Cotton,a crucial commercial fibre crop,depends heavily on seed-associated characteristics like germination rate,vigour,and resistance to post-harvest deterioration for both production and lint quality.Serious cellular...Cotton,a crucial commercial fibre crop,depends heavily on seed-associated characteristics like germination rate,vigour,and resistance to post-harvest deterioration for both production and lint quality.Serious cellular damage dur-ing post-harvest processes such as delinting,prolonged seedling emergence periods,decreased viability,increased susceptibility to infections,and lipid peroxidation during storage pose serious problems to seed quality.The perfor-mance of seeds and total crop productivity are adversely affected by these problems.Traditional methods of seed improvement,like physical scarification and seed priming,have demonstrated promise in raising cotton seed vigour and germination rates.Furthermore,modern approaches including plasma therapies,magnetic water treatments,and nanotechnology-based treatments have shown promise in improving seed quality and reducing environmen-tal stresses.By offering sustainable substitutes for conventional approaches,these cutting-edge procedures lessen the need for fungicides and other agrochemicals that pollute the environment.This review explores various con-ventional and emerging strategies to address the detrimental factors impacting cotton seed quality.It emphasizes the importance of integrating classical and advanced approaches to enhance germination,ensure robust crop estab-lishment,and achieve higher yields.In addition to promoting sustainable cotton production,this kind of integration helps preserve the ecosystem and create resilient farming methods.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic and recurrent disease of the gastrointestinal tract,mainly including Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC).However,current approaches against IBD do not precisel...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic and recurrent disease of the gastrointestinal tract,mainly including Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC).However,current approaches against IBD do not precisely deliver drugs to the inflammatory site,which leads to life-long medication and serious side effects that can adversely impact patients’adherence.It is necessary to construct optimal drug delivery systems(DDSs)that can target drugs to the region of inflammation,thereby improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects.With the burgeoning development of nanotechnology-based nanomedicines(NMs)and prodrug strategy,remarkable progresses in the treatment of IBD have been made in recent years.Herein,the latest advances are outlined at the intersection of IBD treatment and nanotherapeutics as well as prodrug therapy.First,the pathophysiological microenvironment of inflammatory sites of IBD is introduced in order to rationally design potential NMs and prodrugs.Second,the necessity of NMs for the IBD therapy is elaborated,and the representative nanotherapeutics via passive targeted and active targeted NMs developed to treat the IBD are overviewed.Furthermore,the emerging prodrug-based therapeutics are summarized,including 5-aminosalicylic acid-,amino acid-,and carbohydrate-conjugated prodrugs.Finally,the design considerations and perspectives of these NMs and prodrugs-driven IBD therapeutics in the clinical translation are spotlighted.展开更多
This narrative review evaluated the potential of nanotechnology platforms(DepoFoam bupivacaine^(R),DepoDur^(R),Exparel^(R),Zynrelef^(R),NeuroCuple™)in the control of postoperative pain following orthopedic procedures....This narrative review evaluated the potential of nanotechnology platforms(DepoFoam bupivacaine^(R),DepoDur^(R),Exparel^(R),Zynrelef^(R),NeuroCuple™)in the control of postoperative pain following orthopedic procedures.In individuals experiencing bunionectomy DepoFoam bupivacaine^(R)120 mg and placebo via wound infiltration before wound closure was compared.The area under the curve for numeric rating scale scores was substantially less in individuals treated with DepoFoam bupivacaine^(R)vs individuals receiving placebo at 24 h and 36 h.In individuals undergoing total hip arthroplasty,a single dose of 15 mg,20 mg,or 25 mg DepoDur^(R)[extended-release epidural morphine(EREM)]and placebo were compared.All EREM dosages diminished the mean fentanyl usage vs placebo and delayed the median time to first dose of fentanyl.All EREM cohorts had substantially improved pain control at rest for up to 48 h post-surgery compared with placebo.No supplementary analgesia was required in 25%of individuals treated with EREM and 2%of individuals treated with placebo at 48 h.In individuals undergoing total knee arthroplasty,iPACK(local anesthetic infiltration of the interspace between the popliteal artery and the posterior knee capsule)adductor canal block was compared to adductor canal block with Exparel^(R).Individuals in the Exparel^(R)cohort experienced an improvement in numeric rating scale pain scores at all postsurgical time points.These individuals also utilized a lower dose of inpatient opioids.In individuals undergoing bunionectomy a single intraoperative dose of Zynrelef^(R)prolonged release(PR)was compared to bupivacaine HCl 0.5%via wound infiltration before wound closure.Zynrelef^(R)PR diminished pain intensity by 18%compared with bupivacaine HCl.Opioid consumption was reduced by 37%in the Zynrelef^(R)PR cohort vs 25%in the bupivacaine HCl cohort.In individuals experiencing total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty,the use of a nanotechnology-based NeuroCuple^(TM)device diminished postoperative pain at rest by 34%and reduced pain with movement by 18%.展开更多
基金the Indian Council of Agriculture Research-National Agriculture Higher Education Program(No.A4/003026/2023)to carry out this work during the international faculty training program at Nanyang Technological University,Singapore,under the Institution Development Plan.
文摘Cotton,a crucial commercial fibre crop,depends heavily on seed-associated characteristics like germination rate,vigour,and resistance to post-harvest deterioration for both production and lint quality.Serious cellular damage dur-ing post-harvest processes such as delinting,prolonged seedling emergence periods,decreased viability,increased susceptibility to infections,and lipid peroxidation during storage pose serious problems to seed quality.The perfor-mance of seeds and total crop productivity are adversely affected by these problems.Traditional methods of seed improvement,like physical scarification and seed priming,have demonstrated promise in raising cotton seed vigour and germination rates.Furthermore,modern approaches including plasma therapies,magnetic water treatments,and nanotechnology-based treatments have shown promise in improving seed quality and reducing environmen-tal stresses.By offering sustainable substitutes for conventional approaches,these cutting-edge procedures lessen the need for fungicides and other agrochemicals that pollute the environment.This review explores various con-ventional and emerging strategies to address the detrimental factors impacting cotton seed quality.It emphasizes the importance of integrating classical and advanced approaches to enhance germination,ensure robust crop estab-lishment,and achieve higher yields.In addition to promoting sustainable cotton production,this kind of integration helps preserve the ecosystem and create resilient farming methods.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA0909900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773656)+3 种基金Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1808017)Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talents Program(No.RC190454)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M680986)General Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(Nos.LKZ0927 and LJKQZ2021034)。
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic and recurrent disease of the gastrointestinal tract,mainly including Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC).However,current approaches against IBD do not precisely deliver drugs to the inflammatory site,which leads to life-long medication and serious side effects that can adversely impact patients’adherence.It is necessary to construct optimal drug delivery systems(DDSs)that can target drugs to the region of inflammation,thereby improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects.With the burgeoning development of nanotechnology-based nanomedicines(NMs)and prodrug strategy,remarkable progresses in the treatment of IBD have been made in recent years.Herein,the latest advances are outlined at the intersection of IBD treatment and nanotherapeutics as well as prodrug therapy.First,the pathophysiological microenvironment of inflammatory sites of IBD is introduced in order to rationally design potential NMs and prodrugs.Second,the necessity of NMs for the IBD therapy is elaborated,and the representative nanotherapeutics via passive targeted and active targeted NMs developed to treat the IBD are overviewed.Furthermore,the emerging prodrug-based therapeutics are summarized,including 5-aminosalicylic acid-,amino acid-,and carbohydrate-conjugated prodrugs.Finally,the design considerations and perspectives of these NMs and prodrugs-driven IBD therapeutics in the clinical translation are spotlighted.
文摘This narrative review evaluated the potential of nanotechnology platforms(DepoFoam bupivacaine^(R),DepoDur^(R),Exparel^(R),Zynrelef^(R),NeuroCuple™)in the control of postoperative pain following orthopedic procedures.In individuals experiencing bunionectomy DepoFoam bupivacaine^(R)120 mg and placebo via wound infiltration before wound closure was compared.The area under the curve for numeric rating scale scores was substantially less in individuals treated with DepoFoam bupivacaine^(R)vs individuals receiving placebo at 24 h and 36 h.In individuals undergoing total hip arthroplasty,a single dose of 15 mg,20 mg,or 25 mg DepoDur^(R)[extended-release epidural morphine(EREM)]and placebo were compared.All EREM dosages diminished the mean fentanyl usage vs placebo and delayed the median time to first dose of fentanyl.All EREM cohorts had substantially improved pain control at rest for up to 48 h post-surgery compared with placebo.No supplementary analgesia was required in 25%of individuals treated with EREM and 2%of individuals treated with placebo at 48 h.In individuals undergoing total knee arthroplasty,iPACK(local anesthetic infiltration of the interspace between the popliteal artery and the posterior knee capsule)adductor canal block was compared to adductor canal block with Exparel^(R).Individuals in the Exparel^(R)cohort experienced an improvement in numeric rating scale pain scores at all postsurgical time points.These individuals also utilized a lower dose of inpatient opioids.In individuals undergoing bunionectomy a single intraoperative dose of Zynrelef^(R)prolonged release(PR)was compared to bupivacaine HCl 0.5%via wound infiltration before wound closure.Zynrelef^(R)PR diminished pain intensity by 18%compared with bupivacaine HCl.Opioid consumption was reduced by 37%in the Zynrelef^(R)PR cohort vs 25%in the bupivacaine HCl cohort.In individuals experiencing total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty,the use of a nanotechnology-based NeuroCuple^(TM)device diminished postoperative pain at rest by 34%and reduced pain with movement by 18%.
