Hard coal is an important source of energy worldwide.Owing to the imperfections of excavation technology,most run-of-mine coals must be processed before they can be utilised as fuel.In this study,tests on the dry sepa...Hard coal is an important source of energy worldwide.Owing to the imperfections of excavation technology,most run-of-mine coals must be processed before they can be utilised as fuel.In this study,tests on the dry separation process were performed with numerous different raw hard coal and coal waste material samples,using a newly designed and constructed negative-pressure pneumatic separator(NPPS).The experiments revealed the effects of the feed-material properties and material processing conditions.These experiments were preceded by additional tests for evaluating the influence of each device operating parameter on the process,to determine the optimal method of supplying the feed material.The calorific value of the processed materials was improved by 5%–40%,while a minimal output yield of products(60%–70%)was maintained.The trials indicated that in coal material processing,the developed NPPS can be used for not only raw coal enrichment but also coal recovery from materials stored at coal-waste dumps.The main advantages of the device are its mobility,low material processing cost,and lack of water consumption during operation.展开更多
Safflower is one of the most important oil crops worldwide.To improve the efficiency and quality of harvesting soft safflower filaments,minimize filament damage by the blade,and ensure the integrity of the filaments,a...Safflower is one of the most important oil crops worldwide.To improve the efficiency and quality of harvesting soft safflower filaments,minimize filament damage by the blade,and ensure the integrity of the filaments,an end-effector with a rotary push-cut-type negative-pressure airflow was designed.The design of the rotary blade edge curve was based on Archimedean and logarithmic spirals.The effect of the Archimedean spiral on the pushing of the scattered filaments was investigated.The rotary-cutting force and speed of the logarithmic helix on the soft filaments were analyzed.The sliding cut angle and feed speed of the blade are the key factors governing filament removal and damage.A simulation model of the cutting chamber flow field was established for the change in airflow with the position and speed rotation of the blade,allowing analysis of the parameters of the negative-pressure airflow.Single-factor and Box-Behnken tests were performed with the sliding cut angle,blade feed speed,and negative-pressure airflow speed as influencing factors and filament removal,damage,and drop rate as indices.The response surface clarified the effects of various factors on these indices.Optimal parameters were a sliding cut angle of 32.20°,a blade feeding speed of 0.031 m/s,and a negative-pressure airflow speed of 4.57 m/s.The corresponding filament removal,damage,and drop rates were 93.47%,6.94%,and 4.33%,respectively.Optimization results showed that filament removal,damage,and drop rates were 93.50%,7.02%,and 4.43%,respectively.The harvesting process met the requirements of high efficiency and low damage.展开更多
Negative-pressure wound therapy(NPWT) has been a successful modality of wound management which is in widespread use in several surgical fields. The main mechanisms of action thought to play a role in enhancing wound h...Negative-pressure wound therapy(NPWT) has been a successful modality of wound management which is in widespread use in several surgical fields. The main mechanisms of action thought to play a role in enhancing wound healing and preventing surgical site infection are macrodeformation and microdeformation of the wound bed, fluid removal, and stabilization of the wound environment. Due to the devastating consequences of infection in the setting of joint arthroplasty, there has been some interest in the use of NPWT following total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty. However, there is still a scarcity of data reporting on the use of NPWT within this field and most studies are limited by small sample sizes, high variability of clinical settings and end-points. There is little evidence to support the use of NPWT as an adjunctive treatment for surgical wound drainage, and for this reason surgical intervention should not be delayed when indicated. The prophylactic use of NPWT after arthroplasty in patients that are at high risk for postoperative wound drainage appears to have the strongest clinical evidence. Several clinical trialsincluding single-use NPWT devices for this purpose are currently in progress and this may soon be incorporated in clinical guidelines as a mean to prevent periprosthetic joint infections.展开更多
AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel enteroscope,negative-pressure suction endoscope in examining the small intestine of a porcine model.METHODS In vitro experiments in small intestinal loops from 20pig...AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel enteroscope,negative-pressure suction endoscope in examining the small intestine of a porcine model.METHODS In vitro experiments in small intestinal loops from 20pigs and in vivo experiments in 20 living pigs were conducted.RESULTS In in vitro experiments,a negative pressure of>0.06MPa was necessary for optimal visualization of the intestine,and this pressure did not cause gross or histological damage to the mucosa.For satisfactory examination of the small intestine in vivo,higher negative pressure(>1.00 MPa)was required.Despite this higher pressure,the small intestine did not show any gross or microscopic damage in the suctioned areas.The average time of examination in the living animals was 60±7.67 min.The animals did not experience any apparent ill effects from the procedure.CONCLUSION Small intestine endoscope was safely performed within a reasonable time period and enabled complete visualization of the intestine in most cases.展开更多
The design of photocatalysts for the stable and efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)without sacrificial agents remains challenging.In this study,Fe atoms were anchored on the surface of TiO_(2)with atomic-leve...The design of photocatalysts for the stable and efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)without sacrificial agents remains challenging.In this study,Fe atoms were anchored on the surface of TiO_(2)with atomic-level dispersion using a novel negative-pressure encapsulation and pyrolysis strategy.The photoelectrochemical test results confirmed that the introduction of single Fe atoms accelerated the separation of photogenerated carriers and enhanced the TiO_(2)utilization rate of visible light.The optimal catalyst with atomically dispersed Fe showed excellent photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)to CO(48.2μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1))and CH4(113.4μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)),whereas the TiO_(2)system produced only trace amounts of CO(2.7μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)).The increased CO_(2)adsorption energy and movement of the d-band center toward the Fermi level confirmed that single Fe sites were more favorable for the adsorption of CO_(2).The differential charge density distribution of CO_(2)adsorbed on the catalyst surface confirmed the rapid transfer of electrons along the Ti-O-Fe-C path,and the Gibbs free energy calculation further confirmed that the Fe sites were conducive to reducing the energy barrier required for the reaction.In addition,the key intermediate(*COOH)of CO_(2)conversion to CH4 was detected by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy,and a possible reaction pathway was proposed.This work provides an effective strategy for designing single-atom catalysts that can efficiently reduce CO_(2)to high-value-added products.展开更多
Objective To investigate the application of transposition flaps in the reconstruction of perianal skin defects after tumor resection.Methods From September 2018 to December 2019,16 cases of perianal skin defects were ...Objective To investigate the application of transposition flaps in the reconstruction of perianal skin defects after tumor resection.Methods From September 2018 to December 2019,16 cases of perianal skin defects were repaired with unilateral or bilateral transposition flaps.The wound size before closure ranged from 4 cm×8 cm to 7 cm×10 cm.Fourteen patients achieved primary healing.Wound dehiscence occurred in one patient at the flap tip,whereas a slight infection occurred in another patient,which healed after a dressing change.During the follow-up period of 3–6 months,all patients were satisfied with the perianal area both aesthetically and functionally.Conclusion Transposition flaps are a promising option for the repair of perianal skin defects after tumor removal.Owing to the simplicity of the flap design,the wide popularity of this flap type among surgeons is anticipated.展开更多
Purpose： To further study the mechanism of epithelization on the fascia side of the flap after surgical incision and the treatment of the negative pressure therapy. Methods： With the patients＇ informed consent, par...Purpose： To further study the mechanism of epithelization on the fascia side of the flap after surgical incision and the treatment of the negative pressure therapy. Methods： With the patients＇ informed consent, parts of tissue samples were obtained from a 51-year-old diabetic patient who was suffering lower extremity ulcers. The samples were processed with hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining and Masson trichrome staining. The keratin 19, keratin 15 and carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） were immunohistochemically detected. Results： The results of HE staining showed that the specimen was divided into two regions, newborn area and original epithelial area. There were more inflammatory cells infiltrating in the dermis in the newborn epithelial area, compared with the original epithelial area. Cells in newborn epithelial area were more active and many dinuclear and polynuclear cells were observed in newborn epithelial area. But there were more cuticular layers and obvious rete pegs in original epithelial area. In addition, the cells with keratin 19 and CEA positive were found around hair follicle, while keratin 15 was negative. Masson trichrome staining showed that there was a lot of de novo collagen in newborn epithelial area. Conclusion： Epidermal cells on the fascia side of the flap could be derived from the stem cells. Negative pressure wound therapy would attract not only cells but also other elements such as growth factors, cytokines, some nutrients and extracellular matrix. With the formation of the appropriate microenvironment after debridement, the migrated cells can grow, differentiate and spread, eventually leading to the epithelization on the fascia side of the flap in diabetic foot.展开更多
Purpose： To get the maximum benefit of vacuum-assisted closure （VAC） in the management of acute and chronic wounds without abuse or misuse. Methods： Fourty one patients were included in the study. Among them, 9 pa...Purpose： To get the maximum benefit of vacuum-assisted closure （VAC） in the management of acute and chronic wounds without abuse or misuse. Methods： Fourty one patients were included in the study. Among them, 9 patients had chronic wounds and the rest 32 patients had acute wounds. In acute wounds, 19 patients had co-morbid conditions. Seven patients had gaped wounds, 4 patients had necrotizing fasciitis and 2 patients had enter- ocutaneous fistula. Results： The hospitalization period varied from 1 to 6 weeks. The follow-up period was up to 6 months. No mortality was recorded during this study. All skin grafts showed complete healing. Necrotizing fas- ciitis was managed with good outcome. Wounds with enterocutaneous fistula have improved. In chronic wounds, good healing and excellent outcome were obtained. Conclusion： The VAC therapy is an essential element for the management of problematic acute and chronic wounds.展开更多
Skin necrosis of the foot, oedema and lymphangitis from stonefish （Synanceia verrucosa） sting are complications well known for a tong time and with potential long-term sequelae. Literature reports of stonefish enven...Skin necrosis of the foot, oedema and lymphangitis from stonefish （Synanceia verrucosa） sting are complications well known for a tong time and with potential long-term sequelae. Literature reports of stonefish envenomation give no specific reference on soft tissue management and surgical reconstruction. This is the first report describing a case of foot stonefish envenomation treated by vacuum-assisted closure therapy as an easy to use, accessible and simple adjuvant tool for management of large soft tissue necrosis.展开更多
基金The research presented in this paper was performed as a part of the Project AMSEP“Novel dry sorter for coal processing and coal recovery from mine originating wastes”,which was conducted with a financial grant from the European Institute of Innovation and Technology in frame of InnoEnergy S.E.,with Central Mining Institute as the Project coordinator.It was also financially supported by Statutory Research No.11325018-173.
文摘Hard coal is an important source of energy worldwide.Owing to the imperfections of excavation technology,most run-of-mine coals must be processed before they can be utilised as fuel.In this study,tests on the dry separation process were performed with numerous different raw hard coal and coal waste material samples,using a newly designed and constructed negative-pressure pneumatic separator(NPPS).The experiments revealed the effects of the feed-material properties and material processing conditions.These experiments were preceded by additional tests for evaluating the influence of each device operating parameter on the process,to determine the optimal method of supplying the feed material.The calorific value of the processed materials was improved by 5%–40%,while a minimal output yield of products(60%–70%)was maintained.The trials indicated that in coal material processing,the developed NPPS can be used for not only raw coal enrichment but also coal recovery from materials stored at coal-waste dumps.The main advantages of the device are its mobility,low material processing cost,and lack of water consumption during operation.
基金funded by Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Funding Projects under Grant,China(Grant No.ZYYD2025ZY11)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32460449 and 52265041)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology(Jiangsu University),Ministry of Education,China(Grant No.MAET202305)the Graduate School-level Research and Innovation Program of Xinjiang Agricultural University,China(Grant No.XJAUGRI2023021).
文摘Safflower is one of the most important oil crops worldwide.To improve the efficiency and quality of harvesting soft safflower filaments,minimize filament damage by the blade,and ensure the integrity of the filaments,an end-effector with a rotary push-cut-type negative-pressure airflow was designed.The design of the rotary blade edge curve was based on Archimedean and logarithmic spirals.The effect of the Archimedean spiral on the pushing of the scattered filaments was investigated.The rotary-cutting force and speed of the logarithmic helix on the soft filaments were analyzed.The sliding cut angle and feed speed of the blade are the key factors governing filament removal and damage.A simulation model of the cutting chamber flow field was established for the change in airflow with the position and speed rotation of the blade,allowing analysis of the parameters of the negative-pressure airflow.Single-factor and Box-Behnken tests were performed with the sliding cut angle,blade feed speed,and negative-pressure airflow speed as influencing factors and filament removal,damage,and drop rate as indices.The response surface clarified the effects of various factors on these indices.Optimal parameters were a sliding cut angle of 32.20°,a blade feeding speed of 0.031 m/s,and a negative-pressure airflow speed of 4.57 m/s.The corresponding filament removal,damage,and drop rates were 93.47%,6.94%,and 4.33%,respectively.Optimization results showed that filament removal,damage,and drop rates were 93.50%,7.02%,and 4.43%,respectively.The harvesting process met the requirements of high efficiency and low damage.
文摘Negative-pressure wound therapy(NPWT) has been a successful modality of wound management which is in widespread use in several surgical fields. The main mechanisms of action thought to play a role in enhancing wound healing and preventing surgical site infection are macrodeformation and microdeformation of the wound bed, fluid removal, and stabilization of the wound environment. Due to the devastating consequences of infection in the setting of joint arthroplasty, there has been some interest in the use of NPWT following total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty. However, there is still a scarcity of data reporting on the use of NPWT within this field and most studies are limited by small sample sizes, high variability of clinical settings and end-points. There is little evidence to support the use of NPWT as an adjunctive treatment for surgical wound drainage, and for this reason surgical intervention should not be delayed when indicated. The prophylactic use of NPWT after arthroplasty in patients that are at high risk for postoperative wound drainage appears to have the strongest clinical evidence. Several clinical trialsincluding single-use NPWT devices for this purpose are currently in progress and this may soon be incorporated in clinical guidelines as a mean to prevent periprosthetic joint infections.
文摘AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel enteroscope,negative-pressure suction endoscope in examining the small intestine of a porcine model.METHODS In vitro experiments in small intestinal loops from 20pigs and in vivo experiments in 20 living pigs were conducted.RESULTS In in vitro experiments,a negative pressure of>0.06MPa was necessary for optimal visualization of the intestine,and this pressure did not cause gross or histological damage to the mucosa.For satisfactory examination of the small intestine in vivo,higher negative pressure(>1.00 MPa)was required.Despite this higher pressure,the small intestine did not show any gross or microscopic damage in the suctioned areas.The average time of examination in the living animals was 60±7.67 min.The animals did not experience any apparent ill effects from the procedure.CONCLUSION Small intestine endoscope was safely performed within a reasonable time period and enabled complete visualization of the intestine in most cases.
文摘The design of photocatalysts for the stable and efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)without sacrificial agents remains challenging.In this study,Fe atoms were anchored on the surface of TiO_(2)with atomic-level dispersion using a novel negative-pressure encapsulation and pyrolysis strategy.The photoelectrochemical test results confirmed that the introduction of single Fe atoms accelerated the separation of photogenerated carriers and enhanced the TiO_(2)utilization rate of visible light.The optimal catalyst with atomically dispersed Fe showed excellent photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)to CO(48.2μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1))and CH4(113.4μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)),whereas the TiO_(2)system produced only trace amounts of CO(2.7μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)).The increased CO_(2)adsorption energy and movement of the d-band center toward the Fermi level confirmed that single Fe sites were more favorable for the adsorption of CO_(2).The differential charge density distribution of CO_(2)adsorbed on the catalyst surface confirmed the rapid transfer of electrons along the Ti-O-Fe-C path,and the Gibbs free energy calculation further confirmed that the Fe sites were conducive to reducing the energy barrier required for the reaction.In addition,the key intermediate(*COOH)of CO_(2)conversion to CH4 was detected by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy,and a possible reaction pathway was proposed.This work provides an effective strategy for designing single-atom catalysts that can efficiently reduce CO_(2)to high-value-added products.
文摘Objective To investigate the application of transposition flaps in the reconstruction of perianal skin defects after tumor resection.Methods From September 2018 to December 2019,16 cases of perianal skin defects were repaired with unilateral or bilateral transposition flaps.The wound size before closure ranged from 4 cm×8 cm to 7 cm×10 cm.Fourteen patients achieved primary healing.Wound dehiscence occurred in one patient at the flap tip,whereas a slight infection occurred in another patient,which healed after a dressing change.During the follow-up period of 3–6 months,all patients were satisfied with the perianal area both aesthetically and functionally.Conclusion Transposition flaps are a promising option for the repair of perianal skin defects after tumor removal.Owing to the simplicity of the flap design,the wide popularity of this flap type among surgeons is anticipated.
基金This work was supported by Research and Innovation Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission （No. 14YZ040） and National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81671916）.
文摘Purpose： To further study the mechanism of epithelization on the fascia side of the flap after surgical incision and the treatment of the negative pressure therapy. Methods： With the patients＇ informed consent, parts of tissue samples were obtained from a 51-year-old diabetic patient who was suffering lower extremity ulcers. The samples were processed with hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining and Masson trichrome staining. The keratin 19, keratin 15 and carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） were immunohistochemically detected. Results： The results of HE staining showed that the specimen was divided into two regions, newborn area and original epithelial area. There were more inflammatory cells infiltrating in the dermis in the newborn epithelial area, compared with the original epithelial area. Cells in newborn epithelial area were more active and many dinuclear and polynuclear cells were observed in newborn epithelial area. But there were more cuticular layers and obvious rete pegs in original epithelial area. In addition, the cells with keratin 19 and CEA positive were found around hair follicle, while keratin 15 was negative. Masson trichrome staining showed that there was a lot of de novo collagen in newborn epithelial area. Conclusion： Epidermal cells on the fascia side of the flap could be derived from the stem cells. Negative pressure wound therapy would attract not only cells but also other elements such as growth factors, cytokines, some nutrients and extracellular matrix. With the formation of the appropriate microenvironment after debridement, the migrated cells can grow, differentiate and spread, eventually leading to the epithelization on the fascia side of the flap in diabetic foot.
文摘Purpose： To get the maximum benefit of vacuum-assisted closure （VAC） in the management of acute and chronic wounds without abuse or misuse. Methods： Fourty one patients were included in the study. Among them, 9 patients had chronic wounds and the rest 32 patients had acute wounds. In acute wounds, 19 patients had co-morbid conditions. Seven patients had gaped wounds, 4 patients had necrotizing fasciitis and 2 patients had enter- ocutaneous fistula. Results： The hospitalization period varied from 1 to 6 weeks. The follow-up period was up to 6 months. No mortality was recorded during this study. All skin grafts showed complete healing. Necrotizing fas- ciitis was managed with good outcome. Wounds with enterocutaneous fistula have improved. In chronic wounds, good healing and excellent outcome were obtained. Conclusion： The VAC therapy is an essential element for the management of problematic acute and chronic wounds.
文摘Skin necrosis of the foot, oedema and lymphangitis from stonefish （Synanceia verrucosa） sting are complications well known for a tong time and with potential long-term sequelae. Literature reports of stonefish envenomation give no specific reference on soft tissue management and surgical reconstruction. This is the first report describing a case of foot stonefish envenomation treated by vacuum-assisted closure therapy as an easy to use, accessible and simple adjuvant tool for management of large soft tissue necrosis.
