Objectives 1） To explore the relationship between RTIs and mental status of Naxi women; 2） to compare the differences of depression ＆ anxiety between Naxi women who have and not have RTIs; and 3） to put forward so...Objectives 1） To explore the relationship between RTIs and mental status of Naxi women; 2） to compare the differences of depression ＆ anxiety between Naxi women who have and not have RTIs; and 3） to put forward some suggestions for improving Naxi women＇s reproductive health in psychological point of view. Methods A cross-sectional survey was adopted, 280 married Naxi female volunteers who aged above 20 years old were selected by cluster random sampling from the two selected villages of Lugufu Township of Yanyuan county in Sichuan. Two self-reporting scales, CES-D and SAS were used for assessment of depression and anxiety of the subjects. Results The facts of mental status of Sichuan Naxi women brook no optimism. Among 280 Naxi reproductive age women who were investigated in current study, only 74 （26.4%） have no depression symptoms, and 116 （41.4%） have no anxiety symptoms. For the study population, the average total scores （TS） of CES-D was 20.1, and the average total index scores （TIS） of SAS was 50.2, and both of them were above a minimum value doubted to have symptoms. There were big differences of both average TS of CES-D and TIS of SAS between Naxi women who have and not have RTIs. Further analysis revealed that RTI was a main risk factor influencing women＇s mental status （OR = 16. 043 for depression, and OR = 12.954 for anxiety）. In addition, Naxi women＇s depression and anxiety were related to order births （≤2, OR=3.149, 95% CI： 1.228, 8.076）, sex debut was younger （≤17, OR=3.043, 95% CI： 1.895, 4.884）, and multiple pregnancy （≥ 3, OR=2.728, 95% CI： 1.990, 4.173）, etc. Conclusion For improving Naxi women＇s mental status, a pressing matter of the moment is for local medical persons to gain the knowledge about mental health and the diagnosis and treatment levels of psychological disorders. At the same time, pssychological counselling should become a main activity of reproductive health services.展开更多
The Naxi of Northwest Yunnan,China use medicinal plants to treat skin conditions related to traditional lifestyles in extreme environments.However,modernization endangers both the medicinal plants used to treat skin c...The Naxi of Northwest Yunnan,China use medicinal plants to treat skin conditions related to traditional lifestyles in extreme environments.However,modernization endangers both the medicinal plants used to treat skin conditions and traditional knowledge.Therefore,investigation and documentation of the medicinal plants used and associated traditional knowledge is necessary.In this study,we conducted an ethnobotanical survey in 12 Naxi communities in Northwest Yunnan.For this purpose,we used semistructured surveys to interview 840 informants from Naxi communities.We used informant consensus factor and use frequency as quantitative indices to evaluate the importance of medicinal plant species.A total of 161 medicinal plant species belonging to 69 families were documented.The highest informant consensus factor(ICF)values were recorded for skin nourishing(ICF?0.849),frostbite and chapped skin(ICF?0.833).These skin treatments are highly related to the environment and lifestyle of Naxi communities.The main active compounds of plants used to treat skin conditions in Naxi communities are known to have skin-treating properties.This study reveals that the skin conditions treated by the Naxi are associated with traditional medicine culture and social economic development.In addition,this study uses ethnobotanical indices to explain how skin condition treatments are linked to the natural environment of Naxi communities.展开更多
Naxi Dongba hieroglyphs of China are the only living hieroglyphs world widely which still in use.There are thousands of manuscripts written in Dongba hieroglyphs scattering in different counties for history reason.For...Naxi Dongba hieroglyphs of China are the only living hieroglyphs world widely which still in use.There are thousands of manuscripts written in Dongba hieroglyphs scattering in different counties for history reason.For culture protection and inheritance,those manuscripts are in urgent need to be recognized and organized quickly.This paper focuses on the recognition of Naxi Dongba hieroglyphs by using coarse grid method to extract features and using support vector machine to classify.The designed Experiment shows that the method performs better than the commonly used clustering method in recognition accuracy in recognition of Naxi Dongba hieroglyphs.This method also provides some experience for recognition of other hieroglyphs.展开更多
We propose a method that can achieve the Naxi-English bilingual word automatic alignment based on a log-linear model.This method defines the different Naxi-English structural feature functions,which are English-Naxi i...We propose a method that can achieve the Naxi-English bilingual word automatic alignment based on a log-linear model.This method defines the different Naxi-English structural feature functions,which are English-Naxi interval switching function and Naxi-English bilingual word position transformation function.With the manually labeled Naxi-English words alignment corpus,the parameters of the model are trained by using the minimum error,thus Naxi-English bilingual word alignment is achieved automatically.Experiments are conducted with IBM Model 3 as a benchmark,and the Naxi language constraints are introduced.The final experiment results show that the proposed alignment method achieves very good results:the introduction of the language characteristic function can effectively improve the accuracy of the Naxi-English Bilingual Word Alignment.展开更多
Dioscorea bulbifera is a medicinal and edible plant of the Naxi nationality living in Lijiang area,and its tuber as a vegetable has the functions of clearing away heat and detoxification,and its bulbil has the functio...Dioscorea bulbifera is a medicinal and edible plant of the Naxi nationality living in Lijiang area,and its tuber as a vegetable has the functions of clearing away heat and detoxification,and its bulbil has the functions of clearing away heat and resolving phlegm,relieving cough and relieving asthma,dispersing the accumulation of evils and detoxification,etc.Related studies have shown that it mainly contains steroids,diterpene lactones,flavonoids,polyphenols,alkaloids and so on,and it can also fight cancer,inhibit bacteria,relieve pain,resist inflammation and so on.There is also related literature about hepatotoxicity after taking it.The key technique of traditional vegetable cultivation in Lijiang area is systematically summarized in this paper for reference in the future cultivation process.展开更多
The Naxi people has a long history and excellent traditional culture.In this study,the author studied the historical background and the traditional culture of Naxi costume.The results of the study are as follows:The p...The Naxi people has a long history and excellent traditional culture.In this study,the author studied the historical background and the traditional culture of Naxi costume.The results of the study are as follows:The progress of productivity is the decisive factor.Totem culture is an important basis for the color selection.The heavy costumes are the result of adapting to the geographical environment.展开更多
Love-suicide （xunqing 殉情） is often hailed as a representative component of the Naxi culture. This article examines how representations of love-suicide have transformed from an obscure social taboo to an invaluable...Love-suicide （xunqing 殉情） is often hailed as a representative component of the Naxi culture. This article examines how representations of love-suicide have transformed from an obscure social taboo to an invaluable Naxi tradition in the last two decades. While Han and Naxi cultural elites aestheticize love-suicide as a cultural symbol of moral sublimity, tourists further transform the discourse into a simultaneously spiritual and erotic experience in which they seek and create their own existential authenticity. The apparent revival is not simply a result of Naxi political resistance to the external regime or a natural return to their ＂authentic＂ culture. It rather marks another tide of radical transformation in a multi-agent and highly commercialized global world within which both minority cultures and tourists＇ identities are transformed.展开更多
New writing systems for several of China’s minority languages were developed and implemented during a unique period in Chinese history.Throughout the different stages of modern Chinese history,these writing systems h...New writing systems for several of China’s minority languages were developed and implemented during a unique period in Chinese history.Throughout the different stages of modern Chinese history,these writing systems have had various societal functions and uses,including the improvement of education and literacy for China’s ethnic minorities.In the new era,the societal functions of these newly created systems have been weakened by the large-scale influence from both outside and within minority environment.Nevertheless,the newly created writing systems have undeniable value and significance,and they continue to serve positive functions that cannot be fulfilled by other writing systems.展开更多
WHEN she graduated from the Beijing Broadcasting Institute, Zhang Xu was a fan of television dramas. Less than two years after her graduation, she had adapted and directed "Lost in the Trees," a TV serial ab...WHEN she graduated from the Beijing Broadcasting Institute, Zhang Xu was a fan of television dramas. Less than two years after her graduation, she had adapted and directed "Lost in the Trees," a TV serial about youth filmed on Hainan Island. Her impulsiveness and determination sustained her through the struggle of filming in the tropical forests, as well as the laborious editing process. Little did she know that her next project would turn into an adventure more thrilling than any TV drama.展开更多
The Naxi nationality people, with a population of 278,009, are mainly distributed throughout the Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County in Yunnan Province. A small number also live in Sichuan and Tibet. Naxi means "black...The Naxi nationality people, with a population of 278,009, are mainly distributed throughout the Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County in Yunnan Province. A small number also live in Sichuan and Tibet. Naxi means "black people" in their native language. In the 7th century, the Naxi people created a pictograph language called Dongba and a syllabic language called Geba. The Dongba language, with more than 1,400 characters, is valued as the only well-preserved "living pictographs." The Naxi people have also kept a collectively created epic of the Creation of the World, and the earliest record of national dance, a book of Naxi Dongba dance choreography. Today the Naxi people, with their long cultural tradition, work assiduously, and their lifestyles and modes of production have developed and improved greatly.展开更多
Zhang Xu, who has travelled to the remote city of Lijiang in Yunnan Province a dozen times or more, has been adopted by the Naxi people. Her passionate interest in Naxi culture drives her efforts to introduce it to th...Zhang Xu, who has travelled to the remote city of Lijiang in Yunnan Province a dozen times or more, has been adopted by the Naxi people. Her passionate interest in Naxi culture drives her efforts to introduce it to the world. The house of Zhang Xu’s Naxi parents in Mingyintuli Village is surrounded by Jade Dragon Mountain.展开更多
文摘Objectives 1） To explore the relationship between RTIs and mental status of Naxi women; 2） to compare the differences of depression ＆ anxiety between Naxi women who have and not have RTIs; and 3） to put forward some suggestions for improving Naxi women＇s reproductive health in psychological point of view. Methods A cross-sectional survey was adopted, 280 married Naxi female volunteers who aged above 20 years old were selected by cluster random sampling from the two selected villages of Lugufu Township of Yanyuan county in Sichuan. Two self-reporting scales, CES-D and SAS were used for assessment of depression and anxiety of the subjects. Results The facts of mental status of Sichuan Naxi women brook no optimism. Among 280 Naxi reproductive age women who were investigated in current study, only 74 （26.4%） have no depression symptoms, and 116 （41.4%） have no anxiety symptoms. For the study population, the average total scores （TS） of CES-D was 20.1, and the average total index scores （TIS） of SAS was 50.2, and both of them were above a minimum value doubted to have symptoms. There were big differences of both average TS of CES-D and TIS of SAS between Naxi women who have and not have RTIs. Further analysis revealed that RTI was a main risk factor influencing women＇s mental status （OR = 16. 043 for depression, and OR = 12.954 for anxiety）. In addition, Naxi women＇s depression and anxiety were related to order births （≤2, OR=3.149, 95% CI： 1.228, 8.076）, sex debut was younger （≤17, OR=3.043, 95% CI： 1.895, 4.884）, and multiple pregnancy （≥ 3, OR=2.728, 95% CI： 1.990, 4.173）, etc. Conclusion For improving Naxi women＇s mental status, a pressing matter of the moment is for local medical persons to gain the knowledge about mental health and the diagnosis and treatment levels of psychological disorders. At the same time, pssychological counselling should become a main activity of reproductive health services.
基金This study was funded by Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31670340 and No.31970357)Bio-Innovation Center of DR PLANT,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘The Naxi of Northwest Yunnan,China use medicinal plants to treat skin conditions related to traditional lifestyles in extreme environments.However,modernization endangers both the medicinal plants used to treat skin conditions and traditional knowledge.Therefore,investigation and documentation of the medicinal plants used and associated traditional knowledge is necessary.In this study,we conducted an ethnobotanical survey in 12 Naxi communities in Northwest Yunnan.For this purpose,we used semistructured surveys to interview 840 informants from Naxi communities.We used informant consensus factor and use frequency as quantitative indices to evaluate the importance of medicinal plant species.A total of 161 medicinal plant species belonging to 69 families were documented.The highest informant consensus factor(ICF)values were recorded for skin nourishing(ICF?0.849),frostbite and chapped skin(ICF?0.833).These skin treatments are highly related to the environment and lifestyle of Naxi communities.The main active compounds of plants used to treat skin conditions in Naxi communities are known to have skin-treating properties.This study reveals that the skin conditions treated by the Naxi are associated with traditional medicine culture and social economic development.In addition,this study uses ethnobotanical indices to explain how skin condition treatments are linked to the natural environment of Naxi communities.
基金supported by Major Programs of National Social Science Funds of China(12&ZD234)supported by Education Committee of Beijing(71E1610959)
文摘Naxi Dongba hieroglyphs of China are the only living hieroglyphs world widely which still in use.There are thousands of manuscripts written in Dongba hieroglyphs scattering in different counties for history reason.For culture protection and inheritance,those manuscripts are in urgent need to be recognized and organized quickly.This paper focuses on the recognition of Naxi Dongba hieroglyphs by using coarse grid method to extract features and using support vector machine to classify.The designed Experiment shows that the method performs better than the commonly used clustering method in recognition accuracy in recognition of Naxi Dongba hieroglyphs.This method also provides some experience for recognition of other hieroglyphs.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China under Grants No.60863011,No.61175068,No.61100205,No.60873001the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2009RC0212+1 种基金the National Innovation Fund for Technology-based Firms under Grant No.11C26215305905the Open Fund of Software Engineering Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province under Grant No.2011SE14
文摘We propose a method that can achieve the Naxi-English bilingual word automatic alignment based on a log-linear model.This method defines the different Naxi-English structural feature functions,which are English-Naxi interval switching function and Naxi-English bilingual word position transformation function.With the manually labeled Naxi-English words alignment corpus,the parameters of the model are trained by using the minimum error,thus Naxi-English bilingual word alignment is achieved automatically.Experiments are conducted with IBM Model 3 as a benchmark,and the Naxi language constraints are introduced.The final experiment results show that the proposed alignment method achieves very good results:the introduction of the language characteristic function can effectively improve the accuracy of the Naxi-English Bilingual Word Alignment.
基金Training Program for the Fourth Batch of Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leaders in Lijiang CitySpecial Project of"100 Lijiang Agricultural Talents"in Lijiang CityReserve Talent Project for Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leaders in Yunnan Province.
文摘Dioscorea bulbifera is a medicinal and edible plant of the Naxi nationality living in Lijiang area,and its tuber as a vegetable has the functions of clearing away heat and detoxification,and its bulbil has the functions of clearing away heat and resolving phlegm,relieving cough and relieving asthma,dispersing the accumulation of evils and detoxification,etc.Related studies have shown that it mainly contains steroids,diterpene lactones,flavonoids,polyphenols,alkaloids and so on,and it can also fight cancer,inhibit bacteria,relieve pain,resist inflammation and so on.There is also related literature about hepatotoxicity after taking it.The key technique of traditional vegetable cultivation in Lijiang area is systematically summarized in this paper for reference in the future cultivation process.
文摘The Naxi people has a long history and excellent traditional culture.In this study,the author studied the historical background and the traditional culture of Naxi costume.The results of the study are as follows:The progress of productivity is the decisive factor.Totem culture is an important basis for the color selection.The heavy costumes are the result of adapting to the geographical environment.
文摘Love-suicide （xunqing 殉情） is often hailed as a representative component of the Naxi culture. This article examines how representations of love-suicide have transformed from an obscure social taboo to an invaluable Naxi tradition in the last two decades. While Han and Naxi cultural elites aestheticize love-suicide as a cultural symbol of moral sublimity, tourists further transform the discourse into a simultaneously spiritual and erotic experience in which they seek and create their own existential authenticity. The apparent revival is not simply a result of Naxi political resistance to the external regime or a natural return to their ＂authentic＂ culture. It rather marks another tide of radical transformation in a multi-agent and highly commercialized global world within which both minority cultures and tourists＇ identities are transformed.
文摘New writing systems for several of China’s minority languages were developed and implemented during a unique period in Chinese history.Throughout the different stages of modern Chinese history,these writing systems have had various societal functions and uses,including the improvement of education and literacy for China’s ethnic minorities.In the new era,the societal functions of these newly created systems have been weakened by the large-scale influence from both outside and within minority environment.Nevertheless,the newly created writing systems have undeniable value and significance,and they continue to serve positive functions that cannot be fulfilled by other writing systems.
文摘WHEN she graduated from the Beijing Broadcasting Institute, Zhang Xu was a fan of television dramas. Less than two years after her graduation, she had adapted and directed "Lost in the Trees," a TV serial about youth filmed on Hainan Island. Her impulsiveness and determination sustained her through the struggle of filming in the tropical forests, as well as the laborious editing process. Little did she know that her next project would turn into an adventure more thrilling than any TV drama.
文摘The Naxi nationality people, with a population of 278,009, are mainly distributed throughout the Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County in Yunnan Province. A small number also live in Sichuan and Tibet. Naxi means "black people" in their native language. In the 7th century, the Naxi people created a pictograph language called Dongba and a syllabic language called Geba. The Dongba language, with more than 1,400 characters, is valued as the only well-preserved "living pictographs." The Naxi people have also kept a collectively created epic of the Creation of the World, and the earliest record of national dance, a book of Naxi Dongba dance choreography. Today the Naxi people, with their long cultural tradition, work assiduously, and their lifestyles and modes of production have developed and improved greatly.
文摘Zhang Xu, who has travelled to the remote city of Lijiang in Yunnan Province a dozen times or more, has been adopted by the Naxi people. Her passionate interest in Naxi culture drives her efforts to introduce it to the world. The house of Zhang Xu’s Naxi parents in Mingyintuli Village is surrounded by Jade Dragon Mountain.
