTN routing protocols and apply them to complex hybrid delay-tolerant networks.Simulations show that CAF can improve DTN routing performance significantly in hybrid DTN environments.展开更多
文摘With the continuous enrichment of mobile communication application scenarios in the future, the traditional macro-cellular-based mobile communication network architecture will be difficult to meet the explosive growth in demand for communications services.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12305344)the 2023 Anhui university research project of China(No.2023AH052179).
文摘The off situ accurate reconstruction of the core neutron field is an important step in realizing real-time reactor monitoring.The existing off situ reconstruction method of the neutron field is only applicable to cases wherein a single region changes at a specified location of the core.However,when the neutron field changes are complex,the accurate identification of the individual changed regions becomes challenging,which seriously affects the accuracy and stability of the neutron field recon-struction.Therefore,this study proposed a dual-task hybrid network architecture(DTHNet)for off situ reconstruction of the core neutron field,which trained the outermost assembly reconstruction task and the core reconstruction task jointly such that the former could assist the latter in the reconstruction of the core neutron field under core complex changes.Furthermore,to exploit the characteristics of the ex-core detection signals,this study designed a global-local feature upsampling module that efficiently distributed the ex-core detection signals to each reconstruction unit to improve the accuracy and stability of reconstruction.Reconstruction experiments were performed on the simulation datasets of the CLEAR-I reactor to verify the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.The results showed that when the location uncertainty of a single region did not exceed nine and the number of multiple changed regions did not exceed five.Further,the reconstructed ARD was within 2%,RD_(max)was maintained within 17.5%,and the number of RD≥10%was maintained within 10.Furthermore,when the noise interference of the ex-core detection signals was within±2%,although the average number of RD≥10%increased to 16,the average ARD was still within in 2%,and the average RD_(max)was within 22%.Collectively,these results show that,theoretically,the DTHNet can accurately and stably reconstruct most of the neutron field under certain complex core changes.
基金supported by the national 973 project of China under Grants 2013CB329104the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61372124, 61427801+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (Grant No.13KJB520029)the Jiangsu Province colleges and universities graduate students scientific research and innovation program CXZZ13_0477,NUPTSF(Grant No.NY214033)
文摘In Internet of Things(IoT), the devices or terminals are connected with each other, which can be very diverse over the wireless networks. Unfortunately, the current devices are not designed to communicate with the collocated devices which employ different communication technologies. Consequently, the communication between these devices will be realized only by using the gateway nodes. This will cause the inefficient use of wireless resources. Therefore, in this paper, a smart service system(SSS) architecture is proposed, which consists of smart service terminal(SST), and smart service network(SSN), to realize the Io T in a general environment with diverse communication networks, devices, and services. The proposed architecture has the following advantages: i) the devices in this architecture cover multiple types of terminals and sensor-actuator devices; ii) the communications network therein is a converged network, and will coordinate multiple kinds of existing and emerging networks. This converged network offers ubiquitous access for various sensors and terminals; iii) the architecture has services and applications covering all smart service areas. It also provides theadaptability to new services and applications. A SSS architecture-based smart campus system was developed and deployed. Evaluation experiments of the proposed smart campus system demonstrate the SSS's advantages over the existing counterparts, and verify the effectiveness of the proposed architecture.
基金the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Qassim University for financial support(QU-APC-2024-9/1).
文摘Control signaling is mandatory for the operation and management of all types of communication networks,including the Third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)mobile broadband networks.However,they consume important and scarce network resources such as bandwidth and processing power.There have been several reports of these control signaling turning into signaling storms halting network operations and causing the respective Telecom companies big financial losses.This paper draws its motivation from such real network disaster incidents attributed to signaling storms.In this paper,we present a thorough survey of the causes,of the signaling storm problems in 3GPP-based mobile broadband networks and discuss in detail their possible solutions and countermeasures.We provide relevant analytical models to help quantify the effect of the potential causes and benefits of their corresponding solutions.Another important contribution of this paper is the comparison of the possible causes and solutions/countermeasures,concerning their effect on several important network aspects such as architecture,additional signaling,fidelity,etc.,in the form of a table.This paper presents an update and an extension of our earlier conference publication.To our knowledge,no similar survey study exists on the subject.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U23A20210,31722048,and 32102382)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,The Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China.
文摘With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and the accumulation of large-scale multi-omics data,deep learning(DL)has emerged as a powerful tool to solve complex biological problems,with particular promise in plant genomics.This review systematically examines the progress of DL applications in DNA,RNA,and protein sequence analysis,covering key tasks such as gene regulatory element identification,gene function annotation,and protein structure prediction,and highlighting how these DL applications illuminate research of plants,including horticultural plants.We evaluate the advantages of different neural network architectures and their applications in different biology studies,as well as the development of large language models(LLMs)in genomic modelling,such as the plantspecific models PDLLMs and AgroNT.We also briefly introduce the general workflow of the basic DL model for plant genomics study.While DL has significantly improved prediction accuracy in plant genomics,its broader application remains constrained by several challenges,including the limited availability of well-annotated data,computational capacity,innovative model architectures adapted to plant genomes,and model interpretability.Future advances will require interdisciplinary collaborations to develop DL applications for intelligent plant genomic research frameworks with broader applicability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22309022,92372101)the Project of Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(Nos.CSTB2023NSCQMSX0405,CSTB2023NSCQ-LZX0039)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(No.KJQN202201104)the Key Project of Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development(No.CSTB2023TIADKPX0091)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M742888)。
文摘Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs) hold promise as next-generation energy storage devices due to the synergy of the advantageous features of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) and supercapacitors(SCs).Recently,the use of nanostructured conjugated carboxylate organic anode materials in LICs has attracted tremendous attention due to their high capacity,excellent capacitive behavior,design flexibility,and environmental friendliness.Nevertheless,no studies have reported the use of non-conjugated organic compounds in LICs.In this study,we report for the first time that non-conjugated adipamide(ADIPAM) nanocrystals fabricated using a dissolution-recrystallization self-assembly technique serve as an excellent anode material for LICs.The unique ADIPAM nanocrystals-PVDF-Super P conductive integrated network architecture accelerates Li^(+) ion and electron diffusion and enhances lithium storage capability.Consequently,ADIPAM electrodes exhibit a high capacity of 705.8 mAh/g,exceptional cycling stability(308 mAh/g after 2100cycles at 5 A/g),and remarkable rate capability.Furthermore,a LIC full cell comprising the ADIPAM anode with a porous activated carbon cathode demonstrates a wide working window(4.5 V),high energy density(238.3 Wh/kg),and superb power density(22,500 W/kg).We believe this work may introduce a new approach to the design of non-conjugated organic materials for LICs.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program under grant number 2020YFB1806800the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under grant number L212003the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant numbers 62171010 and 61827901.
文摘As the fifth-generation(5G)mobile communication network may not meet the requirements of emerging technologies and applications,including ubiquitous coverage,industrial internet of things(IIoT),ubiquitous artificial intelligence(AI),digital twins(DT),etc.,this paper aims to explore a novel space-air-ground integrated network(SAGIN)architecture to support these new requirements for the sixth-generation(6G)mobile communication network in a flexible,low-latency and efficient manner.Specifically,we first review the evolution of the mobile communication network,followed by the application and technology requirements of 6G.Then the current 5G non-terrestrial network(NTN)architecture in supporting the new requirements is deeply analyzed.After that,we proposes a new flexible,low-latency and flat SAGIN architecture,and presents corresponding use cases.Finally,the future research directions are discussed.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1806800).
文摘With the large-scale commercial launch of fifth generation(5G)mobile network,the development of new services and applications catering to the year 2030,along with the deep convergence of information,communication,and data technologies(ICDT),and the lessons and experiences from 5G practice will drive the evolution of the next generation of mobile networks.This article surveys the history and driving forces of the evolution of the mobile network architecture and proposes a logical function architecture for sixth generation(6G)mobile network.The proposed 6G network architecture is termed SOLIDS(related to the following basic features:soft,on-demand fulfillment,lite,native intelligence,digital twin,and native security),which can support self-generation,self-healing,self-evolution,and self-immunity without human involvement and address the primary issues in the legacy 5G network(e.g.,high cost,high power consumption,and highly complicated operation and maintenance),significantly well.
基金The research was partially funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation as part of World-class Research Center program:Advanced Digital Technologies(Contract No.075-15-2020-903 dated 16.11.2020).
文摘This paper presents an original probabilistic model of a hybrid underwater wireless sensor network(UWSN),which includes a network of stationary sensors placed on the seabed and a mobile gateway.The mobile gateway is a wave glider that collects data from the underwater network segment and retransmits it to the processing center.The authors consider the joint problem of optimal localization of stationary network nodes and the corresponding model for bypassing reference nodes by a wave glider.The optimality of the network is evaluated according to the criteria of energy efficiency and reliability.The influence of various physical and technical parameters of the network on its energy efficiency and on the lifespan of sensor nodes is analyzed.The analysis is carried out for networks of various scales,depending on the localization of stationary nodes and the model of bypassing the network with a wave glider.As a model example,the simulation of the functional characteristics of the network for a given size of the water area is carried out.It is shown that in the case of a medium-sized water area,the model of“bypassing the perimeter”by a wave glider is practically feasible,energy efficient and reliable for hourly data measurements.In the case of a large water area,the cluster bypass model becomes more efficient.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2010CB328300)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2009RC0314)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61077050,61077014and60932004)the BUPT Young Foundation(No.2009CZ07)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Technologies and Networks(WRI)(No.2010OCTN-02)
文摘We propose the single feeder fiber architecture for wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network(WDM-PON)based on directly modulated chirp managed laser(CML).The downlink(DL)signal output from the laser is converted to return-to-zero(RZ)differential phase shift signal using a pulse carver.The downstream signal is reused as a carrier for the upstream using intensity modulation technique.Simulation results show the error-free performance at symmetric data rate of 10 Gbit/s per channel with negligible power penalty and improved receiver sensitivity for the uplink(UL),over 25 km standard single-mode fiber(SSMF).A low-cost and reduced circuitry network design is implemented on a single feeder fiber with the elimination of differential encoder and one external modulator.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China No.2014AA01A701Nature and Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61471068,61421061+2 种基金Beijing Nova Programme No.Z131101000413030International Collaboration Project No.2015DFT10160National Major Project No.2016ZX03001009-003
文摘The key technologies involved in the evolution of the Cloud-based Radio Access Network(C-RAN) are discussed in this paper. Taking the Frameless Network Architecture(FNA) as a starting point, a cell-lessbased network topology for a multi-tier Heterogeneous Network(Het Net) and ultra-dense network is proposed. The FNA network topology modeling is researched with centralized processing and distributed antenna deployments. The Antenna Element(AE) is released as a new dimensional radio resource that is included in the centralized Radio Resource Management(RRM) processes. This contributes to the on-demand user-centric serving-set associations with cell-edge effect elimination. The Control Plane(CP) and User Plane(UP) separation and adaptation are introduced for energy efficiency improvements. The centralized RRM and different optimization goals are discussed for fully exploring the merits from the centralized computing of C-RAN. Considering the complexity, near-optimal approaches for specific users' Quality-of-Service(Qo S) requirements are addressed. Finally, based on the research highlighted above, the way forward of C-RAN evolution is discussed.
基金supported by the ZTE-BJTU Collaborative Research Program under Grant No. K11L00190the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No. K12JB00060
文摘1 Introduction The history of data centers can be traced back to the 1960s. Early data centers were deployed on main- frames that were time-shared by users via remote terminals. The boom in data centers came duringthe internet era. Many companies started building large inter- net-connected facililies,
基金This work is supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(328201911)C.G.(Chao Guo),the Open Project Program of National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability,C.G.(Chao Guo)+2 种基金Beijing Technology and Business University(BTBU)No.AQT-2018Y-B4,C.G.(Chao Guo)Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education Industry-university Cooperative Education Project,C.G.(Chao Guo)Education and Teaching Reform Project of Beijing Electronic and Technology Institute,C.G.(Chao Guo).
文摘Under the background of the rapid development of ground mobile communication,the advantages of high coverage,survivability,and flexibility of satellite communication provide air support to the construction of space information network.According to the requirements of the future space information communication,a software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture was proposed.It consisted of layered structure satellite backbone network,deep space communication network,the stratosphere communication network and the ground network.The Space-Air-Ground Integrated network was supported by the satellite backbone network.It provided data relay for the missions such as deep space exploration and controlled the deep-space spacecraft when needed.In addition,it safeguarded the anti-destructibility of stratospheric communication and assisted the stratosphere to supplement ground network communication.In this paper,algorithm requirements of the congestion control and routing of satellite backbone protocols for heterogeneous users’services were proposed.The algorithm requirements of distinguishing different service objects for the deep space communication and stratospheric communication network protocols were described.Considering the realistic demand for the dynamic coverage of the satellite backbone network and node cost,the multi-layer satellite backbone network architecture was constructed.On this basis,the proposed Software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture could be built as a large,scalable and efficient communication network that could be integrated into space,air,and ground.
文摘This paper relates to an advanced open mobile communication system and method of integrating the mobile communications, wireless access systems and wired communications into one common platform architecture for China's 4th generation mobile communications, supporting costeffective broadband voice, data and video services in wireless, mobile and wired environment with one single integrated mobile terminal device. The paper includes new architecture in the integrated mobile device and converged network access, and minimum modifi cation in the existing mobile telecommunication infrastructures. This paper introduces the long-term evolution strategy for China's TDD system platform towards China's future 4G mobile communications.
文摘An ultra-dense network scenario is a scene where a large number of people assemble in a limited area to generate centralized broadband data traffic requirements.Because ultra-dense networks generate enormous traffic pressure,traditional network capabilities are not enough to accommodate the user s needs.Based on the description of ultra-dense network architecture,we analyze millimeter wave radio spectrum,high gain beam forming,physical layer frame structure,resource concentration and edge computing technology.In addition,the cooperative technology required by overlay and interference symbiosis in the dense network architecture as well as the access control technology of centralized access is analyzed and discussed comprehensively.
文摘This paper introduces the architecture of wireless sensor networks, presents a cross-layer network management and control mechanism. The key technologies, such as Medium Access Control (MAC) and wireless routing protocols are discussed and compared. A proposal of applying the simple IEEE 802 MAC protocol into the wireless sensor network is introduced. In addition, in order to improve the system capacity, a multi-channel strategy for the sensor nodes is presented for decreasing the blocking probability and suppressing the accessing time delay. It is concluded that there are still a number of problems to be solved, including decreasing power consumption, improving capacity and avoiding access collision, to promote the successful commercial application of wireless sensor network.
基金Project supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program(No.2011BAG05B00)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61070155)
文摘The China's high-speed railway is experiencing a rapid growth.Its operating mileage and the number of operating trains will exceed 45 000 km and 1500 trains by 2015,respectively.During the long range and constant high-speed operation,the high-speed trains have extremely complex and varied work conditions.Such a situation creates a huge demand for high-speed train on-board monitoring.In this paper,architecture for high-speed train on-board monitoring sensor network is proposed.This architecture is designed to achieve the goals of reliable sensing,scalable data transporting,and easy management.The three design goals are realized separately.The reliable sensing is achieved by deploying redundant sensor nodes in the same components.Then a hierarchal transporting scheme is involved to meet the second goal.Finally,an electronic-tag based addressing method is introduced to solve the management problem.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62071283,Grant 61771296,Grant 61872228 and Grant 62271513in part by the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China under Grant 2018JQ6048 and Grant 2018JZ6006+3 种基金in part by Shaanxi Key Industrial Innovation Chain Project in Industrial Domain under Grant 2020ZDLGY15-09in part by Guang Dong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2021A1515012631in part by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant 2016M600761in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant GK202003075 and Grant GK202103016。
文摘With the explosive increasing number of connecting devices such as smart phones, vehicles,drones, and satellites in the wireless networks, how to manage and control such a huge number of networking nodes has become a great challenge. In this paper, we combine the advantages of centralized networks and distributed networks approaches for vehicular networks with the aid of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), and propose a Center-controlled Multihop Wireless(CMW) networking scheme consisting of data transmission plane performed by vehicles and the network control plane implemented by the UAV.Besides, we jointly explore the advantages of Medium Access Control(MAC) protocols in the link layer and routing schemes in the network layer to facilitate the multi-hop data transmission for the ground vehicles.Particularly, the network control plane in the UAV can manage the whole network effectively via fully exploiting the acquired network topology information and traffic requests from each vehicle, and implements various kinds of control based on different traffic demands, which can enhance the networking flexibility and scalability significantly in vehicular networks.Simulation results validate the advantages of the proposed scheme compared with existing methods.
基金the fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities under Grant 2018JBZ102.
文摘Evacuated Tube Transportation(ETT)systems have been claimed to have considerable strengths,including ultra-highspeed,safety,and environmentally-friendly.However,the frequent handover caused by the high-speed brings a challenge for ETT mobile wireless communication to preserve steady link performance.Moreover,in such a special scenario,the wireless link between the base station and the passengers on the train needs to experience fading from both metal pipe and train,thus the free-wave coverage with antennas in traditional high-speed rail wireless communication systems is not suitable for ETT.Based on the characteristics of ETT,an improved architecture of wireless communication network is proposed,using distributed base stations with remote radio units(RRUs)and baseband units(BBUs)and leaky waveguides to form stable coverage.And a redundant BBUs or RRUs structure is designed for coverage enhancement.Based on this redundant architecture,a fast handover scheme is proposed to resolve the handover problem.The analytical and simulation results show that the proposed scheme is capable of reducing communication outage probability and handover failure probability remarkably.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China under Grant No.2011CB302702the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61132001,No.61120106008,No.61070187,No.60970133,No.61003225the Beijing Nova Program.
文摘Delay-Tolerant Networks(DTNs)are wireless networks that often experience temporary,even long-duration partitioning.Current DTN researches mainly focus on pure delay-tolerant networks that are extreme environments within a limited application scope.It motivates the identification of a more reasonable and valuable DTN architecture,which can be applied in a wider range of environments to achieve interoperability between some networks suffering from frequent network partitioning,and other networks provided with stable and high speed Internet access.Such hybrid delay-tolerant networks have a lot of applications in real world.A novel and practical Cache-Assign-Forward(CAF)architecture is proposed as an appropriate approach to tie together such hybrid networks to achieve an efficient and flexible data communication.Based on CAF,we enhance the existing DTN routing protocols and apply them to complex hybrid delay-tolerant networks.Simulations show that CAF can improve DTN routing performance significantly in hybrid DTN environments.
