Transition metal nitrides(TMNs)have been considered as promising alternative catalysts to noble metals in various electrocatalytic applications due to their noble metal-like electronic structures,high conductivity,low...Transition metal nitrides(TMNs)have been considered as promising alternative catalysts to noble metals in various electrocatalytic applications due to their noble metal-like electronic structures,high conductivity,low cost,as well as strong chemical stability,which could resist corrosion and oxidation in harsh operation conditions.Therefore,the rational design and controlled synthesis of TMNs with distinct structures play a vital role in developing highly efficient electrocatalysts toward electrochemical applications.This review provides a comprehensive summary of representative synthetic strategies for TMNs,such as direct nitridation,solidstate reaction,sol-gel assisted reaction,and wet-chemical reaction,presents the distinct structural characterizations,and demonstrates their advances in the electrochemical applications.Finally,we propose the remaining challenges and the future research directions on the exploration of TMNs with well-defined structures for electrocatalytic applications,which could shed light on the future development of high-performance electrocatalysts.展开更多
Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) are recognized as a primary threat to the sustainability of environment and human health in the 21^(st) century.Nanomaterials(NMs) have attracted substantial attention due to their un...Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) are recognized as a primary threat to the sustainability of environment and human health in the 21^(st) century.Nanomaterials(NMs) have attracted substantial attention due to their unique dimensions and structures.Unfortunately,emerging evidence suggests that NMs may facilitate the transmission of ARGs.It is crucial to elucidate how NMs affect the evolution and dissemination of ARGs.The current review comprehensively examines the role of NMs in the widespread transmission of ARGs in aquatic environments and the underlying mechanisms involved in the process.It aims to clarify the effects and mechanisms of NMs on the horizontal gene transfer processes that are associated with ARGs,including the enhancement of cell membrane permeability,the formation of nanopores on membranes,promotion of mutagenesis,and the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROSs).Furthermore,the trade-off between the removal of ARGs and horizontal transfer has been elucidated.The review aspires to guide future research directions,advance knowledge on the implications of NMs in the field of ARGs' transmission,and provide a theoretical foundation for the development of safer and more effective applications of NMs.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease is a debilitating,progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive accumulation of abnormal proteins,including amyloid plaques and intracellular tau tangles,primarily within...Alzheimer’s disease is a debilitating,progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive accumulation of abnormal proteins,including amyloid plaques and intracellular tau tangles,primarily within the brain.Lysosomes,crucial intracellular organelles responsible for protein degradation,play a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis.Some studies have suggested a link between the dysregulation of the lysosomal system and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer’s disease.Restoring the normal physiological function of lysosomes hold the potential to reduce the pathological burden and improve the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.Currently,the efficacy of drugs in treating Alzheimer’s disease is limited,with major challenges in drug delivery efficiency and targeting.Recently,nanomaterials have gained widespread use in Alzheimer’s disease drug research owing to their favorable physical and chemical properties.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in using nanomaterials(polymeric nanomaterials,nanoemulsions,and carbon-based nanomaterials)to enhance lysosomal function in treating Alzheimer’s disease.This review also explores new concepts and potential therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer’s disease through the integration of nanomaterials and modulation of lysosomal function.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the potential of nanomaterials in modulating lysosomal function to improve the pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease.The application of nanotechnology to the development of Alzheimer’s disease drugs brings new ideas and approaches for future treatment of this disease.展开更多
We have described in detail the effects of nano-SiO_(2),nano-CaCO_(3),carbon nanotubes,and nano-Al_(2)O_(3) on geopolymer concrete from the perspectives of macro mechanics and microstructure.The existing research resu...We have described in detail the effects of nano-SiO_(2),nano-CaCO_(3),carbon nanotubes,and nano-Al_(2)O_(3) on geopolymer concrete from the perspectives of macro mechanics and microstructure.The existing research results show that the mechanism of nano-materials on geopolymer concrete mainly includes the filling effect,nucleation effect,and bridging effect,the appropriate amount of nano-materials can be used as fillers to reduce the porosity of geopolymer concrete,and can also react with Ca(OH)2 to produce C-S-H gel,thereby improving the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete.The optimum content of nano-SiO_(2) is between 1.0%and 2.0%.The optimum content of nano-CaCO_(3) is between 2.0%and 3.0%.The optimum content of carbon nanotubes is between 0.1%and 0.2%.The optimum content of nano-Al_(2)O_(3) is between 1.0%and 2.0%.The main problems existing in the research and application of nanomaterial-modified geopolymer concrete are summarized,which lays a foundation for the further application of nanomaterial in geopolymer concrete.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains one of the most common cancers worldwide.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization has become a common treatment modality for some patients with unresectable advanced HCC.Since the ...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains one of the most common cancers worldwide.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization has become a common treatment modality for some patients with unresectable advanced HCC.Since the introduction of nanomaterials in 1974,their use in various fields has evolved rapidly.In medical applications,nanomaterials can serve as carriers for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to tumour tissues.Additionally,nanomaterials have potential for in vivo tumour imaging.This article covers the properties and uses of several kinds of nanomaterials,focusing on their use in transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for HCC treatment.This paper also discusses the limitations currently associated with the use of nanomaterials.展开更多
Various chemical irrigants and drugs have been employed for intra-canal disinfection in root canal therapy(RCT).However,due to the complexity of root canal anatomy,many drugs still exhibit poor penetrability and antib...Various chemical irrigants and drugs have been employed for intra-canal disinfection in root canal therapy(RCT).However,due to the complexity of root canal anatomy,many drugs still exhibit poor penetrability and antibiotic resistance,leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes.Thus,it is challenging to remove the organic biofilms from root canals.In recent years,light-responsive therapy,with deeper tissue penetration than traditional treatments,has emerged as an effective RCT modality.Herein,this review summarizes the recent development of light-responsive nanomaterials for biofilm removal in RCT.The light-responsive nanomaterials and the corresponding therapeutic methods in RCT,including photodynamic therapy(PDT),photothermal therapy(PTT),and laser-activated therapy,are highlighted.Finally,the challenges that light-responsive nanomaterials and treatment modalities will encounter to conquer the biofilm in future RCT are discussed.This review is believed to significantly accelerate the future development of light-responsive nanomaterials for RCT from bench to bedside.展开更多
Lignocellulosic materials(LCMs),abundant biomass residues,pose significant environmental challenges when improperly disposed of.LCMs,such as sugarcane bagasse,rice straw,saw dust and agricultural residues,are abun-dant...Lignocellulosic materials(LCMs),abundant biomass residues,pose significant environmental challenges when improperly disposed of.LCMs,such as sugarcane bagasse,rice straw,saw dust and agricultural residues,are abun-dant but often burned,contributing to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.This review explores the potential of transforming these materials into high-value carbon nanomaterials(CNMs).We explore the potential of transforming these materials into high-value CNMs.By employing techniques like carbonization and activa-tion,LCMs can be converted into various CNMs,including carbon nanotubes(CNTs),graphene(G),graphene oxide(GO),carbon quantum dots(CQDs),nanodiamonds(NDs),fullerenes(F),carbon nanofibers(CNFs),and others.Hybridizing different carbon allotropes further enhances their properties.CNMs derived from cellulose,lignin,and hemicellulose exhibit promising applications in diversefields.For instance,CNTs can be used in energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors due to their exceptional electrical conductivity and mechanical strength.Additionally,CNTs can be incorporated into recycled paper as afire retardant additive,enhancing itsflame resistance.G,renowned for its high surface area and excellent electrical conductivity,finds applications in electronics,sensors,catalysis,and water treatment,where it can be used to adsorb heavy metal ions.CQDs,owing to their unique optical properties,are used in bioimaging,drug delivery,and optoelectronic devices.By harnessing the potential of LCMs,we can not only mitigate environmental concerns but also contri-bute to a sustainable future.Continued research is essential to optimize synthesis methods,explore novel applica-tions,and unlock the full potential of these versatile materials.展开更多
Rapidly growing population,escalating urbanization,and industrialization are causing the depletion of non-renewable resources and air pollution,a silent pandemic responsible for billions of global mortalities.Sensors ...Rapidly growing population,escalating urbanization,and industrialization are causing the depletion of non-renewable resources and air pollution,a silent pandemic responsible for billions of global mortalities.Sensors are crucial vectors for monitoring the emission of various gases/volatile organic compoundsbased pollutants from various anthropogenic sources.Borophene-based nanomaterials(BNMs)are the latest two-dimensional flatlands to this emergent next-generation sensors family with exceptional and tunable physicochemical attributes characterized by high anisotropy,thermal/mechanical resilience,tunable bandgaps,light-weight,high charge carrier mobility,and excellent adsorption efficacies.However,the practical implementation and scalability of BNMs grapple with challenges,including instability,substrateto-device transfer complications,and optimization intricacies.This comprehensive review delves into state-of-the-art BNM sensor fabrication techniques,intertwining theoretical insights derived from density functional theory and molecular dynamics with practical evaluations and on-site applications.Besides,the fundamental challenges associated with engineering BNM sensors and their alternate solutions by employing various strategies,including surface termination,functionalization,hydrogenation,hybridization,architecting composites,and green chemistry,are detailed.This review offers a roadmap from lab to market,bridging theoretical insights with practical implementation and expediting the advanced BNM sensors with wearable,remotely accessible,point-of-care,scavenging,self-powered,biocompatible,and intelligent modules for pollution management.展开更多
A structural conjugate(HOC)of polysaccharide,hyaluronic acid(HA)with different ratios of oleic acid(OA)via cystamine(CYS)linker as a new ocular biomaterial was developed.The HOCs with controlled degrees of substitutio...A structural conjugate(HOC)of polysaccharide,hyaluronic acid(HA)with different ratios of oleic acid(OA)via cystamine(CYS)linker as a new ocular biomaterial was developed.The HOCs with controlled degrees of substitution of OA(4.6%,8.3%and 12.2%)were synthesized to form self-assembled HA-CYS-OA nanoparticles(HONs,HON1,HON2,HON3).A poorly water-soluble cyclosporine A(CsA)to be used for the treatment of multifactorial dry eye disease(DED)was chosen as model drug.CsA-loaded HONs exhibited improved solution transparency via solubilizing capacity of HON,and increased in vitro drug permeation compared to Restasis®.The physicochemical properties of CsA-loaded HONs such as nano behaviors,solution transparency,drug release,drug permeation and ocular cytocompatibility were highly variable according to the ratios of OA substitution.Interestingly,this CsA-loaded HON1 as optimal ocular nanoformulation showed markedly augmentedmacrophage polarization into the M2 phenotype,downregulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines levels in LPS-induced M1 macrophage,and effectively inhibited VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation and capillary-like tube formation by the synergistic effect of CsA and HON1 containing OA at the same time.Collectively,the current fatty acid conjugated to HA,named fattigation platform,providing the roles and physicochemical properties via structural features of HA could be a promising co-delivery strategy of drug and fatty acid for DED and other ophthalmic disease treatments.展开更多
Prussian blue/Prussian blue analogues(PB/PBAs)are widely used in electrochemistry and materials science fields,such as electrochemical energy storage,catalysis,water purification,and electromagnetic wave absorption,ow...Prussian blue/Prussian blue analogues(PB/PBAs)are widely used in electrochemistry and materials science fields,such as electrochemical energy storage,catalysis,water purification,and electromagnetic wave absorption,owing to their 3D open-framework structure,tunable composition,and large specific surface area.However,the co-precipitation method,which is most suitable for large-scale production of PB/PBAs,often leads to the formation of numerous crystal defects and severe lattice distortion,which significantly affects the structural stability of PB/PBAs.To obtain high-crystallinity PB/PBAs with targeted properties,precise synthesis considering various detailed conditions is especially needed.Herein,this review comprehensively summarizes the fundamental structure composition,key factors in synthesis,and applications in the electrochemistry of PB/PBAs.Unlike previous reports,this review elucidates the relationship between the physicochemical properties of PB/PBAs and their structural composition,with a particular focus on revealing the mechanisms and significance of specific preparation methods during the synthesis process,including reactant concentration,chelating agent,aging,atmosphere,temperature,and drying conditions,for achieving the precise fabrication of PB/PBAs nanomaterials.As PB/PBAs gradually become materials for multidimensional applications,we urge greater attention to the unique properties of PB/PBAs that are sustained by high crystallinity and stable crystal structures.This will effectively ensure the maximization of their advantages in practical applications.展开更多
Protein glycosylation and phosphorylation,as two of the most important protein post-translational modifications(PTMs),play key roles in living organisms.However,glycopeptides and phosphopeptides have low abundance in ...Protein glycosylation and phosphorylation,as two of the most important protein post-translational modifications(PTMs),play key roles in living organisms.However,glycopeptides and phosphopeptides have low abundance in biological samples.In addition,the low ionization efficiency and the severe signal interference in the presence of other peptides present great difficulties for their direct mass spectrometry(MS)analysis.Therefore,it is important to develop feasible enrichment strategies to pretreat glycopeptides and phosphopeptides in complex samples before MS detection.This paper reviews the application of various magnetic nanomaterials(MNMs)in glycopeptides and phosphopeptides in the last decade,with emphasis on the enrichment principles,the design and synthesis process of the materials,and the effectiveness of the application in biological samples.In addition,possible future trends and potential challenges are presented.展开更多
Environmental catalysis has been considered one of the important research topics.Some technologies(e.g.,photocatalysis and electrocatalysis)have been intensively developed with the advance of synthetic technologies of...Environmental catalysis has been considered one of the important research topics.Some technologies(e.g.,photocatalysis and electrocatalysis)have been intensively developed with the advance of synthetic technologies of catalytical materials.In 2019,we discussed the development trend of this field,and wrote a roadmap on this topic in Chinese Chemical Letters(30(2019)2065-2088).Nowadays,we discuss it again from a new viewpoint along this road.In this paper,several subtopics are discussed,e.g.,photocatalysis based on titanium dioxide,violet phosphorus,graphitic carbon and covalent organic frameworks,electrocatalysts based on carbon,metal-and covalent-organic framework.Finally,we hope that this roadmap can enrich the development of two-dimensional materials in environmental catalysis with novel understanding,and give useful inspiration to explore new catalysts for practical applications.展开更多
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs),black phosphorus nanotubes(BPNTs),and graphene derivatives exhibit significant promise for applications in nano-electromechanical systems(NEMS),energy storage,and sensing technologies due to the...Carbon nanotubes(CNTs),black phosphorus nanotubes(BPNTs),and graphene derivatives exhibit significant promise for applications in nano-electromechanical systems(NEMS),energy storage,and sensing technologies due to their exceptional mechanical,electrical,and thermal properties.This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the dynamic behaviors of these nanomaterials,with a particular focus on insights gained from molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.Key areas discussed include the oscillatory and rotational dynamics of double-walled CNTs,fabrication and stability challenges associated with BPNTs,and the emerging potential of graphyne nanotubes(GNTs).The review also outlines design strategies for enhancing nanodevice performance and underscores the importance of future efforts in experimental validation,multi-scale coupling analyses,and the development of novel nanocomposites to accelerate practical deployment.展开更多
Thermoelectric(TE)materials,with the ability to convert heat into electrical energy,can generate micro-electrical fields at electronic interfaces with biological systems,making them applicable in electric-catalyzing a...Thermoelectric(TE)materials,with the ability to convert heat into electrical energy,can generate micro-electrical fields at electronic interfaces with biological systems,making them applicable in electric-catalyzing as nanozymes,and modulate the infected microenvironment of skin wounds.Thereby,by harnessing temperature differences in vitro or in vivo,TE nanomaterials can provide antimicrobial reactive oxygen species(ROS)by catalyzing redox reactions,thereby accelerating wound healing by suppressing infection.However,despite their promising potential,there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the antimicrobial mechanisms,biocompatibility,and practical applications of TE nanomaterials in wound healing,as this is a newly-emerged sub-area of energy-related biomedical applications.This review aims to address this gap by highlighting the emerging progress of TE materials in wound healing,clarifying their mechanism and advances,emphasizing their potential challenges for commercialization and clinical use,and proposing novel design strategies of TE nanomaterials for effective antibacterial performance.展开更多
Nanomaterials have garnered recognition for their notable surface effects and demonstration of superior mechanical properties.Previous studies on the surface effects of nanomaterials,employing the finite element metho...Nanomaterials have garnered recognition for their notable surface effects and demonstration of superior mechanical properties.Previous studies on the surface effects of nanomaterials,employing the finite element method,often relied on simplified twodimensional models due to theoretical complexities.Consequently,these simplified models inadequately represent the mechanical properties of nanomaterials and fail to capture the substantial impact of surface effects,particularly the curvature dependence of nanosurfaces.This study applies the principle of minimum energy and leverages the Steigmann-Ogden surface theory of nanomaterials to formulate a novel finite element surface element that comprehensively accounts for surface effects.We conducted an analysis of the stress distribution and deformation characteristics of four typical 2D and 3D nanomaterial models.The accuracy of the developed surface element and finite element calculation method was verified through comparison with established references.The resulting finite element model provides a robust and compelling scientific approach for accurately predicting the mechanical performance of nanomaterials.展开更多
Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are closely related to cell death,proliferation and inflammation.However,excessive ROS levels may exceed the cellular oxidative capacity and cause irreversible damage.Organisms are often in...Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are closely related to cell death,proliferation and inflammation.However,excessive ROS levels may exceed the cellular oxidative capacity and cause irreversible damage.Organisms are often inadvertently exposed to nanomaterials(NMs).Therefore,elucidating the specific routes of ROS generation induced by NMs is crucial for comprehending the toxicity mechanisms of NMs and regulating their potential applications.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the toxicity mechanisms and applications of NMs from three perspectives:(1)Organelle perspective.Investigating the impact of NMmediated ROS onmitochondria,unravelingmechanisms at the organelle level.(2)NMs’perspective.Exploring the broad applications and biosafety considerations of Nanozymes,a unique class of NMs.(3)Cellular system.Examining the toxic effects and mechanisms of NMs in cells at a holistic cellular level.Expanding on these perspectives,the paper scrutinizes the regulation of Fenton reactions by NMs in organisms.Furthermore,it introduces diseases resulting fromNM-mediated ROS at the organism level.This comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights for studying NM-mediated mechanisms at both cellular and organism levels,offering considerations for the safe design of nanomaterials.展开更多
The rise in global energy demand and environmental pollution highlights the importance of developing efficient and stable photocatalytic materials to address the energy crisis and environmental issues.Graded nanomater...The rise in global energy demand and environmental pollution highlights the importance of developing efficient and stable photocatalytic materials to address the energy crisis and environmental issues.Graded nanomaterials exhibit significant promise for photocatalysis due to their unique structural advantages,including multi-scale pores,high specific surface area,and optimized electron transport pathways.This review systematically examines the design principles and synthesis methods for hierarchical nanomaterials and their photocatalytic performance.Through modulation of porous structures,hierarchical heterojunctions,and core-shell configurations,graded nanomaterials notably improve light absorption efficiency,carrier separation,and surface reaction activity of photocatalysts.Strategies such as S-scheme heterojunctions and interface engineering further enhance the performance of photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction,hydrogen production,and pollutant degradation.In situ characterization techniques offer dynamic insights into the photocatalytic mechanism.This study elucidates how hierarchical structures influence photocatalytic performance,discusses their potential applications in environmental treatment and clean energy,and proposes directions for future design and optimization of photocatalytic materials.展开更多
Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)as one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers threatens human health.The treatment of RCC demands more advanced protocols for better prognosis and higher quality of life.In recent years,the bl...Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)as one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers threatens human health.The treatment of RCC demands more advanced protocols for better prognosis and higher quality of life.In recent years,the blooming of nanomaterials in various fields demonstrates its critical role as one of the most important components in constructing a smart therapeutic platform against RCC.Herein,focusing on the therapeutic inorganic nanomaterials(such as carbon nanomaterials,metal nanomaterials,oxide nanomaterials),their functions as drug carriers,external field sensitizers,and/or RCC microenvironment sensitizers are analyzed.In combination with the advantages of nanomaterial and RCC characteristics,the trends in integrating nanomaterial to construct multifunctional theranostic platforms for RCC treatment are highlighted.Also,possible solutions concerning the life trajectory and long-term toxicity of nanomaterials are put forward.These perspectives may promote the development of smarter and more effective systems for comprehensive RCC treatment.展开更多
Owing to their unique biological effects and physicochemical properties,nanomaterials have garnered substantial attention in the field of bone tissue engineering(BTE),targeting the repair and restoration of impaired b...Owing to their unique biological effects and physicochemical properties,nanomaterials have garnered substantial attention in the field of bone tissue engineering(BTE),targeting the repair and restoration of impaired bone tissue.In recent years,strategies for the design and optimization of nanomaterials through thiolation modification have been widely applied in BTE.This review concisely summarizes the categories of nanomaterials commonly used in BTE and focuses on various strategies for the modification of nanomaterials via thiolation.A multifaceted analysis of the mechanisms by which thiolated nanomaterials enhance nanomaterial-cell interactions,promote drug loading and release,and modulate osteogenic differentiation is presented.Furthermore,this review introduces biomedical applications of thiolated nanomaterials in BTE,including as scaffold components for bone regeneration,coatings for bone implants,and drug delivery systems.Finally,the future perspectives and challenges in the development of this field are discussed.Thiolation modification strategies provide a platform for developing new ideas and methods for designing nanomaterials for BTE and are expected to accelerate the development and clinical translation of novel bone repair materials.展开更多
Nanomaterials are extensively utilized in a multitude of sectors,but their propensity to aggregate can considerably diminish the efficacy of functional materials.A pivotal challenge in this domain is achieving a homog...Nanomaterials are extensively utilized in a multitude of sectors,but their propensity to aggregate can considerably diminish the efficacy of functional materials.A pivotal challenge in this domain is achieving a homogenous distribution of nanomaterials,which is essential for enhancing their performance while also reducing production costs.In this work,we achieve uniform and stable dispersion of various nano-materials through the confinement effect generated by the stereocomplex cross-linked network formed by the combination of poly(L-lactic)acid and poly(D-lactic)acid.The unique confinement effect of poly-lactic acid(PLA)isomers is universal and significantly enhances the dispersion of nanomaterials in both PLA solutions and films.To demonstrate the efficacy of our approach,we disperse aggregation-induced emission(AIE)molecules within PLA,which leads to the production of PLA films exhibiting improved fluorescence property.This work provides an effective solution for the preparation of nanocomposite ma-terials that are both high-performing and cost-efficient.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52471219 and 92463305)State Key Laboratory of New Ceramic Materials Tsinghua University(KFZD202402)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(00007838)。
文摘Transition metal nitrides(TMNs)have been considered as promising alternative catalysts to noble metals in various electrocatalytic applications due to their noble metal-like electronic structures,high conductivity,low cost,as well as strong chemical stability,which could resist corrosion and oxidation in harsh operation conditions.Therefore,the rational design and controlled synthesis of TMNs with distinct structures play a vital role in developing highly efficient electrocatalysts toward electrochemical applications.This review provides a comprehensive summary of representative synthetic strategies for TMNs,such as direct nitridation,solidstate reaction,sol-gel assisted reaction,and wet-chemical reaction,presents the distinct structural characterizations,and demonstrates their advances in the electrochemical applications.Finally,we propose the remaining challenges and the future research directions on the exploration of TMNs with well-defined structures for electrocatalytic applications,which could shed light on the future development of high-performance electrocatalysts.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (Harbin Institute of Technology) (No.2022TS13)the key projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.2019YFC0408503)the Key Research Program of Wuhan (No.2022022202015015)。
文摘Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) are recognized as a primary threat to the sustainability of environment and human health in the 21^(st) century.Nanomaterials(NMs) have attracted substantial attention due to their unique dimensions and structures.Unfortunately,emerging evidence suggests that NMs may facilitate the transmission of ARGs.It is crucial to elucidate how NMs affect the evolution and dissemination of ARGs.The current review comprehensively examines the role of NMs in the widespread transmission of ARGs in aquatic environments and the underlying mechanisms involved in the process.It aims to clarify the effects and mechanisms of NMs on the horizontal gene transfer processes that are associated with ARGs,including the enhancement of cell membrane permeability,the formation of nanopores on membranes,promotion of mutagenesis,and the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROSs).Furthermore,the trade-off between the removal of ARGs and horizontal transfer has been elucidated.The review aspires to guide future research directions,advance knowledge on the implications of NMs in the field of ARGs' transmission,and provide a theoretical foundation for the development of safer and more effective applications of NMs.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,No.22ZR147750Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission,No.23Y11906600Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Innovative Clinical Research Project,No.2020YLCYJ-Y02(all to YY).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a debilitating,progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive accumulation of abnormal proteins,including amyloid plaques and intracellular tau tangles,primarily within the brain.Lysosomes,crucial intracellular organelles responsible for protein degradation,play a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis.Some studies have suggested a link between the dysregulation of the lysosomal system and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer’s disease.Restoring the normal physiological function of lysosomes hold the potential to reduce the pathological burden and improve the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.Currently,the efficacy of drugs in treating Alzheimer’s disease is limited,with major challenges in drug delivery efficiency and targeting.Recently,nanomaterials have gained widespread use in Alzheimer’s disease drug research owing to their favorable physical and chemical properties.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in using nanomaterials(polymeric nanomaterials,nanoemulsions,and carbon-based nanomaterials)to enhance lysosomal function in treating Alzheimer’s disease.This review also explores new concepts and potential therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer’s disease through the integration of nanomaterials and modulation of lysosomal function.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the potential of nanomaterials in modulating lysosomal function to improve the pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease.The application of nanotechnology to the development of Alzheimer’s disease drugs brings new ideas and approaches for future treatment of this disease.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20672,52171270,51879168)the PI Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)(GML20240001,GML2024009)。
文摘We have described in detail the effects of nano-SiO_(2),nano-CaCO_(3),carbon nanotubes,and nano-Al_(2)O_(3) on geopolymer concrete from the perspectives of macro mechanics and microstructure.The existing research results show that the mechanism of nano-materials on geopolymer concrete mainly includes the filling effect,nucleation effect,and bridging effect,the appropriate amount of nano-materials can be used as fillers to reduce the porosity of geopolymer concrete,and can also react with Ca(OH)2 to produce C-S-H gel,thereby improving the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete.The optimum content of nano-SiO_(2) is between 1.0%and 2.0%.The optimum content of nano-CaCO_(3) is between 2.0%and 3.0%.The optimum content of carbon nanotubes is between 0.1%and 0.2%.The optimum content of nano-Al_(2)O_(3) is between 1.0%and 2.0%.The main problems existing in the research and application of nanomaterial-modified geopolymer concrete are summarized,which lays a foundation for the further application of nanomaterial in geopolymer concrete.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains one of the most common cancers worldwide.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization has become a common treatment modality for some patients with unresectable advanced HCC.Since the introduction of nanomaterials in 1974,their use in various fields has evolved rapidly.In medical applications,nanomaterials can serve as carriers for the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to tumour tissues.Additionally,nanomaterials have potential for in vivo tumour imaging.This article covers the properties and uses of several kinds of nanomaterials,focusing on their use in transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for HCC treatment.This paper also discusses the limitations currently associated with the use of nanomaterials.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20200092)。
文摘Various chemical irrigants and drugs have been employed for intra-canal disinfection in root canal therapy(RCT).However,due to the complexity of root canal anatomy,many drugs still exhibit poor penetrability and antibiotic resistance,leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes.Thus,it is challenging to remove the organic biofilms from root canals.In recent years,light-responsive therapy,with deeper tissue penetration than traditional treatments,has emerged as an effective RCT modality.Herein,this review summarizes the recent development of light-responsive nanomaterials for biofilm removal in RCT.The light-responsive nanomaterials and the corresponding therapeutic methods in RCT,including photodynamic therapy(PDT),photothermal therapy(PTT),and laser-activated therapy,are highlighted.Finally,the challenges that light-responsive nanomaterials and treatment modalities will encounter to conquer the biofilm in future RCT are discussed.This review is believed to significantly accelerate the future development of light-responsive nanomaterials for RCT from bench to bedside.
文摘Lignocellulosic materials(LCMs),abundant biomass residues,pose significant environmental challenges when improperly disposed of.LCMs,such as sugarcane bagasse,rice straw,saw dust and agricultural residues,are abun-dant but often burned,contributing to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.This review explores the potential of transforming these materials into high-value carbon nanomaterials(CNMs).We explore the potential of transforming these materials into high-value CNMs.By employing techniques like carbonization and activa-tion,LCMs can be converted into various CNMs,including carbon nanotubes(CNTs),graphene(G),graphene oxide(GO),carbon quantum dots(CQDs),nanodiamonds(NDs),fullerenes(F),carbon nanofibers(CNFs),and others.Hybridizing different carbon allotropes further enhances their properties.CNMs derived from cellulose,lignin,and hemicellulose exhibit promising applications in diversefields.For instance,CNTs can be used in energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors due to their exceptional electrical conductivity and mechanical strength.Additionally,CNTs can be incorporated into recycled paper as afire retardant additive,enhancing itsflame resistance.G,renowned for its high surface area and excellent electrical conductivity,finds applications in electronics,sensors,catalysis,and water treatment,where it can be used to adsorb heavy metal ions.CQDs,owing to their unique optical properties,are used in bioimaging,drug delivery,and optoelectronic devices.By harnessing the potential of LCMs,we can not only mitigate environmental concerns but also contri-bute to a sustainable future.Continued research is essential to optimize synthesis methods,explore novel applica-tions,and unlock the full potential of these versatile materials.
文摘Rapidly growing population,escalating urbanization,and industrialization are causing the depletion of non-renewable resources and air pollution,a silent pandemic responsible for billions of global mortalities.Sensors are crucial vectors for monitoring the emission of various gases/volatile organic compoundsbased pollutants from various anthropogenic sources.Borophene-based nanomaterials(BNMs)are the latest two-dimensional flatlands to this emergent next-generation sensors family with exceptional and tunable physicochemical attributes characterized by high anisotropy,thermal/mechanical resilience,tunable bandgaps,light-weight,high charge carrier mobility,and excellent adsorption efficacies.However,the practical implementation and scalability of BNMs grapple with challenges,including instability,substrateto-device transfer complications,and optimization intricacies.This comprehensive review delves into state-of-the-art BNM sensor fabrication techniques,intertwining theoretical insights derived from density functional theory and molecular dynamics with practical evaluations and on-site applications.Besides,the fundamental challenges associated with engineering BNM sensors and their alternate solutions by employing various strategies,including surface termination,functionalization,hydrogenation,hybridization,architecting composites,and green chemistry,are detailed.This review offers a roadmap from lab to market,bridging theoretical insights with practical implementation and expediting the advanced BNM sensors with wearable,remotely accessible,point-of-care,scavenging,self-powered,biocompatible,and intelligent modules for pollution management.
基金supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(RS-2023-00208240),Republic of Korea.
文摘A structural conjugate(HOC)of polysaccharide,hyaluronic acid(HA)with different ratios of oleic acid(OA)via cystamine(CYS)linker as a new ocular biomaterial was developed.The HOCs with controlled degrees of substitution of OA(4.6%,8.3%and 12.2%)were synthesized to form self-assembled HA-CYS-OA nanoparticles(HONs,HON1,HON2,HON3).A poorly water-soluble cyclosporine A(CsA)to be used for the treatment of multifactorial dry eye disease(DED)was chosen as model drug.CsA-loaded HONs exhibited improved solution transparency via solubilizing capacity of HON,and increased in vitro drug permeation compared to Restasis®.The physicochemical properties of CsA-loaded HONs such as nano behaviors,solution transparency,drug release,drug permeation and ocular cytocompatibility were highly variable according to the ratios of OA substitution.Interestingly,this CsA-loaded HON1 as optimal ocular nanoformulation showed markedly augmentedmacrophage polarization into the M2 phenotype,downregulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines levels in LPS-induced M1 macrophage,and effectively inhibited VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation and capillary-like tube formation by the synergistic effect of CsA and HON1 containing OA at the same time.Collectively,the current fatty acid conjugated to HA,named fattigation platform,providing the roles and physicochemical properties via structural features of HA could be a promising co-delivery strategy of drug and fatty acid for DED and other ophthalmic disease treatments.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.52202253,52372193,and 22293041)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20220914)Large Instrument and Equipment Sharing Fund of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics。
文摘Prussian blue/Prussian blue analogues(PB/PBAs)are widely used in electrochemistry and materials science fields,such as electrochemical energy storage,catalysis,water purification,and electromagnetic wave absorption,owing to their 3D open-framework structure,tunable composition,and large specific surface area.However,the co-precipitation method,which is most suitable for large-scale production of PB/PBAs,often leads to the formation of numerous crystal defects and severe lattice distortion,which significantly affects the structural stability of PB/PBAs.To obtain high-crystallinity PB/PBAs with targeted properties,precise synthesis considering various detailed conditions is especially needed.Herein,this review comprehensively summarizes the fundamental structure composition,key factors in synthesis,and applications in the electrochemistry of PB/PBAs.Unlike previous reports,this review elucidates the relationship between the physicochemical properties of PB/PBAs and their structural composition,with a particular focus on revealing the mechanisms and significance of specific preparation methods during the synthesis process,including reactant concentration,chelating agent,aging,atmosphere,temperature,and drying conditions,for achieving the precise fabrication of PB/PBAs nanomaterials.As PB/PBAs gradually become materials for multidimensional applications,we urge greater attention to the unique properties of PB/PBAs that are sustained by high crystallinity and stable crystal structures.This will effectively ensure the maximization of their advantages in practical applications.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFF0613402)。
文摘Protein glycosylation and phosphorylation,as two of the most important protein post-translational modifications(PTMs),play key roles in living organisms.However,glycopeptides and phosphopeptides have low abundance in biological samples.In addition,the low ionization efficiency and the severe signal interference in the presence of other peptides present great difficulties for their direct mass spectrometry(MS)analysis.Therefore,it is important to develop feasible enrichment strategies to pretreat glycopeptides and phosphopeptides in complex samples before MS detection.This paper reviews the application of various magnetic nanomaterials(MNMs)in glycopeptides and phosphopeptides in the last decade,with emphasis on the enrichment principles,the design and synthesis process of the materials,and the effectiveness of the application in biological samples.In addition,possible future trends and potential challenges are presented.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272290,21972030,52073119,and 52373210)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20230101029JC)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(No.202303021212159)the Monash University Malaysia–ASEAN grant(No.ASE-000010)。
文摘Environmental catalysis has been considered one of the important research topics.Some technologies(e.g.,photocatalysis and electrocatalysis)have been intensively developed with the advance of synthetic technologies of catalytical materials.In 2019,we discussed the development trend of this field,and wrote a roadmap on this topic in Chinese Chemical Letters(30(2019)2065-2088).Nowadays,we discuss it again from a new viewpoint along this road.In this paper,several subtopics are discussed,e.g.,photocatalysis based on titanium dioxide,violet phosphorus,graphitic carbon and covalent organic frameworks,electrocatalysts based on carbon,metal-and covalent-organic framework.Finally,we hope that this roadmap can enrich the development of two-dimensional materials in environmental catalysis with novel understanding,and give useful inspiration to explore new catalysts for practical applications.
文摘Carbon nanotubes(CNTs),black phosphorus nanotubes(BPNTs),and graphene derivatives exhibit significant promise for applications in nano-electromechanical systems(NEMS),energy storage,and sensing technologies due to their exceptional mechanical,electrical,and thermal properties.This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the dynamic behaviors of these nanomaterials,with a particular focus on insights gained from molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.Key areas discussed include the oscillatory and rotational dynamics of double-walled CNTs,fabrication and stability challenges associated with BPNTs,and the emerging potential of graphyne nanotubes(GNTs).The review also outlines design strategies for enhancing nanodevice performance and underscores the importance of future efforts in experimental validation,multi-scale coupling analyses,and the development of novel nanocomposites to accelerate practical deployment.
基金financially supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2023ZYD0064 and 2023YFG0220)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.YJ202242)the Research Funding from West China School/Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University(No.QDJF2022–2).
文摘Thermoelectric(TE)materials,with the ability to convert heat into electrical energy,can generate micro-electrical fields at electronic interfaces with biological systems,making them applicable in electric-catalyzing as nanozymes,and modulate the infected microenvironment of skin wounds.Thereby,by harnessing temperature differences in vitro or in vivo,TE nanomaterials can provide antimicrobial reactive oxygen species(ROS)by catalyzing redox reactions,thereby accelerating wound healing by suppressing infection.However,despite their promising potential,there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the antimicrobial mechanisms,biocompatibility,and practical applications of TE nanomaterials in wound healing,as this is a newly-emerged sub-area of energy-related biomedical applications.This review aims to address this gap by highlighting the emerging progress of TE materials in wound healing,clarifying their mechanism and advances,emphasizing their potential challenges for commercialization and clinical use,and proposing novel design strategies of TE nanomaterials for effective antibacterial performance.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent (Grant No.2023ZB397)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2023M732986).
文摘Nanomaterials have garnered recognition for their notable surface effects and demonstration of superior mechanical properties.Previous studies on the surface effects of nanomaterials,employing the finite element method,often relied on simplified twodimensional models due to theoretical complexities.Consequently,these simplified models inadequately represent the mechanical properties of nanomaterials and fail to capture the substantial impact of surface effects,particularly the curvature dependence of nanosurfaces.This study applies the principle of minimum energy and leverages the Steigmann-Ogden surface theory of nanomaterials to formulate a novel finite element surface element that comprehensively accounts for surface effects.We conducted an analysis of the stress distribution and deformation characteristics of four typical 2D and 3D nanomaterial models.The accuracy of the developed surface element and finite element calculation method was verified through comparison with established references.The resulting finite element model provides a robust and compelling scientific approach for accurately predicting the mechanical performance of nanomaterials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22176206).
文摘Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are closely related to cell death,proliferation and inflammation.However,excessive ROS levels may exceed the cellular oxidative capacity and cause irreversible damage.Organisms are often inadvertently exposed to nanomaterials(NMs).Therefore,elucidating the specific routes of ROS generation induced by NMs is crucial for comprehending the toxicity mechanisms of NMs and regulating their potential applications.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the toxicity mechanisms and applications of NMs from three perspectives:(1)Organelle perspective.Investigating the impact of NMmediated ROS onmitochondria,unravelingmechanisms at the organelle level.(2)NMs’perspective.Exploring the broad applications and biosafety considerations of Nanozymes,a unique class of NMs.(3)Cellular system.Examining the toxic effects and mechanisms of NMs in cells at a holistic cellular level.Expanding on these perspectives,the paper scrutinizes the regulation of Fenton reactions by NMs in organisms.Furthermore,it introduces diseases resulting fromNM-mediated ROS at the organism level.This comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights for studying NM-mediated mechanisms at both cellular and organism levels,offering considerations for the safe design of nanomaterials.
文摘The rise in global energy demand and environmental pollution highlights the importance of developing efficient and stable photocatalytic materials to address the energy crisis and environmental issues.Graded nanomaterials exhibit significant promise for photocatalysis due to their unique structural advantages,including multi-scale pores,high specific surface area,and optimized electron transport pathways.This review systematically examines the design principles and synthesis methods for hierarchical nanomaterials and their photocatalytic performance.Through modulation of porous structures,hierarchical heterojunctions,and core-shell configurations,graded nanomaterials notably improve light absorption efficiency,carrier separation,and surface reaction activity of photocatalysts.Strategies such as S-scheme heterojunctions and interface engineering further enhance the performance of photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction,hydrogen production,and pollutant degradation.In situ characterization techniques offer dynamic insights into the photocatalytic mechanism.This study elucidates how hierarchical structures influence photocatalytic performance,discusses their potential applications in environmental treatment and clean energy,and proposes directions for future design and optimization of photocatalytic materials.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82270756)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Nos.2414050006150,2024A1515011405)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou,China(No.202102010133)the Science and Technology Project of Heyuan,China(Nos.230510171473346,230510171473347)the Medical Joint Fund of Jinan University。
文摘Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)as one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers threatens human health.The treatment of RCC demands more advanced protocols for better prognosis and higher quality of life.In recent years,the blooming of nanomaterials in various fields demonstrates its critical role as one of the most important components in constructing a smart therapeutic platform against RCC.Herein,focusing on the therapeutic inorganic nanomaterials(such as carbon nanomaterials,metal nanomaterials,oxide nanomaterials),their functions as drug carriers,external field sensitizers,and/or RCC microenvironment sensitizers are analyzed.In combination with the advantages of nanomaterial and RCC characteristics,the trends in integrating nanomaterial to construct multifunctional theranostic platforms for RCC treatment are highlighted.Also,possible solutions concerning the life trajectory and long-term toxicity of nanomaterials are put forward.These perspectives may promote the development of smarter and more effective systems for comprehensive RCC treatment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52103184 and 8226030956)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2407503)+3 种基金Key Project of the Natural Science Basic Research Plan of Shaanxi Province(No.2022JZ43)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2024JCYBQN-0874)Medical Research Key Project of Xi'an Science and Technology Bureau(No.2024JH-YXZD-0055)Medical Research Project of Xi'an Science and Technology Bureau(No.22YXYJ0083)
文摘Owing to their unique biological effects and physicochemical properties,nanomaterials have garnered substantial attention in the field of bone tissue engineering(BTE),targeting the repair and restoration of impaired bone tissue.In recent years,strategies for the design and optimization of nanomaterials through thiolation modification have been widely applied in BTE.This review concisely summarizes the categories of nanomaterials commonly used in BTE and focuses on various strategies for the modification of nanomaterials via thiolation.A multifaceted analysis of the mechanisms by which thiolated nanomaterials enhance nanomaterial-cell interactions,promote drug loading and release,and modulate osteogenic differentiation is presented.Furthermore,this review introduces biomedical applications of thiolated nanomaterials in BTE,including as scaffold components for bone regeneration,coatings for bone implants,and drug delivery systems.Finally,the future perspectives and challenges in the development of this field are discussed.Thiolation modification strategies provide a platform for developing new ideas and methods for designing nanomaterials for BTE and are expected to accelerate the development and clinical translation of novel bone repair materials.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3804204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52127805,52102090,12172005,and 12325202)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Uni-versities(No.2232022D-04)the Innovation and Development Sup-port Plan for Key Industries in Southern Xinjiang(No.2022DB011).
文摘Nanomaterials are extensively utilized in a multitude of sectors,but their propensity to aggregate can considerably diminish the efficacy of functional materials.A pivotal challenge in this domain is achieving a homogenous distribution of nanomaterials,which is essential for enhancing their performance while also reducing production costs.In this work,we achieve uniform and stable dispersion of various nano-materials through the confinement effect generated by the stereocomplex cross-linked network formed by the combination of poly(L-lactic)acid and poly(D-lactic)acid.The unique confinement effect of poly-lactic acid(PLA)isomers is universal and significantly enhances the dispersion of nanomaterials in both PLA solutions and films.To demonstrate the efficacy of our approach,we disperse aggregation-induced emission(AIE)molecules within PLA,which leads to the production of PLA films exhibiting improved fluorescence property.This work provides an effective solution for the preparation of nanocomposite ma-terials that are both high-performing and cost-efficient.
