Dear Editor,Local recurrence and cervical lymph node metastases are major causes of mortality in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).To date,none of the proposed strategies for predicting outcom...Dear Editor,Local recurrence and cervical lymph node metastases are major causes of mortality in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).To date,none of the proposed strategies for predicting outcomes in this disease have proven fully effective,and a comprehensive physical examination remains the primary method for early detection and monitoring of HNSCC.展开更多
Objectives To elucidate the potential mechanisms of electroacupuncture(EA)in restoring detrusor-bladder neck dyssynergia(DBND)following suprasacral spinal cord injury(SSCI).Methods A total of 52 specific pathogen-free...Objectives To elucidate the potential mechanisms of electroacupuncture(EA)in restoring detrusor-bladder neck dyssynergia(DBND)following suprasacral spinal cord injury(SSCI).Methods A total of 52 specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade famale Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats(10-12 weeks,250-280 g)were randomly assigned to either a sham group(n=12)or a spinal cord injury model group(n=40).In the model group,DBND was induced through Hassan Shaker spinal cord transection at T10 level,with 24 rats meeting inclusion criteria and subse-quently randomized into DBND group(n=12)and EA intervention group(DBND+EA group,n=12).After spinal shock recovery(day 19 after modeling),DBND+EA group received EA treatment at Ciliao(BL32),Zhongji(RN3),and Sanyinjiao(SP6)acupoints for 20 min per ses-sion at 10/50 Hz frequencies,once daily for 10 d.Sham and DBND groups received anesthe-sia only without EA intervention.On day 29 post-modeling,all rats underwent urodynamic assessments,followed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining,tandem mass tag(TMT)pro-teomics,and Western blot(WB)analysis of detrusor and bladder neck tissues.Differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were defined as proteins with P<0.05,unique peptides≥2,and fold change>1.2 or<0.83.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway anal-ysis was performed using KOBAS 3.0(P<0.01),and protein-protein interaction(PPI)net-works were analyzed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)11.5 and Cytoscape 3.9.1.Results Compared with sham group,DBND group showed significantly elevated leak point pressure(LPP)and maximum cystometric capacity(MCC)(both P<0.01).EA treatment sig-nificantly reduced both LPP and MCC compared with DBND group(P<0.01 and P<0.05,re-spectively).HE staining revealed that EA reduced detrusor fibrosis and improved bladder neck inflammation.TMT proteomics identified 30 overlapping DEPs in detrusor and 59 over-lapping DEPs in bladder neck when comparing DBND+EA/DBND groups with sham group.In detrusor tissue,KEGG analysis revealed 10 significantly enriched pathways(P<0.01),in-cluding mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.PPI analysis showed 22 of 30 DEPs were interconnected.In bladder neck tissue,14 pathways were significantly en-riched(P<0.01),including relaxin signaling pathway,with 51 of 59 DEPs showing intercon-nections.Both TMT and WB validations demonstrated that compared with sham controls,DBND rats exhibited upregulated collagen type IV alpha 2 chain(Col4a2)and downregulated guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z)subunit alpha(Gnaz)in detrusor tissue,while EA treatment normalized both proteins(both P<0.05).In bladder neck tissue,DBND rats showed decreased expression of smoothelin(Smtn)and calcium-activated potassium chan-nel subunit beta-1(Kcnmb1)compared with sham controls(both P<0.01),which were both upregulated following EA treatment(P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).Conclusion EA restores detrusor-bladder neck coordination in DBND through dual-target mechanisms.In detrusor tissue,EA modulates contraction via extracellular matrix remodel-ing,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)signaling pathway regulation,and enhanced adenosine triphosphate(ATP)biosynthesis mediated by neurotransmitters.In bladder neck tissue,EA promotes relaxation by maintaining contractile phenotypes,reducing fibrosis,sup-pressing smooth muscle excitation,and regulating presynaptic neurotransmitter release.These findings provide mechanistic insights into EA's therapeutic role in managing DBND.展开更多
Dear Editor,Primary bladder neck obstruction(PBNO)affects approximately 28%–54%of men[1].Its etiology remains unclear.Symptoms of PBNO present as voiding(e.g.,decreased force of stream,hesitancy,intermittent stream,a...Dear Editor,Primary bladder neck obstruction(PBNO)affects approximately 28%–54%of men[1].Its etiology remains unclear.Symptoms of PBNO present as voiding(e.g.,decreased force of stream,hesitancy,intermittent stream,and incomplete emptying),storage(e.g.,frequency,urgency,urge incontinence,and nocturia),or a combination of both[2].Untreated PBNO can lead to bladder dysfunction,bladder diverticula,hydronephrosis,and impaired renal function[3].展开更多
Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16)in cancer correlates with poor prognosis,as well as tumor cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.While CXCL16 can ...Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16)in cancer correlates with poor prognosis,as well as tumor cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.While CXCL16 can serve as a tumor biomarker,the underlying mechanism in modulating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)remains unclear.In this study,the aimed was to investigate the CXCL16 expression in HNSCC and to uncover the potential underlying mechanism.Hereby,we determined the high expression of CXCL16 in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,as well as in tissue samples from patients with HNSCC at our central hospital and from HNSCC cell lines.The results showed that CXCL16 knockdown inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of HNSCC cells.Mechanistically,transcriptome sequencing revealed that CXCL16 may affect HNSCC cell growth by regulating the antioxidant pathway of glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1).The reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were elevated in small interfering CXCL16(si-CXCL16)cells,which may contribute to the inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Moreover,treatment of cells with the GPX1 inhibitor eldecalcitol(ED-71)revealed that HNSCC cell growth was significantly inhibited in the synergistic group of si-CXCL16 and GPX1 inhibitor compared to the si-CXCL16 group.In conclusion,CXCL16 contributed to the development of HNSCC cells by modulating the GPX1-mediated antioxidant pathway.Thus,targeting cellular CXCL16 expression seems to be a promising strategy for treating HNSCC.展开更多
Purpose: In super-aging societies, prosthodontists will have a growing role and will need to improve their nutrition knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a workshop-based model for increasing d...Purpose: In super-aging societies, prosthodontists will have a growing role and will need to improve their nutrition knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a workshop-based model for increasing dysphagia diet awareness among prosthodontists working with head and neck cancer patients. Methods: The study had a post-intervention design and included 10 maxillofacial prosthetic educators from eight countries who participated in a 120-minute workshop focused on theoretical and practical training in nutrition support for patients with dysphagia. Sessions were held in a specialized restaurant in Tokyo and included lectures, observation of Japanese cooking techniques, hands-on preparation of dysphagia-friendly foods, and cross-cultural comparisons. Knowledge, confidence, and practical application were assessed using a post-workshop questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to evaluate outcomes. Results: Seven of the 10 prosthodontists completed the post-intervention questionnaire. All respondents reported overall satisfaction with the workshop. Session content was regarded as easy to understand by 57.14%, appropriate by 28.57%, and easy by 14.29%. Most respondents (85.71%) were “very satisfied” with the instructors’ explanations, and 100% were “very satisfied” with the workshop’s length and structure;71.42% felt they could apply the knowledge in clinical practice, while 28.58% anticipated challenges. The respondents appreciated the workshop’s focus on dysphagia, particularly in elderly patients, and valued the insights into Japanese dysphagia diets and culture. Conclusions: Workshops on nutrition provide an interactive platform for prosthodontists to enhance their knowledge and improve comprehensive patient care, highlighting the importance for prosthodontists to stay updated on developments in nutrition, particularly in dysphagia.展开更多
Objective:This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis of the literature on neck pain research from 2000 to 2025,aiming to comprehensively and systematically understand the research landscape,hotspots,and frontier tren...Objective:This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis of the literature on neck pain research from 2000 to 2025,aiming to comprehensively and systematically understand the research landscape,hotspots,and frontier trends in this field,providing a reference for future research directions.Methods:Data were sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection,with the search term TI=“neck pain,”covering the time span from 2000 to 2025,resulting in 2746 articles.Software such as CiteSpace V6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20 was used to analyze publication volume,countries,authors,institutions,keywords,and co-citation networks.Results:The number of publications in neck pain research has been increasing year by year,indicating a rising level of research activity.Authors like Falla,D,Jull,G,and institutions such as Univ Queensland and Univ Toronto have significant influence in this field.Co-occurrence analysis of keywords shows that“neck pain,”“low back pain,”and“disability index”are high-frequency keywords,reflecting research hotspots such as the characteristics and treatment of neck pain and its interrelation with pain in other regions.Timeline analysis and keyword emergence analysis reveal the frontiers and development trends in this field,such as the growing attention on emerging therapeutic methods like“exercise therapy”and“dry needling,”while keywords like“intensity,”“individuals,”and“quality”indicate an increasing emphasis on personalization,precision,and quality control in the treatment process.Conclusion:The field of neck pain research is continuously expanding and deepening.Future research should further investigate the pathogenesis of neck pain,its associations with other conditions,the refinement of assessment methods,and the development of innovative rehabilitation strategies.Emphasis should also be placed on interdisciplinary collaboration to provide more robust theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the clinical treatment and rehabilitation management of neck pain.展开更多
Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors have attracted much attention for applications in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces due to their simple device structures and easy-to-read signals.For practical ap...Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors have attracted much attention for applications in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces due to their simple device structures and easy-to-read signals.For practical applications,the deployment of flexible pressure sensors characterized by high sensitivity and fast response time is imperative for the rapid and accurate detection and monitoring of tiny signals.Such capabilities are essential for facilitating immediate feedback and informed decision-making across a spectrum of contexts.Drawing lessons from the hypersensitive and fast-responding pressure sensing structures in the dragonfly’s neck(for stable imaging during its highly maneuverable flight),a Biomimetic Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor(BPPS)with exquisite mechanically interlocking sensing microstructures is developed.Each interlocking perceptual structure pair consists of an ox-horn-shaped and a mushroom-shaped structural unit.Through the characteristic configuration of the perceptual structure pair,the BPPS realizes a fast gradient accumulation of the contact area,thus synergistically enhancing the sensitivity and fast response capability.Remarkably,the sensitivity of the BPPS reaches 0.35 kPa^(−1),which increased by 75%compared to the 0.2 kPa^(−1) of the pressure sensors without biomimetic structures.Moreover,the BPPS also achieves rapid response/recovery times(<90/15 ms).Our BPPS finds utility in tasks such as identifying objects of different weights,monitoring human respiratory status,and tracking motion,demonstrating its potential in wearable healthcare devices,assistive technology,and intelligent soft robotics.Moreover,it possesses the advantages of high sensitivity and fast response time in practical applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intracranial blister-like microaneurysms are an extremely rare disease.Rupture of intracranial aneurysms can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Patients with SAH may experience severe neurological symptom...BACKGROUND Intracranial blister-like microaneurysms are an extremely rare disease.Rupture of intracranial aneurysms can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Patients with SAH may experience severe neurological symptoms,including severe headache,nausea,vomiting,transient or persistent loss of consciousness,limb weakness,and blurred vision.Ruptured aneurysms should be surgically treated as soon as possible.Intravascular electrocoagulation is becoming a promising treatment method for intracranial blister-like microaneurysms.The short-term follow-up results demonstrated that this method is safe and effective.This article presents a case of endovascular electrocoagulation for the treatment of a blisterlike microaneurysm.CASE SUMMARY This article reports the case of 71-year-old female patient with an intracranial aneurysm.The patient experienced a sudden headache with vomiting for 3 hours.Brain computed tomography(CT)scan showed a subarachnoid hemorrhage.She was diagnosed with rupture of an aneurysm and subarachnoid hemorrhage.The aneurysm was located in the choroidal segment of the right internal carotid artery.The size of the aneurysm was 2.00 mm×1.80 mm×1.97 mm,and the neck of the aneurysm was less than 0.5 mm wide.We successfully treated this aneurysm with endovascular electrocoagulation,and the patient was safely returned to the ward and discharged after subsequent supportive treatment.CT angiography reexamination 3 months after surgery revealed no contrast agent extravasation in the original lesion,with a good prognosis.CONCLUSION Endovascular electrocoagulation is an effective and safe method for the treatment of intracranial blister-like microaneurysms.展开更多
Musculoskeletal Symptoms(MSS)often arise from prolonged maintenance of bent postures in the neck and trunk during surgical procedures.To prevent MSS,a passive exoskeleton utilizing carbon fiber beams to offer support ...Musculoskeletal Symptoms(MSS)often arise from prolonged maintenance of bent postures in the neck and trunk during surgical procedures.To prevent MSS,a passive exoskeleton utilizing carbon fiber beams to offer support to the neck and trunk was proposed.The application of support force is intended to reduce muscle forces and joint compression forces.A nonlinear mathematical model for the neck and trunk support beam is presented to estimate the support force.A validation test is subsequently conducted to assess the accuracy of the mathematical model.Finally,a preliminary functional evaluation test is performed to evaluate movement capabilities and support provided by the exoskeleton.The mathematical model demonstrates an accuracy for beam support force within a range of 0.8–1.2 N Root Mean Square Error(RMSE).The exoskeleton was shown to allow sufficient Range of Motion(ROM)for neck and trunk during open surgery training.While the exoskeleton showed potential in reducing musculoskeletal load and task difficulty during simulated surgery tasks,the observed reduction in perceived task difficulty was deemed non-significant.This prompts the recommendation for further optimization in personalized adjustments of beams to facilitate improvements in task difficulty and enhance comfort.展开更多
Intracranial aneurysm(IA)is a prevalent cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and disability rates upon rupture.The hemodynamics of IA,which are significantly influenced by geometric parameters,direct...Intracranial aneurysm(IA)is a prevalent cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and disability rates upon rupture.The hemodynamics of IA,which are significantly influenced by geometric parameters,directly impact its rupture.This study focuses on investigating the transient flow characteristics in saccular IA models fabricated using a water droplet-based method,specifically examining the influence of neck widths.Particle image velocimetry technique and numerical simulation were employed to investigate the dynamic evolution of flow structures within three IA models.The results reveal that neck width(W)has a substantial effect on flow characteristics in the neck region,subsequently impacting the deep flow inside the sac.Three distinct patterns were observed during flow evolution inside the sac:for W=2 mm,two vortices occur and then disappear with relatively low average flow velocity;for W=4 mm,enhanced effects of a high-speed jet result in periodic pulsatile flow velocity distribution while maintaining stable vortex core position;for W=6 mm,significant changes in flow velocity occur due to size expansion and intensity increase of vortices.These findings demonstrate that neck widths play a complex role in influencing transient flow characteristics within IAs.Overall,this research contributes to further understanding transient flow behaviors in IAs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Clinical studies using Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cups have shown promising short and medium-term results.This material,due to its macro and micro surface roughness,provides a substrate for osseointegra...BACKGROUND Clinical studies using Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cups have shown promising short and medium-term results.This material,due to its macro and micro surface roughness,provides a substrate for osseointegration and enhances implant stability.However,there is a lack of evidence in the literature on the use of this material in patients with femoral neck fracture.AIM To evaluate the short-term clinical-functional and radiographic outcomes in patients with femoral neck fractures undergoing total hip arthroplasty(THA)with Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cup implants.METHODS The study included 104 patients with medial femoral neck fractures who underwent THA between January 2020 and December 2020 with the Delta TT acetabular cup(Lima Corporate,Villanova di San Daniele del Friuli,Italy).The mean age of the patients was 69.57±10.16 years(range:36-85 years).The followup period ranged from a minimum of 3 to a maximum of 4 years.Three questionnaires(Harris Hip Score,Oxford Hip Score,and EQ5D)were administered along with radiographic evaluations.Statistical methods included the Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance for comparisons(with significance set at 0.05),and the Kaplan-Meier curve for prosthetic implant survival.RESULTS The mean follow-up was 41.5 months.The Harris Hip Score(HHS)showed a mean increase of 2.74 points(mean HHS 88.52 at 6 months postoperatively and mean HHS 91.26 at the last follow-up)with statistical significance.Similarly,the Oxford Hip Score demonstrated a statistically significant difference between follow-up groups.However,the EQ5D did not show statistically significant differences among the three groups(preoperative,6-month follow-up,and last follow-up).Revision surgery was required in 6 patients.According to Moore's criteria,96%of the acetabular components were radiographically stable and well-integrated at the last follow-up.The Kaplan-Meier curve showed a 96%survival rate.CONCLUSION The clinical and radiographic results obtained in the short to medium term confirm the excellent performance of the Delta TT acetabular cup in terms of osseointegration,providing an optimal solution both for young patients with high functional recovery demands and for fragile patients requiring optimal stability of the acetabular component to reduce the risk of implant failure.展开更多
Objective:The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of neck massage on increased breast milk secretion among postnatal mothers.Materials and Methods:The current study adopted a quasi-experimental design conducted...Objective:The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of neck massage on increased breast milk secretion among postnatal mothers.Materials and Methods:The current study adopted a quasi-experimental design conducted among 60 primi postnatal mothers(30 in each group).Study was conducted at the Postnatal ward of IMS and SUM Hospital,Bhubaneswar,Odisha.Tools used were structured sociodemographic pro forma,structured breast milk adequacy questionnaire,and structured rating scale to assess the adequacy of breast milk production.The duration of the study is 1 year.All the postnatal mothers who were primigravida and undergone cesarean section were chosen as the sample through a convenience sampling technique.Then,the samples were assigned to the intervention group(receiving neck massage)and control group(receiving standard postnatal care).The data were collected and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS version 20.Results:The study resulted a significant difference between the pretest and posttest score of breast milk production after neck massage(P=0.000).The mean score of the posttest(2.90±0.36)is more than the mean score of the pretest(2.89±0.36)of the baby’s weight(P<0.001).Further,the number of urination and stool passed in 24 h was more in the intervention group than the control group(P<0.001).The Chi-square analysis showed statistical significance between breast milk production after neck massage with religion of the postnatal mothers(P<0.05).Conclusion:The neck massage is found effective in improving the breast milk production among primi c-section mothers with improve newborn parameters.展开更多
Background:Head and neck cancers(HNC)account for a significant global health burden,with increasing incidence rates and complex treatment requirements.Traditional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches,while effective,...Background:Head and neck cancers(HNC)account for a significant global health burden,with increasing incidence rates and complex treatment requirements.Traditional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches,while effective,often result in substantial morbidity and limitations in personalized care.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest innovations in diagnostics and therapeutic strategies for HNC from 2015 to 2024.Methods:A review of literature focused on pe-reviewed journals,clinical trial databases,and oncology conference proceedings.Key areas include molecular diagnostics,imaging technologies,minimally invasive surgeries,and innovative therapeutic strategies.Results:Technologies like liquid biopsy next-generation sequencing(NGS)have greatly improved diagnostic accuracy and personalization in HNC care.These advancements have improved survival rates and enhanced patients’quality of life.Personalized therapeutic approaches,including immune checkpoint inhibitors,precision radiation therapy,and surgery,have led to enhanced treatment efficacy while reducing side effects.The integration of AI and machine learning into diagnostics and treatment planning shows promise in optimizing clinical decision-making and predicting treatment outcomes.Conclusion:The current innovations in diagnostics and therapeutics are reshaping the management of head and neck cancer,offering more tailored and effective approaches to care.Overall,the continuous integration of these innovations in clinical practice is reshaping HNC treatment and improving patient outcomes and survival rates.Future research should focus on further refining these technologies,addressing challenges related to accessibility,and exploring their long-term clinical benefits in diverse patient populations.展开更多
Intra-tumoral bacteria are pivotal in the initiation and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC),exerting a significant influence on tumor cell biology,immune responses,and the tumor microenvironme...Intra-tumoral bacteria are pivotal in the initiation and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC),exerting a significant influence on tumor cell biology,immune responses,and the tumor microenvironment(TME).Different types and distribution of bacteria threaten the balance of metabolism and the immune environment of tumor cells.Taking advantage of this disrupted homeostasis,intra-tumoral bacteria stimulate the secretion of metabolites or influence specific immune cell types to produce inflammatory or chemokines,thereby influencing the anti-tumor immune response while regulating the level of inflammation and immunosuppression within the TME.Some intra-tumoral bacteria are used as diagnostic and prognostic markers in clinical practice.Based on the unique characteristics of bacteria,the use of engineered bacteria and outer membrane vesicles for drug delivery and biological intervention is a promising new therapeutic strategy.The presence of intra-tumoral bacteria also makes chemoradiotherapy tolerable,resulting in a poor treatment effect.However,due to the immune-related complexity of intra-tumoral bacteria,there may be unexpected effects in immunotherapy.In this review the patterns of intra-tumoral bacteria involvement in HNSCC are discussed,elucidating the dual roles,while exploring the relevance to anti-tumor immune responses in the clinical context and the prospects and limitations of the use of bacteria in targeted therapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer often develop depressive symptoms during radiochemotherapy due to changes in saliva secretion,radiation-induced oral mucositis,and dysphagia.These symptoms significantly a...BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer often develop depressive symptoms during radiochemotherapy due to changes in saliva secretion,radiation-induced oral mucositis,and dysphagia.These symptoms significantly affect quality of life.Although existing nursing interventions provide some relief,they have limitations in improving swallowing function and developing coping strategies.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of tongue pressure resistance feedback training combined with empowerment education in improving depressive symptoms and swallowing function in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.METHODS This study included 110 patients with head and neck cancer who exhibited depressive symptoms and underwent radiochemotherapy at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University between January 2021 and December 2023.Patients were randomly assigned to either a reference group or an experimental group,each comprising 55 patients.The reference group received routine care,whereas the experimental group received tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education.After 6 weeks of continuous intervention,comparisons were made between the two groups regarding depressive symptom scores,swallowing function,coping strategies,and quality of life,both pre-and post-intervention.RESULTS Following the intervention,both groups demonstrated decreased scores for depressive symptoms and swallowing function,with the experimental group showing a significantly greater reduction than the reference group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated higher confrontation scores and lower avoidance and submission scores for coping strategies than the reference group(P<0.05).Quality of life scores improved in both groups after the intervention,with the experimental group showing markedly higher scores than the reference group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education is effective in alleviating depressive symptoms,enhancing swallowing function,optimizing coping strategies,and significantly improving the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.This approach shows promise for clinical applications and promotion.展开更多
Background:In regard to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSC),a common type of head and neck malignant tumor with high mortality,the role of Piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1(PIEZO1)is poorly u...Background:In regard to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSC),a common type of head and neck malignant tumor with high mortality,the role of Piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1(PIEZO1)is poorly understood.PIEZO1,a mechanosensitive ion channel,is implicated in tumorigenesis,but its expression,prognostic significance,and mechanisms in HNSC remain unclear.Our study aimed to clarify these aspects through in vitro experiments and bioinformatics analyses.Methods:In order to investigate PIEZO1 expression in normal and cancerous tissues,we used The Cancer Genome Atlas data.Our bioinformatics analyses explored PIEZO1 mRNA expression,correlations,survival curves,upstream mRNA targets,and coexpressed genes.Gene Ontology analysis functionally annotated these coexpressed genes,and pathway enrichment studies further clarified their roles.In addition,we conducted in vitro experiments to examine and compare PIEZO1 expression in normal and cancerous human tissue samples.We performed immunohistochemical analyses to detect PIEZO1 expression in human HNSC tissues.Results:Our results have revealed significantly elevated PIEZO1 expression in HNSC tissue samples compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues.Bioinformatics analysis further showed that PIEZO1 expression was notably higher in high-grade HNSC tumors and was associated with lower survival rates.OncomiR database analysis showed that the downregulation of hsa-miR-101-3p correlated with increased PIEZO1 expression in HNSC.Mechanistic studies identified 4 focal adhesion-related genes(ITGA5,LAMC2,PXN,and VEGFC)modulated by PIEZO1.These findings underscore the potential of PIEZO1 as a therapeutic target and prognostic marker for HNSC.Conclusions:Our study has revealed the expression profile of PIEZO1 in HNSC,emphasizing its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target along with hsa-miR-101-3p.展开更多
Objectives:Checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved outcomes in a number of malignancies.To determine the most effective course of treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC),this systematic re...Objectives:Checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved outcomes in a number of malignancies.To determine the most effective course of treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC),this systematic review evaluated the efficacy of several therapeutic approaches based on immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).Methods:A comprehensive evaluation of the literature was conducted,looking at randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that were published in Embase,PubMed,and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials since database establishment.The risk of bias of the enrolled studies was analyzed using The Review Manager(RevMan)5.4.Using network meta-analyses(NMA),the relative treatment effects on overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)from qualifying randomized controlled trials were synthesized and evaluated.Results:Regarding OS,compared with nivolumab plus chemotherapy,chemotherapy(Hazard ratio(HR)2.1,95%Confidence interval=(CI):1.2,3.4)showed a treatment disadvantage.Meanwhile,nivolumab plus chemotherapy may represent the most efficient(57.89%)and has a lower cost among all the treatments enrolled in this study for advanced HNSCC.Regarding PFS,compared with nivolumab plus ipilimumab,nivolumab plus chemotherapy(HR 0.4,95%CI:0.2,0.8)showed=treatment superiority.Additionally,nivolumab plus chemotherapy(77.18%)has the longest PFS among all interventions.Conclusion:Taking into account OS and PFS,the combination of nivolumab plus chemotherapy may appear to be the most effective option and is associated with a comparatively lower cost among all treatments included in this network meta-analysis,thereby recommending its use as a first-line therapy for HNSCC.Registration:INPLASY(2024070073).展开更多
Based on a set of high-resolution 3D seismic data from the northern continental margin of the South China Sea,the lithospheric structure,thinning mechanisms and related syn-rift tectonic deformation response processes...Based on a set of high-resolution 3D seismic data from the northern continental margin of the South China Sea,the lithospheric structure,thinning mechanisms and related syn-rift tectonic deformation response processes in the crustal necking zone in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin were systematically analyzed,and the petroleum geological significance was discussed.The necking zone investigated in the study is located in the Baiyun Sag and Kaiping Sag in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.These areas show extreme crustal thinned geometries of central thinning and flank thickening,characterized by multi-level and multi-dipping detachment fault systems.The necking zone exhibits pronounced lateral heterogeneity in structural architectures,which can be classified into four types of thinned crustal architectures,i.e.the wedge-shaped extremely thinned crustal architecture in the Baiyun Main Sub-sag,dumbbell-shaped moderately thinned crustal architecture in the Baiyun West Sub-sag,box-shaped weakly thinned crustal architecture in eastern Baiyun Sag,and metamorphic core complex weakly thinned crustal architecture in the Kaiping Sag.This shows great variations in the degree and style of crustal thinning,types of detachment faults,distribution of syn-rift sedimentary sequences,and intensity of magmatism.The thinning of the necking zone is controlled by the heterogeneous rheological stratification of lithosphere,intensity of mantle-derived magmatism,and deformation modes of detachment faults.The syn-rift tectonic deformation of the necking zone evolved through three phases,i.e.uniform stretching during the early Wenchang Formation deposition period,necking during the late Wenchang Formation deposition period,and hyperextension during the Enping Formation deposition period.The crustal thinning extent and architectural differentiation in these phases were primarily controlled by three distinct mechanisms,i.e.the pure shear deformation activation of pre-existing thrust faults,the simple shear deformation of crust-mantle and inter-crust detachment faults,and differential coupling of lower crustal flow and ductile domes with main detachment faults.The hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment in the necking zone exhibit marked spatial heterogeneity.Four distinct crustal thinned architecture-hydrocarbon accumulation models were identified in this study.The hydrocarbon accumulations in the shallow part exhibit significant correlations with their deep crustal thinned architectures.The unique lithospheric structure and deformation process predominantly control the favorable hydrocarbon accumulation zones with excellent source-fault-ridge-sand configurations,which is critical to reservoir-forming.The most promising exploration targets are mainly identified on the uplift zones and their seaward-dipping flanks associated with the middle and lower crustal domes.This research provides additional insights into lithospheric thinning-breakup process at intermediate continental margins of marine sedimentary basins,being significant for guiding the deepwater petroleum exploration in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)are common malignancies with high morbidity and mortality rates.Traditional treatments often yield limited efficacy,especially in advanced c...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)are common malignancies with high morbidity and mortality rates.Traditional treatments often yield limited efficacy,especially in advanced cases.Recent advancements in immunotherapy,particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1),have shown promise.However,the expression and interaction of pescadillo ribosomal biogenesis factor 1(PES1)and PD-L1 in these cancers remain unclear.Understanding their roles could provide new insights into tumor biology and improve therapeutic strategies.AIM To investigate the expression levels of PES1 and PD-L1 in tumor tissues of patients with GC and HNSCC.METHODS A total of 58 cases of GC and HNSCC undergoing surgical resection were selected from January 2022 to January 2024.Paraffin specimens of GC and HNSCC tissues were taken from the patients,and the sections were subjected to staining with immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the protein expression of PES1 and PD-L1 was observed microscopically.RESULTS Among 58 GC and HNSCC tissues,30 cases were positive and 28 cases were negative for PES1 expression,and 34 cases were positive and 24 cases were negative for PD-L1 expression.The positive expression rates of PES1 and PDL1 were 51.72% and 58.62%,respectively.PES1 expression was correlated with the TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,and the depth of infiltration(P<0.05),and PD-L1 expression was correlated with the differentiation degree,lymph node metastasis,and infiltration depth(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PES1 and PD-L1 were positively expressed in GC and HNSCC tissues and correlated with clinical features.They may serve as potential biomarkers for immune-targeted therapies.展开更多
The B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog(Bmi-1)protein of the polycomb complex is an essential mediator of the epigenetic transcriptional silencing by the chromatin structure.It has been reported to be crucial...The B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog(Bmi-1)protein of the polycomb complex is an essential mediator of the epigenetic transcriptional silencing by the chromatin structure.It has been reported to be crucial for homeostasis of the stem cells and tumorigenesis.Though years of investigation have clarified Bmi-1’s transcriptional regulation,post-translational modifications,and functions in controlling cellular bioenergetics,pathologies,and DNA damage response,the full potential of this protein with so many diverse roles are still unfulfilled.Bmi-1 is overexpressed in many human malignancies.Unraveling the Bmi-1’s precise functional role in head and neck cancers can be attractive for mechanisms-based developmental therapeutics.This review attempts to synthesize the current knowledge on Bmi-1 with an emphasis on the role that Bmi-1 plays in oral cancer progression and evaluates how this can be used in advancing clinical treatment strategies for head and neck cancer.Bmi-1 is a promising target for therapy because it has been linked to a stemness and oncogenesis signature.However,to use Bmi-1 as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target in the long run,new methods are imperative for further characterization of the physiological roles of Bmi-1.Current biological insights of Bmi-1 as a master regulator of stem cell self-renewal have emerged as a prominent player in cancer stem cell(CSC)biology.Bmi-1+cells mediate chemoresistance and metastasis.On the other hand,inhibiting Bmi-1 rescinds CSC function and re-sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy.Therefore,elucidating therapeutic approaches targeting Bmi-1 can be leveraged to further research analysis to advance clinical treatment strategies for head and neck cancer.展开更多
文摘Dear Editor,Local recurrence and cervical lymph node metastases are major causes of mortality in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).To date,none of the proposed strategies for predicting outcomes in this disease have proven fully effective,and a comprehensive physical examination remains the primary method for early detection and monitoring of HNSCC.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program, 81874510)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2022JJ40301)Scientific Research Project of the Hunan Provincial Department of Education (21B0369)。
文摘Objectives To elucidate the potential mechanisms of electroacupuncture(EA)in restoring detrusor-bladder neck dyssynergia(DBND)following suprasacral spinal cord injury(SSCI).Methods A total of 52 specific pathogen-free(SPF)grade famale Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats(10-12 weeks,250-280 g)were randomly assigned to either a sham group(n=12)or a spinal cord injury model group(n=40).In the model group,DBND was induced through Hassan Shaker spinal cord transection at T10 level,with 24 rats meeting inclusion criteria and subse-quently randomized into DBND group(n=12)and EA intervention group(DBND+EA group,n=12).After spinal shock recovery(day 19 after modeling),DBND+EA group received EA treatment at Ciliao(BL32),Zhongji(RN3),and Sanyinjiao(SP6)acupoints for 20 min per ses-sion at 10/50 Hz frequencies,once daily for 10 d.Sham and DBND groups received anesthe-sia only without EA intervention.On day 29 post-modeling,all rats underwent urodynamic assessments,followed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining,tandem mass tag(TMT)pro-teomics,and Western blot(WB)analysis of detrusor and bladder neck tissues.Differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were defined as proteins with P<0.05,unique peptides≥2,and fold change>1.2 or<0.83.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway anal-ysis was performed using KOBAS 3.0(P<0.01),and protein-protein interaction(PPI)net-works were analyzed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)11.5 and Cytoscape 3.9.1.Results Compared with sham group,DBND group showed significantly elevated leak point pressure(LPP)and maximum cystometric capacity(MCC)(both P<0.01).EA treatment sig-nificantly reduced both LPP and MCC compared with DBND group(P<0.01 and P<0.05,re-spectively).HE staining revealed that EA reduced detrusor fibrosis and improved bladder neck inflammation.TMT proteomics identified 30 overlapping DEPs in detrusor and 59 over-lapping DEPs in bladder neck when comparing DBND+EA/DBND groups with sham group.In detrusor tissue,KEGG analysis revealed 10 significantly enriched pathways(P<0.01),in-cluding mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.PPI analysis showed 22 of 30 DEPs were interconnected.In bladder neck tissue,14 pathways were significantly en-riched(P<0.01),including relaxin signaling pathway,with 51 of 59 DEPs showing intercon-nections.Both TMT and WB validations demonstrated that compared with sham controls,DBND rats exhibited upregulated collagen type IV alpha 2 chain(Col4a2)and downregulated guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z)subunit alpha(Gnaz)in detrusor tissue,while EA treatment normalized both proteins(both P<0.05).In bladder neck tissue,DBND rats showed decreased expression of smoothelin(Smtn)and calcium-activated potassium chan-nel subunit beta-1(Kcnmb1)compared with sham controls(both P<0.01),which were both upregulated following EA treatment(P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).Conclusion EA restores detrusor-bladder neck coordination in DBND through dual-target mechanisms.In detrusor tissue,EA modulates contraction via extracellular matrix remodel-ing,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)signaling pathway regulation,and enhanced adenosine triphosphate(ATP)biosynthesis mediated by neurotransmitters.In bladder neck tissue,EA promotes relaxation by maintaining contractile phenotypes,reducing fibrosis,sup-pressing smooth muscle excitation,and regulating presynaptic neurotransmitter release.These findings provide mechanistic insights into EA's therapeutic role in managing DBND.
文摘Dear Editor,Primary bladder neck obstruction(PBNO)affects approximately 28%–54%of men[1].Its etiology remains unclear.Symptoms of PBNO present as voiding(e.g.,decreased force of stream,hesitancy,intermittent stream,and incomplete emptying),storage(e.g.,frequency,urgency,urge incontinence,and nocturia),or a combination of both[2].Untreated PBNO can lead to bladder dysfunction,bladder diverticula,hydronephrosis,and impaired renal function[3].
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of the National Health Commission-Zhejiang Provincial Health Major Science and Technology Plan Project(No.WKJ-ZJ-2415)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2024C03166)+1 种基金the Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2022ZB020)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY21H160049).
文摘Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16)in cancer correlates with poor prognosis,as well as tumor cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.While CXCL16 can serve as a tumor biomarker,the underlying mechanism in modulating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)remains unclear.In this study,the aimed was to investigate the CXCL16 expression in HNSCC and to uncover the potential underlying mechanism.Hereby,we determined the high expression of CXCL16 in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,as well as in tissue samples from patients with HNSCC at our central hospital and from HNSCC cell lines.The results showed that CXCL16 knockdown inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of HNSCC cells.Mechanistically,transcriptome sequencing revealed that CXCL16 may affect HNSCC cell growth by regulating the antioxidant pathway of glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1).The reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were elevated in small interfering CXCL16(si-CXCL16)cells,which may contribute to the inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Moreover,treatment of cells with the GPX1 inhibitor eldecalcitol(ED-71)revealed that HNSCC cell growth was significantly inhibited in the synergistic group of si-CXCL16 and GPX1 inhibitor compared to the si-CXCL16 group.In conclusion,CXCL16 contributed to the development of HNSCC cells by modulating the GPX1-mediated antioxidant pathway.Thus,targeting cellular CXCL16 expression seems to be a promising strategy for treating HNSCC.
文摘Purpose: In super-aging societies, prosthodontists will have a growing role and will need to improve their nutrition knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a workshop-based model for increasing dysphagia diet awareness among prosthodontists working with head and neck cancer patients. Methods: The study had a post-intervention design and included 10 maxillofacial prosthetic educators from eight countries who participated in a 120-minute workshop focused on theoretical and practical training in nutrition support for patients with dysphagia. Sessions were held in a specialized restaurant in Tokyo and included lectures, observation of Japanese cooking techniques, hands-on preparation of dysphagia-friendly foods, and cross-cultural comparisons. Knowledge, confidence, and practical application were assessed using a post-workshop questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to evaluate outcomes. Results: Seven of the 10 prosthodontists completed the post-intervention questionnaire. All respondents reported overall satisfaction with the workshop. Session content was regarded as easy to understand by 57.14%, appropriate by 28.57%, and easy by 14.29%. Most respondents (85.71%) were “very satisfied” with the instructors’ explanations, and 100% were “very satisfied” with the workshop’s length and structure;71.42% felt they could apply the knowledge in clinical practice, while 28.58% anticipated challenges. The respondents appreciated the workshop’s focus on dysphagia, particularly in elderly patients, and valued the insights into Japanese dysphagia diets and culture. Conclusions: Workshops on nutrition provide an interactive platform for prosthodontists to enhance their knowledge and improve comprehensive patient care, highlighting the importance for prosthodontists to stay updated on developments in nutrition, particularly in dysphagia.
基金Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation Innovation and Development Joint Fund Project(Project No.:2025AFD278)Three Gorges University Scientific Fund Project(Project No.:2022kj008)Three Gorges University Special Scientific Fund Project(Project No.:2023kjzx001)。
文摘Objective:This paper conducts a bibliometric analysis of the literature on neck pain research from 2000 to 2025,aiming to comprehensively and systematically understand the research landscape,hotspots,and frontier trends in this field,providing a reference for future research directions.Methods:Data were sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection,with the search term TI=“neck pain,”covering the time span from 2000 to 2025,resulting in 2746 articles.Software such as CiteSpace V6.3.R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20 was used to analyze publication volume,countries,authors,institutions,keywords,and co-citation networks.Results:The number of publications in neck pain research has been increasing year by year,indicating a rising level of research activity.Authors like Falla,D,Jull,G,and institutions such as Univ Queensland and Univ Toronto have significant influence in this field.Co-occurrence analysis of keywords shows that“neck pain,”“low back pain,”and“disability index”are high-frequency keywords,reflecting research hotspots such as the characteristics and treatment of neck pain and its interrelation with pain in other regions.Timeline analysis and keyword emergence analysis reveal the frontiers and development trends in this field,such as the growing attention on emerging therapeutic methods like“exercise therapy”and“dry needling,”while keywords like“intensity,”“individuals,”and“quality”indicate an increasing emphasis on personalization,precision,and quality control in the treatment process.Conclusion:The field of neck pain research is continuously expanding and deepening.Future research should further investigate the pathogenesis of neck pain,its associations with other conditions,the refinement of assessment methods,and the development of innovative rehabilitation strategies.Emphasis should also be placed on interdisciplinary collaboration to provide more robust theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the clinical treatment and rehabilitation management of neck pain.
基金supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52021003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52222509,52105301)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(Grant No.20220101220JC)supported by“Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”.
文摘Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors have attracted much attention for applications in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces due to their simple device structures and easy-to-read signals.For practical applications,the deployment of flexible pressure sensors characterized by high sensitivity and fast response time is imperative for the rapid and accurate detection and monitoring of tiny signals.Such capabilities are essential for facilitating immediate feedback and informed decision-making across a spectrum of contexts.Drawing lessons from the hypersensitive and fast-responding pressure sensing structures in the dragonfly’s neck(for stable imaging during its highly maneuverable flight),a Biomimetic Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor(BPPS)with exquisite mechanically interlocking sensing microstructures is developed.Each interlocking perceptual structure pair consists of an ox-horn-shaped and a mushroom-shaped structural unit.Through the characteristic configuration of the perceptual structure pair,the BPPS realizes a fast gradient accumulation of the contact area,thus synergistically enhancing the sensitivity and fast response capability.Remarkably,the sensitivity of the BPPS reaches 0.35 kPa^(−1),which increased by 75%compared to the 0.2 kPa^(−1) of the pressure sensors without biomimetic structures.Moreover,the BPPS also achieves rapid response/recovery times(<90/15 ms).Our BPPS finds utility in tasks such as identifying objects of different weights,monitoring human respiratory status,and tracking motion,demonstrating its potential in wearable healthcare devices,assistive technology,and intelligent soft robotics.Moreover,it possesses the advantages of high sensitivity and fast response time in practical applications.
文摘BACKGROUND Intracranial blister-like microaneurysms are an extremely rare disease.Rupture of intracranial aneurysms can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Patients with SAH may experience severe neurological symptoms,including severe headache,nausea,vomiting,transient or persistent loss of consciousness,limb weakness,and blurred vision.Ruptured aneurysms should be surgically treated as soon as possible.Intravascular electrocoagulation is becoming a promising treatment method for intracranial blister-like microaneurysms.The short-term follow-up results demonstrated that this method is safe and effective.This article presents a case of endovascular electrocoagulation for the treatment of a blisterlike microaneurysm.CASE SUMMARY This article reports the case of 71-year-old female patient with an intracranial aneurysm.The patient experienced a sudden headache with vomiting for 3 hours.Brain computed tomography(CT)scan showed a subarachnoid hemorrhage.She was diagnosed with rupture of an aneurysm and subarachnoid hemorrhage.The aneurysm was located in the choroidal segment of the right internal carotid artery.The size of the aneurysm was 2.00 mm×1.80 mm×1.97 mm,and the neck of the aneurysm was less than 0.5 mm wide.We successfully treated this aneurysm with endovascular electrocoagulation,and the patient was safely returned to the ward and discharged after subsequent supportive treatment.CT angiography reexamination 3 months after surgery revealed no contrast agent extravasation in the original lesion,with a good prognosis.CONCLUSION Endovascular electrocoagulation is an effective and safe method for the treatment of intracranial blister-like microaneurysms.
基金funded by China Scholarship Council,Grant Number 201906840121department of rehabilitation medicine,University Medical Center Groningen,University of Groningen,grant number:O/085350.
文摘Musculoskeletal Symptoms(MSS)often arise from prolonged maintenance of bent postures in the neck and trunk during surgical procedures.To prevent MSS,a passive exoskeleton utilizing carbon fiber beams to offer support to the neck and trunk was proposed.The application of support force is intended to reduce muscle forces and joint compression forces.A nonlinear mathematical model for the neck and trunk support beam is presented to estimate the support force.A validation test is subsequently conducted to assess the accuracy of the mathematical model.Finally,a preliminary functional evaluation test is performed to evaluate movement capabilities and support provided by the exoskeleton.The mathematical model demonstrates an accuracy for beam support force within a range of 0.8–1.2 N Root Mean Square Error(RMSE).The exoskeleton was shown to allow sufficient Range of Motion(ROM)for neck and trunk during open surgery training.While the exoskeleton showed potential in reducing musculoskeletal load and task difficulty during simulated surgery tasks,the observed reduction in perceived task difficulty was deemed non-significant.This prompts the recommendation for further optimization in personalized adjustments of beams to facilitate improvements in task difficulty and enhance comfort.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12172017 and 11872083)Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(Grant Nos.KZ202210005006 and KZ202110005007).
文摘Intracranial aneurysm(IA)is a prevalent cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and disability rates upon rupture.The hemodynamics of IA,which are significantly influenced by geometric parameters,directly impact its rupture.This study focuses on investigating the transient flow characteristics in saccular IA models fabricated using a water droplet-based method,specifically examining the influence of neck widths.Particle image velocimetry technique and numerical simulation were employed to investigate the dynamic evolution of flow structures within three IA models.The results reveal that neck width(W)has a substantial effect on flow characteristics in the neck region,subsequently impacting the deep flow inside the sac.Three distinct patterns were observed during flow evolution inside the sac:for W=2 mm,two vortices occur and then disappear with relatively low average flow velocity;for W=4 mm,enhanced effects of a high-speed jet result in periodic pulsatile flow velocity distribution while maintaining stable vortex core position;for W=6 mm,significant changes in flow velocity occur due to size expansion and intensity increase of vortices.These findings demonstrate that neck widths play a complex role in influencing transient flow characteristics within IAs.Overall,this research contributes to further understanding transient flow behaviors in IAs.
文摘BACKGROUND Clinical studies using Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cups have shown promising short and medium-term results.This material,due to its macro and micro surface roughness,provides a substrate for osseointegration and enhances implant stability.However,there is a lack of evidence in the literature on the use of this material in patients with femoral neck fracture.AIM To evaluate the short-term clinical-functional and radiographic outcomes in patients with femoral neck fractures undergoing total hip arthroplasty(THA)with Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cup implants.METHODS The study included 104 patients with medial femoral neck fractures who underwent THA between January 2020 and December 2020 with the Delta TT acetabular cup(Lima Corporate,Villanova di San Daniele del Friuli,Italy).The mean age of the patients was 69.57±10.16 years(range:36-85 years).The followup period ranged from a minimum of 3 to a maximum of 4 years.Three questionnaires(Harris Hip Score,Oxford Hip Score,and EQ5D)were administered along with radiographic evaluations.Statistical methods included the Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance for comparisons(with significance set at 0.05),and the Kaplan-Meier curve for prosthetic implant survival.RESULTS The mean follow-up was 41.5 months.The Harris Hip Score(HHS)showed a mean increase of 2.74 points(mean HHS 88.52 at 6 months postoperatively and mean HHS 91.26 at the last follow-up)with statistical significance.Similarly,the Oxford Hip Score demonstrated a statistically significant difference between follow-up groups.However,the EQ5D did not show statistically significant differences among the three groups(preoperative,6-month follow-up,and last follow-up).Revision surgery was required in 6 patients.According to Moore's criteria,96%of the acetabular components were radiographically stable and well-integrated at the last follow-up.The Kaplan-Meier curve showed a 96%survival rate.CONCLUSION The clinical and radiographic results obtained in the short to medium term confirm the excellent performance of the Delta TT acetabular cup in terms of osseointegration,providing an optimal solution both for young patients with high functional recovery demands and for fragile patients requiring optimal stability of the acetabular component to reduce the risk of implant failure.
文摘Objective:The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of neck massage on increased breast milk secretion among postnatal mothers.Materials and Methods:The current study adopted a quasi-experimental design conducted among 60 primi postnatal mothers(30 in each group).Study was conducted at the Postnatal ward of IMS and SUM Hospital,Bhubaneswar,Odisha.Tools used were structured sociodemographic pro forma,structured breast milk adequacy questionnaire,and structured rating scale to assess the adequacy of breast milk production.The duration of the study is 1 year.All the postnatal mothers who were primigravida and undergone cesarean section were chosen as the sample through a convenience sampling technique.Then,the samples were assigned to the intervention group(receiving neck massage)and control group(receiving standard postnatal care).The data were collected and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS version 20.Results:The study resulted a significant difference between the pretest and posttest score of breast milk production after neck massage(P=0.000).The mean score of the posttest(2.90±0.36)is more than the mean score of the pretest(2.89±0.36)of the baby’s weight(P<0.001).Further,the number of urination and stool passed in 24 h was more in the intervention group than the control group(P<0.001).The Chi-square analysis showed statistical significance between breast milk production after neck massage with religion of the postnatal mothers(P<0.05).Conclusion:The neck massage is found effective in improving the breast milk production among primi c-section mothers with improve newborn parameters.
文摘Background:Head and neck cancers(HNC)account for a significant global health burden,with increasing incidence rates and complex treatment requirements.Traditional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches,while effective,often result in substantial morbidity and limitations in personalized care.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest innovations in diagnostics and therapeutic strategies for HNC from 2015 to 2024.Methods:A review of literature focused on pe-reviewed journals,clinical trial databases,and oncology conference proceedings.Key areas include molecular diagnostics,imaging technologies,minimally invasive surgeries,and innovative therapeutic strategies.Results:Technologies like liquid biopsy next-generation sequencing(NGS)have greatly improved diagnostic accuracy and personalization in HNC care.These advancements have improved survival rates and enhanced patients’quality of life.Personalized therapeutic approaches,including immune checkpoint inhibitors,precision radiation therapy,and surgery,have led to enhanced treatment efficacy while reducing side effects.The integration of AI and machine learning into diagnostics and treatment planning shows promise in optimizing clinical decision-making and predicting treatment outcomes.Conclusion:The current innovations in diagnostics and therapeutics are reshaping the management of head and neck cancer,offering more tailored and effective approaches to care.Overall,the continuous integration of these innovations in clinical practice is reshaping HNC treatment and improving patient outcomes and survival rates.Future research should focus on further refining these technologies,addressing challenges related to accessibility,and exploring their long-term clinical benefits in diverse patient populations.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.82472818 and 82103336)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant nos.2042024kf0021 and 2042022dx0003)the Natural Science Foundation of Wuhan(Grant no.2023020201020515)。
文摘Intra-tumoral bacteria are pivotal in the initiation and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC),exerting a significant influence on tumor cell biology,immune responses,and the tumor microenvironment(TME).Different types and distribution of bacteria threaten the balance of metabolism and the immune environment of tumor cells.Taking advantage of this disrupted homeostasis,intra-tumoral bacteria stimulate the secretion of metabolites or influence specific immune cell types to produce inflammatory or chemokines,thereby influencing the anti-tumor immune response while regulating the level of inflammation and immunosuppression within the TME.Some intra-tumoral bacteria are used as diagnostic and prognostic markers in clinical practice.Based on the unique characteristics of bacteria,the use of engineered bacteria and outer membrane vesicles for drug delivery and biological intervention is a promising new therapeutic strategy.The presence of intra-tumoral bacteria also makes chemoradiotherapy tolerable,resulting in a poor treatment effect.However,due to the immune-related complexity of intra-tumoral bacteria,there may be unexpected effects in immunotherapy.In this review the patterns of intra-tumoral bacteria involvement in HNSCC are discussed,elucidating the dual roles,while exploring the relevance to anti-tumor immune responses in the clinical context and the prospects and limitations of the use of bacteria in targeted therapy.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer often develop depressive symptoms during radiochemotherapy due to changes in saliva secretion,radiation-induced oral mucositis,and dysphagia.These symptoms significantly affect quality of life.Although existing nursing interventions provide some relief,they have limitations in improving swallowing function and developing coping strategies.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of tongue pressure resistance feedback training combined with empowerment education in improving depressive symptoms and swallowing function in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.METHODS This study included 110 patients with head and neck cancer who exhibited depressive symptoms and underwent radiochemotherapy at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University between January 2021 and December 2023.Patients were randomly assigned to either a reference group or an experimental group,each comprising 55 patients.The reference group received routine care,whereas the experimental group received tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education.After 6 weeks of continuous intervention,comparisons were made between the two groups regarding depressive symptom scores,swallowing function,coping strategies,and quality of life,both pre-and post-intervention.RESULTS Following the intervention,both groups demonstrated decreased scores for depressive symptoms and swallowing function,with the experimental group showing a significantly greater reduction than the reference group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated higher confrontation scores and lower avoidance and submission scores for coping strategies than the reference group(P<0.05).Quality of life scores improved in both groups after the intervention,with the experimental group showing markedly higher scores than the reference group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education is effective in alleviating depressive symptoms,enhancing swallowing function,optimizing coping strategies,and significantly improving the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.This approach shows promise for clinical applications and promotion.
基金supported by grants from Hefei Municipal Health Commission,Hefei Municipal Finance Bureau(No.[2023]72).
文摘Background:In regard to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSC),a common type of head and neck malignant tumor with high mortality,the role of Piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1(PIEZO1)is poorly understood.PIEZO1,a mechanosensitive ion channel,is implicated in tumorigenesis,but its expression,prognostic significance,and mechanisms in HNSC remain unclear.Our study aimed to clarify these aspects through in vitro experiments and bioinformatics analyses.Methods:In order to investigate PIEZO1 expression in normal and cancerous tissues,we used The Cancer Genome Atlas data.Our bioinformatics analyses explored PIEZO1 mRNA expression,correlations,survival curves,upstream mRNA targets,and coexpressed genes.Gene Ontology analysis functionally annotated these coexpressed genes,and pathway enrichment studies further clarified their roles.In addition,we conducted in vitro experiments to examine and compare PIEZO1 expression in normal and cancerous human tissue samples.We performed immunohistochemical analyses to detect PIEZO1 expression in human HNSC tissues.Results:Our results have revealed significantly elevated PIEZO1 expression in HNSC tissue samples compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues.Bioinformatics analysis further showed that PIEZO1 expression was notably higher in high-grade HNSC tumors and was associated with lower survival rates.OncomiR database analysis showed that the downregulation of hsa-miR-101-3p correlated with increased PIEZO1 expression in HNSC.Mechanistic studies identified 4 focal adhesion-related genes(ITGA5,LAMC2,PXN,and VEGFC)modulated by PIEZO1.These findings underscore the potential of PIEZO1 as a therapeutic target and prognostic marker for HNSC.Conclusions:Our study has revealed the expression profile of PIEZO1 in HNSC,emphasizing its potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic target along with hsa-miR-101-3p.
文摘Objectives:Checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved outcomes in a number of malignancies.To determine the most effective course of treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC),this systematic review evaluated the efficacy of several therapeutic approaches based on immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).Methods:A comprehensive evaluation of the literature was conducted,looking at randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that were published in Embase,PubMed,and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials since database establishment.The risk of bias of the enrolled studies was analyzed using The Review Manager(RevMan)5.4.Using network meta-analyses(NMA),the relative treatment effects on overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)from qualifying randomized controlled trials were synthesized and evaluated.Results:Regarding OS,compared with nivolumab plus chemotherapy,chemotherapy(Hazard ratio(HR)2.1,95%Confidence interval=(CI):1.2,3.4)showed a treatment disadvantage.Meanwhile,nivolumab plus chemotherapy may represent the most efficient(57.89%)and has a lower cost among all the treatments enrolled in this study for advanced HNSCC.Regarding PFS,compared with nivolumab plus ipilimumab,nivolumab plus chemotherapy(HR 0.4,95%CI:0.2,0.8)showed=treatment superiority.Additionally,nivolumab plus chemotherapy(77.18%)has the longest PFS among all interventions.Conclusion:Taking into account OS and PFS,the combination of nivolumab plus chemotherapy may appear to be the most effective option and is associated with a comparatively lower cost among all treatments included in this network meta-analysis,thereby recommending its use as a first-line therapy for HNSCC.Registration:INPLASY(2024070073).
基金Supported by the Prospective Basic Research Project of CNOOC China Limited(KJQZ-2023-2001)Major Science and Technology Project of CNOOC(KJGG2022-0103-03).
文摘Based on a set of high-resolution 3D seismic data from the northern continental margin of the South China Sea,the lithospheric structure,thinning mechanisms and related syn-rift tectonic deformation response processes in the crustal necking zone in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin were systematically analyzed,and the petroleum geological significance was discussed.The necking zone investigated in the study is located in the Baiyun Sag and Kaiping Sag in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.These areas show extreme crustal thinned geometries of central thinning and flank thickening,characterized by multi-level and multi-dipping detachment fault systems.The necking zone exhibits pronounced lateral heterogeneity in structural architectures,which can be classified into four types of thinned crustal architectures,i.e.the wedge-shaped extremely thinned crustal architecture in the Baiyun Main Sub-sag,dumbbell-shaped moderately thinned crustal architecture in the Baiyun West Sub-sag,box-shaped weakly thinned crustal architecture in eastern Baiyun Sag,and metamorphic core complex weakly thinned crustal architecture in the Kaiping Sag.This shows great variations in the degree and style of crustal thinning,types of detachment faults,distribution of syn-rift sedimentary sequences,and intensity of magmatism.The thinning of the necking zone is controlled by the heterogeneous rheological stratification of lithosphere,intensity of mantle-derived magmatism,and deformation modes of detachment faults.The syn-rift tectonic deformation of the necking zone evolved through three phases,i.e.uniform stretching during the early Wenchang Formation deposition period,necking during the late Wenchang Formation deposition period,and hyperextension during the Enping Formation deposition period.The crustal thinning extent and architectural differentiation in these phases were primarily controlled by three distinct mechanisms,i.e.the pure shear deformation activation of pre-existing thrust faults,the simple shear deformation of crust-mantle and inter-crust detachment faults,and differential coupling of lower crustal flow and ductile domes with main detachment faults.The hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment in the necking zone exhibit marked spatial heterogeneity.Four distinct crustal thinned architecture-hydrocarbon accumulation models were identified in this study.The hydrocarbon accumulations in the shallow part exhibit significant correlations with their deep crustal thinned architectures.The unique lithospheric structure and deformation process predominantly control the favorable hydrocarbon accumulation zones with excellent source-fault-ridge-sand configurations,which is critical to reservoir-forming.The most promising exploration targets are mainly identified on the uplift zones and their seaward-dipping flanks associated with the middle and lower crustal domes.This research provides additional insights into lithospheric thinning-breakup process at intermediate continental margins of marine sedimentary basins,being significant for guiding the deepwater petroleum exploration in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)are common malignancies with high morbidity and mortality rates.Traditional treatments often yield limited efficacy,especially in advanced cases.Recent advancements in immunotherapy,particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1),have shown promise.However,the expression and interaction of pescadillo ribosomal biogenesis factor 1(PES1)and PD-L1 in these cancers remain unclear.Understanding their roles could provide new insights into tumor biology and improve therapeutic strategies.AIM To investigate the expression levels of PES1 and PD-L1 in tumor tissues of patients with GC and HNSCC.METHODS A total of 58 cases of GC and HNSCC undergoing surgical resection were selected from January 2022 to January 2024.Paraffin specimens of GC and HNSCC tissues were taken from the patients,and the sections were subjected to staining with immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the protein expression of PES1 and PD-L1 was observed microscopically.RESULTS Among 58 GC and HNSCC tissues,30 cases were positive and 28 cases were negative for PES1 expression,and 34 cases were positive and 24 cases were negative for PD-L1 expression.The positive expression rates of PES1 and PDL1 were 51.72% and 58.62%,respectively.PES1 expression was correlated with the TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,and the depth of infiltration(P<0.05),and PD-L1 expression was correlated with the differentiation degree,lymph node metastasis,and infiltration depth(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PES1 and PD-L1 were positively expressed in GC and HNSCC tissues and correlated with clinical features.They may serve as potential biomarkers for immune-targeted therapies.
文摘The B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog(Bmi-1)protein of the polycomb complex is an essential mediator of the epigenetic transcriptional silencing by the chromatin structure.It has been reported to be crucial for homeostasis of the stem cells and tumorigenesis.Though years of investigation have clarified Bmi-1’s transcriptional regulation,post-translational modifications,and functions in controlling cellular bioenergetics,pathologies,and DNA damage response,the full potential of this protein with so many diverse roles are still unfulfilled.Bmi-1 is overexpressed in many human malignancies.Unraveling the Bmi-1’s precise functional role in head and neck cancers can be attractive for mechanisms-based developmental therapeutics.This review attempts to synthesize the current knowledge on Bmi-1 with an emphasis on the role that Bmi-1 plays in oral cancer progression and evaluates how this can be used in advancing clinical treatment strategies for head and neck cancer.Bmi-1 is a promising target for therapy because it has been linked to a stemness and oncogenesis signature.However,to use Bmi-1 as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target in the long run,new methods are imperative for further characterization of the physiological roles of Bmi-1.Current biological insights of Bmi-1 as a master regulator of stem cell self-renewal have emerged as a prominent player in cancer stem cell(CSC)biology.Bmi-1+cells mediate chemoresistance and metastasis.On the other hand,inhibiting Bmi-1 rescinds CSC function and re-sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy.Therefore,elucidating therapeutic approaches targeting Bmi-1 can be leveraged to further research analysis to advance clinical treatment strategies for head and neck cancer.
