Objective： Better understanding of China＇s landscape in oncology drug research is of great significance for discovering anti-cancer drugs in future. This article differs from previous studies by focusing on Chinese ...Objective： Better understanding of China＇s landscape in oncology drug research is of great significance for discovering anti-cancer drugs in future. This article differs from previous studies by focusing on Chinese oncology drug research communities in co-publication networks at the institutional level. Moreover, this research aims to explore structures and behaviors of relevant research units by thematic community analysis and to address policy recommendations. Methods： This research used social network analysis to define an institutions network and to identify a community network which is characterized by thematic content. Results： A total of 675 sample articles from 2008 through 2012 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded （SCIE） database of Web of Science, and top institutions and institutional pairs are highlighted for further discussion. Meanwhile, this study revealed that institutions based in the Chinese mainland are located in a relatively central position, Taiwan＇s institutions are closely assembled on the side, and Hong Kong＇s units located in the middle of the Chinese mainland＇s and Taiwan＇s. Spatial division and institutional hierarchy are still critical barriers to research collaboration in the field of anti-cancer drugs in China. In addition, the communities focusing on hot research areas show the higher nodal degree, whereas communities giving more attention to rare research subjects are relatively marginalized to the periphery of network. Conclusions= This paper offers policy recommendations to accelerate cross-regional cooperation, such as through developing information technology and increasing investment. The brokers should focus more on outreach to other institutions. Finally, participation in topics of common interest is conducive to improved efficiency in research and development （R＆D） resource allocation.展开更多
The majority of academic researchers present the results of their scientific activity on the Web. This trace can be used to derive useful information of their past, present activity and forecast the future intentions....The majority of academic researchers present the results of their scientific activity on the Web. This trace can be used to derive useful information of their past, present activity and forecast the future intentions. Hence, social network of academic researchers can be of important value for scientific community. This information can be retrieved from various data source currently available on the Web. From each of them a separate net-work can be built. In this paper we present a method which can be used to combine multiple single-relational networks into a single network which will combine all relations, hence it will be multi-relational.展开更多
The article analyzes the development of the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, and its mission, mandate, and management mechanisms, with examples of research, demonstration and consultation for policy-setting.
Introduction EQUATOR Network provides unique access to collated expertise and resources for good reporting of health research, The resources are aimed at researchers （authors of research articles）, journal editors, ...Introduction EQUATOR Network provides unique access to collated expertise and resources for good reporting of health research, The resources are aimed at researchers （authors of research articles）, journal editors, peer reviewers, and developers of reporting guidelines,展开更多
"Geoscience Periodical Network of China"is composed of 233 Chinese geological journals,which covers all kinds of geological research fields of China.All papers of this site comprise English abstract,and some..."Geoscience Periodical Network of China"is composed of 233 Chinese geological journals,which covers all kinds of geological research fields of China.All papers of this site comprise English abstract,and some papers have figures with English description.Papers present as the PDF format with two types:(1)papers can be downloaded for opening access;and(2)the others展开更多
The Network Attachment Subsystem(NASS)is introduced to the Next Generation Network(NGN)architecture to enable services independent from access networks and support nomadism for fixed terminals.The NASS is responsible ...The Network Attachment Subsystem(NASS)is introduced to the Next Generation Network(NGN)architecture to enable services independent from access networks and support nomadism for fixed terminals.The NASS is responsible for managing the users attached to the access network in terms of user authentication,allocation of the IP address,and location management.In NGN R1,Telecommunications and Internet Converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking(TISPAN)studied the internal architecture and external interface protocols of NASS and published the relevant technical specifications.In NGN R2,TISPAN focuses on the study of mobility and nomadism as well as the ability to support various access network architectures.There still remain several issues that need further study.展开更多
In recent years, we have seen an increasing interest in developing and designing Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). WSNs consist of large number of nodes, with wireless communications and computation abilities that can ...In recent years, we have seen an increasing interest in developing and designing Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). WSNs consist of large number of nodes, with wireless communications and computation abilities that can be used in variety of domains. It has been used in areas that have direct contact with monitoring and gathering data, to name few, health monitoring, military surveillance, geological monitoring (Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Tsunami), agriculture control and many more. However, the design and implementation of WSNs face many challenges, due to the power limitation of sensor nodes, deployment and localization, data routing and data aggregation, data security, limited bandwidth, storage capacity and network management. It is known that Operation Research (OR) has been widely used in different areas to solve optimization problems;such as improving network performance and maximizing lifetime of system. In this survey, we present the most recent OR based techniques applied to solve different WSNs problems: the node scheduling problem, energy management problems, nodes allocating issues and other WSNs related complex problems. Different Operational Research techniques are presented and discussed in details here, including graph theory based techniques, linear programing and mixed integer programming related approaches.展开更多
A new form of producing and sharing knowledge has emerged as an international(United States of America,Asia,and Europe) research collaboration,known as the Long-Term Ecological Research(LTER) Network.Although Africa b...A new form of producing and sharing knowledge has emerged as an international(United States of America,Asia,and Europe) research collaboration,known as the Long-Term Ecological Research(LTER) Network.Although Africa boasts rich biodiversity,including endemic species,it lacks the long-term initiatives to underpin sustainable biodiversity managements.At present,climate change may exacerbate hunger and poverty concerns in addition to resulting in ecosystem degradation,land use change,and other threats in Africa.Therefore,ecosystem monitoring was suggested to understanding the effects of climate change and setting strategies to mitigate these changes.This paper aimed to investigate ecosystem monitoring ground sites and address their coverage gaps in Africa to provide a foundation for optimizing the African Ecosystem Research Network(AERN) ground sites.The geographic coordinates and characteristics of ground sites-based ecosystem monitoring were collected from various networks aligned with the LTER implementation in Africa.Additionally,climatic data and biodiversity distribution maps were retrieved from various sources.These data were used to assess the size of existing ground sites and the gaps in description,ecosystems and biomes.The results reveal that there were 1089 sites established by various networks.Among these sites,30.5%,27.5%,and 28.8% had no information of area,year of establishment,current status,respectively.However,68.0% of them had an area equal to or greater than 1 km2.Sites were created progressively over the course of the years,with 68.9% being created from 2000 to 2005.To date,only 41.5% of the sites were operational.The sites were scattered across Africa,but they were concentrated in Eastern and Southern Africa.The unbalanced distribution pattern of the sites left Central and Northern Africa hardly covered,and many unique ecosystems in Central Africa were not included.To sustain these sites,the AERN should be based on operational sites,seeking secure funding by establishing multiple partnerships.展开更多
＂Geoscience Periodical Network of China＂ is composed of 233 Chinese geological journals, which covers all kinds of geological research fields of China. All papers of this site comprise English abstract, and some pap...＂Geoscience Periodical Network of China＂ is composed of 233 Chinese geological journals, which covers all kinds of geological research fields of China. All papers of this site comprise English abstract, and some papers have figures with English description. Papers present as the PDF format with two types： （1） papers can be downloaded for opening access; and （2） the others provide both Chinese and English abstract, which can be downloaded after registration. Welcome to visit our website： http：//www.geojournals.cn/展开更多
The Peer-to-Peer(P2P)network traffic identification technology includes Transport Layer Identification(TLI)and Deep Packet Inspection(DPI)methods.By analyzing packets of the transport layer and the traffic characteris...The Peer-to-Peer(P2P)network traffic identification technology includes Transport Layer Identification(TLI)and Deep Packet Inspection(DPI)methods.By analyzing packets of the transport layer and the traffic characteristic in the P2P system,TLI can identify whether or not the network data flow belongs to the P2P system.The DPI method adopts protocol analysis technology and reverting technology.It picks up data from the P2P application layer and analyzes the characteristics of the payload to judge if the network traffic belongs to P2P applications.Due to its accuracy,robustness and classifying ability,DPI is the main method used to identify P2P traffic.Adopting the advantages of TLI and DPI,a precise and efficient technology for P2P network traffic identification can be designed.展开更多
The researcher network that appeared in research projects funded by the Japanese government was analyzed. Several static and dynamic network analysis methods were applied to the data for 20 years to explore the fine s...The researcher network that appeared in research projects funded by the Japanese government was analyzed. Several static and dynamic network analysis methods were applied to the data for 20 years to explore the fine structure of the researcher’s network for grants. Our analysis shows that the long-term trend of researchers’ group sizes has become smaller, particularly rapidly decreasing in recent years. Some findings on researcher behavior in joining a project have also been reported.展开更多
Social network analysis(SNA) has been introduced to China's Mainland since the end of last century. It is often stated that SNA research has experienced rapid growth in China over these years, but few studies have...Social network analysis(SNA) has been introduced to China's Mainland since the end of last century. It is often stated that SNA research has experienced rapid growth in China over these years, but few studies have been conducted to prove the statement. This paper aims at exploring the research status and development of SNA in China by a critical assessment of journal articles. Our findings show that SNA is an evolving and diversified research area which has rich themes and topics, and can be applied to those studies on different levels, context and disciplines, and attract researchers and scholars from various fields and domains. In addition, the information community(Library & Information Science and Information Systems) plays a leading role in the SNA related researches. The paper also points out the research on SNA in China has some limitations, so it proposes several implications for the future development of SNA research from perspectives of information science.展开更多
加快建设世界重要人才中心和创新高地迫切需要我国在人才流动网络中占据有利地位。高校作为主要的科研人才聚集地和关键的创新主体扮演着重要角色。已有的关于组织间人员流动网络的研究主要以企业为研究单元,未能揭示科研人员在高校间...加快建设世界重要人才中心和创新高地迫切需要我国在人才流动网络中占据有利地位。高校作为主要的科研人才聚集地和关键的创新主体扮演着重要角色。已有的关于组织间人员流动网络的研究主要以企业为研究单元,未能揭示科研人员在高校间流动形成的社会网络所蕴含的社会资本对组织绩效的影响。本文基于ORCID(Open Researcher and Contributor ID)网站中约200万名科研人员的大样本履历数据,构建覆盖全球超1.5万个高校的科研人员流动网络,实证分析高校的网络位置所带来的社会资本对其学术绩效的影响。研究发现,科研人员流动网络入度中心性对高校论文产出和高质量论文产出均有显著的积极影响,科研人员流动网络出度中心性与高校论文产出和高质量论文产出之间均存在倒U形曲线关系。本文的结论可为高校人才管理机制优化及政府人才政策制定与实施提供重要启示。展开更多
基金the University of Macao for financial support for this research by the project MYRG119(Y1-L3)-ICMS12-HYJ
文摘Objective： Better understanding of China＇s landscape in oncology drug research is of great significance for discovering anti-cancer drugs in future. This article differs from previous studies by focusing on Chinese oncology drug research communities in co-publication networks at the institutional level. Moreover, this research aims to explore structures and behaviors of relevant research units by thematic community analysis and to address policy recommendations. Methods： This research used social network analysis to define an institutions network and to identify a community network which is characterized by thematic content. Results： A total of 675 sample articles from 2008 through 2012 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded （SCIE） database of Web of Science, and top institutions and institutional pairs are highlighted for further discussion. Meanwhile, this study revealed that institutions based in the Chinese mainland are located in a relatively central position, Taiwan＇s institutions are closely assembled on the side, and Hong Kong＇s units located in the middle of the Chinese mainland＇s and Taiwan＇s. Spatial division and institutional hierarchy are still critical barriers to research collaboration in the field of anti-cancer drugs in China. In addition, the communities focusing on hot research areas show the higher nodal degree, whereas communities giving more attention to rare research subjects are relatively marginalized to the periphery of network. Conclusions= This paper offers policy recommendations to accelerate cross-regional cooperation, such as through developing information technology and increasing investment. The brokers should focus more on outreach to other institutions. Finally, participation in topics of common interest is conducive to improved efficiency in research and development （R＆D） resource allocation.
文摘The majority of academic researchers present the results of their scientific activity on the Web. This trace can be used to derive useful information of their past, present activity and forecast the future intentions. Hence, social network of academic researchers can be of important value for scientific community. This information can be retrieved from various data source currently available on the Web. From each of them a separate net-work can be built. In this paper we present a method which can be used to combine multiple single-relational networks into a single network which will combine all relations, hence it will be multi-relational.
文摘The article analyzes the development of the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, and its mission, mandate, and management mechanisms, with examples of research, demonstration and consultation for policy-setting.
文摘Introduction EQUATOR Network provides unique access to collated expertise and resources for good reporting of health research, The resources are aimed at researchers （authors of research articles）, journal editors, peer reviewers, and developers of reporting guidelines,
文摘"Geoscience Periodical Network of China"is composed of 233 Chinese geological journals,which covers all kinds of geological research fields of China.All papers of this site comprise English abstract,and some papers have figures with English description.Papers present as the PDF format with two types:(1)papers can be downloaded for opening access;and(2)the others
文摘The Network Attachment Subsystem(NASS)is introduced to the Next Generation Network(NGN)architecture to enable services independent from access networks and support nomadism for fixed terminals.The NASS is responsible for managing the users attached to the access network in terms of user authentication,allocation of the IP address,and location management.In NGN R1,Telecommunications and Internet Converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking(TISPAN)studied the internal architecture and external interface protocols of NASS and published the relevant technical specifications.In NGN R2,TISPAN focuses on the study of mobility and nomadism as well as the ability to support various access network architectures.There still remain several issues that need further study.
文摘In recent years, we have seen an increasing interest in developing and designing Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). WSNs consist of large number of nodes, with wireless communications and computation abilities that can be used in variety of domains. It has been used in areas that have direct contact with monitoring and gathering data, to name few, health monitoring, military surveillance, geological monitoring (Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Tsunami), agriculture control and many more. However, the design and implementation of WSNs face many challenges, due to the power limitation of sensor nodes, deployment and localization, data routing and data aggregation, data security, limited bandwidth, storage capacity and network management. It is known that Operation Research (OR) has been widely used in different areas to solve optimization problems;such as improving network performance and maximizing lifetime of system. In this survey, we present the most recent OR based techniques applied to solve different WSNs problems: the node scheduling problem, energy management problems, nodes allocating issues and other WSNs related complex problems. Different Operational Research techniques are presented and discussed in details here, including graph theory based techniques, linear programing and mixed integer programming related approaches.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31161140355)
文摘A new form of producing and sharing knowledge has emerged as an international(United States of America,Asia,and Europe) research collaboration,known as the Long-Term Ecological Research(LTER) Network.Although Africa boasts rich biodiversity,including endemic species,it lacks the long-term initiatives to underpin sustainable biodiversity managements.At present,climate change may exacerbate hunger and poverty concerns in addition to resulting in ecosystem degradation,land use change,and other threats in Africa.Therefore,ecosystem monitoring was suggested to understanding the effects of climate change and setting strategies to mitigate these changes.This paper aimed to investigate ecosystem monitoring ground sites and address their coverage gaps in Africa to provide a foundation for optimizing the African Ecosystem Research Network(AERN) ground sites.The geographic coordinates and characteristics of ground sites-based ecosystem monitoring were collected from various networks aligned with the LTER implementation in Africa.Additionally,climatic data and biodiversity distribution maps were retrieved from various sources.These data were used to assess the size of existing ground sites and the gaps in description,ecosystems and biomes.The results reveal that there were 1089 sites established by various networks.Among these sites,30.5%,27.5%,and 28.8% had no information of area,year of establishment,current status,respectively.However,68.0% of them had an area equal to or greater than 1 km2.Sites were created progressively over the course of the years,with 68.9% being created from 2000 to 2005.To date,only 41.5% of the sites were operational.The sites were scattered across Africa,but they were concentrated in Eastern and Southern Africa.The unbalanced distribution pattern of the sites left Central and Northern Africa hardly covered,and many unique ecosystems in Central Africa were not included.To sustain these sites,the AERN should be based on operational sites,seeking secure funding by establishing multiple partnerships.
文摘＂Geoscience Periodical Network of China＂ is composed of 233 Chinese geological journals, which covers all kinds of geological research fields of China. All papers of this site comprise English abstract, and some papers have figures with English description. Papers present as the PDF format with two types： （1） papers can be downloaded for opening access; and （2） the others provide both Chinese and English abstract, which can be downloaded after registration. Welcome to visit our website： http：//www.geojournals.cn/
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant60473090.
文摘The Peer-to-Peer(P2P)network traffic identification technology includes Transport Layer Identification(TLI)and Deep Packet Inspection(DPI)methods.By analyzing packets of the transport layer and the traffic characteristic in the P2P system,TLI can identify whether or not the network data flow belongs to the P2P system.The DPI method adopts protocol analysis technology and reverting technology.It picks up data from the P2P application layer and analyzes the characteristics of the payload to judge if the network traffic belongs to P2P applications.Due to its accuracy,robustness and classifying ability,DPI is the main method used to identify P2P traffic.Adopting the advantages of TLI and DPI,a precise and efficient technology for P2P network traffic identification can be designed.
文摘The researcher network that appeared in research projects funded by the Japanese government was analyzed. Several static and dynamic network analysis methods were applied to the data for 20 years to explore the fine structure of the researcher’s network for grants. Our analysis shows that the long-term trend of researchers’ group sizes has become smaller, particularly rapidly decreasing in recent years. Some findings on researcher behavior in joining a project have also been reported.
基金jointly supported by the National Social Science Foundation in China(Grand No.10ATQ004)Ministry of Education,Humanities and Social Sciences Council in China(Grand No.09YJA870014)
文摘Social network analysis(SNA) has been introduced to China's Mainland since the end of last century. It is often stated that SNA research has experienced rapid growth in China over these years, but few studies have been conducted to prove the statement. This paper aims at exploring the research status and development of SNA in China by a critical assessment of journal articles. Our findings show that SNA is an evolving and diversified research area which has rich themes and topics, and can be applied to those studies on different levels, context and disciplines, and attract researchers and scholars from various fields and domains. In addition, the information community(Library & Information Science and Information Systems) plays a leading role in the SNA related researches. The paper also points out the research on SNA in China has some limitations, so it proposes several implications for the future development of SNA research from perspectives of information science.
文摘加快建设世界重要人才中心和创新高地迫切需要我国在人才流动网络中占据有利地位。高校作为主要的科研人才聚集地和关键的创新主体扮演着重要角色。已有的关于组织间人员流动网络的研究主要以企业为研究单元,未能揭示科研人员在高校间流动形成的社会网络所蕴含的社会资本对组织绩效的影响。本文基于ORCID(Open Researcher and Contributor ID)网站中约200万名科研人员的大样本履历数据,构建覆盖全球超1.5万个高校的科研人员流动网络,实证分析高校的网络位置所带来的社会资本对其学术绩效的影响。研究发现,科研人员流动网络入度中心性对高校论文产出和高质量论文产出均有显著的积极影响,科研人员流动网络出度中心性与高校论文产出和高质量论文产出之间均存在倒U形曲线关系。本文的结论可为高校人才管理机制优化及政府人才政策制定与实施提供重要启示。
文摘生物多样性是人类赖以生存和发展的重要保障,保护生物多样性对维持地球生态系统的功能至关重要。珍稀濒危植物是生物多样性的重要组成部分,加强我国珍稀濒危植物保护和研究具有紧迫性和重要现实意义。中国生态系统研究网络(Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, CERN)蕴藏着一批珍稀濒危植物,具有重要的科研、经济和社会价值,对研究站点、区域及全国尺度生物多样性及其保护利用具有重大意义。在整理、形成CERN珍稀濒危维管植物名录的基础上,对CERN珍稀濒危植物资源的种类组成、濒危程度、生态站分布等方面进行分析,旨在为CERN开展单站点与跨站点珍稀濒危植物资源的系统研究、有效保护与合理利用提供参考依据。结果显示,(1)CERN有珍稀濒危植物75科140属189种,包括蕨类植物5科5属7种,裸子植物4科7属7种,被子植物66科128属175种;其中,国家一级保护植物2种、国家二级保护植物62种,133种列入《中国生物多样性红色名录》中极危、濒危和易危等级,31种列入《IUCN红色名录等级和标准》中极危、濒危和易危等级,37种列入CITES附录Ⅱ。(2)CERN的珍稀濒危植物分布于14个生态站,其中12个为森林生态系统生态站;珍稀濒危植物种类多的生态站所处地区植物群落物种多样性丰富,分布着一定数量的珍稀濒危植物,而生态站成为就地保存珍稀濒危植物的重要场所,对珍稀濒危野生植物的保护发挥了一定作用。(3)分布于2个以上生态站的珍稀濒危植物有18种,其中分布最广的一种分布在4个生态站;拥有共有珍稀濒危植物的生态站主要分为3个生态站群,每个群中的生态站可开展共有珍稀濒危植物生物学与生态学特性、种群和群落特征、濒危原因和机制、综合性保护、合理利用等方面的合作研究。由于CERN的珍稀濒危植物具有多方面经济价值,建议生态站在加大对野生植株保护管理力度的同时,加强开展科学开发与持续利用方面技术的试验和示范,更好地服务当地的经济建设。
