The Explosive Reactive Armors(ERA)are really efficient at reducing Shaped Charge Jet(SCJ)performance.The main destabilizing mechanism is the transverse movement of the front and rear moving plates(MP)on the SCJ.Theref...The Explosive Reactive Armors(ERA)are really efficient at reducing Shaped Charge Jet(SCJ)performance.The main destabilizing mechanism is the transverse movement of the front and rear moving plates(MP)on the SCJ.Therefore,a good understanding of the interaction SCJ/MP is essential for improving both weapon and armor systems.In a previous article,we have shown that interaction regimes are mainly influenced by the local collision geometry.Thus,in the collision point frame,the angle of collision be-tween the continuous SCJ and the MP is a key parameter.This flow angle is acute for the Backward Moving plate(BMP)moving against the SCJ and obtuse for the Forward Moving Plate(FMP)moving alongside it.In the former,the jet is simply deflected,which is the regime 1 of deflection.In the latter,the interaction turns on an alternative creation of fragment and ligament,which is the regime 2.Fragments are parts of the jet that are only slightly deflected while ligaments are the curved material bridges that connect two consecutive fragments.When stretching,the jet is systematically subject to instabilities that disturb its surface,creating necks along it.Their growth finally leads to the jet fragmentation.In this article,we focus on this jet distur-bance and its consequences on the SCJ/MP interaction.An experimental set-up was built to implement the interaction between a SCJ and a moving plate for different collision points,at different stand-off distances.The plate can interact with a smooth SCJ or a disturbed SCJ at a close and a far stand-off distance,respectively.One of the main results is the visualization of a regime change in SCJ/BMP interaction.A regime 1(deflection)interaction changes into a ligament regime interaction(similar to a FMP regime 2)when the collision point stand-off is increased.It is proposed that this change can be attributed as the increase of the amplitude of the jet surface disturbances.This phenomenon is well captured by the gSPH simula-tions.Finally,using both experimental and numerical approaches,we propose a new detailed analysis of the different phenomena occurring during the interaction between a disturbed-surface jet and a moving plate.Interaction regime changes are linked to jet local geometry changes.The interactions of a BMP with a smooth SCJ or with a disturbed surface SCJ are geometrically not the same and,thus,generate different local flows and interaction mechanisms.However,some other simulations have been carried out with constant velocity jet whose surface has been previously disturbed.These simulations underline the influence of both disturbance wavelength l and amplitude A on the interaction regimes.Surface disturbances of the SCJ,linked to its stretching,have a major influence on its interaction with a moving plate.展开更多
针对红外图像背景复杂、信噪比低、检测目标尺寸小和亮度弱等检测难点,提出一种基于YOLOv7s的轻量级红外小目标检测算法ISTD-YOLO(Infrared Small Target Detection-You Only Look Once)。首先,对YOLOv7s网络结构进行轻量化重构,分别将...针对红外图像背景复杂、信噪比低、检测目标尺寸小和亮度弱等检测难点,提出一种基于YOLOv7s的轻量级红外小目标检测算法ISTD-YOLO(Infrared Small Target Detection-You Only Look Once)。首先,对YOLOv7s网络结构进行轻量化重构,分别将特征提取网络和特征融合网络重新调整,设计出一种三尺度轻量级网络架构,提高对小目标的检测性能;然后,采用VoV-GSCSP来取代模型颈部网络的ELAN-W模块,以降低计算成本和网络结构的复杂性,提高推理速度;其次,在颈部网络中引入一种无参注意力机制,增强局部上下文信息的关联性,更准确地提取目标的定位;最后,选用归一化高斯Wasserstein距离(Normalized Gaussian Wasserstein Distance,NWD)优化常用的IoU指标,来计算预测框与真实框之间的重叠关系,增强对小目标的定位和检测精度。实验结果表明,ISTD-YOLO可以有效改善检测效果,对比基线模型,在HIT-UAV与IDSAT数据集上的检测精度分别提高8.52%与4.77%;模型体积仅有21.8 MB,参数量减少69.8%,计算量下降17.6%;相较于当下主流算法,ISTD-YOLO在各方面指标均得到有效改善,能够实现对红外小目标的高质量检测。展开更多
Increased neck strength has been linked to a potential decrease in traumatic brain injuries(TBI).The purpose was to determine the efficacy of a neck-strengthening protocol using a novel neck-strengthening device to in...Increased neck strength has been linked to a potential decrease in traumatic brain injuries(TBI).The purpose was to determine the efficacy of a neck-strengthening protocol using a novel neck-strengthening device to increase isometric neck strength and rate of force development(RFD).Utilizing self-generated centripetal force,participants trained for 14 weeks.A linear mixed model was used to analyze the relationship between post-assessment measurements and pre-assessments measurements,while accounting for repeated measure random effect at the individual level,and a regular random error term.RFD values were 4.344 times higher in the clockwise direction and 5.978 times higher in the counterclockwise direction when comparing pre and post assessment measurements.Isometric neck strength increased significantly(p<0.05)in the cervical extension(p=0.010)and left lateral flexion(p=0.009)directions.The results can be used in strength training and clinical settings to potentially reduce the incidence of TBI.展开更多
Dear Editor,Local recurrence and cervical lymph node metastases are major causes of mortality in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).To date,none of the proposed strategies for predicting outcom...Dear Editor,Local recurrence and cervical lymph node metastases are major causes of mortality in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).To date,none of the proposed strategies for predicting outcomes in this disease have proven fully effective,and a comprehensive physical examination remains the primary method for early detection and monitoring of HNSCC.展开更多
Background:The risk of internal fixation failure remains relatively high in stable femoral neck fracture(FNF)(Garden I or II).Preoperative sagittal displacement of the femoral head has been proposed as a potential inf...Background:The risk of internal fixation failure remains relatively high in stable femoral neck fracture(FNF)(Garden I or II).Preoperative sagittal displacement of the femoral head has been proposed as a potential influencing factor.This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sagittal displacement on the outcomes of cannulated screw internal fixation(CSIF)in patients with stable FNF(Garden I or II)by reconstructing the axial sagittal oblique plane of the fracture using preoperative computed tomography(CT)imaging.Methods:This study included 167 patients with FNF who underwent CSIF.The sagittal tilt angle of the femoral head(STAFH)was evaluated using three-dimensional CT(3D-CT).The distribution of preoperative STAFH was analyzed,and its independent association with treatment failure was assessed.Treatment failure was defined as the need for revision surgery within 2 years postoperatively due to avascular necrosis,nonunion,or internal fixation failure.Results:Among the 167 patients,9(5.4%)exhibited anterior tilt(AT)of the femoral head,158(94.60%)presented with posterior tilt(PT).A total of 50 patients(29.9%)demonstrated excessive sagittal displacement(AT≥10°or PT≥20°).In the failure group,80.0%of patients had excessive sagittal displacement compared to 28.1%in the healed group.Excessive sagittal displacement was significantly associated with an increased risk of surgical failure(odds ratio:11.953,95%CI:3.656-39.083,p<0.05).Conclusions:In patients with Garden I or II FNF,greater preoperative sagittal displacement of the femoral head was correlated with a higher likelihood of CSIF failure.AT≥10°or PT≥20°were identified as independent predictors of CSIF failure in FNF patients.Nevertheless,these findings still require confirmation through prospective,multi-center clinical trials with large sample sizes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer often develop depressive symptoms during radiochemotherapy due to changes in saliva secretion,radiation-induced oral mucositis,and dysphagia.These symptoms significantly a...BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer often develop depressive symptoms during radiochemotherapy due to changes in saliva secretion,radiation-induced oral mucositis,and dysphagia.These symptoms significantly affect quality of life.Although existing nursing interventions provide some relief,they have limitations in improving swallowing function and developing coping strategies.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of tongue pressure resistance feedback training combined with empowerment education in improving depressive symptoms and swallowing function in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.METHODS This study included 110 patients with head and neck cancer who exhibited depressive symptoms and underwent radiochemotherapy at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University between January 2021 and December 2023.Patients were randomly assigned to either a reference group or an experimental group,each comprising 55 patients.The reference group received routine care,whereas the experimental group received tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education.After 6 weeks of continuous intervention,comparisons were made between the two groups regarding depressive symptom scores,swallowing function,coping strategies,and quality of life,both pre-and post-intervention.RESULTS Following the intervention,both groups demonstrated decreased scores for depressive symptoms and swallowing function,with the experimental group showing a significantly greater reduction than the reference group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated higher confrontation scores and lower avoidance and submission scores for coping strategies than the reference group(P<0.05).Quality of life scores improved in both groups after the intervention,with the experimental group showing markedly higher scores than the reference group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education is effective in alleviating depressive symptoms,enhancing swallowing function,optimizing coping strategies,and significantly improving the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.This approach shows promise for clinical applications and promotion.展开更多
Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16)in cancer correlates with poor prognosis,as well as tumor cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.While CXCL16 can ...Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16)in cancer correlates with poor prognosis,as well as tumor cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.While CXCL16 can serve as a tumor biomarker,the underlying mechanism in modulating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)remains unclear.In this study,the aimed was to investigate the CXCL16 expression in HNSCC and to uncover the potential underlying mechanism.Hereby,we determined the high expression of CXCL16 in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,as well as in tissue samples from patients with HNSCC at our central hospital and from HNSCC cell lines.The results showed that CXCL16 knockdown inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of HNSCC cells.Mechanistically,transcriptome sequencing revealed that CXCL16 may affect HNSCC cell growth by regulating the antioxidant pathway of glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1).The reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were elevated in small interfering CXCL16(si-CXCL16)cells,which may contribute to the inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Moreover,treatment of cells with the GPX1 inhibitor eldecalcitol(ED-71)revealed that HNSCC cell growth was significantly inhibited in the synergistic group of si-CXCL16 and GPX1 inhibitor compared to the si-CXCL16 group.In conclusion,CXCL16 contributed to the development of HNSCC cells by modulating the GPX1-mediated antioxidant pathway.Thus,targeting cellular CXCL16 expression seems to be a promising strategy for treating HNSCC.展开更多
Objectives To elucidate the potential mechanisms of electroacupuncture(EA)in restoring detrusor-bladder neck dyssynergia(DBND)following suprasacral spinal cord injury(SSCI).Methods A total of 52 specific pathogen-free...Objectives To elucidate the potential mechanisms of electroacupuncture(EA)in restoring detrusor-bladder neck dyssynergia(DBND)following suprasacral spinal cord injury(SSCI).Methods A total of 52 specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade famale Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats(10-12 weeks,250-280 g)were randomly assigned to either a sham group(n=12)or a spinal cord injury model group(n=40).In the model group,DBND was induced through Hassan Shaker spinal cord transection at T10 level,with 24 rats meeting inclusion criteria and subse-quently randomized into DBND group(n=12)and EA intervention group(DBND+EA group,n=12).After spinal shock recovery(day 19 after modeling),DBND+EA group received EA treatment at Ciliao(BL32),Zhongji(RN3),and Sanyinjiao(SP6)acupoints for 20 min per ses-sion at 10/50 Hz frequencies,once daily for 10 d.Sham and DBND groups received anesthe-sia only without EA intervention.On day 29 post-modeling,all rats underwent urodynamic assessments,followed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining,tandem mass tag(TMT)pro-teomics,and Western blot(WB)analysis of detrusor and bladder neck tissues.Differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were defined as proteins with P<0.05,unique peptides≥2,and fold change>1.2 or<0.83.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway anal-ysis was performed using KOBAS 3.0(P<0.01),and protein-protein interaction(PPI)net-works were analyzed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)11.5 and Cytoscape 3.9.1.Results Compared with sham group,DBND group showed significantly elevated leak point pressure(LPP)and maximum cystometric capacity(MCC)(both P<0.01).EA treatment sig-nificantly reduced both LPP and MCC compared with DBND group(P<0.01 and P<0.05,re-spectively).HE staining revealed that EA reduced detrusor fibrosis and improved bladder neck inflammation.TMT proteomics identified 30 overlapping DEPs in detrusor and 59 over-lapping DEPs in bladder neck when comparing DBND+EA/DBND groups with sham group.In detrusor tissue,KEGG analysis revealed 10 significantly enriched pathways(P<0.01),in-cluding mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.PPI analysis showed 22 of 30 DEPs were interconnected.In bladder neck tissue,14 pathways were significantly en-riched(P<0.01),including relaxin signaling pathway,with 51 of 59 DEPs showing intercon-nections.Both TMT and WB validations demonstrated that compared with sham controls,DBND rats exhibited upregulated collagen type IV alpha 2 chain(Col4a2)and downregulated guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z)subunit alpha(Gnaz)in detrusor tissue,while EA treatment normalized both proteins(both P<0.05).In bladder neck tissue,DBND rats showed decreased expression of smoothelin(Smtn)and calcium-activated potassium chan-nel subunit beta-1(Kcnmb1)compared with sham controls(both P<0.01),which were both upregulated following EA treatment(P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).Conclusion EA restores detrusor-bladder neck coordination in DBND through dual-target mechanisms.In detrusor tissue,EA modulates contraction via extracellular matrix remodel-ing,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)signaling pathway regulation,and enhanced adenosine triphosphate(ATP)biosynthesis mediated by neurotransmitters.In bladder neck tissue,EA promotes relaxation by maintaining contractile phenotypes,reducing fibrosis,sup-pressing smooth muscle excitation,and regulating presynaptic neurotransmitter release.These findings provide mechanistic insights into EA's therapeutic role in managing DBND.展开更多
Dear Editor,Primary bladder neck obstruction(PBNO)affects approximately 28%–54%of men[1].Its etiology remains unclear.Symptoms of PBNO present as voiding(e.g.,decreased force of stream,hesitancy,intermittent stream,a...Dear Editor,Primary bladder neck obstruction(PBNO)affects approximately 28%–54%of men[1].Its etiology remains unclear.Symptoms of PBNO present as voiding(e.g.,decreased force of stream,hesitancy,intermittent stream,and incomplete emptying),storage(e.g.,frequency,urgency,urge incontinence,and nocturia),or a combination of both[2].Untreated PBNO can lead to bladder dysfunction,bladder diverticula,hydronephrosis,and impaired renal function[3].展开更多
Objective:This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis of the literature on neck pain research from 2000 to 2025,aiming to comprehensively and systematically understand the research landscape,hotspots,and frontier tren...Objective:This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis of the literature on neck pain research from 2000 to 2025,aiming to comprehensively and systematically understand the research landscape,hotspots,and frontier trends in this field,providing a reference for future research directions.Methods:Data were sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection,with the search term TI=“neck pain,”covering the time span from 2000 to 2025,resulting in 2746 articles.Software such as CiteSpace V6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20 was used to analyze publication volume,countries,authors,institutions,keywords,and co-citation networks.Results:The number of publications in neck pain research has been increasing year by year,indicating a rising level of research activity.Authors like Falla,D,Jull,G,and institutions such as Univ Queensland and Univ Toronto have significant influence in this field.Co-occurrence analysis of keywords shows that“neck pain,”“low back pain,”and“disability index”are high-frequency keywords,reflecting research hotspots such as the characteristics and treatment of neck pain and its interrelation with pain in other regions.Timeline analysis and keyword emergence analysis reveal the frontiers and development trends in this field,such as the growing attention on emerging therapeutic methods like“exercise therapy”and“dry needling,”while keywords like“intensity,”“individuals,”and“quality”indicate an increasing emphasis on personalization,precision,and quality control in the treatment process.Conclusion:The field of neck pain research is continuously expanding and deepening.Future research should further investigate the pathogenesis of neck pain,its associations with other conditions,the refinement of assessment methods,and the development of innovative rehabilitation strategies.Emphasis should also be placed on interdisciplinary collaboration to provide more robust theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the clinical treatment and rehabilitation management of neck pain.展开更多
The online version of the original article can be found at:https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/JOTO.2025.9540018 Erratum to Journal of Otology,2025,20(2):123-126.https://doi.org/10.26599/JOTO.2025.9540018 The sur...The online version of the original article can be found at:https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/JOTO.2025.9540018 Erratum to Journal of Otology,2025,20(2):123-126.https://doi.org/10.26599/JOTO.2025.9540018 The surnames and given names of these authors are reversed:Saro-Buendía Miguel,Andresen-Lorca Belén,Pérez-García Alberto,Llópez Carratala Nacho,Carreres Polo Joan,Armengot Carceller Miguel,Perolada Valmaña Jose María.It should be Miguel Saro-Buendía,Belén Andresen-Lorca,Alberto Pérez-García,Nacho Llópez Carratala,Joan Carreres Polo,Miguel Armengot Carceller,Jose María Perolada Valmaña.展开更多
Osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone(ORN-TB)is usually controlled with conservative measures.However,a temporal bone resection may be required in unresponsive cases.The reconstruction of the resulting defects may b...Osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone(ORN-TB)is usually controlled with conservative measures.However,a temporal bone resection may be required in unresponsive cases.The reconstruction of the resulting defects may be challenging because of the radiation damage to regional tissues.As a result,distant free flaps may be an optimal choice.For instance,the gracilis muscular free flap(GMFF)has consistent vascular anatomy and can be used to reconstruct small defects.We report three cases of uncontrolled ORN-TB requiring an extensive temporal bone resection followed by vascularized obliteration with a GMFF.The patients reported complete control of the main otologic symptoms(otorrhea,otalgia,and aural fullness)and optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes.Finally,the patients reported significant improvement in quality of life despite early postoperative complications.To our knowledge,the GMFF had not been used to obliterate temporal bone defects in patients with ORN-TB.展开更多
Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors have attracted much attention for applications in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces due to their simple device structures and easy-to-read signals.For practical ap...Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors have attracted much attention for applications in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces due to their simple device structures and easy-to-read signals.For practical applications,the deployment of flexible pressure sensors characterized by high sensitivity and fast response time is imperative for the rapid and accurate detection and monitoring of tiny signals.Such capabilities are essential for facilitating immediate feedback and informed decision-making across a spectrum of contexts.Drawing lessons from the hypersensitive and fast-responding pressure sensing structures in the dragonfly’s neck(for stable imaging during its highly maneuverable flight),a Biomimetic Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor(BPPS)with exquisite mechanically interlocking sensing microstructures is developed.Each interlocking perceptual structure pair consists of an ox-horn-shaped and a mushroom-shaped structural unit.Through the characteristic configuration of the perceptual structure pair,the BPPS realizes a fast gradient accumulation of the contact area,thus synergistically enhancing the sensitivity and fast response capability.Remarkably,the sensitivity of the BPPS reaches 0.35 kPa^(−1),which increased by 75%compared to the 0.2 kPa^(−1) of the pressure sensors without biomimetic structures.Moreover,the BPPS also achieves rapid response/recovery times(<90/15 ms).Our BPPS finds utility in tasks such as identifying objects of different weights,monitoring human respiratory status,and tracking motion,demonstrating its potential in wearable healthcare devices,assistive technology,and intelligent soft robotics.Moreover,it possesses the advantages of high sensitivity and fast response time in practical applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intracranial blister-like microaneurysms are an extremely rare disease.Rupture of intracranial aneurysms can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Patients with SAH may experience severe neurological symptom...BACKGROUND Intracranial blister-like microaneurysms are an extremely rare disease.Rupture of intracranial aneurysms can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Patients with SAH may experience severe neurological symptoms,including severe headache,nausea,vomiting,transient or persistent loss of consciousness,limb weakness,and blurred vision.Ruptured aneurysms should be surgically treated as soon as possible.Intravascular electrocoagulation is becoming a promising treatment method for intracranial blister-like microaneurysms.The short-term follow-up results demonstrated that this method is safe and effective.This article presents a case of endovascular electrocoagulation for the treatment of a blisterlike microaneurysm.CASE SUMMARY This article reports the case of 71-year-old female patient with an intracranial aneurysm.The patient experienced a sudden headache with vomiting for 3 hours.Brain computed tomography(CT)scan showed a subarachnoid hemorrhage.She was diagnosed with rupture of an aneurysm and subarachnoid hemorrhage.The aneurysm was located in the choroidal segment of the right internal carotid artery.The size of the aneurysm was 2.00 mm×1.80 mm×1.97 mm,and the neck of the aneurysm was less than 0.5 mm wide.We successfully treated this aneurysm with endovascular electrocoagulation,and the patient was safely returned to the ward and discharged after subsequent supportive treatment.CT angiography reexamination 3 months after surgery revealed no contrast agent extravasation in the original lesion,with a good prognosis.CONCLUSION Endovascular electrocoagulation is an effective and safe method for the treatment of intracranial blister-like microaneurysms.展开更多
Due to the increasing ageing population,femoral neck fracture(FNF)is a common and significant public health issue in the elderly,as it significantly impacts patients’quality of life,frequently leading to severe disab...Due to the increasing ageing population,femoral neck fracture(FNF)is a common and significant public health issue in the elderly,as it significantly impacts patients’quality of life,frequently leading to severe disability.Undoubtedly,hip replacement is the standard current of care for displaced FNF in this population,as it can provide pain relief and allow immediate return to mobility.However,hip arthroplasty may present severe specific complications,such as implant dislocation and infection,which may increase mortality and morbidity,especially in more frail patients.Therefore,in this particular population,alternative treatments should be considered.Girdlestone resection arthroplasty,which includes excision of the femoral head,is a salvage procedure which was first described for the management of chronic tuberculous coxitis,and then widely used in uncontrolled infected hip replacements.This article provides an updated outcome analysis of hip resection arthroplasty as a primary definitive treatment for FNF in frail non-ambulatory patients.展开更多
Musculoskeletal Symptoms(MSS)often arise from prolonged maintenance of bent postures in the neck and trunk during surgical procedures.To prevent MSS,a passive exoskeleton utilizing carbon fiber beams to offer support ...Musculoskeletal Symptoms(MSS)often arise from prolonged maintenance of bent postures in the neck and trunk during surgical procedures.To prevent MSS,a passive exoskeleton utilizing carbon fiber beams to offer support to the neck and trunk was proposed.The application of support force is intended to reduce muscle forces and joint compression forces.A nonlinear mathematical model for the neck and trunk support beam is presented to estimate the support force.A validation test is subsequently conducted to assess the accuracy of the mathematical model.Finally,a preliminary functional evaluation test is performed to evaluate movement capabilities and support provided by the exoskeleton.The mathematical model demonstrates an accuracy for beam support force within a range of 0.8–1.2 N Root Mean Square Error(RMSE).The exoskeleton was shown to allow sufficient Range of Motion(ROM)for neck and trunk during open surgery training.While the exoskeleton showed potential in reducing musculoskeletal load and task difficulty during simulated surgery tasks,the observed reduction in perceived task difficulty was deemed non-significant.This prompts the recommendation for further optimization in personalized adjustments of beams to facilitate improvements in task difficulty and enhance comfort.展开更多
基金supported by the Ministère des Arméesthe Agence de l'Innovation de Défense (AID)
文摘The Explosive Reactive Armors(ERA)are really efficient at reducing Shaped Charge Jet(SCJ)performance.The main destabilizing mechanism is the transverse movement of the front and rear moving plates(MP)on the SCJ.Therefore,a good understanding of the interaction SCJ/MP is essential for improving both weapon and armor systems.In a previous article,we have shown that interaction regimes are mainly influenced by the local collision geometry.Thus,in the collision point frame,the angle of collision be-tween the continuous SCJ and the MP is a key parameter.This flow angle is acute for the Backward Moving plate(BMP)moving against the SCJ and obtuse for the Forward Moving Plate(FMP)moving alongside it.In the former,the jet is simply deflected,which is the regime 1 of deflection.In the latter,the interaction turns on an alternative creation of fragment and ligament,which is the regime 2.Fragments are parts of the jet that are only slightly deflected while ligaments are the curved material bridges that connect two consecutive fragments.When stretching,the jet is systematically subject to instabilities that disturb its surface,creating necks along it.Their growth finally leads to the jet fragmentation.In this article,we focus on this jet distur-bance and its consequences on the SCJ/MP interaction.An experimental set-up was built to implement the interaction between a SCJ and a moving plate for different collision points,at different stand-off distances.The plate can interact with a smooth SCJ or a disturbed SCJ at a close and a far stand-off distance,respectively.One of the main results is the visualization of a regime change in SCJ/BMP interaction.A regime 1(deflection)interaction changes into a ligament regime interaction(similar to a FMP regime 2)when the collision point stand-off is increased.It is proposed that this change can be attributed as the increase of the amplitude of the jet surface disturbances.This phenomenon is well captured by the gSPH simula-tions.Finally,using both experimental and numerical approaches,we propose a new detailed analysis of the different phenomena occurring during the interaction between a disturbed-surface jet and a moving plate.Interaction regime changes are linked to jet local geometry changes.The interactions of a BMP with a smooth SCJ or with a disturbed surface SCJ are geometrically not the same and,thus,generate different local flows and interaction mechanisms.However,some other simulations have been carried out with constant velocity jet whose surface has been previously disturbed.These simulations underline the influence of both disturbance wavelength l and amplitude A on the interaction regimes.Surface disturbances of the SCJ,linked to its stretching,have a major influence on its interaction with a moving plate.
文摘Increased neck strength has been linked to a potential decrease in traumatic brain injuries(TBI).The purpose was to determine the efficacy of a neck-strengthening protocol using a novel neck-strengthening device to increase isometric neck strength and rate of force development(RFD).Utilizing self-generated centripetal force,participants trained for 14 weeks.A linear mixed model was used to analyze the relationship between post-assessment measurements and pre-assessments measurements,while accounting for repeated measure random effect at the individual level,and a regular random error term.RFD values were 4.344 times higher in the clockwise direction and 5.978 times higher in the counterclockwise direction when comparing pre and post assessment measurements.Isometric neck strength increased significantly(p<0.05)in the cervical extension(p=0.010)and left lateral flexion(p=0.009)directions.The results can be used in strength training and clinical settings to potentially reduce the incidence of TBI.
文摘Dear Editor,Local recurrence and cervical lymph node metastases are major causes of mortality in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).To date,none of the proposed strategies for predicting outcomes in this disease have proven fully effective,and a comprehensive physical examination remains the primary method for early detection and monitoring of HNSCC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82422045).
文摘Background:The risk of internal fixation failure remains relatively high in stable femoral neck fracture(FNF)(Garden I or II).Preoperative sagittal displacement of the femoral head has been proposed as a potential influencing factor.This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sagittal displacement on the outcomes of cannulated screw internal fixation(CSIF)in patients with stable FNF(Garden I or II)by reconstructing the axial sagittal oblique plane of the fracture using preoperative computed tomography(CT)imaging.Methods:This study included 167 patients with FNF who underwent CSIF.The sagittal tilt angle of the femoral head(STAFH)was evaluated using three-dimensional CT(3D-CT).The distribution of preoperative STAFH was analyzed,and its independent association with treatment failure was assessed.Treatment failure was defined as the need for revision surgery within 2 years postoperatively due to avascular necrosis,nonunion,or internal fixation failure.Results:Among the 167 patients,9(5.4%)exhibited anterior tilt(AT)of the femoral head,158(94.60%)presented with posterior tilt(PT).A total of 50 patients(29.9%)demonstrated excessive sagittal displacement(AT≥10°or PT≥20°).In the failure group,80.0%of patients had excessive sagittal displacement compared to 28.1%in the healed group.Excessive sagittal displacement was significantly associated with an increased risk of surgical failure(odds ratio:11.953,95%CI:3.656-39.083,p<0.05).Conclusions:In patients with Garden I or II FNF,greater preoperative sagittal displacement of the femoral head was correlated with a higher likelihood of CSIF failure.AT≥10°or PT≥20°were identified as independent predictors of CSIF failure in FNF patients.Nevertheless,these findings still require confirmation through prospective,multi-center clinical trials with large sample sizes.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer often develop depressive symptoms during radiochemotherapy due to changes in saliva secretion,radiation-induced oral mucositis,and dysphagia.These symptoms significantly affect quality of life.Although existing nursing interventions provide some relief,they have limitations in improving swallowing function and developing coping strategies.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of tongue pressure resistance feedback training combined with empowerment education in improving depressive symptoms and swallowing function in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.METHODS This study included 110 patients with head and neck cancer who exhibited depressive symptoms and underwent radiochemotherapy at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University between January 2021 and December 2023.Patients were randomly assigned to either a reference group or an experimental group,each comprising 55 patients.The reference group received routine care,whereas the experimental group received tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education.After 6 weeks of continuous intervention,comparisons were made between the two groups regarding depressive symptom scores,swallowing function,coping strategies,and quality of life,both pre-and post-intervention.RESULTS Following the intervention,both groups demonstrated decreased scores for depressive symptoms and swallowing function,with the experimental group showing a significantly greater reduction than the reference group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated higher confrontation scores and lower avoidance and submission scores for coping strategies than the reference group(P<0.05).Quality of life scores improved in both groups after the intervention,with the experimental group showing markedly higher scores than the reference group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education is effective in alleviating depressive symptoms,enhancing swallowing function,optimizing coping strategies,and significantly improving the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.This approach shows promise for clinical applications and promotion.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of the National Health Commission-Zhejiang Provincial Health Major Science and Technology Plan Project(No.WKJ-ZJ-2415)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2024C03166)+1 种基金the Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2022ZB020)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY21H160049).
文摘Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16)in cancer correlates with poor prognosis,as well as tumor cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.While CXCL16 can serve as a tumor biomarker,the underlying mechanism in modulating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)remains unclear.In this study,the aimed was to investigate the CXCL16 expression in HNSCC and to uncover the potential underlying mechanism.Hereby,we determined the high expression of CXCL16 in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,as well as in tissue samples from patients with HNSCC at our central hospital and from HNSCC cell lines.The results showed that CXCL16 knockdown inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of HNSCC cells.Mechanistically,transcriptome sequencing revealed that CXCL16 may affect HNSCC cell growth by regulating the antioxidant pathway of glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1).The reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were elevated in small interfering CXCL16(si-CXCL16)cells,which may contribute to the inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Moreover,treatment of cells with the GPX1 inhibitor eldecalcitol(ED-71)revealed that HNSCC cell growth was significantly inhibited in the synergistic group of si-CXCL16 and GPX1 inhibitor compared to the si-CXCL16 group.In conclusion,CXCL16 contributed to the development of HNSCC cells by modulating the GPX1-mediated antioxidant pathway.Thus,targeting cellular CXCL16 expression seems to be a promising strategy for treating HNSCC.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, 81874510)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2022JJ40301)Scientific Research Project of the Hunan Provincial Department of Education (21B0369)。
文摘Objectives To elucidate the potential mechanisms of electroacupuncture(EA)in restoring detrusor-bladder neck dyssynergia(DBND)following suprasacral spinal cord injury(SSCI).Methods A total of 52 specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade famale Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats(10-12 weeks,250-280 g)were randomly assigned to either a sham group(n=12)or a spinal cord injury model group(n=40).In the model group,DBND was induced through Hassan Shaker spinal cord transection at T10 level,with 24 rats meeting inclusion criteria and subse-quently randomized into DBND group(n=12)and EA intervention group(DBND+EA group,n=12).After spinal shock recovery(day 19 after modeling),DBND+EA group received EA treatment at Ciliao(BL32),Zhongji(RN3),and Sanyinjiao(SP6)acupoints for 20 min per ses-sion at 10/50 Hz frequencies,once daily for 10 d.Sham and DBND groups received anesthe-sia only without EA intervention.On day 29 post-modeling,all rats underwent urodynamic assessments,followed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining,tandem mass tag(TMT)pro-teomics,and Western blot(WB)analysis of detrusor and bladder neck tissues.Differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were defined as proteins with P<0.05,unique peptides≥2,and fold change>1.2 or<0.83.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway anal-ysis was performed using KOBAS 3.0(P<0.01),and protein-protein interaction(PPI)net-works were analyzed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)11.5 and Cytoscape 3.9.1.Results Compared with sham group,DBND group showed significantly elevated leak point pressure(LPP)and maximum cystometric capacity(MCC)(both P<0.01).EA treatment sig-nificantly reduced both LPP and MCC compared with DBND group(P<0.01 and P<0.05,re-spectively).HE staining revealed that EA reduced detrusor fibrosis and improved bladder neck inflammation.TMT proteomics identified 30 overlapping DEPs in detrusor and 59 over-lapping DEPs in bladder neck when comparing DBND+EA/DBND groups with sham group.In detrusor tissue,KEGG analysis revealed 10 significantly enriched pathways(P<0.01),in-cluding mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.PPI analysis showed 22 of 30 DEPs were interconnected.In bladder neck tissue,14 pathways were significantly en-riched(P<0.01),including relaxin signaling pathway,with 51 of 59 DEPs showing intercon-nections.Both TMT and WB validations demonstrated that compared with sham controls,DBND rats exhibited upregulated collagen type IV alpha 2 chain(Col4a2)and downregulated guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z)subunit alpha(Gnaz)in detrusor tissue,while EA treatment normalized both proteins(both P<0.05).In bladder neck tissue,DBND rats showed decreased expression of smoothelin(Smtn)and calcium-activated potassium chan-nel subunit beta-1(Kcnmb1)compared with sham controls(both P<0.01),which were both upregulated following EA treatment(P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).Conclusion EA restores detrusor-bladder neck coordination in DBND through dual-target mechanisms.In detrusor tissue,EA modulates contraction via extracellular matrix remodel-ing,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)signaling pathway regulation,and enhanced adenosine triphosphate(ATP)biosynthesis mediated by neurotransmitters.In bladder neck tissue,EA promotes relaxation by maintaining contractile phenotypes,reducing fibrosis,sup-pressing smooth muscle excitation,and regulating presynaptic neurotransmitter release.These findings provide mechanistic insights into EA's therapeutic role in managing DBND.
文摘Dear Editor,Primary bladder neck obstruction(PBNO)affects approximately 28%–54%of men[1].Its etiology remains unclear.Symptoms of PBNO present as voiding(e.g.,decreased force of stream,hesitancy,intermittent stream,and incomplete emptying),storage(e.g.,frequency,urgency,urge incontinence,and nocturia),or a combination of both[2].Untreated PBNO can lead to bladder dysfunction,bladder diverticula,hydronephrosis,and impaired renal function[3].
基金Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation Innovation and Development Joint Fund Project(Project No.:2025AFD278)Three Gorges University Scientific Fund Project(Project No.:2022kj008)Three Gorges University Special Scientific Fund Project(Project No.:2023kjzx001)。
文摘Objective:This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis of the literature on neck pain research from 2000 to 2025,aiming to comprehensively and systematically understand the research landscape,hotspots,and frontier trends in this field,providing a reference for future research directions.Methods:Data were sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection,with the search term TI=“neck pain,”covering the time span from 2000 to 2025,resulting in 2746 articles.Software such as CiteSpace V6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20 was used to analyze publication volume,countries,authors,institutions,keywords,and co-citation networks.Results:The number of publications in neck pain research has been increasing year by year,indicating a rising level of research activity.Authors like Falla,D,Jull,G,and institutions such as Univ Queensland and Univ Toronto have significant influence in this field.Co-occurrence analysis of keywords shows that“neck pain,”“low back pain,”and“disability index”are high-frequency keywords,reflecting research hotspots such as the characteristics and treatment of neck pain and its interrelation with pain in other regions.Timeline analysis and keyword emergence analysis reveal the frontiers and development trends in this field,such as the growing attention on emerging therapeutic methods like“exercise therapy”and“dry needling,”while keywords like“intensity,”“individuals,”and“quality”indicate an increasing emphasis on personalization,precision,and quality control in the treatment process.Conclusion:The field of neck pain research is continuously expanding and deepening.Future research should further investigate the pathogenesis of neck pain,its associations with other conditions,the refinement of assessment methods,and the development of innovative rehabilitation strategies.Emphasis should also be placed on interdisciplinary collaboration to provide more robust theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the clinical treatment and rehabilitation management of neck pain.
文摘The online version of the original article can be found at:https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/JOTO.2025.9540018 Erratum to Journal of Otology,2025,20(2):123-126.https://doi.org/10.26599/JOTO.2025.9540018 The surnames and given names of these authors are reversed:Saro-Buendía Miguel,Andresen-Lorca Belén,Pérez-García Alberto,Llópez Carratala Nacho,Carreres Polo Joan,Armengot Carceller Miguel,Perolada Valmaña Jose María.It should be Miguel Saro-Buendía,Belén Andresen-Lorca,Alberto Pérez-García,Nacho Llópez Carratala,Joan Carreres Polo,Miguel Armengot Carceller,Jose María Perolada Valmaña.
文摘Osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone(ORN-TB)is usually controlled with conservative measures.However,a temporal bone resection may be required in unresponsive cases.The reconstruction of the resulting defects may be challenging because of the radiation damage to regional tissues.As a result,distant free flaps may be an optimal choice.For instance,the gracilis muscular free flap(GMFF)has consistent vascular anatomy and can be used to reconstruct small defects.We report three cases of uncontrolled ORN-TB requiring an extensive temporal bone resection followed by vascularized obliteration with a GMFF.The patients reported complete control of the main otologic symptoms(otorrhea,otalgia,and aural fullness)and optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes.Finally,the patients reported significant improvement in quality of life despite early postoperative complications.To our knowledge,the GMFF had not been used to obliterate temporal bone defects in patients with ORN-TB.
基金supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52021003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52222509,52105301)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(Grant No.20220101220JC)supported by“Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”.
文摘Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors have attracted much attention for applications in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces due to their simple device structures and easy-to-read signals.For practical applications,the deployment of flexible pressure sensors characterized by high sensitivity and fast response time is imperative for the rapid and accurate detection and monitoring of tiny signals.Such capabilities are essential for facilitating immediate feedback and informed decision-making across a spectrum of contexts.Drawing lessons from the hypersensitive and fast-responding pressure sensing structures in the dragonfly’s neck(for stable imaging during its highly maneuverable flight),a Biomimetic Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor(BPPS)with exquisite mechanically interlocking sensing microstructures is developed.Each interlocking perceptual structure pair consists of an ox-horn-shaped and a mushroom-shaped structural unit.Through the characteristic configuration of the perceptual structure pair,the BPPS realizes a fast gradient accumulation of the contact area,thus synergistically enhancing the sensitivity and fast response capability.Remarkably,the sensitivity of the BPPS reaches 0.35 kPa^(−1),which increased by 75%compared to the 0.2 kPa^(−1) of the pressure sensors without biomimetic structures.Moreover,the BPPS also achieves rapid response/recovery times(<90/15 ms).Our BPPS finds utility in tasks such as identifying objects of different weights,monitoring human respiratory status,and tracking motion,demonstrating its potential in wearable healthcare devices,assistive technology,and intelligent soft robotics.Moreover,it possesses the advantages of high sensitivity and fast response time in practical applications.
文摘BACKGROUND Intracranial blister-like microaneurysms are an extremely rare disease.Rupture of intracranial aneurysms can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Patients with SAH may experience severe neurological symptoms,including severe headache,nausea,vomiting,transient or persistent loss of consciousness,limb weakness,and blurred vision.Ruptured aneurysms should be surgically treated as soon as possible.Intravascular electrocoagulation is becoming a promising treatment method for intracranial blister-like microaneurysms.The short-term follow-up results demonstrated that this method is safe and effective.This article presents a case of endovascular electrocoagulation for the treatment of a blisterlike microaneurysm.CASE SUMMARY This article reports the case of 71-year-old female patient with an intracranial aneurysm.The patient experienced a sudden headache with vomiting for 3 hours.Brain computed tomography(CT)scan showed a subarachnoid hemorrhage.She was diagnosed with rupture of an aneurysm and subarachnoid hemorrhage.The aneurysm was located in the choroidal segment of the right internal carotid artery.The size of the aneurysm was 2.00 mm×1.80 mm×1.97 mm,and the neck of the aneurysm was less than 0.5 mm wide.We successfully treated this aneurysm with endovascular electrocoagulation,and the patient was safely returned to the ward and discharged after subsequent supportive treatment.CT angiography reexamination 3 months after surgery revealed no contrast agent extravasation in the original lesion,with a good prognosis.CONCLUSION Endovascular electrocoagulation is an effective and safe method for the treatment of intracranial blister-like microaneurysms.
文摘Due to the increasing ageing population,femoral neck fracture(FNF)is a common and significant public health issue in the elderly,as it significantly impacts patients’quality of life,frequently leading to severe disability.Undoubtedly,hip replacement is the standard current of care for displaced FNF in this population,as it can provide pain relief and allow immediate return to mobility.However,hip arthroplasty may present severe specific complications,such as implant dislocation and infection,which may increase mortality and morbidity,especially in more frail patients.Therefore,in this particular population,alternative treatments should be considered.Girdlestone resection arthroplasty,which includes excision of the femoral head,is a salvage procedure which was first described for the management of chronic tuberculous coxitis,and then widely used in uncontrolled infected hip replacements.This article provides an updated outcome analysis of hip resection arthroplasty as a primary definitive treatment for FNF in frail non-ambulatory patients.
基金funded by China Scholarship Council,Grant Number 201906840121department of rehabilitation medicine,University Medical Center Groningen,University of Groningen,grant number:O/085350.
文摘Musculoskeletal Symptoms(MSS)often arise from prolonged maintenance of bent postures in the neck and trunk during surgical procedures.To prevent MSS,a passive exoskeleton utilizing carbon fiber beams to offer support to the neck and trunk was proposed.The application of support force is intended to reduce muscle forces and joint compression forces.A nonlinear mathematical model for the neck and trunk support beam is presented to estimate the support force.A validation test is subsequently conducted to assess the accuracy of the mathematical model.Finally,a preliminary functional evaluation test is performed to evaluate movement capabilities and support provided by the exoskeleton.The mathematical model demonstrates an accuracy for beam support force within a range of 0.8–1.2 N Root Mean Square Error(RMSE).The exoskeleton was shown to allow sufficient Range of Motion(ROM)for neck and trunk during open surgery training.While the exoskeleton showed potential in reducing musculoskeletal load and task difficulty during simulated surgery tasks,the observed reduction in perceived task difficulty was deemed non-significant.This prompts the recommendation for further optimization in personalized adjustments of beams to facilitate improvements in task difficulty and enhance comfort.
