The effect of biofouling on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the net cage is of particular interest as biofouled nettings can significantly reduce flow of well-oxygenated water reaching the stocked fish. For comput...The effect of biofouling on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the net cage is of particular interest as biofouled nettings can significantly reduce flow of well-oxygenated water reaching the stocked fish. For computational efficiency, the porous-media fluid model is proposed to simulate flow through the biofouled plane net and full-scale net cage. The porous coefficients of the porous-media fluid model can be determined from the quadratic-function relationship between the hydrodynamic forces on a plane net and the flow velocity using the least squares method. In this study, drag forces on and flow fields around five plane nets with different levels of biofouling are calculated by use of the proposed model. The numerical results are compared with the experimental data of Swift et al.（2006） and the effectiveness of the numerical model is presented. On that basis, flow through full-scale net cages with the same level of biofouling as the tested plane nets are modeled. The flow fields inside and around biofouled net cages are analyzed and the drag force acting on a net cage is estimated by a control volume analysis method. According to the numerical results, empirical formulas of reduction in flow velocity and load on a net cage are derived as function of drag coefficient of the corresponding biofouled netting.展开更多
With the increasing impacts of overfishing and environmental pollution,the deep-sea cage culture of marine fishes has become an important direction of mariculture.In this paper,a tuna-like robotic fish with a three-di...With the increasing impacts of overfishing and environmental pollution,the deep-sea cage culture of marine fishes has become an important direction of mariculture.In this paper,a tuna-like robotic fish with a three-dimensional helix path-following control system is designed for deep-sea net cage inspection.To mimic the flexibility of the fish’s movement,the kinematic model of the robotic fish adopts a tuna-like double-joint design with an addi-tional thruster device at the tail.Since the descending interval control plays a critical role in deep-sea net cage inspection,the control system utilizes the proportion integration differ-entiation(PID)based fuzzy logic control method to control the descending interval and yaw angle during the helix path movement.A polar coordinate path definition method is also proposed to simplify the reference path definition during net cage inspection.The experi-mental results demonstrates that the proposed three-dimensional path-following model can conduct net inspection task in an interferential environment and move along prede-fined reference path.展开更多
A simulation method based on the lumped mass model is proposed for determining the dynamic behavior of nets exposed to a uniform current. Every mesh bar is modeled by a linear bar clement. The lumped mass point is set...A simulation method based on the lumped mass model is proposed for determining the dynamic behavior of nets exposed to a uniform current. Every mesh bar is modeled by a linear bar clement. The lumped mass point is set at the ends of each element. The net can be simulated by a discretized model consisting of many point masses and elements without mass. 3D shapes and the distribution of tensions of the net at different moments can be found from time integration of a set of motion equations with a computer program. Two nets are simulated according to reference experiments. Calculated results are in accordance with experimental results. The method is applicable and can be applied to improving design of, and research into other flexible structures, such as net cages.展开更多
The goal of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of two commonly used approaches to discretize offshore fish cages： the lumped-mass approach and the finite element technique. Two case studies are chosen to...The goal of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of two commonly used approaches to discretize offshore fish cages： the lumped-mass approach and the finite element technique. Two case studies are chosen to compare predictions of the LMA（lumped-mass approach） and FEA（finite element analysis） based numerical modeling techniques. In both case studies, we consider several loading conditions consisting of different uniform currents and monochromatic waves. We investigate motion of the cage, its deformation, and the resultant tension in the mooring lines. Both model predictions are sufficient close to the experimental data, but for the first experiment, the DUT-Flex Sim predictions are slightly more accurate than the ones provided by Aqua-FETM. According to the comparisons, both models can be successfully utilized to the design and analysis of the offshore fish cages provided that an appropriate safety factor is chosen.展开更多
In the present study, the dynamic response of a coupled SPM-feeder-cage system under irregular waves and shear currents is analyzed. A numerical model is developed by using the commercial software Orca Flex. Hydrodyna...In the present study, the dynamic response of a coupled SPM-feeder-cage system under irregular waves and shear currents is analyzed. A numerical model is developed by using the commercial software Orca Flex. Hydrodynamics coefficients of the vessel are calculated by using a 3D diffraction/radiation panel program. First- and second-order wave forces are included in the calculations. Morison equation is used to compute the drag force on line elements representing the net. Drag coefficients are determined at every time step in the simulation considering the relative normal velocity between the structural elements and the fluid flow. The dynamic response of the coupled system is analyzed for various environments and net materials. The results of the study show the effects of solidity ratio of the net and vertical positions of the cage on the overall dynamic response of the system, confirming the viability of this type of configuration for future development of offshore aquaculture in deep waters.展开更多
The current storm wave hazard assessment tends to rely on a statistical method using wave models and fewer historical data which do not consider the effects of tidal and storm surge.In this paper,the wave-current coup...The current storm wave hazard assessment tends to rely on a statistical method using wave models and fewer historical data which do not consider the effects of tidal and storm surge.In this paper,the wave-current coupled model ADCIRC+SWAN was used to hindcast storm events in the last 30 years.We simulated storm wave on the basis of a large set of historical storms in the North-West Pacific Basin between 1985 and 2015 in Houshui Bay using the wave-current coupled model ADCIRC+SWAN to obtain the storm wave level maps.The results were used for the statistical analysis of the maximum significant wave heights in Houshui Bay and the behavior of wave associated with storm track.Comparisons made between observations and simulated results during typhoon Rammasun(2014)indicate agreement.In addition,results demonstrate that significant wave height in Houshui Bay is dominated by the storm wind velocity and the storm track.Two groups of synthetic storm tracks were designed to further investigate the worst case of typhoon scenarios.The storm wave analysis method developed for the Houshui Bay is significant in assisting government's decision-making in rational planning of deep sea net-cage culture.The method can be applied to other bays in the Hainan Island as well.展开更多
A model for the calculation of velocity reduction behind a fishing net is proposed in this paper. Comparisons are made between the calculated results and experimental data. It is shown that by the application of the e...A model for the calculation of velocity reduction behind a fishing net is proposed in this paper. Comparisons are made between the calculated results and experimental data. It is shown that by the application of the effective adjacent area coefficient of fluid flowing around a solid structure to the fishing net, the calculated results agree well with the experimental data. The model proposed in this paper can also be applied to the analysis of the velocity reduction within a fishing cage and can be introduced into the numerical simulation of the hydrodynamic behavior of fishing cages for the improvement of computational accuracy.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51239002 and 51221961)the Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2014008)
文摘The effect of biofouling on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the net cage is of particular interest as biofouled nettings can significantly reduce flow of well-oxygenated water reaching the stocked fish. For computational efficiency, the porous-media fluid model is proposed to simulate flow through the biofouled plane net and full-scale net cage. The porous coefficients of the porous-media fluid model can be determined from the quadratic-function relationship between the hydrodynamic forces on a plane net and the flow velocity using the least squares method. In this study, drag forces on and flow fields around five plane nets with different levels of biofouling are calculated by use of the proposed model. The numerical results are compared with the experimental data of Swift et al.（2006） and the effectiveness of the numerical model is presented. On that basis, flow through full-scale net cages with the same level of biofouling as the tested plane nets are modeled. The flow fields inside and around biofouled net cages are analyzed and the drag force acting on a net cage is estimated by a control volume analysis method. According to the numerical results, empirical formulas of reduction in flow velocity and load on a net cage are derived as function of drag coefficient of the corresponding biofouled netting.
基金This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFD0901000)the Key Technical Cooperation of Coastal Deep-water Probe(Grant No.2015DFA00090).
文摘With the increasing impacts of overfishing and environmental pollution,the deep-sea cage culture of marine fishes has become an important direction of mariculture.In this paper,a tuna-like robotic fish with a three-dimensional helix path-following control system is designed for deep-sea net cage inspection.To mimic the flexibility of the fish’s movement,the kinematic model of the robotic fish adopts a tuna-like double-joint design with an addi-tional thruster device at the tail.Since the descending interval control plays a critical role in deep-sea net cage inspection,the control system utilizes the proportion integration differ-entiation(PID)based fuzzy logic control method to control the descending interval and yaw angle during the helix path movement.A polar coordinate path definition method is also proposed to simplify the reference path definition during net cage inspection.The experi-mental results demonstrates that the proposed three-dimensional path-following model can conduct net inspection task in an interferential environment and move along prede-fined reference path.
基金This project was financially supported by the High Technology Research and Development Program of China (GrantNo.2001AA623030 and No.2003AA623030)
文摘A simulation method based on the lumped mass model is proposed for determining the dynamic behavior of nets exposed to a uniform current. Every mesh bar is modeled by a linear bar clement. The lumped mass point is set at the ends of each element. The net can be simulated by a discretized model consisting of many point masses and elements without mass. 3D shapes and the distribution of tensions of the net at different moments can be found from time integration of a set of motion equations with a computer program. Two nets are simulated according to reference experiments. Calculated results are in accordance with experimental results. The method is applicable and can be applied to improving design of, and research into other flexible structures, such as net cages.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51239002 and 51221961)Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2014008)
文摘The goal of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of two commonly used approaches to discretize offshore fish cages： the lumped-mass approach and the finite element technique. Two case studies are chosen to compare predictions of the LMA（lumped-mass approach） and FEA（finite element analysis） based numerical modeling techniques. In both case studies, we consider several loading conditions consisting of different uniform currents and monochromatic waves. We investigate motion of the cage, its deformation, and the resultant tension in the mooring lines. Both model predictions are sufficient close to the experimental data, but for the first experiment, the DUT-Flex Sim predictions are slightly more accurate than the ones provided by Aqua-FETM. According to the comparisons, both models can be successfully utilized to the design and analysis of the offshore fish cages provided that an appropriate safety factor is chosen.
基金Kampachi Farms LLC for their support to complete this work and for all the technical information provided to complete the numerical model
文摘In the present study, the dynamic response of a coupled SPM-feeder-cage system under irregular waves and shear currents is analyzed. A numerical model is developed by using the commercial software Orca Flex. Hydrodynamics coefficients of the vessel are calculated by using a 3D diffraction/radiation panel program. First- and second-order wave forces are included in the calculations. Morison equation is used to compute the drag force on line elements representing the net. Drag coefficients are determined at every time step in the simulation considering the relative normal velocity between the structural elements and the fluid flow. The dynamic response of the coupled system is analyzed for various environments and net materials. The results of the study show the effects of solidity ratio of the net and vertical positions of the cage on the overall dynamic response of the system, confirming the viability of this type of configuration for future development of offshore aquaculture in deep waters.
基金supported by the Technology Development Foundation for Research Institutes of Hainan Province(No.TV45987)
文摘The current storm wave hazard assessment tends to rely on a statistical method using wave models and fewer historical data which do not consider the effects of tidal and storm surge.In this paper,the wave-current coupled model ADCIRC+SWAN was used to hindcast storm events in the last 30 years.We simulated storm wave on the basis of a large set of historical storms in the North-West Pacific Basin between 1985 and 2015 in Houshui Bay using the wave-current coupled model ADCIRC+SWAN to obtain the storm wave level maps.The results were used for the statistical analysis of the maximum significant wave heights in Houshui Bay and the behavior of wave associated with storm track.Comparisons made between observations and simulated results during typhoon Rammasun(2014)indicate agreement.In addition,results demonstrate that significant wave height in Houshui Bay is dominated by the storm wind velocity and the storm track.Two groups of synthetic storm tracks were designed to further investigate the worst case of typhoon scenarios.The storm wave analysis method developed for the Houshui Bay is significant in assisting government's decision-making in rational planning of deep sea net-cage culture.The method can be applied to other bays in the Hainan Island as well.
基金The work was financially supported bythe National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50279002) theNational 863 High Technology Development Plan Project (Grant Nos .2001AA623010 and 2003AA623010) theProgramfor Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Teams in Universities (PCSIRT) (Grant No.IRT0420) .
文摘A model for the calculation of velocity reduction behind a fishing net is proposed in this paper. Comparisons are made between the calculated results and experimental data. It is shown that by the application of the effective adjacent area coefficient of fluid flowing around a solid structure to the fishing net, the calculated results agree well with the experimental data. The model proposed in this paper can also be applied to the analysis of the velocity reduction within a fishing cage and can be introduced into the numerical simulation of the hydrodynamic behavior of fishing cages for the improvement of computational accuracy.
