Neptunea cumingii is an important nutrition-rich economic species in China.Juveniles of N.cumingii suff er from high mortality at low temperatures,which has proved a limiting factor in raising seedlings in artifi cial...Neptunea cumingii is an important nutrition-rich economic species in China.Juveniles of N.cumingii suff er from high mortality at low temperatures,which has proved a limiting factor in raising seedlings in artifi cial habitats.Previous research has shown that N.cumingii displays aggregation behavior in response to adverse environmental changes.Therefore,we determined the eff ects of temperature,food,size of juvenile snails,substratum type,and density of juvenile snails on the aggregation behavior of N.cumingii.Results show that,at a low(4°C)or a high(22°C)temperature,juvenile snails adjusted to the inhospitable environment by exhibiting increased aggregation behavior.However,their aggregation behaviors diff ered at these two temperatures.There was no signifi cant diff erence in the aggregation rate,but the typical aggregation size was larger at 4°C than at 22°C.At 10°C or 16°C,aggregation behavior of juvenile snails reduced.Aggregation increased in the satiation treatment at 10°C and 16°C.Small-sized juveniles tended to have higher aggregation rates(92.22%)and a larger typical aggregation size.More juveniles were distributed in the bottom of shaded substrata.A larger typical aggregation size or higher density signifi cantly reduced the mortality of juvenile snails at a low temperature(4°C).These results broaden our understanding of gastropod aggregation behavior and can be used to develop and improve commercial breeding strategies and resource recovery for N.cumingii.展开更多
底栖动物是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,在调控海洋生态系统的物质循环和能量流动过程中扮演了关键角色。腹足类动物通过捕食与被捕食行为调控着底栖生态系统的稳定性,研究腹足类生物的食性有助于我们理解这一调控过程。香螺(Neptunea c...底栖动物是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,在调控海洋生态系统的物质循环和能量流动过程中扮演了关键角色。腹足类动物通过捕食与被捕食行为调控着底栖生态系统的稳定性,研究腹足类生物的食性有助于我们理解这一调控过程。香螺(Neptunea cumingii)是我国北方海域一种重要的腹足类动物,具备极高的生态价值和经济价值。但是,我们对其食性组成及生态功能的了解并不透彻。因此,有必要探明自然条件下香螺现场食物组成,提升对腹足类动物在我国北方海域底栖生态系统中所起调控作用的认识。本研究借助4份野生香螺胃含物样品,以18Sr DNAV4区和V9区为标靶,利用DNA宏条形码技术对其胃含物真核生物进行分析。结果显示,在4个样品中,18S rDNA V4区和V9区共分别获得265,161条和221,998条高质量序列,分别占各自原始序列的93.16%和86.54%,分别注释到141个和490个OTUs;虽然18SrDNAV4区获得的优质序列数及占比均更高,但其注释到的物种数比18Sr DNAV9区偏少。两个可变区所有OTUs分属17个门类,包括动物界10门、真菌界5门、植物界1门,以及SAR超类群,包括不等鞭毛生物(Stramenopiles)、囊泡虫(Alveolates)和有孔虫(Rhizaria);在纲水平上,腹足纲、辅鳍鱼纲、吸虫纲和色矛纲相对丰度在两个可变区中均排名前十;在OTU水平上,两个可变区中3个以上样品中均有检出的物种仅分别占5.67%和8.08%,且其共同属于软体动物门、脊椎动物亚门、子囊菌门及SAR超类群。总体上,18S r DNA V4区和V9区两段DNA条形码分析结果显示,香螺胃含物中真核生物种类丰富,包括动物(如环节动物、节肢动物、软体动物)、真菌、植物和原生生物,其中最丰富的类群是腹足类、鱼类、吸虫和真菌。在多个样本中只检测到一小部分共有OTUs,这表明不同香螺摄食种类多变。结果表明,香螺现场食性是一种机会主义捕食者,动物尸体及海底沉积物可能是香螺自然状态下主要食物来源,但同时其具备一定的清理附着生物潜能及植食性能力,饵料可驯化性较强。其饵料组成受生存微环境影响较大,具备一定的饵料驯化潜力。研究结果为深入了解香螺在海洋生态系统中的作用提供了数据支持,并为香螺人工养殖饵料配比研究提供了新见解。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFD0900800)the fund earmarked for the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(No.CARS-49)+5 种基金the Major Scientifi c and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.2019JZZY020708)the Industry Leading Talents Project of Taishan Scholars(to ZHANG Tao),the Double-Hundred Blue Industry Leader Team of Yantai(to ZHANG Tao)the Construction Technology and Demonstration Application of Dandong Characteristic Beach Type Marine Ranch(No.KFJ-STS-QYZD-189)the Shandong Peninsula Coastal Area Ecological Simulation Test Project:Marine Ranch Resource Evaluation and Sustainable Utilization Model ResearchNSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers(No.U1406403)the Creative Team Project of the Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(No.LMEES-CTSP-2018-1)。
文摘Neptunea cumingii is an important nutrition-rich economic species in China.Juveniles of N.cumingii suff er from high mortality at low temperatures,which has proved a limiting factor in raising seedlings in artifi cial habitats.Previous research has shown that N.cumingii displays aggregation behavior in response to adverse environmental changes.Therefore,we determined the eff ects of temperature,food,size of juvenile snails,substratum type,and density of juvenile snails on the aggregation behavior of N.cumingii.Results show that,at a low(4°C)or a high(22°C)temperature,juvenile snails adjusted to the inhospitable environment by exhibiting increased aggregation behavior.However,their aggregation behaviors diff ered at these two temperatures.There was no signifi cant diff erence in the aggregation rate,but the typical aggregation size was larger at 4°C than at 22°C.At 10°C or 16°C,aggregation behavior of juvenile snails reduced.Aggregation increased in the satiation treatment at 10°C and 16°C.Small-sized juveniles tended to have higher aggregation rates(92.22%)and a larger typical aggregation size.More juveniles were distributed in the bottom of shaded substrata.A larger typical aggregation size or higher density signifi cantly reduced the mortality of juvenile snails at a low temperature(4°C).These results broaden our understanding of gastropod aggregation behavior and can be used to develop and improve commercial breeding strategies and resource recovery for N.cumingii.
文摘底栖动物是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,在调控海洋生态系统的物质循环和能量流动过程中扮演了关键角色。腹足类动物通过捕食与被捕食行为调控着底栖生态系统的稳定性,研究腹足类生物的食性有助于我们理解这一调控过程。香螺(Neptunea cumingii)是我国北方海域一种重要的腹足类动物,具备极高的生态价值和经济价值。但是,我们对其食性组成及生态功能的了解并不透彻。因此,有必要探明自然条件下香螺现场食物组成,提升对腹足类动物在我国北方海域底栖生态系统中所起调控作用的认识。本研究借助4份野生香螺胃含物样品,以18Sr DNAV4区和V9区为标靶,利用DNA宏条形码技术对其胃含物真核生物进行分析。结果显示,在4个样品中,18S rDNA V4区和V9区共分别获得265,161条和221,998条高质量序列,分别占各自原始序列的93.16%和86.54%,分别注释到141个和490个OTUs;虽然18SrDNAV4区获得的优质序列数及占比均更高,但其注释到的物种数比18Sr DNAV9区偏少。两个可变区所有OTUs分属17个门类,包括动物界10门、真菌界5门、植物界1门,以及SAR超类群,包括不等鞭毛生物(Stramenopiles)、囊泡虫(Alveolates)和有孔虫(Rhizaria);在纲水平上,腹足纲、辅鳍鱼纲、吸虫纲和色矛纲相对丰度在两个可变区中均排名前十;在OTU水平上,两个可变区中3个以上样品中均有检出的物种仅分别占5.67%和8.08%,且其共同属于软体动物门、脊椎动物亚门、子囊菌门及SAR超类群。总体上,18S r DNA V4区和V9区两段DNA条形码分析结果显示,香螺胃含物中真核生物种类丰富,包括动物(如环节动物、节肢动物、软体动物)、真菌、植物和原生生物,其中最丰富的类群是腹足类、鱼类、吸虫和真菌。在多个样本中只检测到一小部分共有OTUs,这表明不同香螺摄食种类多变。结果表明,香螺现场食性是一种机会主义捕食者,动物尸体及海底沉积物可能是香螺自然状态下主要食物来源,但同时其具备一定的清理附着生物潜能及植食性能力,饵料可驯化性较强。其饵料组成受生存微环境影响较大,具备一定的饵料驯化潜力。研究结果为深入了解香螺在海洋生态系统中的作用提供了数据支持,并为香螺人工养殖饵料配比研究提供了新见解。
