At present, chlorine dioxide has been widely used as a bactericide that may become an alternative to chlorine. In this study, fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail was soaked with 45, 70 and 95 mg/L chlorine dioxide solution,...At present, chlorine dioxide has been widely used as a bactericide that may become an alternative to chlorine. In this study, fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail was soaked with 45, 70 and 95 mg/L chlorine dioxide solution, respectively. Fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail samples were collected regularly to determine changes in surface microbe amount, cellulose content, Vc content, reduction sugar content and sensory quality of narrow-leaf cattail, thus analyzing the effects of chlorine diox- ide on sterilization and preservation of fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail. The results showed that all three concentrations of chlorine dioxide solution could significantly reduce the amount of microbes on the surface of fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail and improve the edible safety of products. The initial sterilization efficiency was im- proved gradually as the concentration of chlorine dioxide increased. In addition, chlorine dioxide treatment postponed the increase of cellulose content of fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail. However, chlorine dioxide oxidized Vc and reducing sugar, and its bleaching effect also exerted a certain impact on the sensory quality of fresh- cut narrow-leaf cattail. Based on comprehensive comparisons, 45 - 70 mg/L chlorine dioxide solution exerted the best effects on sterilization and preservation of fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail. This study laid the foundation for the production and application of chlorine dioxide solution and promotion of rapid development of nar- row-leaf cattail industry.展开更多
Activated carbon was prepared from cattail by H3PO4 activation. The effects influencing the surface area of the resulting activated carbon followed the sequence of activated temperature 〉 activated time 〉 impregnati...Activated carbon was prepared from cattail by H3PO4 activation. The effects influencing the surface area of the resulting activated carbon followed the sequence of activated temperature 〉 activated time 〉 impregnation ratio 〉 impregnation time. The optimum condition was found at an impregnation ratio of 2.5, an impregnation time of 9 hr, an activated temperature of 500℃, and an activated time of 80 min. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and average pore size of the activated carbon were 1279 m^2/g and 5.585 nm, respectively. A heterogeneous structure in terms of both size and shape was highly developed and widely distributed on the carbon surface. Some groups containing oxygen and phosphorus were formed, and the carboxyl group was the major oxygen-containing functional group. An isotherm equilibrium study was carried out to investigate the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. The data fit the Langmuir isotherm equation, with maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of 192.30 mg/g for Neutral Red and 196.08 mg/g for Malachite Green. Dye-exhausted carbon could be regenerated effectively by thermal treatment. The results indicated that cattail-derived activated carbon was a promising adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions.展开更多
Fresh-cut cattail was extremely not resistant to store at room temperature.In the first day,it began to etiolate and rot,the fiber content increased,but the vitamin C content and reducing sugar content decreased.The a...Fresh-cut cattail was extremely not resistant to store at room temperature.In the first day,it began to etiolate and rot,the fiber content increased,but the vitamin C content and reducing sugar content decreased.The aerobic bacterial count increased,the weight loss rate sharply increased,and the sensory quality and food value were gradually lost.Low temperature storage could decrease the loss of vitamin C and reducing sugar of fresh-cut cattail,reduce the weight loss rate and delay the increase of fiber content,maintain the water and nutrient of fresh-cut cattail,and the storage effect of 0 ℃ was better than 4 ℃.展开更多
Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus continues to serve as an iconographic enigma and remains an enduring subject of scholarly analysis concerning the significance of mythological art and its symbolism during the Italian ...Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus continues to serve as an iconographic enigma and remains an enduring subject of scholarly analysis concerning the significance of mythological art and its symbolism during the Italian Renaissance.Therefore,it is particularly noteworthy to examine further the symbolic elements embedded within the imagery.This essay focuses on a specific component in the landscape of The Birth of Venus-the marsh plant on the riverbank,commonly known as cattail in English,tifa or stiancia in Italian,and Typha latifolia in Latin.Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus,executed between 1485 and 1490,is a tempera on canvas with gesso and gold applications.It was commissioned with specific aesthetic,cultural,and intellectual objectives and was intended to be displayed in a private chamber for personal viewing by members of the Medici family.Situated initially within the Medicean Villa at Castello,it has been exhibited at the Galleria degli Uffizi in Florence since 1815.This mythological painting exemplifies the Italian Renaissance principles of both physical and metaphysical humanism,visualized in a fusion of pagan and Christian iconography and iconology,incorporating symbolism that engages with antiquity and classical mythology.It also incorporates Italian Renaissance Neoplatonic philosophy,reflects Renaissance love poetry,demonstrates inventive patronage,and embodies spirituality directed towards a higher purpose.展开更多
目前市场上花粉类药材品种较多，由于在外观形态均呈粉末状，很难区分，加之市场价格较高等因素，故混用和掺伪的情况时有发生，因此花粉类药材的准确鉴定对公众的用药安全显得尤为重要。该研究采用DNA条形码技术，对蒲黄、松花粉及其...目前市场上花粉类药材品种较多，由于在外观形态均呈粉末状，很难区分，加之市场价格较高等因素，故混用和掺伪的情况时有发生，因此花粉类药材的准确鉴定对公众的用药安全显得尤为重要。该研究采用DNA条形码技术，对蒲黄、松花粉及其混伪品的基原植物及药材共60份样本进行研究。通过primer premier 6.0设计出蒲黄ITS2特异性引物PhF-R，其扩增效率高达100%，实验结果表明蒲黄药材的ITS2序列长度为234-249 bp，种内K2P平均距离与同属种间K2P平均距离十分接近，但远小于其与混伪品的种间K2P平均距离；松花粉药材的ITS2序列长度均为247 bp，ITS2序列种内平均K2P遗传距离远小于其与混伪品种间平均K2P距离。利用ITS2序列构建的邻接（NJ）树表明蒲黄、松花粉及其混伪品可明显区分，并呈现出良好的单系性。因此，DNA条形码可对该实验材料准确鉴定，有助于花粉类药材的监管及市场流通。展开更多
基金Supported by Practice and Innovation Training Project for College Students in Jiangsu Province(2012JSSPITP3590)
文摘At present, chlorine dioxide has been widely used as a bactericide that may become an alternative to chlorine. In this study, fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail was soaked with 45, 70 and 95 mg/L chlorine dioxide solution, respectively. Fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail samples were collected regularly to determine changes in surface microbe amount, cellulose content, Vc content, reduction sugar content and sensory quality of narrow-leaf cattail, thus analyzing the effects of chlorine diox- ide on sterilization and preservation of fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail. The results showed that all three concentrations of chlorine dioxide solution could significantly reduce the amount of microbes on the surface of fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail and improve the edible safety of products. The initial sterilization efficiency was im- proved gradually as the concentration of chlorine dioxide increased. In addition, chlorine dioxide treatment postponed the increase of cellulose content of fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail. However, chlorine dioxide oxidized Vc and reducing sugar, and its bleaching effect also exerted a certain impact on the sensory quality of fresh- cut narrow-leaf cattail. Based on comprehensive comparisons, 45 - 70 mg/L chlorine dioxide solution exerted the best effects on sterilization and preservation of fresh-cut narrow-leaf cattail. This study laid the foundation for the production and application of chlorine dioxide solution and promotion of rapid development of nar- row-leaf cattail industry.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program for the 11th Five-year Plan of China (No.2006BAC10B03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Japan Science and Technology Agency (NSFC-JST) Strategic Joint Research Project (No.50721140017)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50508019)
文摘Activated carbon was prepared from cattail by H3PO4 activation. The effects influencing the surface area of the resulting activated carbon followed the sequence of activated temperature 〉 activated time 〉 impregnation ratio 〉 impregnation time. The optimum condition was found at an impregnation ratio of 2.5, an impregnation time of 9 hr, an activated temperature of 500℃, and an activated time of 80 min. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and average pore size of the activated carbon were 1279 m^2/g and 5.585 nm, respectively. A heterogeneous structure in terms of both size and shape was highly developed and widely distributed on the carbon surface. Some groups containing oxygen and phosphorus were formed, and the carboxyl group was the major oxygen-containing functional group. An isotherm equilibrium study was carried out to investigate the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. The data fit the Langmuir isotherm equation, with maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of 192.30 mg/g for Neutral Red and 196.08 mg/g for Malachite Green. Dye-exhausted carbon could be regenerated effectively by thermal treatment. The results indicated that cattail-derived activated carbon was a promising adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions.
基金Supported by Students Practice Innovation Projects in Jiangsu Province(2012JSSPITP3590)
文摘Fresh-cut cattail was extremely not resistant to store at room temperature.In the first day,it began to etiolate and rot,the fiber content increased,but the vitamin C content and reducing sugar content decreased.The aerobic bacterial count increased,the weight loss rate sharply increased,and the sensory quality and food value were gradually lost.Low temperature storage could decrease the loss of vitamin C and reducing sugar of fresh-cut cattail,reduce the weight loss rate and delay the increase of fiber content,maintain the water and nutrient of fresh-cut cattail,and the storage effect of 0 ℃ was better than 4 ℃.
文摘Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus continues to serve as an iconographic enigma and remains an enduring subject of scholarly analysis concerning the significance of mythological art and its symbolism during the Italian Renaissance.Therefore,it is particularly noteworthy to examine further the symbolic elements embedded within the imagery.This essay focuses on a specific component in the landscape of The Birth of Venus-the marsh plant on the riverbank,commonly known as cattail in English,tifa or stiancia in Italian,and Typha latifolia in Latin.Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus,executed between 1485 and 1490,is a tempera on canvas with gesso and gold applications.It was commissioned with specific aesthetic,cultural,and intellectual objectives and was intended to be displayed in a private chamber for personal viewing by members of the Medici family.Situated initially within the Medicean Villa at Castello,it has been exhibited at the Galleria degli Uffizi in Florence since 1815.This mythological painting exemplifies the Italian Renaissance principles of both physical and metaphysical humanism,visualized in a fusion of pagan and Christian iconography and iconology,incorporating symbolism that engages with antiquity and classical mythology.It also incorporates Italian Renaissance Neoplatonic philosophy,reflects Renaissance love poetry,demonstrates inventive patronage,and embodies spirituality directed towards a higher purpose.
文摘目前市场上花粉类药材品种较多，由于在外观形态均呈粉末状，很难区分，加之市场价格较高等因素，故混用和掺伪的情况时有发生，因此花粉类药材的准确鉴定对公众的用药安全显得尤为重要。该研究采用DNA条形码技术，对蒲黄、松花粉及其混伪品的基原植物及药材共60份样本进行研究。通过primer premier 6.0设计出蒲黄ITS2特异性引物PhF-R，其扩增效率高达100%，实验结果表明蒲黄药材的ITS2序列长度为234-249 bp，种内K2P平均距离与同属种间K2P平均距离十分接近，但远小于其与混伪品的种间K2P平均距离；松花粉药材的ITS2序列长度均为247 bp，ITS2序列种内平均K2P遗传距离远小于其与混伪品种间平均K2P距离。利用ITS2序列构建的邻接（NJ）树表明蒲黄、松花粉及其混伪品可明显区分，并呈现出良好的单系性。因此，DNA条形码可对该实验材料准确鉴定，有助于花粉类药材的监管及市场流通。
