With the relaxation of the market access negative list,private enterprises in China are embracing more development opportunities.THE Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition)was officially released on April 24,the...With the relaxation of the market access negative list,private enterprises in China are embracing more development opportunities.THE Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition)was officially released on April 24,the fourth revision since the first edition was introduced in 2018.The new edition reduced the number of items from 117 in 2022 to 106,according to the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC),China’s top economic planner.展开更多
Utilization of urban underground space has become a vital approach to alleviate the strain on urban land resources,and to optimize the structure and pattem of the city.It is also very important to improve the city env...Utilization of urban underground space has become a vital approach to alleviate the strain on urban land resources,and to optimize the structure and pattem of the city.It is also very important to improve the city environment,build livable city and increase the capacity of the city.Based on the analysis of existing evaluation methods and their problems,a method for evaluating underground space resources based on a negative list of adverse factors affecting underground space development is proposed,to be primarily used in urban planning stages.A list of the adverse factors is established,including limiting factors,constraining factors and influencing factors.Taking Xi'an as an example,using a geographical information system platform,a negative list of adverse factors for the underground space resources in Xi'an City are evaluated,and preventive measures are proposed.Natural resources,exploitable resources,and the potential growth of exploitable underground space resources are evaluated.Underground space assessment in the different development stages of the city,collaborative utilization and safety evaluation for multiple subsurface resources,environmental impact and assessment,as well as evaluation methods based on big data and intelligent optimization algorithms are all discussed with the aim of serving city planning and construction.展开更多
China （Shanghai） pilot free trade zone （FTZ）formally approved by the state council on August 22, 2013, was officially opened on September 29. It is the important measures to comprehensiw＇,ly deepen reforms and op...China （Shanghai） pilot free trade zone （FTZ）formally approved by the state council on August 22, 2013, was officially opened on September 29. It is the important measures to comprehensiw＇,ly deepen reforms and open still wider to the outside world in China. Exploring ＂pre-establistnnent national treatment＂ and ＂negative list＂ management mode is a feature of the free trade zone of Shanghai, which is adapt to economic globalization, to win the international competition o fthe initiative a qualitative leap.展开更多
The National Development and Reform Commission issued the Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition),which covers rare earth-related areas On April 24,2025,the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC)issued...The National Development and Reform Commission issued the Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition),which covers rare earth-related areas On April 24,2025,the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC)issued the Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition).Therein,it is specified in the Item 94 from the nineteenth part of the Permit Access Category,the Catalogue of Government Approved Investment Projects(2016 Edition).展开更多
Corporate mergers and acquisitions(M&As)are subject to skewed logic due to excessive government regulation.China is progressively adopting the Market Access Negative List(MANL)pilot to transfer the power of resour...Corporate mergers and acquisitions(M&As)are subject to skewed logic due to excessive government regulation.China is progressively adopting the Market Access Negative List(MANL)pilot to transfer the power of resource allocation from the government to the market.Using the DID method,we examine the impact of relaxing market access regulation on firms’M&A behavior against China’s institutional background and the M&A events of listed companies from 2012 to 2019.The MANL significantly increases firms’M&A tendency and amount and strengthens the competitive adequacy and fairness of market-oriented M&A decisions.Post-M&A financial performance does not increase,but human capital productivity,innovation effectiveness and total factor productivity do,demonstrating the dynamic balance of profit and efficiency in M&As.展开更多
In recent years,the Chinese Government has been committed to transforming the country\economic landscape from one focused primarily on scale to one stressing quality and competitiveness.Among the latest initiatives ar...In recent years,the Chinese Government has been committed to transforming the country\economic landscape from one focused primarily on scale to one stressing quality and competitiveness.Among the latest initiatives are:a guideline on refining the modem corporate system with Chinese features,a guideline on improving the social credit system,a law on the promotion of the private sector,and a further streamlined negative list for market access,which defines industries either prohibited or subject to government approval for investment by business entities.展开更多
文摘With the relaxation of the market access negative list,private enterprises in China are embracing more development opportunities.THE Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition)was officially released on April 24,the fourth revision since the first edition was introduced in 2018.The new edition reduced the number of items from 117 in 2022 to 106,according to the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC),China’s top economic planner.
基金This research is supported by National Key Research and Development Project,Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2018YFC1504700).
文摘Utilization of urban underground space has become a vital approach to alleviate the strain on urban land resources,and to optimize the structure and pattem of the city.It is also very important to improve the city environment,build livable city and increase the capacity of the city.Based on the analysis of existing evaluation methods and their problems,a method for evaluating underground space resources based on a negative list of adverse factors affecting underground space development is proposed,to be primarily used in urban planning stages.A list of the adverse factors is established,including limiting factors,constraining factors and influencing factors.Taking Xi'an as an example,using a geographical information system platform,a negative list of adverse factors for the underground space resources in Xi'an City are evaluated,and preventive measures are proposed.Natural resources,exploitable resources,and the potential growth of exploitable underground space resources are evaluated.Underground space assessment in the different development stages of the city,collaborative utilization and safety evaluation for multiple subsurface resources,environmental impact and assessment,as well as evaluation methods based on big data and intelligent optimization algorithms are all discussed with the aim of serving city planning and construction.
文摘China （Shanghai） pilot free trade zone （FTZ）formally approved by the state council on August 22, 2013, was officially opened on September 29. It is the important measures to comprehensiw＇,ly deepen reforms and open still wider to the outside world in China. Exploring ＂pre-establistnnent national treatment＂ and ＂negative list＂ management mode is a feature of the free trade zone of Shanghai, which is adapt to economic globalization, to win the international competition o fthe initiative a qualitative leap.
文摘The National Development and Reform Commission issued the Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition),which covers rare earth-related areas On April 24,2025,the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC)issued the Negative List for Market Access(2025 Edition).Therein,it is specified in the Item 94 from the nineteenth part of the Permit Access Category,the Catalogue of Government Approved Investment Projects(2016 Edition).
基金support obtained from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.72172156/G0206)for this study.
文摘Corporate mergers and acquisitions(M&As)are subject to skewed logic due to excessive government regulation.China is progressively adopting the Market Access Negative List(MANL)pilot to transfer the power of resource allocation from the government to the market.Using the DID method,we examine the impact of relaxing market access regulation on firms’M&A behavior against China’s institutional background and the M&A events of listed companies from 2012 to 2019.The MANL significantly increases firms’M&A tendency and amount and strengthens the competitive adequacy and fairness of market-oriented M&A decisions.Post-M&A financial performance does not increase,but human capital productivity,innovation effectiveness and total factor productivity do,demonstrating the dynamic balance of profit and efficiency in M&As.
文摘In recent years,the Chinese Government has been committed to transforming the country\economic landscape from one focused primarily on scale to one stressing quality and competitiveness.Among the latest initiatives are:a guideline on refining the modem corporate system with Chinese features,a guideline on improving the social credit system,a law on the promotion of the private sector,and a further streamlined negative list for market access,which defines industries either prohibited or subject to government approval for investment by business entities.
