An Anaphe panda silk nanofibers / nets( NFN) membrane with attractive structures consisting of common electrospun nanofibers and two-dimensional( 2D) spider-web-like structured nano-nets were successfully fabricated v...An Anaphe panda silk nanofibers / nets( NFN) membrane with attractive structures consisting of common electrospun nanofibers and two-dimensional( 2D) spider-web-like structured nano-nets were successfully fabricated via electrospinning / netting technology. The unique structures of NFN membranes such as extremely small diameter( < 20 nm),high porosity,large specific surface area. and biocompatibility make this Anaphe panda silk NFN membrane a promising candidate for biomedical applications. In the present study, field emission scanning electron microscopy( FESEM) was used to investigate the influence of polymer solution and humidity on nano-nets coverage and morphology. The FE-SEM images revealed that nano-net coverage area increased with increase in concentration of solution while lowering the humidity increased the nano-nets formation. Moreover,the mechanical properties of the membrane were also tested and the result showed that the silk NFN membrane displayed a breaking stress of 3. 7 MPa and breaking strain of 13. 8%. For further structural elucidation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) was used to analyze the structural conformation changes from random coil to β-sheet in the NFN membrane which was an important factor effecting the usability of membrane. Thus,the results above confirmed the feasibility of Anaphe panda NFN structures applicability in cell tissue culture and other biomedical applications.展开更多
To understand better the impact on mist net capture rates of the activity height of birds, light intensity, bird richness and abundance, we compared data from mist nets and point counts at the Jianfengling Forest Area...To understand better the impact on mist net capture rates of the activity height of birds, light intensity, bird richness and abundance, we compared data from mist nets and point counts at the Jianfengling Forest Area, Hainan Island. Mist-nets were operated for a total of 7135 net-hours. A total of 587 individuals of 45 bird species were captured. The total mean capture rate was 8.6 ± 10.4 per 100 net-hours. A total of 4932 individuals of 107 bird species were recorded by visual observation alone and 7616 individuals of 120 species were recorded in a visual and aural combination. The Grey-cheeked Fulvetta (Alcippe morrisonia) was the most abundant species, accounting for 38.7% of total captures, 27.9% of visual observations and 22.2% of visual + aural observations. The capture number was correlated with the number observed. Thirty-one species were more likely to be captured than observed. Canopy species, such as members of the Corvidae and Dicruridae, were seldom captured. For all ground feeding species, the capture number was greater than that of observation. Some cryptic species, such as the Lesser Wren Babbler (Napothera epilepidota), Spotnecked Babbler (Stachyris striolata) and Cuckoo Owl (Glaucidium cuculoides) also had a higher relative capture rate than that of observations. There was a significant relationship between light intensity and the number of birds captured.展开更多
Nettings are complex flexible structures used in various fisheries.Understanding the hydrodynamic characteristics,de-formation,and the flow field around nettings is important to design successful fishing gear.This stu...Nettings are complex flexible structures used in various fisheries.Understanding the hydrodynamic characteristics,de-formation,and the flow field around nettings is important to design successful fishing gear.This study investigated the hydrodynamic characteristics and deformation of five nettings made of polyethylene and nylon materials in different attack angles through numeri-cal simulation and physical model experiment.The numerical model was based on the one-way coupling between computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and large deflection nonlinear structural models.Navier-Stokes equations were solved using the finite volume ap-proach,the flow was described using the k-ωshear stress turbulent model,and the large deflection structural dynamic equation was derived using a finite element approach to understand the netting deformation and nodal displacement.The porous media model was chosen to model the nettings in the CFD solver.Numerical data were compared with the experimental results of the physical model to validate the numerical models.Results showed that the numerical data were compatible with the experimental data with an average relative error of 2.34%,3.40%,6.50%,and 5.80%in the normal drag coefficients,parallel drag coefficients,inclined drag coefficients,and inclined lift coefficients,respectively.The hydrodynamic forces of the polyethylene and nylon nettings decreased by approxi-mately 52.56%and 66.66%,respectively,with decreasing net solidity.The drag and lift coefficients of the nylon netting were appro-ximately 17.15%and 6.72%lower than those of the polyethylene netting.A spatial development of turbulent flow occurred around the netting because of the netting wake.However,the flow velocity reduction downstream from the netting in the wake region in-creased with increasing attack angle and net solidity.In addition,the deformation,stress,and strain on each netting increased with in-creasing solidity ratio.展开更多
Numerous studies have been undertaken to improve the viability, durability and suitability of materials and methods used for aquaculture enclosures. While many of the previous studies considered macro-deformation of n...Numerous studies have been undertaken to improve the viability, durability and suitability of materials and methods used for aquaculture enclosures. While many of the previous studies considered macro-deformation of nets, there is a paucity of information on netting micro-deformation. When aquaculture pens are towed, industry operators have observed the motion described as ＂baffling＂ – the transverse oscillation of the net planes parallel and near parallel to the flow. The difficulty to observe and assess baffling motion in a controlled experimental environment is to sufficiently reproduce netting boundary conditions and the flow environment experienced at sea. The focus of the present study was to develop and assess experimental methods for visualisation and quantification of these transverse oscillations. Four netrig configurations with varied boundary conditions and model-netting properties were tested in a flume tank. While the Reynolds number was not equivalent to full-scale, usage of the pliable and fine mesh model netting that enabled baffling to develop at low flow velocities was deemed to be of a larger relevance to this initial study. Baffling was observed in the testing frame that constrained the net sheet on the leading edge, similarly to a flag attachment onto a pole. Baffling motion increased the hydrodynamic drag of the net by 35%–58% when compared to the previously developed formula for taut net sheets aligned parallel to the flow. Furthermore, it was found that the drag due to baffling decreased with the increasing velocity over the studied Reynolds numbers（below 200）; and the drag coefficient was non-linear for Reynolds numbers below 120. It is hypothesised that baffling motion is initially propagated by vortex shedding of the netting twine which causes the netting to oscillate; there after the restoring force causes unstable pressure differences on each side of the netting which excites the amplitude of the netting oscillations.展开更多
This study evaluated the hydrodynamic forces produced by whole panels of hand-made(geometrically different)rope meshes typically found in midwater trawls.Experimental treatments included both knotted and knotless mesh...This study evaluated the hydrodynamic forces produced by whole panels of hand-made(geometrically different)rope meshes typically found in midwater trawls.Experimental treatments included both knotted and knotless meshes constructed of helix composite ropes,conventional braided nylon(PA)ropes,and twisted polyethylene(PE)ropes.Direct measurement of lift(L)and drag(D)forces were conducted using controlled flume tank experiments on panels oriented at 21°relative to the flow.For knotted netting,our results showed that the hydrodynamic forces(L and D)were statistically higher for helix ropes compared to conventional ropes of the same diameter.For knotless netting constructed of helix ropes,our primary finding is that the arrangement of helix ropes(S and Z lay)in individual meshes significantly affects the resulting D and Cd of whole netting panels.Arranging the mesh bars in the S-Z-S-Z lay pattern exhibited 29%and 32%lower drag(D)compared to S–S–S–S and S–S-Z-Z lay meshes,respectively.We also use computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to characterize the finescale flow-field around helix and conventional ropes.The resulting streamlines and pressure contours provide a functional explanation for the empirical measurements collected in the flume tank.These results can be useful in informing the design of midwater trawls.展开更多
Knotless polyethylene(PE)netting is widely used in fisheries because of its excellent hydrodynamic performance and low cost.Netting deformation and the surrounding flow field distribution play an important role in det...Knotless polyethylene(PE)netting is widely used in fisheries because of its excellent hydrodynamic performance and low cost.Netting deformation and the surrounding flow field distribution play an important role in determining the hydrodynamic characteristics of netting in moving water.In order to investigate the effect of solidity ratio and attack angle on drag,netting deformation,and flow field distribution through the netting,a fluid-structure interaction(FSI)model based on a one-way coupling combining the shear stress turbulent(SST)k-omega model and the large deformation nonlinear structural finite element model was evaluated.Our results showed the difference between the parallel and normal drag forces found in the present numerical model and experimental flume tank data were 9.17%and 11.58%,respectively.The mean relative error in the inclined hydrodynamic drag for different flow velocities and attack angles was 8.35%,6.69%,and 5.37%for the nettings 1,2,and 3,respectively.These results show that the present numerical simulation based on FSI one-way coupling can be used to examine hydrodynamic forces on netting.The flow simulation results show that there is a noticeable flow velocity decrease through the netting and a rather large velocity reduction region downstream from the netting for different attack angles.These results reveal the existence of turbulent flow due to the netting wake.It was found that the equivalent stress and total deformation increase as the flow velocity increases and solidity ratio decreases.展开更多
Train Mass Rapid Transit(MRT)was put into service in 1987,and has since been augmented by and linked to the Light Rapid Transit.Combined,you can often get you within walking distance of most destinations.The maps on t...Train Mass Rapid Transit(MRT)was put into service in 1987,and has since been augmented by and linked to the Light Rapid Transit.Combined,you can often get you within walking distance of most destinations.The maps on the metro system are easy to read,complete with English version.You can easily purchase an EZ-Link card or a NETS Flashpay Card(stored value cards)at all MRT stations and bus interchange.展开更多
Deep Learning-based systems for Finger vein recognition have gained rising attention in recent years due to improved efficiency and enhanced security.The performance of existing CNN-based methods is limited by the pun...Deep Learning-based systems for Finger vein recognition have gained rising attention in recent years due to improved efficiency and enhanced security.The performance of existing CNN-based methods is limited by the puny generalization of learned features and deficiency of the finger vein image training data.Considering the concerns of existing methods,in this work,a simplified deep transfer learning-based framework for finger-vein recognition is developed using an EfficientNet model of deep learning with a self-attention mechanism.Data augmentation using various geometrical methods is employed to address the problem of training data shortage required for a deep learning model.The proposed model is tested using K-fold cross-validation on three publicly available datasets:HKPU,FVUSM,and SDUMLA.Also,the developed network is compared with other modern deep nets to check its effectiveness.In addition,a comparison of the proposed method with other existing Finger vein recognition(FVR)methods is also done.The experimental results exhibited superior recognition accuracy of the proposed method compared to other existing methods.In addition,the developed method proves to be more effective and less sophisticated at extracting robust features.The proposed EffAttenNet achieves an accuracy of 98.14%on HKPU,99.03%on FVUSM,and 99.50%on SDUMLA databases.展开更多
Math is the foundation of everything. The Chinese know this too well and have dominated international math competitions for years. So when the news came that U.S. high school students had won the first prize for a sec...Math is the foundation of everything. The Chinese know this too well and have dominated international math competitions for years. So when the news came that U.S. high school students had won the first prize for a second consecutive year at the Romanian Master of Mathematics 2019, it was no laughing matter.展开更多
This paper summarized the technical regulations for protected production of netted melon in Yantai City,primarily including technical measures such as the environmental requirements of the production area,cultivation ...This paper summarized the technical regulations for protected production of netted melon in Yantai City,primarily including technical measures such as the environmental requirements of the production area,cultivation techniques,pest and disease control,harvesting,packaging,storage,waste management,and production records for netted melon grown in facilities.The technical regulations aim to standardize the protected production of netted melon and enhance the level of standardized and normative production technology.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the postnatal development of parvalbumin(PV)-positive gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)interneurons and the co-expression of perineuronal nets(PNNs)and PV in the visual cortex of rats,as well as the reg...AIM:To investigate the postnatal development of parvalbumin(PV)-positive gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)interneurons and the co-expression of perineuronal nets(PNNs)and PV in the visual cortex of rats,as well as the regulatory effects of fluoxetine(FLX)treatment and binocular form deprivation(BFD)on these indices.METHODS:Wistar rats were assigned to three experimental cohorts:1)Age-related groups:postnatal week(PW)1,PW3,PW5,PW7,and PW9;2)FLX treatment duration groups:FLX 0W,FLX 2W,FLX 4W,FLX 6W,and FLX 8W;3)Intervention groups:control(Cont),FLX,BFD,and BFD+FLX.The levels of PNNs,PV,and PNNs/PV coexpression in the visual cortex were detected and analyzed.RESULTS:The density of PV-positive cells and the coexpression of PNNs and PV increased gradually with the maturation of the visual cortex(b=0.960,P<0.01).The ratio of PV-positive cells surrounded by PNNs to total PV-positive cells(PNNs+/PV+/total PV+)was significantly decreased in the FLX 4W group(χ^(2)=9.03,P=0.003).There was no significant difference in the PNNs+/PV+/total PV+ratio between the FLX and BFD groups(χ^(2)=1.08,P=0.161),but a significant difference was observed between the BFD+FLX group and the BFD group(χ^(2)=5.82,P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The number of PV-positive neurons and PNNs-surrounded PV neurons in the rat visual cortex increases postnatally and reaches adult levels by postnatal week 7.Chronic FLX treatment downregulates these expressions.Combined 4-week FLX treatment and BFD exerts a more significant inhibitory effect on the PNNs+/PV+/total PV+ratio than either intervention alone.展开更多
Malaria is a significant global health challenge.This devastating disease continues to affect millions,especially in tropical regions.It is caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes.Thi...Malaria is a significant global health challenge.This devastating disease continues to affect millions,especially in tropical regions.It is caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes.This study introduces a nonlinear mathematical model for examining the transmission dynamics of malaria,incorporating both human and mosquito populations.We aim to identify the key factors driving the endemic spread of malaria,determine feasible solutions,and provide insights that lead to the development of effective prevention and management strategies.We derive the basic reproductive number employing the next-generation matrix approach and identify the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points.Stability analyses indicate that the disease-free equilibrium is locally and globally stable when the reproductive number is below one,whereas an endemic equilibrium persists when this threshold is exceeded.Sensitivity analysis identifies the most influential mosquito-related parameters,particularly the bite rate and mosquito mortality,in controlling the spread of malaria.Furthermore,we extend our model to include a treatment compartment and three disease-preventive control variables such as antimalaria drug treatments,use of larvicides,and the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets for optimal control analysis.The results show that optimal use of mosquito nets,use of larvicides for mosquito population control,and treatment can lower the basic reproduction number and control malaria transmission with minimal intervention costs.The analysis of disease control strategies and findings offers valuable information for policymakers in designing cost-effective strategies to combat malaria.展开更多
基金National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2012CB525005)National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.51173022,51273038,51322304)
文摘An Anaphe panda silk nanofibers / nets( NFN) membrane with attractive structures consisting of common electrospun nanofibers and two-dimensional( 2D) spider-web-like structured nano-nets were successfully fabricated via electrospinning / netting technology. The unique structures of NFN membranes such as extremely small diameter( < 20 nm),high porosity,large specific surface area. and biocompatibility make this Anaphe panda silk NFN membrane a promising candidate for biomedical applications. In the present study, field emission scanning electron microscopy( FESEM) was used to investigate the influence of polymer solution and humidity on nano-nets coverage and morphology. The FE-SEM images revealed that nano-net coverage area increased with increase in concentration of solution while lowering the humidity increased the nano-nets formation. Moreover,the mechanical properties of the membrane were also tested and the result showed that the silk NFN membrane displayed a breaking stress of 3. 7 MPa and breaking strain of 13. 8%. For further structural elucidation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) was used to analyze the structural conformation changes from random coil to β-sheet in the NFN membrane which was an important factor effecting the usability of membrane. Thus,the results above confirmed the feasibility of Anaphe panda NFN structures applicability in cell tissue culture and other biomedical applications.
基金funded by the Kadoorie Farm and Botanical Garden and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China
文摘To understand better the impact on mist net capture rates of the activity height of birds, light intensity, bird richness and abundance, we compared data from mist nets and point counts at the Jianfengling Forest Area, Hainan Island. Mist-nets were operated for a total of 7135 net-hours. A total of 587 individuals of 45 bird species were captured. The total mean capture rate was 8.6 ± 10.4 per 100 net-hours. A total of 4932 individuals of 107 bird species were recorded by visual observation alone and 7616 individuals of 120 species were recorded in a visual and aural combination. The Grey-cheeked Fulvetta (Alcippe morrisonia) was the most abundant species, accounting for 38.7% of total captures, 27.9% of visual observations and 22.2% of visual + aural observations. The capture number was correlated with the number observed. Thirty-one species were more likely to be captured than observed. Canopy species, such as members of the Corvidae and Dicruridae, were seldom captured. For all ground feeding species, the capture number was greater than that of observation. Some cryptic species, such as the Lesser Wren Babbler (Napothera epilepidota), Spotnecked Babbler (Stachyris striolata) and Cuckoo Owl (Glaucidium cuculoides) also had a higher relative capture rate than that of observations. There was a significant relationship between light intensity and the number of birds captured.
基金This study was financially sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31902426,41806110)the Shanghai Sailing Program(No.19YF1419800)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFD 0901502)the Special Project for the Exploitation and Utilization of Antarctic Biological Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(No.D-8002-18-0097).
文摘Nettings are complex flexible structures used in various fisheries.Understanding the hydrodynamic characteristics,de-formation,and the flow field around nettings is important to design successful fishing gear.This study investigated the hydrodynamic characteristics and deformation of five nettings made of polyethylene and nylon materials in different attack angles through numeri-cal simulation and physical model experiment.The numerical model was based on the one-way coupling between computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and large deflection nonlinear structural models.Navier-Stokes equations were solved using the finite volume ap-proach,the flow was described using the k-ωshear stress turbulent model,and the large deflection structural dynamic equation was derived using a finite element approach to understand the netting deformation and nodal displacement.The porous media model was chosen to model the nettings in the CFD solver.Numerical data were compared with the experimental results of the physical model to validate the numerical models.Results showed that the numerical data were compatible with the experimental data with an average relative error of 2.34%,3.40%,6.50%,and 5.80%in the normal drag coefficients,parallel drag coefficients,inclined drag coefficients,and inclined lift coefficients,respectively.The hydrodynamic forces of the polyethylene and nylon nettings decreased by approxi-mately 52.56%and 66.66%,respectively,with decreasing net solidity.The drag and lift coefficients of the nylon netting were appro-ximately 17.15%and 6.72%lower than those of the polyethylene netting.A spatial development of turbulent flow occurred around the netting because of the netting wake.However,the flow velocity reduction downstream from the netting in the wake region in-creased with increasing attack angle and net solidity.In addition,the deformation,stress,and strain on each netting increased with in-creasing solidity ratio.
文摘Numerous studies have been undertaken to improve the viability, durability and suitability of materials and methods used for aquaculture enclosures. While many of the previous studies considered macro-deformation of nets, there is a paucity of information on netting micro-deformation. When aquaculture pens are towed, industry operators have observed the motion described as ＂baffling＂ – the transverse oscillation of the net planes parallel and near parallel to the flow. The difficulty to observe and assess baffling motion in a controlled experimental environment is to sufficiently reproduce netting boundary conditions and the flow environment experienced at sea. The focus of the present study was to develop and assess experimental methods for visualisation and quantification of these transverse oscillations. Four netrig configurations with varied boundary conditions and model-netting properties were tested in a flume tank. While the Reynolds number was not equivalent to full-scale, usage of the pliable and fine mesh model netting that enabled baffling to develop at low flow velocities was deemed to be of a larger relevance to this initial study. Baffling was observed in the testing frame that constrained the net sheet on the leading edge, similarly to a flag attachment onto a pole. Baffling motion increased the hydrodynamic drag of the net by 35%–58% when compared to the previously developed formula for taut net sheets aligned parallel to the flow. Furthermore, it was found that the drag due to baffling decreased with the increasing velocity over the studied Reynolds numbers（below 200）; and the drag coefficient was non-linear for Reynolds numbers below 120. It is hypothesised that baffling motion is initially propagated by vortex shedding of the netting twine which causes the netting to oscillate; there after the restoring force causes unstable pressure differences on each side of the netting which excites the amplitude of the netting oscillations.
基金This project was part of Module H of the Ocean Frontier Institute,funded by the Canada First Research Excellence Fund.
文摘This study evaluated the hydrodynamic forces produced by whole panels of hand-made(geometrically different)rope meshes typically found in midwater trawls.Experimental treatments included both knotted and knotless meshes constructed of helix composite ropes,conventional braided nylon(PA)ropes,and twisted polyethylene(PE)ropes.Direct measurement of lift(L)and drag(D)forces were conducted using controlled flume tank experiments on panels oriented at 21°relative to the flow.For knotted netting,our results showed that the hydrodynamic forces(L and D)were statistically higher for helix ropes compared to conventional ropes of the same diameter.For knotless netting constructed of helix ropes,our primary finding is that the arrangement of helix ropes(S and Z lay)in individual meshes significantly affects the resulting D and Cd of whole netting panels.Arranging the mesh bars in the S-Z-S-Z lay pattern exhibited 29%and 32%lower drag(D)compared to S–S–S–S and S–S-Z-Z lay meshes,respectively.We also use computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to characterize the finescale flow-field around helix and conventional ropes.The resulting streamlines and pressure contours provide a functional explanation for the empirical measurements collected in the flume tank.These results can be useful in informing the design of midwater trawls.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grand No.31902426,41806110)Shanghai Sailing Program(19YF1419800),China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(2018M630471)Special project for the exploitation and utilization of Antarctic biological resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(D-8002-18-0097).
文摘Knotless polyethylene(PE)netting is widely used in fisheries because of its excellent hydrodynamic performance and low cost.Netting deformation and the surrounding flow field distribution play an important role in determining the hydrodynamic characteristics of netting in moving water.In order to investigate the effect of solidity ratio and attack angle on drag,netting deformation,and flow field distribution through the netting,a fluid-structure interaction(FSI)model based on a one-way coupling combining the shear stress turbulent(SST)k-omega model and the large deformation nonlinear structural finite element model was evaluated.Our results showed the difference between the parallel and normal drag forces found in the present numerical model and experimental flume tank data were 9.17%and 11.58%,respectively.The mean relative error in the inclined hydrodynamic drag for different flow velocities and attack angles was 8.35%,6.69%,and 5.37%for the nettings 1,2,and 3,respectively.These results show that the present numerical simulation based on FSI one-way coupling can be used to examine hydrodynamic forces on netting.The flow simulation results show that there is a noticeable flow velocity decrease through the netting and a rather large velocity reduction region downstream from the netting for different attack angles.These results reveal the existence of turbulent flow due to the netting wake.It was found that the equivalent stress and total deformation increase as the flow velocity increases and solidity ratio decreases.
文摘Train Mass Rapid Transit(MRT)was put into service in 1987,and has since been augmented by and linked to the Light Rapid Transit.Combined,you can often get you within walking distance of most destinations.The maps on the metro system are easy to read,complete with English version.You can easily purchase an EZ-Link card or a NETS Flashpay Card(stored value cards)at all MRT stations and bus interchange.
文摘Deep Learning-based systems for Finger vein recognition have gained rising attention in recent years due to improved efficiency and enhanced security.The performance of existing CNN-based methods is limited by the puny generalization of learned features and deficiency of the finger vein image training data.Considering the concerns of existing methods,in this work,a simplified deep transfer learning-based framework for finger-vein recognition is developed using an EfficientNet model of deep learning with a self-attention mechanism.Data augmentation using various geometrical methods is employed to address the problem of training data shortage required for a deep learning model.The proposed model is tested using K-fold cross-validation on three publicly available datasets:HKPU,FVUSM,and SDUMLA.Also,the developed network is compared with other modern deep nets to check its effectiveness.In addition,a comparison of the proposed method with other existing Finger vein recognition(FVR)methods is also done.The experimental results exhibited superior recognition accuracy of the proposed method compared to other existing methods.In addition,the developed method proves to be more effective and less sophisticated at extracting robust features.The proposed EffAttenNet achieves an accuracy of 98.14%on HKPU,99.03%on FVUSM,and 99.50%on SDUMLA databases.
文摘Math is the foundation of everything. The Chinese know this too well and have dominated international math competitions for years. So when the news came that U.S. high school students had won the first prize for a second consecutive year at the Romanian Master of Mathematics 2019, it was no laughing matter.
基金Supported by The Teaching Reform Research Project of Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University(202302Ks)Yantai Local Standard Revision Program(DB 3706/T 73-2021).
文摘This paper summarized the technical regulations for protected production of netted melon in Yantai City,primarily including technical measures such as the environmental requirements of the production area,cultivation techniques,pest and disease control,harvesting,packaging,storage,waste management,and production records for netted melon grown in facilities.The technical regulations aim to standardize the protected production of netted melon and enhance the level of standardized and normative production technology.
基金Supported by the Suzhou Science and Technology Bureau(No.SKY2023175)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection+6 种基金Soochow University(No.GZK1202309)the Advantage Subject Lifting Project(No.XKTJ-XK202412)the Suzhou Science and Education for Strengthening Healthcare(No.MSXM2024010)the Suzhou Medical Key Supported Disciplines(No.SZFCXK202118)the Youth Scientific Research Fund Project of Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2024QNJJ06)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.SJCX23_1673)the Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship,Soochow University(No.202310285162Y).
文摘AIM:To investigate the postnatal development of parvalbumin(PV)-positive gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)interneurons and the co-expression of perineuronal nets(PNNs)and PV in the visual cortex of rats,as well as the regulatory effects of fluoxetine(FLX)treatment and binocular form deprivation(BFD)on these indices.METHODS:Wistar rats were assigned to three experimental cohorts:1)Age-related groups:postnatal week(PW)1,PW3,PW5,PW7,and PW9;2)FLX treatment duration groups:FLX 0W,FLX 2W,FLX 4W,FLX 6W,and FLX 8W;3)Intervention groups:control(Cont),FLX,BFD,and BFD+FLX.The levels of PNNs,PV,and PNNs/PV coexpression in the visual cortex were detected and analyzed.RESULTS:The density of PV-positive cells and the coexpression of PNNs and PV increased gradually with the maturation of the visual cortex(b=0.960,P<0.01).The ratio of PV-positive cells surrounded by PNNs to total PV-positive cells(PNNs+/PV+/total PV+)was significantly decreased in the FLX 4W group(χ^(2)=9.03,P=0.003).There was no significant difference in the PNNs+/PV+/total PV+ratio between the FLX and BFD groups(χ^(2)=1.08,P=0.161),but a significant difference was observed between the BFD+FLX group and the BFD group(χ^(2)=5.82,P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The number of PV-positive neurons and PNNs-surrounded PV neurons in the rat visual cortex increases postnatally and reaches adult levels by postnatal week 7.Chronic FLX treatment downregulates these expressions.Combined 4-week FLX treatment and BFD exerts a more significant inhibitory effect on the PNNs+/PV+/total PV+ratio than either intervention alone.
基金supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research,Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia[Grant No.KFU252959].
文摘Malaria is a significant global health challenge.This devastating disease continues to affect millions,especially in tropical regions.It is caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes.This study introduces a nonlinear mathematical model for examining the transmission dynamics of malaria,incorporating both human and mosquito populations.We aim to identify the key factors driving the endemic spread of malaria,determine feasible solutions,and provide insights that lead to the development of effective prevention and management strategies.We derive the basic reproductive number employing the next-generation matrix approach and identify the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points.Stability analyses indicate that the disease-free equilibrium is locally and globally stable when the reproductive number is below one,whereas an endemic equilibrium persists when this threshold is exceeded.Sensitivity analysis identifies the most influential mosquito-related parameters,particularly the bite rate and mosquito mortality,in controlling the spread of malaria.Furthermore,we extend our model to include a treatment compartment and three disease-preventive control variables such as antimalaria drug treatments,use of larvicides,and the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets for optimal control analysis.The results show that optimal use of mosquito nets,use of larvicides for mosquito population control,and treatment can lower the basic reproduction number and control malaria transmission with minimal intervention costs.The analysis of disease control strategies and findings offers valuable information for policymakers in designing cost-effective strategies to combat malaria.
