CO_(2) capture and utilization(CCU)technologies have been recognized as crucial strategies for mitigating global warming,reducing carbon emission,and promoting resource circularity.As such,the design and development o...CO_(2) capture and utilization(CCU)technologies have been recognized as crucial strategies for mitigating global warming,reducing carbon emission,and promoting resource circularity.As such,the design and development of related materials have attracted considerable research attention.Carbon-based materials,characterized by tunable pore structures,abundant active sites,high specific surface area,and excellent chemical stability,demonstrate significant potential for applications in CO_(2) capture and utilization.This review systematically analyzes the adsorption behaviors and performance variations of typical carbon materials,including activated carbon,porous carbon,graphene,and carbon nanotubes during CO_(2) capture processes.Concerning CO_(2) utilization,emphasis is placed on recent advances in the catalytic applications of carbon-based materials in key reactions such as methanation,reverse water-gas shift,dry reforming of methane,and alcohol synthesis.Moreover,the benefits and drawbacks of carbon materials in terms of CO_(2) adsorption capacity,catalytic activity,and stability are thoroughly evaluated,and their potential applications in integrated CO_(2) capture and utilization technologies are discussed.Finally,key strategies for enhancing the performance of carbonaceous materials through structural modulation and surface modification are elucidated.This review aims to provide theoretical guidance for the future development and large-scale implementation of carbon-based materials in CCU technologies.展开更多
Citrus is the world's most produced fruit.With the rapid growth of citrus cultivation and processing industries globally,the volume of by-products,including dropped fruits,defective fruits,and waste generated duri...Citrus is the world's most produced fruit.With the rapid growth of citrus cultivation and processing industries globally,the volume of by-products,including dropped fruits,defective fruits,and waste generated during processing,has surged.Consequently,resource wastage and environmental pollution due to the low utilization rate of these by-products have become increasingly prominent issues.Currently,citrus by-products are directly utilized as seasonings,tea,and traditional Chinese medicine,or for the extraction of pectin,flavonoids,carotenoids,limonoids,essential oils,synephrine,and other functional ingredients.They are also processed into ethanol,citric acid,feed,and organic fertilizer through biomass fermentation.Despite these applications,the overall utilization rate of citrus by-products remains low.Additionally,there is a lack of key technologies and core equipment,and the production of high value-added functional products is limited.The future direction for citrus by-product utilization lies in green,low-carbon,high-efficiency,and high-value comprehensive recycling.To address the serious environmental pollution and recycling challenges posed by citrus rotting,it is proposed for the first time to develop new products and mold prevention strategies throughout the entire citrus supply chain-"Planting-field management-harvesting-transportation-storage"-to achieve a circular economy approach.This strategy aims to"Take from citrus and give back to citrus"effectively preventing and reducing citrus rotting.Furthermore,it can mitigate the significant economic losses caused by fruit decay and provide insights into the high-quality development of comprehensive citrus by-product utilization.展开更多
BACKGROUND Drug utilization research has an important role in assisting the healthcare administration to know,compute,and refine the prescription whose principal objective is to enable the rational use of drugs.Resear...BACKGROUND Drug utilization research has an important role in assisting the healthcare administration to know,compute,and refine the prescription whose principal objective is to enable the rational use of drugs.Research in developing nations relating to the cost of treatment is scarce when compared with developed countries.Thus,the drug utilization research studies from developing nations are most needed,and their number has been growing.AIM To evaluate patterns of utilization of antipsychotic drugs and direct medical cost analysis in patients newly diagnosed with schizophrenia.METHODS The present study was observational in type and based on a retrospective cohort to evaluate patterns of utilization of antipsychotic drugs using World Health Organization(WHO)core prescribing indicators and anatomical therapeutic chemical/defined daily dose indicators.We also calculated direct medical costs for a period of 6 months.RESULTS This study has found that atypical antipsychotics are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia in every age group and subcategories of schizophrenia.The evaluation based on WHO prescribing indicators showed a low average number of drugs per prescription and low prescribing frequency of antipsychotics from the National List of Essential Medicines 2015 and the WHO Essential Medicines List 2019.The total mean drug cost of our study was 1396 Indian rupees.The total mean cost due to the investigation in our study was 1017.34 Indian rupees.Therefore,the total mean direct medical cost incurred on patients in our study was 4337.28 Indian rupees.CONCLUSION The information from the present study can be used for reviewing and updating treatment policy at the institutional level.展开更多
Among the “three data rights,” the data utilization right has been persistently overlooked, and is similar to a neglected “middle child” in the context of the data rights family. However, it is precisely during th...Among the “three data rights,” the data utilization right has been persistently overlooked, and is similar to a neglected “middle child” in the context of the data rights family. However, it is precisely during the stages of processing and utilization that data undergoes its transformations and where its economic value is ultimately created. A series of recent policy documents on treating data as a factor of production have emphasized that the building of a scientific data property rights system requires a fair and efficient mechanism for benefit distribution, which provides reasonable preference for creators of data value and use value in terms of the income generated by data elements. Constrained by the inertial thinking of property right logic, the data utilization right is often regarded as a “transitional fulcrum” wherein the holders of data resources have to authorize the operators of data products to realize data value thereby. In the future structural design and implementation of the coordination mechanism for the property right system against the backdrop of the data factor-oriented reform, the establishment of data processing and utilization as an independent right will require the implementation of two core initiatives: first, attaching importance to the independent protection of the benefit distribution;second, implementing risk regulation for data security through optimization of governance. These two initiatives will serve as the key for optimizing the data factor governance system and accelerating the release of data value.展开更多
International patients are flocking to Hainan for healing through the ancient technique of traditional Chinese medicine.SAREN,a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)doctor,keeps vipbooks filled with warm messages in var...International patients are flocking to Hainan for healing through the ancient technique of traditional Chinese medicine.SAREN,a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)doctor,keeps vipbooks filled with warm messages in various languages in her consulting room at Sanya International Friendship Sanatorium of TCM.These expressions of gratitude not only document a long medical career,but also vividly testify to how a Chinese doctor has used acupuncture to cure patients from around the world.展开更多
Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main greenhouse gas(GHG)released by human activities.The substitution of fossil resources by biomass as a bio-renewable resource,has significant potential to reduce GHG emissions.The appro...Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main greenhouse gas(GHG)released by human activities.The substitution of fossil resources by biomass as a bio-renewable resource,has significant potential to reduce GHG emissions.The approach to biomass,as the only true full-scale alternative to fossil resources,is progressing rapidly.Converting biomass into furanic compounds,as versatile platform chemicals for synthesizing a wide range of bio-based products is the cornerstone of sustainable technologies.The extensive body of this review combines the biomass valorization to furanic compounds by CO_(2)utilization and furanic compounds conversion by CO_(2)fixation.These processes can be strategically applied through both‘thermochemical’and‘electrochemical’pathways,by utilizing CO_(2)from the atmosphere or industrial emission point and returning it to the natural carbon cycle.In the thermochemical pathway CO_(2)acts as a carbon source(carboxylation and polymerization)or active reaction assistant in the biomass conversion(CO_(2)-assisted conversion),without altering its oxidation state,facilitating the synthesis of valuable products and polymers.Conversely,in the electrochemical pathway,CO_(2)can be used as a carbon source(electrocarboxylation)to give the corresponding carboxylic acid,or it can undergo reduction,yielding methanol,carbon monoxide(CO),formic acid,and analogous compounds,while on the other side,furanic compounds undergo oxidation yielding high-value-added chemicals.Finally,potential future research directions are suggested to promote CO_(2)utilization and fixation in the valorization of biomass-derived furanic compounds,and challenges facing further research are highlighted.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of umbilical herbal application combined with pestle needle therapy in the treatment of functional diarrhea(FD)due to deficient cold of the spleen and stomach.Methods:A tota...Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of umbilical herbal application combined with pestle needle therapy in the treatment of functional diarrhea(FD)due to deficient cold of the spleen and stomach.Methods:A total of 72 patients with FD were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups using the random number table method,with 36 patients in each group.Both groups received conventional Western medication treatment.The observation group additionally received umbilical application of Wen Yang Bu Pi Gao(Yang-warming and spleenstrengthening herbal paste)combined with pestle needle therapy.After 7 d of treatment,the clinical efficacy was assessed.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom scores,irritable bowel syndrome-quality of life(IBS-QOL)score,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was 91.7%,which was significantly higher than 69.4%in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,TCM symptom and IBS-QOL scores in both groups were significantly reduced compared to those before treatment(P<0.05),and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).No adverse reactions occurred in either group during the treatment period.Conclusion:Compared to conventional Western medication treatment alone,the addition of umbilical application of Wen Yang Bu Pi Gao combined with pestle needle therapy can more effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life in patients with FD due to deficient cold of the spleen and stomach.展开更多
Objective The analgesic effect of acupuncture has been widely accepted.Nevertheless,the mechanism behind its analgesic effect remains elusive,thus impeding the progress of research geared toward enhancing the analgesi...Objective The analgesic effect of acupuncture has been widely accepted.Nevertheless,the mechanism behind its analgesic effect remains elusive,thus impeding the progress of research geared toward enhancing the analgesic effect of acupuncture.This paper investigated the role of acupuncture needle surface textures on acupuncture’s analgesic effect by creating four experimental acupuncture needles with different patterns of surface augmentation.Methods Four types of acupuncture needles with different surface textures(the lined needle,circle needle,sandpaper needle,and threaded needle)were designed.Additionally,the force/torque measurement system used a robot arm and mechanical sensor to measure the force on the needle during insertion and manipulation.To perform acupuncture analgesia experiments,four experimental acupuncture needles and a normal needle were inserted into the Zusanli(ST36)acupoint of rats with inflammatory pain.By comparing the force and torque and the analgesic efficacy of the different acupuncture needles,these experiments tested the role of acupuncture needle body texture on acupuncture analgesia.Results The analgesic effects of different acupuncture needle body textures varied.Specifically,the force required to penetrate the skin with the lined needle was not greater than that for the normal needle;however,the needle with inscribed circles and the sandpaper-roughened needle both required greater force for insertion.Additionally,the torque of the lined needle reached 2×10^(-4)N·m under twisting manipulation,which was four times greater the torque of a normal needle(5×10^(-5)N·m).Furthermore,the lined needle improved pain threshold and mast cell degranulation rate compared to the normal needle.Conclusion Optimizing the texture of acupuncture needles can enhance acupuncture analgesia.The texture of our experimental acupuncture needles had a significant impact on the force needed to penetrate the skin and the torque needed to manipulate the needle;it was also linked to variable analgesic effects.This study provides a theoretical basis for enhancing the analgesic efficacy of acupuncture through the modification of needles and promoting the development of acupuncture therapy.展开更多
Coal-based soild wastes(CBSWs)are industrial byproducts that can be harmful to the environment.The exploitation and utilization of CBsWs offer societal advantages such as resource conservation,pollution reduction,and ...Coal-based soild wastes(CBSWs)are industrial byproducts that can be harmful to the environment.The exploitation and utilization of CBsWs offer societal advantages such as resource conservation,pollution reduction,and cost-effective production.However,environmentally sustainable management remains a worldwide challenge due to the substantial production volume and limited disposal capacity of CBSWs.The physicochemical properties and utilization of CBSWs are summarized,including fly ash,coal gangue and coal gasification slag.It also presents the current global applications status of CBSWs resources and examines market supply and demand.Subsequently,the paper provides an overview of studies on ways to utilise CBSWs,highlighting the primary avenues of CBSWs resource utilization which are mainly from the fields of chemical materials,metallurgy and agriculture.Furthermore,a comparative evaluation of the various methods for CBSWs resource recovery is conducted,outlining their respective advantages and disadvantages.The future development of CBSWs recycling processes is also discussed.The review concludes that while there is a growing need for attention in CBSWs recycling,its utilization will involve a combination of both large-scale treatment and refinement processes.The paper aims to offer references and insights for the effective utilization and environmental protection of CBSWs.Future direction will focus on the collaborative utilization of CBSWs,emphasizing on the combination of large-scale and high-value utilization.In addition,there is a need to establish a comprehensive database based on on-site production practices,explore on-site solutions to reduce transportation costs,and improve physicochemical properties during the production process.展开更多
With the rapid growth of the global population and the increasing demand for healthier diets,improving the nutrient utilization efficiency of staple food crops has become a critical scientific and industrial chal-leng...With the rapid growth of the global population and the increasing demand for healthier diets,improving the nutrient utilization efficiency of staple food crops has become a critical scientific and industrial chal-lenge,prompting innovation in food processing technologies.This review introduces first the common nutritional challenges in the processing of staple food crops,followed by the comprehensive examination of research aiming to enhance the nutritional quality of staple food crop-based foods through innovative processing technologies,including microwave(MW),pulsed electric field(PEF),ultrasound,modern fer-mentation technology,and enzyme technology.Additionally,soybean processing is used as an example to underscore the importance of integrating innovative processing technologies for optimizing nutrient utilization in staple food crops.Although these innovative processing technologies have demonstrated a significant potential to improve nutrient utilization efficiency and enhance the overall nutritional pro-file of staple food crop-based food products,their current limitations must be acknowledged and addressed in future research.Fortunately,advancements in science and technology will facilitate pro-gress in food processing,enabling both the improvement of existing techniques as well as the develop-ment of entirely novel methodologies.This work aims to enhance the understanding of food practitioners on the way processing technologies may optimize nutrient utilization,thereby fostering innovation in food processing research and synergistic multi-technological strategies,ultimately providing valuable references to address global food security challenges.展开更多
The regenerative braking energy utilization system(RBEUS)stands as a promising technique for improving the efficiency and power quality of electrified railways.Beyond the vital aspects of energy management and control...The regenerative braking energy utilization system(RBEUS)stands as a promising technique for improving the efficiency and power quality of electrified railways.Beyond the vital aspects of energy management and control strategies,ensuring fault protection is paramount for the secure and steady operation of the traction power supply system(TPSS)integrated with RBEUS.This paper introduces an innovative protection scheme tailored to diverse RBEUS application scenarios.Firstly,fault categories are streamlined into three levels:system,equipment,and warning.Subsequently,a novel multi-port active power differential protection method,aligned with RBEUS operational principles,is crafted to serve as a comprehensive and sensitive main protection.Building upon this foundation,a hierarchical protection structure for RBEUS is established,addressing the intricacies and variations in fault types while boosting anti-disturbance capabilities under faulty conditions.Embracing the principle of railway-oriented safety,a collaborative RBEUS-TPSS protection scheme is put forth.Finally,through simulated scenarios encompassing various fault conditions,the proposed scheme’s feasibility and effectiveness are convincingly validated.展开更多
Background There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming,but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature.This study investigated the relationship b...Background There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming,but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature.This study investigated the relationship between dietary fiber physicochemical properties and feedstuff fermentation characteristics and their effects on nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and gut microbiota in growing pigs.Methods Thirty-six growing barrows(47.2±1.5 kg)were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments with 2 apparent viscosity levels and 3β-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios.In the experiment,nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,fecal microbial community,and production and absorption of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)of pigs were investigated.In vitro digestion and fermentation models were used to compare the fermentation characteristics of feedstuffs and ileal digesta in the pig’s hindgut.Results The production dynamics of SCFA and dry matter corrected gas production of different feedstuffs during in vitro fermentation were different and closely related to the physical properties and chemical structure of the fiber.In animal experiments,increasing the dietary apparent viscosity and theβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased the apparent ileal digestibility(AID),apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD),and hindgut digestibility of fiber components while decreasing the AID and ATTD of dry matter and organic matter(P<0.05).In addition,increasing dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased gas exchange,heat production,and protein oxidation,and decreased energy deposition(P<0.05).The dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucanto-arabinoxylan ratios had linear interaction effects on the digestible energy,metabolizable energy,retained energy(RE),and net energy(NE)of the diets(P<0.05).At the same time,the increase of dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased SCFA production and absorption(P<0.05).Increasing the dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria(P<0.05)and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.Furthermore,increasing the dietaryβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios led to a linear increase in SCFA production during the in vitro fermentation of ileal digesta(P<0.001).Finally,the prediction equations for RE and NE were established.Conclusion Dietary fiber physicochemical properties alter dietary fermentation patterns and regulate nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and pig gut microbiota composition and metabolites.展开更多
The effects of micro-ridge-furrow planting(MR)on yield and the efficiency of light,water,and thermal resource use in rapeseed were tested in a three-year field experiment comparing MR to conventional flat planting.MR ...The effects of micro-ridge-furrow planting(MR)on yield and the efficiency of light,water,and thermal resource use in rapeseed were tested in a three-year field experiment comparing MR to conventional flat planting.MR enhanced canopy heterogeneity by altering the leaf angle between plants on ridges and furrows.The heterogeneous canopy environment increased intercepted photosynthetic active radiation,alleviated canopy temperature stress,and optimized canopy humidity,leading to improvements in light-nitrogen matching and net photosynthetic rate.Consequently,dry matter and yield increased by 13.0%and 11.0%,respectively,while radiation,thermal,and precipitation utilization efficiency increased by 12.3%-16.2%.The corresponding improvements in yield and resource use efficiency were attributed to a heterogeneous canopy environment that improved microclimatic conditions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic surgery,with the advantage of less trauma,has been predominantly performed to treat pediatric inguinal hernia.However,the traditional three-port laparoscopic surgery remains extremely traumatic...BACKGROUND Laparoscopic surgery,with the advantage of less trauma,has been predominantly performed to treat pediatric inguinal hernia.However,the traditional three-port laparoscopic surgery remains extremely traumatic for children,whereas singleport laparoscopic surgery causes less damage to children than traditional laparoscopy.However,single-port laparoscopic surgery is more challenging;thus,studies on the effect of its application in pediatric inguinal hernia remain relatively limited.AIM To analyze the association of single-incision laparoscopic herniorrhaphy needle treatment with surgical outcomes,postoperative complications,and serum inflammation in pediatric inguinal hernia.METHODS This retrospective study included 113 pediatric patients with inguinal hernia who underwent surgery at the Children’s Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,from April 2022 to May 2023.Participants were categorized into the observation group(single-incision laparoscopic herniorrhaphy needle,n=60)and the control group(two-port laparoscopic surgery,n=53).Comparative analyses involved surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,and length of hospital stay.C-reactive protein(CRP)and white blood cell count(WBC)levels were measured preoperatively and 24 hours postoperatively.Postoperative pain was evaluated with the face,legs,activity,cry,and Consolability scale.Further,the incidence of complications,recurrence,and reoperation rates was assessed.Logistic regression was employed to determine independent risk factors related to poor prognosis.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss and shorter hospitalization compared to the control group(P<0.05).Both groups demonstrated increased CRP and WBC levels postoperatively,but the observation group exhibited significantly lower levels(P<0.05).Further,pain scores at 24 hours postoperatively were significantly lower in the observation group(P<0.05).Additionally,the observation group experienced fewer adverse events,recurrence rates,and reoperations compared to the control group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis determined increased postoperative stress markers and surgical technique as independent predictors of recurrence(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Single-incision laparoscopic herniorrhaphy needle treatment for pediatric inguinal hernia exhibits significant efficacy,effectively reduces postoperative complications,ensures a more concealed surgical incision,and promotes faster postoperative recovery than conventional two-port laparoscopy.This approach merits wider application.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules(轻燕饮配方颗粒,QYY),press needles(PN),and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity(AO).This trial aims to offer a mor...OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules(轻燕饮配方颗粒,QYY),press needles(PN),and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity(AO).This trial aims to offer a more scientifically grounded therapeutic regimen for clinical interventions.METHODS:From March 2021 to July 2021,a multicenter,triple-blind,randomized 2×2 factorial design clinical trial was conducted across 7 centers in 4 major cities within China's mainland.The trial participants were patients diagnosed with AO.The trial followed a 1∶1∶1∶1 random allocation ratio,assigning participants to one of four groups:QYY placebo plus simulated press needles(SPN)(placebo+SPN),QYY plus SPN(QYY+SPN),QYY placebo plus PN(placebo+PN),and QYY plus PN(QYY+PN).The trial participants received treatment for 12 weeks.Observe the changes in waist circumference,body weight,body mass index(BMI),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI)scores,and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after treatment.RESULTS:The QYY+PN group exhibited significant improvements in waist circumference compared to placebo+PN[Difference=-1.59,95%CI(-3.03,-0.16)]and placebo+SPN groups[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)].QYY+PN demonstrated a significant advantage over placebo+SPN[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)],and no statistically significant interaction was observed between the two interventions(P>0.05).In terms of weight and BMI improvements,the QYY+PN,QYY+SPN,and the PN+placebo groups all experienced trending greater reductions in weight compared to the placebo group.In terms of the total scores of PSQI,BAI,and BDI,all four groups exhibited improvements compared to the baseline.Specifically,concerning the change in total PSQI scores,the QYY+PN group exhibited a greater reduction;Regarding the change in total BAI scores,the PN+placebo group demonstrated a greater decrease;As for the change in total BDI scores,the QYY+SPN group displayed a greater reduction.CONCLUSION:This study confirmed that QYY+PN can effectively reduce the waist circumference of patients with AO.Furthermore,the combined approach offers greater benefits than either treatment alone,all without any reported serious adverse events.展开更多
Preoperative staging of the axilla in women with invasive breast cancer using ultrasound-guided needle biopsy(UNB) identifies approximately 50% of patients with axillary nodal metastases prior to surgical intervention...Preoperative staging of the axilla in women with invasive breast cancer using ultrasound-guided needle biopsy(UNB) identifies approximately 50% of patients with axillary nodal metastases prior to surgical intervention. Although moderately sensitive, it is a highly specific staging strategy that is rarely falsely-positive, hence a positive UNB allows patients to be triaged to axillary lymph-node dissection(ALND) avoiding potentially unnecessary sentinel node biopsy(SNB). In this review, we extend our previous work through an updated literature search, focusing on studies that report data on UNB utility. Based on data for 10,934 breast cancer patients, sourced from 35 studies, a positive UNB allowed triage of 1,745 cases(simple proportion 16%) to axillary surgical treatment: the utility of UNB was a median 19.8% [interquartile range(IQR) 11.6%-26.7%] across these studies. We also modelled data from a subgroup of studies, and estimated that amongst patients with metastases to axillary nodes, the odds ratio(OR) for high nodal disease burden for a positive UNB versus a negative UNB was 4.38 [95% confidence interval(95% CI): 3.13, 6.13], P<0.001. From this model, the estimated proportion with high nodal disease burden was 58.9%(95% CI: 50.2%, 67.0%) for a positive UNB, whereas the estimated proportion with high nodal disease burden was 24.6%(95% CI: 17.7%, 33.2%) if UNB was negative. Overall, axillary UNB has good clinical utility and a positive UNB can effectively triage to ALND. However, the evolving landscape of axillary surgical treatment means that UNB will have relatively less utility where surgeons have modified their practice to omission of ALND for minimal nodal metastatic disease.展开更多
CO_(2)-responsive gels,which swell upon contact with CO_(2),are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)applications in oil reser-voir...CO_(2)-responsive gels,which swell upon contact with CO_(2),are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)applications in oil reser-voirs.However,the use of these gels in high-temperature CCUS applications is limited due to their rever-sible swelling behavior at elevated temperatures.In this study,a novel dispersed particle gel(DPG)suspension is developed for high-temperature profile control in CCUS applications.First,we synthesize a double-network hydrogel consisting of a crosslinked polyacrylamide(PAAm)network and a crosslinked sodium alginate(SA)network.The hydrogel is then sheared in water to form a pre-prepared DPG suspen-sion.To enhance its performance,the gel particles are modified by introducing potassium methylsilan-etriolate(PMS)upon CO_(2) exposure.Comparing the particle size distributions of the modified and pre-prepared DPG suspension reveals a significant swelling of gel particles,over twice their original size.Moreover,subjecting the new DPG suspension to a 100℃ environment for 24 h demonstrates that its gel particle sizes do not decrease,confirming irreversible swelling,which is a significant advantage over the traditional CO_(2)-responsive gels.Thermogravimetric analysis further indicates improved thermal sta-bility compared to the pre-prepared DPG particles.Core flooding experiments show that the new DPG suspension achieves a high plugging efficiency of 95.3%in plugging an ultra-high permeability sandpack,whereas the pre-prepared DPG suspension achieves only 82.8%.With its high swelling ratio,irreversible swelling at high temperatures,enhanced thermal stability,and superior plugging performance,the newly developed DPG suspension in this work presents a highly promising solution for profile control in high-temperature CCUS applications.展开更多
Carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)represents a critical technological pathway for global car-bon emission reduction.CCUS-enhanced oil recovery(EOR)technology is the most feasible CCUS technol-ogy demonstrati...Carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)represents a critical technological pathway for global car-bon emission reduction.CCUS-enhanced oil recovery(EOR)technology is the most feasible CCUS technol-ogy demonstrating dual benefits of enhanced energy production and carbon reduction.This study comprehensively described the key influencing factors governing CO_(2)-EOR and geological storage and systematically analyzed reservoir properties,fluid characteristics,and operational parameters.The mech-anisms of these parameters on EOR versus CO_(2) storage performance were investigated throughout CCUS-EOR processes.This paper proposes a coupled two-stage CCUS-EOR process:CO_(2)-EOR storage stage and long-term CO_(2) storage stage after the CO_(2) injection phase is completed.In each stage,the main control factors impacting the CO_(2)-EOR and storage stages are screened and coupled with rigorous technical anal-ysis.The key factors here are reservoir properties,fluid characteristics,and operational parameter.A novel CCUS-EOR synergistic method was proposed to optimize the lifecycle performance of dual objective of EOR and storage.Furthermore,based on multi-objective optimization,considering the lifecycle,a multi-scale techno-economic evaluation method was proposed to fully assess the CCUS-EOR project per-formance.Finally,a set of recommendations for advancing CCUS-EOR technologies by deploying multi-factor/multi-field coupling methodologies,novel green intelligent injection materials,and artificial intel-ligence/machine learning technologies were visited.展开更多
Cyclic injection holds great potential for CO_(2) emission reduction coupled with enhanced unconventional oil recovery.There is,however,a lack of a thorough understanding of carbon distribution,migration,and transform...Cyclic injection holds great potential for CO_(2) emission reduction coupled with enhanced unconventional oil recovery.There is,however,a lack of a thorough understanding of carbon distribution,migration,and transformation underground over time at the reservoir scale.To address this issue,we conducted a rig-orous numerical simulation integrating microseismic events,multi-geomechanics,and multi-geochemistry to represent the complex fracture geometry,rock stress sensitivity,and CO_(2)-oil-brine-rock interactions.The fluid model,reservoir model,and geochemical reaction kinetics were carefully validated and calibrated using experimental data.The performance of CO_(2) utilization and geological storage was comprehensively investigated in terms of changes in oil production,CO_(2) storage,carbon distribution,and petrophysical properties.The results indicate that 48.3%of the injected CO_(2) was stored stably under-ground after ten cycles(ten years),with a 3.4%increase in oil recovery.The presence of multiple CO_(2) stor-age forms,such as dissolved in water and mineralized carbonate,impeded CO_(2)-oil interaction,leading to a 25.9%reduction in the volume of the CO_(2)-oil mixing zone and a 2.2%decrease in cumulative oil pro-duction,albeit with a 7.7%increase in the storage rate.The cyclic injection mode had a significant impact on the migration and transformation of CO_(2) in the reservoir.While dissolved CO_(2) in oil accounted for over half of the total storage,it had the possibility of being released during production.After ten cycles,20%of the injected CO_(2)(approximately 12000 t)reached long-term storage in four forms:mineralized carbon-ate(6%),water-dissolved CO_(2)(6%),aqueous ions(4%),and trapped gas(4%).Notably,the non-fracture zone within the stimulated reservoir volume(SRV)served as the primary trapping area for residual gas.This work provides valuable insights into dynamic CO_(2) transport and transformation processes under cyclic injection and presents a more comprehensive and precise framework for assessing CO_(2) capture,utilization,and storage with enhanced oil recovery(CCUS-EOR)performance in unconventional reser-voirs after fracturing.展开更多
BACKGROUND This is a randomized study to compare the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided sampling of pancreatic solid lesions obtained with the 22-gauge Franseen(EUS-fine needle biopsy)vs the 22-g...BACKGROUND This is a randomized study to compare the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided sampling of pancreatic solid lesions obtained with the 22-gauge Franseen(EUS-fine needle biopsy)vs the 22-gauge standard needle(EUS-fine needle aspiration)without rapid onsite evaluation(ROSE),since,in most endoscopy units around the world ROSE is not routinely available.AIM To investigate the accuracy of EUS-guided sampling of pancreatic solid lesions obtained between two different needles without ROSE.METHODS Patients with a solid pancreatic were included.Patients were biopsied in a randomized order.The primary endpoint was the diagnostic sensitivity for pancreatic malignancy(PM).Secondary outcomes were adequacy of the sample,the mean tissue area,the mean tumor area,and the adverse event rate.RESULTS The final diagnosis was pancreatic adenocarcinoma in 38(76%),neuroendocrine tumor in 4(8%),chronic pancreatitis in 3(6%)patients.The sensitivity for PM with Franseen needle was 0.91[95%confidence interval(CI):0.80-0.98],vs 0.8(95%CI:0.67-0.91)(P=0.025)with standard needle.The specificity for PM did not differentiate.The accuracy of the standard needle for PM was 0.80(95%CI:0.66-0.90),and the Franseen group was 0.90(95%CI:0.78-0.97)(P=0.074).The technical success rates for the standard and Franseen needle groups were 94%(95%CI:0.83-0.99)and 100%(95%CI:0.92-1.00),respectively.The mean total tissue area in mm2(SD)was greater in the Franseen group,2.07(0.22)vs 1.16(0.17)(P<0.01).The mean tumor area in mm2(SD)was not different in Franseen group vs standard group,0.42(0.09)vs 0.47(0.09)(P=0.80).There were no adverse events.CONCLUSION The sensitivity for PM and mean total tissue area,was greater in the as compared with standard needle.The mean tumor area did not differ between the groups.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2025YFE0109700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52106150)。
文摘CO_(2) capture and utilization(CCU)technologies have been recognized as crucial strategies for mitigating global warming,reducing carbon emission,and promoting resource circularity.As such,the design and development of related materials have attracted considerable research attention.Carbon-based materials,characterized by tunable pore structures,abundant active sites,high specific surface area,and excellent chemical stability,demonstrate significant potential for applications in CO_(2) capture and utilization.This review systematically analyzes the adsorption behaviors and performance variations of typical carbon materials,including activated carbon,porous carbon,graphene,and carbon nanotubes during CO_(2) capture processes.Concerning CO_(2) utilization,emphasis is placed on recent advances in the catalytic applications of carbon-based materials in key reactions such as methanation,reverse water-gas shift,dry reforming of methane,and alcohol synthesis.Moreover,the benefits and drawbacks of carbon materials in terms of CO_(2) adsorption capacity,catalytic activity,and stability are thoroughly evaluated,and their potential applications in integrated CO_(2) capture and utilization technologies are discussed.Finally,key strategies for enhancing the performance of carbonaceous materials through structural modulation and surface modification are elucidated.This review aims to provide theoretical guidance for the future development and large-scale implementation of carbon-based materials in CCU technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82104340)。
文摘Citrus is the world's most produced fruit.With the rapid growth of citrus cultivation and processing industries globally,the volume of by-products,including dropped fruits,defective fruits,and waste generated during processing,has surged.Consequently,resource wastage and environmental pollution due to the low utilization rate of these by-products have become increasingly prominent issues.Currently,citrus by-products are directly utilized as seasonings,tea,and traditional Chinese medicine,or for the extraction of pectin,flavonoids,carotenoids,limonoids,essential oils,synephrine,and other functional ingredients.They are also processed into ethanol,citric acid,feed,and organic fertilizer through biomass fermentation.Despite these applications,the overall utilization rate of citrus by-products remains low.Additionally,there is a lack of key technologies and core equipment,and the production of high value-added functional products is limited.The future direction for citrus by-product utilization lies in green,low-carbon,high-efficiency,and high-value comprehensive recycling.To address the serious environmental pollution and recycling challenges posed by citrus rotting,it is proposed for the first time to develop new products and mold prevention strategies throughout the entire citrus supply chain-"Planting-field management-harvesting-transportation-storage"-to achieve a circular economy approach.This strategy aims to"Take from citrus and give back to citrus"effectively preventing and reducing citrus rotting.Furthermore,it can mitigate the significant economic losses caused by fruit decay and provide insights into the high-quality development of comprehensive citrus by-product utilization.
文摘BACKGROUND Drug utilization research has an important role in assisting the healthcare administration to know,compute,and refine the prescription whose principal objective is to enable the rational use of drugs.Research in developing nations relating to the cost of treatment is scarce when compared with developed countries.Thus,the drug utilization research studies from developing nations are most needed,and their number has been growing.AIM To evaluate patterns of utilization of antipsychotic drugs and direct medical cost analysis in patients newly diagnosed with schizophrenia.METHODS The present study was observational in type and based on a retrospective cohort to evaluate patterns of utilization of antipsychotic drugs using World Health Organization(WHO)core prescribing indicators and anatomical therapeutic chemical/defined daily dose indicators.We also calculated direct medical costs for a period of 6 months.RESULTS This study has found that atypical antipsychotics are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia in every age group and subcategories of schizophrenia.The evaluation based on WHO prescribing indicators showed a low average number of drugs per prescription and low prescribing frequency of antipsychotics from the National List of Essential Medicines 2015 and the WHO Essential Medicines List 2019.The total mean drug cost of our study was 1396 Indian rupees.The total mean cost due to the investigation in our study was 1017.34 Indian rupees.Therefore,the total mean direct medical cost incurred on patients in our study was 4337.28 Indian rupees.CONCLUSION The information from the present study can be used for reviewing and updating treatment policy at the institutional level.
文摘Among the “three data rights,” the data utilization right has been persistently overlooked, and is similar to a neglected “middle child” in the context of the data rights family. However, it is precisely during the stages of processing and utilization that data undergoes its transformations and where its economic value is ultimately created. A series of recent policy documents on treating data as a factor of production have emphasized that the building of a scientific data property rights system requires a fair and efficient mechanism for benefit distribution, which provides reasonable preference for creators of data value and use value in terms of the income generated by data elements. Constrained by the inertial thinking of property right logic, the data utilization right is often regarded as a “transitional fulcrum” wherein the holders of data resources have to authorize the operators of data products to realize data value thereby. In the future structural design and implementation of the coordination mechanism for the property right system against the backdrop of the data factor-oriented reform, the establishment of data processing and utilization as an independent right will require the implementation of two core initiatives: first, attaching importance to the independent protection of the benefit distribution;second, implementing risk regulation for data security through optimization of governance. These two initiatives will serve as the key for optimizing the data factor governance system and accelerating the release of data value.
文摘International patients are flocking to Hainan for healing through the ancient technique of traditional Chinese medicine.SAREN,a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)doctor,keeps vipbooks filled with warm messages in various languages in her consulting room at Sanya International Friendship Sanatorium of TCM.These expressions of gratitude not only document a long medical career,but also vividly testify to how a Chinese doctor has used acupuncture to cure patients from around the world.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2101604)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20123,22278339)+1 种基金Fujian Provincial Key Science and Technology Program of China(No.2022YZ037013)Xiamen University for the financial support.
文摘Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main greenhouse gas(GHG)released by human activities.The substitution of fossil resources by biomass as a bio-renewable resource,has significant potential to reduce GHG emissions.The approach to biomass,as the only true full-scale alternative to fossil resources,is progressing rapidly.Converting biomass into furanic compounds,as versatile platform chemicals for synthesizing a wide range of bio-based products is the cornerstone of sustainable technologies.The extensive body of this review combines the biomass valorization to furanic compounds by CO_(2)utilization and furanic compounds conversion by CO_(2)fixation.These processes can be strategically applied through both‘thermochemical’and‘electrochemical’pathways,by utilizing CO_(2)from the atmosphere or industrial emission point and returning it to the natural carbon cycle.In the thermochemical pathway CO_(2)acts as a carbon source(carboxylation and polymerization)or active reaction assistant in the biomass conversion(CO_(2)-assisted conversion),without altering its oxidation state,facilitating the synthesis of valuable products and polymers.Conversely,in the electrochemical pathway,CO_(2)can be used as a carbon source(electrocarboxylation)to give the corresponding carboxylic acid,or it can undergo reduction,yielding methanol,carbon monoxide(CO),formic acid,and analogous compounds,while on the other side,furanic compounds undergo oxidation yielding high-value-added chemicals.Finally,potential future research directions are suggested to promote CO_(2)utilization and fixation in the valorization of biomass-derived furanic compounds,and challenges facing further research are highlighted.
基金supported by 2023 Annual Public Welfare Technological Application Research Project of Jinhua City(2023年度金华市公益性技术应用研究项目,No.2023-4-256).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of umbilical herbal application combined with pestle needle therapy in the treatment of functional diarrhea(FD)due to deficient cold of the spleen and stomach.Methods:A total of 72 patients with FD were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups using the random number table method,with 36 patients in each group.Both groups received conventional Western medication treatment.The observation group additionally received umbilical application of Wen Yang Bu Pi Gao(Yang-warming and spleenstrengthening herbal paste)combined with pestle needle therapy.After 7 d of treatment,the clinical efficacy was assessed.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom scores,irritable bowel syndrome-quality of life(IBS-QOL)score,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was 91.7%,which was significantly higher than 69.4%in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,TCM symptom and IBS-QOL scores in both groups were significantly reduced compared to those before treatment(P<0.05),and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).No adverse reactions occurred in either group during the treatment period.Conclusion:Compared to conventional Western medication treatment alone,the addition of umbilical application of Wen Yang Bu Pi Gao combined with pestle needle therapy can more effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life in patients with FD due to deficient cold of the spleen and stomach.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12172092,82174488,and 82305416)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function(No.21DZ2271800)+1 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.23YF1418300)Scientific Research Project on Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission—Youth Guidance Category(No.2022QN018).
文摘Objective The analgesic effect of acupuncture has been widely accepted.Nevertheless,the mechanism behind its analgesic effect remains elusive,thus impeding the progress of research geared toward enhancing the analgesic effect of acupuncture.This paper investigated the role of acupuncture needle surface textures on acupuncture’s analgesic effect by creating four experimental acupuncture needles with different patterns of surface augmentation.Methods Four types of acupuncture needles with different surface textures(the lined needle,circle needle,sandpaper needle,and threaded needle)were designed.Additionally,the force/torque measurement system used a robot arm and mechanical sensor to measure the force on the needle during insertion and manipulation.To perform acupuncture analgesia experiments,four experimental acupuncture needles and a normal needle were inserted into the Zusanli(ST36)acupoint of rats with inflammatory pain.By comparing the force and torque and the analgesic efficacy of the different acupuncture needles,these experiments tested the role of acupuncture needle body texture on acupuncture analgesia.Results The analgesic effects of different acupuncture needle body textures varied.Specifically,the force required to penetrate the skin with the lined needle was not greater than that for the normal needle;however,the needle with inscribed circles and the sandpaper-roughened needle both required greater force for insertion.Additionally,the torque of the lined needle reached 2×10^(-4)N·m under twisting manipulation,which was four times greater the torque of a normal needle(5×10^(-5)N·m).Furthermore,the lined needle improved pain threshold and mast cell degranulation rate compared to the normal needle.Conclusion Optimizing the texture of acupuncture needles can enhance acupuncture analgesia.The texture of our experimental acupuncture needles had a significant impact on the force needed to penetrate the skin and the torque needed to manipulate the needle;it was also linked to variable analgesic effects.This study provides a theoretical basis for enhancing the analgesic efficacy of acupuncture through the modification of needles and promoting the development of acupuncture therapy.
基金supported by the following:“National Natural Science Foundation of China”(22478231)“Natural Science Foundation of Henan”(242300421449)“Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province”(202403021221011).
文摘Coal-based soild wastes(CBSWs)are industrial byproducts that can be harmful to the environment.The exploitation and utilization of CBsWs offer societal advantages such as resource conservation,pollution reduction,and cost-effective production.However,environmentally sustainable management remains a worldwide challenge due to the substantial production volume and limited disposal capacity of CBSWs.The physicochemical properties and utilization of CBSWs are summarized,including fly ash,coal gangue and coal gasification slag.It also presents the current global applications status of CBSWs resources and examines market supply and demand.Subsequently,the paper provides an overview of studies on ways to utilise CBSWs,highlighting the primary avenues of CBSWs resource utilization which are mainly from the fields of chemical materials,metallurgy and agriculture.Furthermore,a comparative evaluation of the various methods for CBSWs resource recovery is conducted,outlining their respective advantages and disadvantages.The future development of CBSWs recycling processes is also discussed.The review concludes that while there is a growing need for attention in CBSWs recycling,its utilization will involve a combination of both large-scale treatment and refinement processes.The paper aims to offer references and insights for the effective utilization and environmental protection of CBSWs.Future direction will focus on the collaborative utilization of CBSWs,emphasizing on the combination of large-scale and high-value utilization.In addition,there is a need to establish a comprehensive database based on on-site production practices,explore on-site solutions to reduce transportation costs,and improve physicochemical properties during the production process.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2100205)the Fujian Province Science and Technology Plan Project,China(2023N3008).
文摘With the rapid growth of the global population and the increasing demand for healthier diets,improving the nutrient utilization efficiency of staple food crops has become a critical scientific and industrial chal-lenge,prompting innovation in food processing technologies.This review introduces first the common nutritional challenges in the processing of staple food crops,followed by the comprehensive examination of research aiming to enhance the nutritional quality of staple food crop-based foods through innovative processing technologies,including microwave(MW),pulsed electric field(PEF),ultrasound,modern fer-mentation technology,and enzyme technology.Additionally,soybean processing is used as an example to underscore the importance of integrating innovative processing technologies for optimizing nutrient utilization in staple food crops.Although these innovative processing technologies have demonstrated a significant potential to improve nutrient utilization efficiency and enhance the overall nutritional pro-file of staple food crop-based food products,their current limitations must be acknowledged and addressed in future research.Fortunately,advancements in science and technology will facilitate pro-gress in food processing,enabling both the improvement of existing techniques as well as the develop-ment of entirely novel methodologies.This work aims to enhance the understanding of food practitioners on the way processing technologies may optimize nutrient utilization,thereby fostering innovation in food processing research and synergistic multi-technological strategies,ultimately providing valuable references to address global food security challenges.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52107126 and52077179)the Key Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund Project(No.2023YFB2303901)the funding of Chengdu Guojia Electrical Engineering Co.,Ltd.(No.NEEC-2022-B11).
文摘The regenerative braking energy utilization system(RBEUS)stands as a promising technique for improving the efficiency and power quality of electrified railways.Beyond the vital aspects of energy management and control strategies,ensuring fault protection is paramount for the secure and steady operation of the traction power supply system(TPSS)integrated with RBEUS.This paper introduces an innovative protection scheme tailored to diverse RBEUS application scenarios.Firstly,fault categories are streamlined into three levels:system,equipment,and warning.Subsequently,a novel multi-port active power differential protection method,aligned with RBEUS operational principles,is crafted to serve as a comprehensive and sensitive main protection.Building upon this foundation,a hierarchical protection structure for RBEUS is established,addressing the intricacies and variations in fault types while boosting anti-disturbance capabilities under faulty conditions.Embracing the principle of railway-oriented safety,a collaborative RBEUS-TPSS protection scheme is put forth.Finally,through simulated scenarios encompassing various fault conditions,the proposed scheme’s feasibility and effectiveness are convincingly validated.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2021YFD1300201)Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology Innovation Platform and Talent Special Project(No.20230508090RC).
文摘Background There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming,but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature.This study investigated the relationship between dietary fiber physicochemical properties and feedstuff fermentation characteristics and their effects on nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and gut microbiota in growing pigs.Methods Thirty-six growing barrows(47.2±1.5 kg)were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments with 2 apparent viscosity levels and 3β-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios.In the experiment,nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,fecal microbial community,and production and absorption of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)of pigs were investigated.In vitro digestion and fermentation models were used to compare the fermentation characteristics of feedstuffs and ileal digesta in the pig’s hindgut.Results The production dynamics of SCFA and dry matter corrected gas production of different feedstuffs during in vitro fermentation were different and closely related to the physical properties and chemical structure of the fiber.In animal experiments,increasing the dietary apparent viscosity and theβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased the apparent ileal digestibility(AID),apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD),and hindgut digestibility of fiber components while decreasing the AID and ATTD of dry matter and organic matter(P<0.05).In addition,increasing dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased gas exchange,heat production,and protein oxidation,and decreased energy deposition(P<0.05).The dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucanto-arabinoxylan ratios had linear interaction effects on the digestible energy,metabolizable energy,retained energy(RE),and net energy(NE)of the diets(P<0.05).At the same time,the increase of dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased SCFA production and absorption(P<0.05).Increasing the dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria(P<0.05)and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.Furthermore,increasing the dietaryβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios led to a linear increase in SCFA production during the in vitro fermentation of ileal digesta(P<0.001).Finally,the prediction equations for RE and NE were established.Conclusion Dietary fiber physicochemical properties alter dietary fermentation patterns and regulate nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and pig gut microbiota composition and metabolites.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD1901200)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province of China (2023BBB028)+1 种基金the Earmarked Fund of Hubei province of Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2662024ZKQD005)
文摘The effects of micro-ridge-furrow planting(MR)on yield and the efficiency of light,water,and thermal resource use in rapeseed were tested in a three-year field experiment comparing MR to conventional flat planting.MR enhanced canopy heterogeneity by altering the leaf angle between plants on ridges and furrows.The heterogeneous canopy environment increased intercepted photosynthetic active radiation,alleviated canopy temperature stress,and optimized canopy humidity,leading to improvements in light-nitrogen matching and net photosynthetic rate.Consequently,dry matter and yield increased by 13.0%and 11.0%,respectively,while radiation,thermal,and precipitation utilization efficiency increased by 12.3%-16.2%.The corresponding improvements in yield and resource use efficiency were attributed to a heterogeneous canopy environment that improved microclimatic conditions.
基金Supported by Research Unit of Minimally Invasive Pediatric Surgery on Diagnosis and Treatment,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,No.2021RU016.
文摘BACKGROUND Laparoscopic surgery,with the advantage of less trauma,has been predominantly performed to treat pediatric inguinal hernia.However,the traditional three-port laparoscopic surgery remains extremely traumatic for children,whereas singleport laparoscopic surgery causes less damage to children than traditional laparoscopy.However,single-port laparoscopic surgery is more challenging;thus,studies on the effect of its application in pediatric inguinal hernia remain relatively limited.AIM To analyze the association of single-incision laparoscopic herniorrhaphy needle treatment with surgical outcomes,postoperative complications,and serum inflammation in pediatric inguinal hernia.METHODS This retrospective study included 113 pediatric patients with inguinal hernia who underwent surgery at the Children’s Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,from April 2022 to May 2023.Participants were categorized into the observation group(single-incision laparoscopic herniorrhaphy needle,n=60)and the control group(two-port laparoscopic surgery,n=53).Comparative analyses involved surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,and length of hospital stay.C-reactive protein(CRP)and white blood cell count(WBC)levels were measured preoperatively and 24 hours postoperatively.Postoperative pain was evaluated with the face,legs,activity,cry,and Consolability scale.Further,the incidence of complications,recurrence,and reoperation rates was assessed.Logistic regression was employed to determine independent risk factors related to poor prognosis.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss and shorter hospitalization compared to the control group(P<0.05).Both groups demonstrated increased CRP and WBC levels postoperatively,but the observation group exhibited significantly lower levels(P<0.05).Further,pain scores at 24 hours postoperatively were significantly lower in the observation group(P<0.05).Additionally,the observation group experienced fewer adverse events,recurrence rates,and reoperations compared to the control group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis determined increased postoperative stress markers and surgical technique as independent predictors of recurrence(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Single-incision laparoscopic herniorrhaphy needle treatment for pediatric inguinal hernia exhibits significant efficacy,effectively reduces postoperative complications,ensures a more concealed surgical incision,and promotes faster postoperative recovery than conventional two-port laparoscopy.This approach merits wider application.
基金National Key Research and Development Project:Clinical Evaluation of the Interventional Techniques for Abdominal Obesity(No.2019YFC1710102)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of the Qingyanyin formulated granules(轻燕饮配方颗粒,QYY),press needles(PN),and their combined application in addressing abdominal obesity(AO).This trial aims to offer a more scientifically grounded therapeutic regimen for clinical interventions.METHODS:From March 2021 to July 2021,a multicenter,triple-blind,randomized 2×2 factorial design clinical trial was conducted across 7 centers in 4 major cities within China's mainland.The trial participants were patients diagnosed with AO.The trial followed a 1∶1∶1∶1 random allocation ratio,assigning participants to one of four groups:QYY placebo plus simulated press needles(SPN)(placebo+SPN),QYY plus SPN(QYY+SPN),QYY placebo plus PN(placebo+PN),and QYY plus PN(QYY+PN).The trial participants received treatment for 12 weeks.Observe the changes in waist circumference,body weight,body mass index(BMI),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI)scores,and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after treatment.RESULTS:The QYY+PN group exhibited significant improvements in waist circumference compared to placebo+PN[Difference=-1.59,95%CI(-3.03,-0.16)]and placebo+SPN groups[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)].QYY+PN demonstrated a significant advantage over placebo+SPN[Difference=-2.01,95%CI(-3.46,-0.57)],and no statistically significant interaction was observed between the two interventions(P>0.05).In terms of weight and BMI improvements,the QYY+PN,QYY+SPN,and the PN+placebo groups all experienced trending greater reductions in weight compared to the placebo group.In terms of the total scores of PSQI,BAI,and BDI,all four groups exhibited improvements compared to the baseline.Specifically,concerning the change in total PSQI scores,the QYY+PN group exhibited a greater reduction;Regarding the change in total BAI scores,the PN+placebo group demonstrated a greater decrease;As for the change in total BDI scores,the QYY+SPN group displayed a greater reduction.CONCLUSION:This study confirmed that QYY+PN can effectively reduce the waist circumference of patients with AO.Furthermore,the combined approach offers greater benefits than either treatment alone,all without any reported serious adverse events.
基金partly funded by National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) program (Grant No. 633003) to the Screening & Test Evaluation Program, Australia
文摘Preoperative staging of the axilla in women with invasive breast cancer using ultrasound-guided needle biopsy(UNB) identifies approximately 50% of patients with axillary nodal metastases prior to surgical intervention. Although moderately sensitive, it is a highly specific staging strategy that is rarely falsely-positive, hence a positive UNB allows patients to be triaged to axillary lymph-node dissection(ALND) avoiding potentially unnecessary sentinel node biopsy(SNB). In this review, we extend our previous work through an updated literature search, focusing on studies that report data on UNB utility. Based on data for 10,934 breast cancer patients, sourced from 35 studies, a positive UNB allowed triage of 1,745 cases(simple proportion 16%) to axillary surgical treatment: the utility of UNB was a median 19.8% [interquartile range(IQR) 11.6%-26.7%] across these studies. We also modelled data from a subgroup of studies, and estimated that amongst patients with metastases to axillary nodes, the odds ratio(OR) for high nodal disease burden for a positive UNB versus a negative UNB was 4.38 [95% confidence interval(95% CI): 3.13, 6.13], P<0.001. From this model, the estimated proportion with high nodal disease burden was 58.9%(95% CI: 50.2%, 67.0%) for a positive UNB, whereas the estimated proportion with high nodal disease burden was 24.6%(95% CI: 17.7%, 33.2%) if UNB was negative. Overall, axillary UNB has good clinical utility and a positive UNB can effectively triage to ALND. However, the evolving landscape of axillary surgical treatment means that UNB will have relatively less utility where surgeons have modified their practice to omission of ALND for minimal nodal metastatic disease.
基金Lin Du acknowledges the financial support provided by China Scholarship Council(CSC)via a Ph.D.Scholarship(202008510128)supported by Core Technology Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)"Research on Thermal Miscible Flooding Technology"(2023ZG18)。
文摘CO_(2)-responsive gels,which swell upon contact with CO_(2),are widely used for profile control to plug high-permeability gas flow channels in carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)applications in oil reser-voirs.However,the use of these gels in high-temperature CCUS applications is limited due to their rever-sible swelling behavior at elevated temperatures.In this study,a novel dispersed particle gel(DPG)suspension is developed for high-temperature profile control in CCUS applications.First,we synthesize a double-network hydrogel consisting of a crosslinked polyacrylamide(PAAm)network and a crosslinked sodium alginate(SA)network.The hydrogel is then sheared in water to form a pre-prepared DPG suspen-sion.To enhance its performance,the gel particles are modified by introducing potassium methylsilan-etriolate(PMS)upon CO_(2) exposure.Comparing the particle size distributions of the modified and pre-prepared DPG suspension reveals a significant swelling of gel particles,over twice their original size.Moreover,subjecting the new DPG suspension to a 100℃ environment for 24 h demonstrates that its gel particle sizes do not decrease,confirming irreversible swelling,which is a significant advantage over the traditional CO_(2)-responsive gels.Thermogravimetric analysis further indicates improved thermal sta-bility compared to the pre-prepared DPG particles.Core flooding experiments show that the new DPG suspension achieves a high plugging efficiency of 95.3%in plugging an ultra-high permeability sandpack,whereas the pre-prepared DPG suspension achieves only 82.8%.With its high swelling ratio,irreversible swelling at high temperatures,enhanced thermal stability,and superior plugging performance,the newly developed DPG suspension in this work presents a highly promising solution for profile control in high-temperature CCUS applications.
基金the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0206700)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(2462021YJRC012).
文摘Carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)represents a critical technological pathway for global car-bon emission reduction.CCUS-enhanced oil recovery(EOR)technology is the most feasible CCUS technol-ogy demonstrating dual benefits of enhanced energy production and carbon reduction.This study comprehensively described the key influencing factors governing CO_(2)-EOR and geological storage and systematically analyzed reservoir properties,fluid characteristics,and operational parameters.The mech-anisms of these parameters on EOR versus CO_(2) storage performance were investigated throughout CCUS-EOR processes.This paper proposes a coupled two-stage CCUS-EOR process:CO_(2)-EOR storage stage and long-term CO_(2) storage stage after the CO_(2) injection phase is completed.In each stage,the main control factors impacting the CO_(2)-EOR and storage stages are screened and coupled with rigorous technical anal-ysis.The key factors here are reservoir properties,fluid characteristics,and operational parameter.A novel CCUS-EOR synergistic method was proposed to optimize the lifecycle performance of dual objective of EOR and storage.Furthermore,based on multi-objective optimization,considering the lifecycle,a multi-scale techno-economic evaluation method was proposed to fully assess the CCUS-EOR project per-formance.Finally,a set of recommendations for advancing CCUS-EOR technologies by deploying multi-factor/multi-field coupling methodologies,novel green intelligent injection materials,and artificial intel-ligence/machine learning technologies were visited.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0120700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52274041)Distinguished Young Sichuan Science Scholars(2023NSFSC1954).
文摘Cyclic injection holds great potential for CO_(2) emission reduction coupled with enhanced unconventional oil recovery.There is,however,a lack of a thorough understanding of carbon distribution,migration,and transformation underground over time at the reservoir scale.To address this issue,we conducted a rig-orous numerical simulation integrating microseismic events,multi-geomechanics,and multi-geochemistry to represent the complex fracture geometry,rock stress sensitivity,and CO_(2)-oil-brine-rock interactions.The fluid model,reservoir model,and geochemical reaction kinetics were carefully validated and calibrated using experimental data.The performance of CO_(2) utilization and geological storage was comprehensively investigated in terms of changes in oil production,CO_(2) storage,carbon distribution,and petrophysical properties.The results indicate that 48.3%of the injected CO_(2) was stored stably under-ground after ten cycles(ten years),with a 3.4%increase in oil recovery.The presence of multiple CO_(2) stor-age forms,such as dissolved in water and mineralized carbonate,impeded CO_(2)-oil interaction,leading to a 25.9%reduction in the volume of the CO_(2)-oil mixing zone and a 2.2%decrease in cumulative oil pro-duction,albeit with a 7.7%increase in the storage rate.The cyclic injection mode had a significant impact on the migration and transformation of CO_(2) in the reservoir.While dissolved CO_(2) in oil accounted for over half of the total storage,it had the possibility of being released during production.After ten cycles,20%of the injected CO_(2)(approximately 12000 t)reached long-term storage in four forms:mineralized carbon-ate(6%),water-dissolved CO_(2)(6%),aqueous ions(4%),and trapped gas(4%).Notably,the non-fracture zone within the stimulated reservoir volume(SRV)served as the primary trapping area for residual gas.This work provides valuable insights into dynamic CO_(2) transport and transformation processes under cyclic injection and presents a more comprehensive and precise framework for assessing CO_(2) capture,utilization,and storage with enhanced oil recovery(CCUS-EOR)performance in unconventional reser-voirs after fracturing.
文摘BACKGROUND This is a randomized study to compare the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided sampling of pancreatic solid lesions obtained with the 22-gauge Franseen(EUS-fine needle biopsy)vs the 22-gauge standard needle(EUS-fine needle aspiration)without rapid onsite evaluation(ROSE),since,in most endoscopy units around the world ROSE is not routinely available.AIM To investigate the accuracy of EUS-guided sampling of pancreatic solid lesions obtained between two different needles without ROSE.METHODS Patients with a solid pancreatic were included.Patients were biopsied in a randomized order.The primary endpoint was the diagnostic sensitivity for pancreatic malignancy(PM).Secondary outcomes were adequacy of the sample,the mean tissue area,the mean tumor area,and the adverse event rate.RESULTS The final diagnosis was pancreatic adenocarcinoma in 38(76%),neuroendocrine tumor in 4(8%),chronic pancreatitis in 3(6%)patients.The sensitivity for PM with Franseen needle was 0.91[95%confidence interval(CI):0.80-0.98],vs 0.8(95%CI:0.67-0.91)(P=0.025)with standard needle.The specificity for PM did not differentiate.The accuracy of the standard needle for PM was 0.80(95%CI:0.66-0.90),and the Franseen group was 0.90(95%CI:0.78-0.97)(P=0.074).The technical success rates for the standard and Franseen needle groups were 94%(95%CI:0.83-0.99)and 100%(95%CI:0.92-1.00),respectively.The mean total tissue area in mm2(SD)was greater in the Franseen group,2.07(0.22)vs 1.16(0.17)(P<0.01).The mean tumor area in mm2(SD)was not different in Franseen group vs standard group,0.42(0.09)vs 0.47(0.09)(P=0.80).There were no adverse events.CONCLUSION The sensitivity for PM and mean total tissue area,was greater in the as compared with standard needle.The mean tumor area did not differ between the groups.
