The United States has adopted a retrenchment strategy on national security issues since the Obama administration,attempting to reduce its power projection in Europe and the Middle East and shift its strategic priority...The United States has adopted a retrenchment strategy on national security issues since the Obama administration,attempting to reduce its power projection in Europe and the Middle East and shift its strategic priority to Asia-Pacific.However,this subjective strategic design has brought an imbalance to the United States'global strategy,leading to the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis and the Gaza conflict.The United States had to withdraw some strategic and diplomatic resources to Europe and the Middle East.As a result,US national security strategy has objectively achieved a global rebalance,which not only reflects the balance mechanism of power flow and strategic resource allocation among major countries but also demonstrates the strategic consequences of America's relative gains thought.Due to the limited strategic and diplomatic resources,the United States will find it difficult to balance the three regions of Europe,the Middle East,and the“Indo-Pacific.”Currently,the Ukraine crisis and the Gaza conflict are facing the risk of escalation,and the US national security strategy is at a crossroads,with the historical peak of its pivot to Asia-Pacific possibly already over.展开更多
In July 2021,Russia unveiled its new National Security Strategy,which is a considerably updated version compared with the previous one and hence presents several new features.For instance,it further stresses that secu...In July 2021,Russia unveiled its new National Security Strategy,which is a considerably updated version compared with the previous one and hence presents several new features.For instance,it further stresses that security should be prioritized over other aspects;it gives more attention to the chaotic aspects of order change in its assessment of the international situation;it highlights the threats from the West;and it places increased emphasis on domestic capacity building as a means for safeguarding national security.From the content of the new Strategy as well as Russia’s policies in recent years,the strategy of Russia for the foreseeable future can be generally characterized as inward-looking.Domestically,its policies will become more conservative;diplomatically,it will take up a defensive position;and economically,it will increasingly emphasize security and selfreliance.In other words,several issues that were previously overlooked will be given attention.However,strategic introversion does not mean that Russia will invest all its energy in defense.Instead,Russia will build up strength for changes that lie ahead.With the expected strategic introversion,Russia will fnd difculty in making breakthroughs in terms of its relations with the West;the China-Russia relations will continue on the path of steady development;and Russia will place greater importance to the balance of power among major countries.展开更多
India has upheld extremely rich practices of national security since its founding as a republic because of its unique geo-environmental features,historical legacies,and traditional cultures,which reflect a type of nat...India has upheld extremely rich practices of national security since its founding as a republic because of its unique geo-environmental features,historical legacies,and traditional cultures,which reflect a type of national security strategy that has distinct Indian characteristics.Generally,successive governments in India have followed the basic principles articulated in Kautilya’s Arthasastra and various security practices adopted during the British Raj.India’s national security strategies are based on an internal logic of geopolitical rivalry and changes in international scenarios,and they are strongly influenced by Hindu traditions and the“Sad-Dharma”purported by King Ashoka.The objective is to create an India-dominated security order in the South Asian subcontinent,which persistently builds its capacity and system as a“net security provider”in the Indian Ocean Rim.Moreover,India is vigorously expanding its network of influence in the Pacific region in an effort to become a world leading power that enjoys a high level of strategic autonomy.展开更多
The 2025 U.S.National Security Strategy,published on December 4,reaffirms America’s decades-spanning policy of pursuing global domination,emphasizing"burden sharing"in recognition of both the multipolar wo...The 2025 U.S.National Security Strategy,published on December 4,reaffirms America’s decades-spanning policy of pursuing global domination,emphasizing"burden sharing"in recognition of both the multipolar world’s growing capabilities and the growing limitations of the U.S.itself.Despite the obvious intentions,the paper expresses,many have mistakenly interpreted it as signaling U.S.展开更多
With rapid progress in the global green transition over recent years,the sustained and stable supply of critical minerals essential for the green transition has garnered increased attention.As the largest country by l...With rapid progress in the global green transition over recent years,the sustained and stable supply of critical minerals essential for the green transition has garnered increased attention.As the largest country by landmass,Russia has a wealth of natural resources,particularly fossil fuels and critical minerals.In the current context of major-country rivalries,geopolitical conf licts,Western sanctions,and the green transition,Russia hopes to reduce excessive dependency on the oil and gas industry and diversify its sources of revenue.More importantly,it intends to use critical minerals as a new strategic tool for a long-term confrontation with the West and effectively ensure its national security and development interests.Towards this end,Russia has formulated strategic plans,encouraged import substitution,increased policy support,promoted geological study and exploration,and accelerated Arctic development.However,Russia faces many constraints in critical mineral development.Whether Russia can consolidate its status as a resource power in the future depends not only on the intensity,depth,and breadth of Western sanctions but also on its ability to break through the Western blockade,sustain the import of necessary equipment and technologies,develop alternative technologies,and gradually transform itself to adapt to the new circumstances.展开更多
General Secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee Xi Jinping has creatively put forward a holistic approach to national security and the path of national security with Chinese characteristics,whi...General Secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee Xi Jinping has creatively put forward a holistic approach to national security and the path of national security with Chinese characteristics,which are synergistic and inseparable.Compared with other major global powers,China is embarking on a path of national security that incorporates distinctive Chinese characteristics.Unlike the United States,which seeks international expansion and hegemony while pursuing national security,China is dedicated to maintaining global security and building a community with a shared future for humanity.Unlike Russia,which prioritizes national security over everything else,China places greater emphasis on balancing development and security.Unlike Europe and Japan,which entrust their national security to other countries,China has always adhered to the principle of independence and self-reliance.An essential feature of the path of national security with Chinese characteristics is that it upholds the unity of the people’s security,political security,and the supremacy of national interests.Moreover,China will remain committed to peaceful development while defending its interests.China will continue to balance development and security imperatives,maintaining an independent foreign policy while building a community with a shared future for humanity.To make solid strides on the path of national security with Chinese characteristics,the fundamental task will be pursuing a holistic approach to national security and implementing the Ten Upholds.展开更多
The American critic argues that the 2025 U.S.National Security Strategy,with its isolationist and confrontational approach towards allies and China,is a desperate fiction that undermines genuine American prosperity an...The American critic argues that the 2025 U.S.National Security Strategy,with its isolationist and confrontational approach towards allies and China,is a desperate fiction that undermines genuine American prosperity and security.展开更多
Over the past century since the Republic of Türkiye was founded,its national security mechanisms have undergone a process of transformation from military-dominated to civilian government-dominated,and the ideolog...Over the past century since the Republic of Türkiye was founded,its national security mechanisms have undergone a process of transformation from military-dominated to civilian government-dominated,and the ideology guiding its national security strategy has gradually transitioned from Kemalism to Erdo?anism.At the present stage,Türkiye's national security strategy is prominently characterized by its geographical and cultural duality,the expansivity deep-rooted in its history and religion,and an enterprising response to its geopolitical realities.Such a strategy will comprehensively shape Türkiye's practice of preserving national security and guide the future of its security policies,prompting the country to seek a balance between its differentiated perceptions of identity and generalized national interests.展开更多
Traditionally,the U.S.president releases the National Security Strategy(NSS)report at the end of the first year of each term.As a core strategic document guiding U.S.domestic and foreign policy,it influences federal b...Traditionally,the U.S.president releases the National Security Strategy(NSS)report at the end of the first year of each term.As a core strategic document guiding U.S.domestic and foreign policy,it influences federal budget allocation and policy priorities,thus drawing considerable global attention.Beyond Latin America and domestic security.展开更多
In recent weeks,many analysts and idits have offered numerous inter-tations of the U-S.'new National Security Strategy,published by the White House on December 4,"reading the tea leaves,"trying to divine...In recent weeks,many analysts and idits have offered numerous inter-tations of the U-S.'new National Security Strategy,published by the White House on December 4,"reading the tea leaves,"trying to divine what’s altogether new and what simply remains.Is the U.S.retreating or advancing?Is it respecting China or advancing the first and second island chain strategies?展开更多
文摘The United States has adopted a retrenchment strategy on national security issues since the Obama administration,attempting to reduce its power projection in Europe and the Middle East and shift its strategic priority to Asia-Pacific.However,this subjective strategic design has brought an imbalance to the United States'global strategy,leading to the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis and the Gaza conflict.The United States had to withdraw some strategic and diplomatic resources to Europe and the Middle East.As a result,US national security strategy has objectively achieved a global rebalance,which not only reflects the balance mechanism of power flow and strategic resource allocation among major countries but also demonstrates the strategic consequences of America's relative gains thought.Due to the limited strategic and diplomatic resources,the United States will find it difficult to balance the three regions of Europe,the Middle East,and the“Indo-Pacific.”Currently,the Ukraine crisis and the Gaza conflict are facing the risk of escalation,and the US national security strategy is at a crossroads,with the historical peak of its pivot to Asia-Pacific possibly already over.
文摘In July 2021,Russia unveiled its new National Security Strategy,which is a considerably updated version compared with the previous one and hence presents several new features.For instance,it further stresses that security should be prioritized over other aspects;it gives more attention to the chaotic aspects of order change in its assessment of the international situation;it highlights the threats from the West;and it places increased emphasis on domestic capacity building as a means for safeguarding national security.From the content of the new Strategy as well as Russia’s policies in recent years,the strategy of Russia for the foreseeable future can be generally characterized as inward-looking.Domestically,its policies will become more conservative;diplomatically,it will take up a defensive position;and economically,it will increasingly emphasize security and selfreliance.In other words,several issues that were previously overlooked will be given attention.However,strategic introversion does not mean that Russia will invest all its energy in defense.Instead,Russia will build up strength for changes that lie ahead.With the expected strategic introversion,Russia will fnd difculty in making breakthroughs in terms of its relations with the West;the China-Russia relations will continue on the path of steady development;and Russia will place greater importance to the balance of power among major countries.
文摘India has upheld extremely rich practices of national security since its founding as a republic because of its unique geo-environmental features,historical legacies,and traditional cultures,which reflect a type of national security strategy that has distinct Indian characteristics.Generally,successive governments in India have followed the basic principles articulated in Kautilya’s Arthasastra and various security practices adopted during the British Raj.India’s national security strategies are based on an internal logic of geopolitical rivalry and changes in international scenarios,and they are strongly influenced by Hindu traditions and the“Sad-Dharma”purported by King Ashoka.The objective is to create an India-dominated security order in the South Asian subcontinent,which persistently builds its capacity and system as a“net security provider”in the Indian Ocean Rim.Moreover,India is vigorously expanding its network of influence in the Pacific region in an effort to become a world leading power that enjoys a high level of strategic autonomy.
文摘The 2025 U.S.National Security Strategy,published on December 4,reaffirms America’s decades-spanning policy of pursuing global domination,emphasizing"burden sharing"in recognition of both the multipolar world’s growing capabilities and the growing limitations of the U.S.itself.Despite the obvious intentions,the paper expresses,many have mistakenly interpreted it as signaling U.S.
文摘With rapid progress in the global green transition over recent years,the sustained and stable supply of critical minerals essential for the green transition has garnered increased attention.As the largest country by landmass,Russia has a wealth of natural resources,particularly fossil fuels and critical minerals.In the current context of major-country rivalries,geopolitical conf licts,Western sanctions,and the green transition,Russia hopes to reduce excessive dependency on the oil and gas industry and diversify its sources of revenue.More importantly,it intends to use critical minerals as a new strategic tool for a long-term confrontation with the West and effectively ensure its national security and development interests.Towards this end,Russia has formulated strategic plans,encouraged import substitution,increased policy support,promoted geological study and exploration,and accelerated Arctic development.However,Russia faces many constraints in critical mineral development.Whether Russia can consolidate its status as a resource power in the future depends not only on the intensity,depth,and breadth of Western sanctions but also on its ability to break through the Western blockade,sustain the import of necessary equipment and technologies,develop alternative technologies,and gradually transform itself to adapt to the new circumstances.
文摘General Secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee Xi Jinping has creatively put forward a holistic approach to national security and the path of national security with Chinese characteristics,which are synergistic and inseparable.Compared with other major global powers,China is embarking on a path of national security that incorporates distinctive Chinese characteristics.Unlike the United States,which seeks international expansion and hegemony while pursuing national security,China is dedicated to maintaining global security and building a community with a shared future for humanity.Unlike Russia,which prioritizes national security over everything else,China places greater emphasis on balancing development and security.Unlike Europe and Japan,which entrust their national security to other countries,China has always adhered to the principle of independence and self-reliance.An essential feature of the path of national security with Chinese characteristics is that it upholds the unity of the people’s security,political security,and the supremacy of national interests.Moreover,China will remain committed to peaceful development while defending its interests.China will continue to balance development and security imperatives,maintaining an independent foreign policy while building a community with a shared future for humanity.To make solid strides on the path of national security with Chinese characteristics,the fundamental task will be pursuing a holistic approach to national security and implementing the Ten Upholds.
文摘The American critic argues that the 2025 U.S.National Security Strategy,with its isolationist and confrontational approach towards allies and China,is a desperate fiction that undermines genuine American prosperity and security.
文摘Over the past century since the Republic of Türkiye was founded,its national security mechanisms have undergone a process of transformation from military-dominated to civilian government-dominated,and the ideology guiding its national security strategy has gradually transitioned from Kemalism to Erdo?anism.At the present stage,Türkiye's national security strategy is prominently characterized by its geographical and cultural duality,the expansivity deep-rooted in its history and religion,and an enterprising response to its geopolitical realities.Such a strategy will comprehensively shape Türkiye's practice of preserving national security and guide the future of its security policies,prompting the country to seek a balance between its differentiated perceptions of identity and generalized national interests.
文摘Traditionally,the U.S.president releases the National Security Strategy(NSS)report at the end of the first year of each term.As a core strategic document guiding U.S.domestic and foreign policy,it influences federal budget allocation and policy priorities,thus drawing considerable global attention.Beyond Latin America and domestic security.
文摘In recent weeks,many analysts and idits have offered numerous inter-tations of the U-S.'new National Security Strategy,published by the White House on December 4,"reading the tea leaves,"trying to divine what’s altogether new and what simply remains.Is the U.S.retreating or advancing?Is it respecting China or advancing the first and second island chain strategies?
