Glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)is one of the discriminative biomarkers for diagnosing traumatic brain injury(TBI),and accurate determination of GFAP is clinically significant.In this study,a novel fluorescence i...Glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)is one of the discriminative biomarkers for diagnosing traumatic brain injury(TBI),and accurate determination of GFAP is clinically significant.In this study,a novel fluorescence immunoassay system was designed.We encapsulated carbon dots with a high fluorescence quantum yield(QY=92.5%)inside silicon nanocapsules to serve as fluorescent markers.These markers were then integrated with the streptavidin(SA)-biotin biomagnification system and immunomagnetic separation technology for the sensitive detection of GFAP.Based on the signal cascade amplification effect of the silicon nanocapsules and SA-biotin,the fluorescence signal of the SA-biotin-modified immunofluorescence nanocapsules increased 3.6-fold compared to the carbon dot-based immunoprobe.The fluorescence immunoassay system was constructed for GFAP using SA-biotin-modified immunocapsules as the sensing probe and immunomagnetic nanoparticles as the immunorecognition probe.The fluorescence immunoassay system can specifically and ultra-sensitively quantify GFAP in blood samples,with a detection range of 10 pg/mL–10 ng/mL and detection limits of 3.2 pg/mL(serum)and 3.6 pg/mL(plasma).Moreover,the fluorescence immunoassay system exhibited prominent recoveries of 99.4%–100.4%(phosphate buffered saline),96%–102.6%(serum),and 93.2%–110.2%(plasma),with favorable specificity and excellent stabilization.The novel fluorescence immunoassay system provides a new approach to the clinical analysis of GFAP and may serve as a potential tool for screening and diagnosing TBI.展开更多
As a renovator in the field of gene editing,CRISPR-Cas9 has demonstrated immense potential for advancing next-generation gene therapy owing to its simplicity and precision.However,this potential faces significant chal...As a renovator in the field of gene editing,CRISPR-Cas9 has demonstrated immense potential for advancing next-generation gene therapy owing to its simplicity and precision.However,this potential faces significant challenges primarily stemming from the difficulty in efficiently delivering large-sized genome editing system(including Cas9 protein and sgRNA)into targeted cells and spatiotemporally controlling their activity in vitro and in vivo.Therefore,the development of CRISPR/Cas9 nanovectors that integrate high loading capacity,efficient encapsulation and spatiotemporally-controlled release is highly desirable.Herein,we have engineered a near-infrared(NIR)light-activated upconversion-DNA nanocapsule for the remote control of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing.The light-responsive upconversion-DNA nanocapsules consist of macroporous silica(mSiO_(2))coated upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)and photocleavable onitrobenzyl-phosphate-modified DNA shells.The UCNPs act as a“nanotransducers”to convert NIR light(980 nm)into local ultraviolet light,thereby facilitating the cleavage of photosensitive DNA nanocapsules and enabling on-demand release of CRISPR-Cas9 encapsuled in the macroporous silica.Furthermore,by formulating a sgRNA targeted to a tumor gene(polo-like kinase-1,PLK-1),the CRISPR-Cas9 loaded UCNPDNA nanocapsules(crUCNP-DNA nanocapsules)have effectively suppressed the proliferation of tumor cells through NIR light-activated gene editing both in vitro and in vivo.Overall,this UCNP-DNA nanocapsule holds tremendous potential for CRISPR-Cas9 delivery and remote-controlled gene editing in deep tissues,as well as the treatment of diverse diseases.展开更多
The structure, magnetic and microwave-absorption properties of graphite-coated （Fe, Ni） alloy nanocapsules, synthesized by the arc-discharge method, have been studied. High-resolution transmission electron microscop...The structure, magnetic and microwave-absorption properties of graphite-coated （Fe, Ni） alloy nanocapsules, synthesized by the arc-discharge method, have been studied. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy shows that the nanocapsules have a core/shell structure with （Fe, Ni） alloy as the core and graphite as the shell. All （Fe, Ni） alloy nanocapsules/paraffin composites show good microwave-absorption properties. The optimal reflection loss （RL） was found for （Fe70Ni30）/C nanocapsules/paraffin composites, being -47.84 dB at 14.6 GHz for an absorber thickness of 1.99 mm, while the RL values exceeding -10 dB were found in the 12.4– 17.4 GHz range, which almost covers the Ku band （12.4–18 GHz）. For （Fe70Ni30）/C nanocapsules/paraffin composites, RL values can exceed -10 dB in the 11.4–18 GHz range with an absorber thickness of 1.91 mm, which cover the whole Ku band.展开更多
Carbonaceous materials have drawn much attention in potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) due to their low price and superior physicochemical properties. However, the application of carbonaceous materials in PIB anodes is hi...Carbonaceous materials have drawn much attention in potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) due to their low price and superior physicochemical properties. However, the application of carbonaceous materials in PIB anodes is hindered by sluggish kinetics and large volume expansion. Herein, N/S co-doped carbon nanocapsule (NSCN) is constructed for superior K+ storage. The NSCN possesses 3D nanocapsule framework with abundant meso/macropores, which guarantees structural robustness and accelerates ions/electrons transportation. The high-level N/S co-doping in carbon matrix not only generates ample defects and active sites for K+ adsorption, but also expands interlayer distance for facile K+ intercalation/deintercalation. As a result, the NSCN electrode delivers a high reversible capacity (408 mAh g^(−1) at 0.05 A g^(−1)), outstanding rate capability (149 mAh g^(−1) at 5 A g^(−1)) and favorable cycle stability (150m Ah g^(−1) at 2 A g^(−1) after 2000 cycles). Ex situ TEM, Raman and XPS measurements demonstrate the excellent stability and reversibility of NSCN electrode during potassiation/depotassiation process. This work provides inspiration for the optimization of energy storage materials by structure and doping engineering.展开更多
A robust solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)enabled by electrolyte additive is a promising approach to stabilize Li anode and improve Li cycling efficiency.However,the self-sacrificial nature of SEI forming additives li...A robust solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)enabled by electrolyte additive is a promising approach to stabilize Li anode and improve Li cycling efficiency.However,the self-sacrificial nature of SEI forming additives limits their capability to stabilize Li anode for long-term cycling.Herein,we demonstrate nanocapsules made from metal–organic frameworks for sustained release of LiNO3 as surface passivation additive in commercial carbonate-based electrolyte.The nanocapsules can offer over 10 times more LiNO3 than the solubility of LiNO3.Continuous supply of LiNO3 by nanocapsules forms a nitride-rich SEI layer on Li anode and persistently remedies SEI during prolonged cycling.As a result,lifespan of thin Li anode in 50μm,which experiences drastic volume change and repeated SEI formation during cycling,has been notably improved.By pairing with an industry-level thick LiCoO2 cathode,practical Li-metal full cell demonstrates a remarkable capacity retention of 90%after 240 cycles,in contrast to fast capacity drop after 60 cycles in LiNO3 saturated electrolyte.展开更多
Fragranced products are wildly used in our daily life. However, their storage, application and quality are severely influenced by their strong volatility. In order to overcome these natural defects of fragrances,fragr...Fragranced products are wildly used in our daily life. However, their storage, application and quality are severely influenced by their strong volatility. In order to overcome these natural defects of fragrances,fragrance encapsulation approaches have been developed recently. In this study, a mild, simple and lowcost method of fragrance encapsulation was invented. Liposomes composed of soya lecithin/DSPEPEG2000/PLGA were prepared to encapsulate lily fragrance(LF). And these nanosized fragrance products was named LF-NPs. The hydrodynamic diameters of LF-NPs were approximately 100 nm and their encapsulation efficiency was up to 21.9%. Besides, LF-NPs could also prolong the release time of lily fragrance. Finally, the cytotoxicity tests indicated that LF-NPs offered biocompatibility. Therefore, LF-NPs were expected to have application prospects.展开更多
The novel graphitic nanomaterial of metal graphitic nanocapsules(MGNs) with superior stability, unique optical properties and biocompatibility possess great potential in biomedical and bioanalytical applications. The ...The novel graphitic nanomaterial of metal graphitic nanocapsules(MGNs) with superior stability, unique optical properties and biocompatibility possess great potential in biomedical and bioanalytical applications. The graphitic shell can quench the background fluorescence interference from external environments via a fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET) process and even avoid unnecessary reactions catalyzed by inner metal core. The graphitic shell with several characteristic Raman bands itself can act as Raman signal probe or internal standard(IS), especially the 2D-band within the cellular Raman-silent region helps to reduce the interference signals from external conditions. The present context attempts to give a comprehensive overview about the preparation and unique properties of MGNs as well as their applications in SERS biodetection and bioimaging.展开更多
Structure and magnetic properties of Ni nanoparticles and Ni(C) nanocapsules were studied. The carbon atoms hardly affect the lattice of Ni to form Ni-C solid solution or nickel carbides. The large thermal irreversibi...Structure and magnetic properties of Ni nanoparticles and Ni(C) nanocapsules were studied. The carbon atoms hardly affect the lattice of Ni to form Ni-C solid solution or nickel carbides. The large thermal irreversibility in zero-field-cooled and zero-field magnetization curves indicates magnetic blocking with a wide energy barrier. Saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization and coercivity of Ni(C) nanocapsules decrease with increasing temperature.展开更多
Cr(III)ehydrolyzed polyacrylamide(HPAM)gels have been extensively studied as a promising strategy controlling waste water production for mature oilfields.However,the gelation time of the current technologies is not lo...Cr(III)ehydrolyzed polyacrylamide(HPAM)gels have been extensively studied as a promising strategy controlling waste water production for mature oilfields.However,the gelation time of the current technologies is not long enough for in-depth placement.In this study,we report a novel synthesis method to obtain chromium chloride/poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)nanocapsules which can significantly delay the gelation of HPAM through encapsulating the chromium chloride crosslinker.The chromium chloride-loaded nanocapsules(CreNC)are prepared via a facile inverse miniemulsion evaporation method during which the hydrophobic PMMA polymers,pre-dispersed in an organic solvent,were carefully controlled to precipitate onto stable aqueous miniemulsion droplets.The stable aqueous nanodroplets(W)containing Cr(III)are dispersed in a mixture of organic solvent(O1)with PMMA and nonsolvent medium(O2)to prepare an inverse miniemulsion.With the evaporation of the O1,PMMA forms CreNCs around the aqueous droplets.The CreNCs are readily transferred into water from the organic nonsolvent phase.The CreNCs exhibit the tunable size(358-983 nm),Cr loading(7.1%-19.1%),and Cr entrapment efficiency(11.7%-80.2%),with tunable zeta potentials in different PVA solutions.The CreNCs can delay release of Cr(III)and prolong the gelation time of HPAM up to 27 days.展开更多
Nanocapsules with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate （TEGDMA） as core material and polyurethane as wall material used for self-healing bonding resin were prepared by interfacial polycondensation in miniemulsion. The ...Nanocapsules with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate （TEGDMA） as core material and polyurethane as wall material used for self-healing bonding resin were prepared by interfacial polycondensation in miniemulsion. The influence of surfactant and costabilizer concentration on nanocapsules size and stability of nanocapsules was investigated. The size and its polydispersity of the nanocapsules were measured by light-scattering particle size analyzer. When the concentration of SDS were increased from 2.5wt% to 10wt%,the size decreases from 340.5 nm to 258.3 nm, PDI decreased from 0.210 to 0.111. As the concentration of HD increased, the size and PDI were both decreased, When reaching 10wt%,the size was 258.0 nm,PDI was 0.130. SDS and HD play important effect in synthesis of Nanocapsules containing TEGDMA.By changing the surfactant and costabilizer concentration it was possible to synthesize a wide variety of nanocapsules sizes. The performance and technical parameters of nanocapsules had been researched preliminarily, which built the solid foundation for the application to the self-repairing bonding resin.展开更多
The five-year survival rate for pancreatic cancer is less than 5%. However, the current clinical multimodal therapy combined with first-line chemotherapy drugs only increases the patient’s median survival from 5.0 mo...The five-year survival rate for pancreatic cancer is less than 5%. However, the current clinical multimodal therapy combined with first-line chemotherapy drugs only increases the patient’s median survival from 5.0 months to 7.2 months. Consequently, a new strategy of cancer treatments is urgently needed to overcome this high-fatality disease. Through a series of biometric analyses, we found that KRAS is highly expressed in the tumor of pancreatic cancer patients, and this high expression is closely related to the poor prognosis of patients. It shows that inhibiting the expression of KRAS has great potential in gene therapy for pancreatic cancer. Given those above, we have exploited the possibility of targeted delivery of KRAS shRNA with the intelligent and bio-responsive nanomedicine to detect the special oxidative stress microenvironment of cancer cells and realize efficient cancer theranostics. Our observations demonstrate that by designing the smart self-assembled nanocapsules of melanin with fluorescent nanoclusters we can readily achieve the bio-recognition and bioimaging of cancer cells in biological solution or serum.The self-assembled nanocapsules can make a significant bio-response to the oxidative stress microenvironment of cancer cells and generate fluorescent zinc oxide Nanoclusters in situ for targeted cell bioimaging. Moreover, it can also readily facilitate cancer cell suppression through the targeted delivery of KRAS shRNA and low-temperature hyperthermia. This raises the possibility to provide a promising theranostics platform and self-assembled nanomedicine for targeted cancer diagnostics and treatments through special oxidative stress-responsive effects of cancer cells.展开更多
Ag@Pt core-shell nanoparticles（Ag@Pt NPs） were prepared by a co-reduction method. Pt nanocapsules with diameters of less than 10 nm were obtained by an electrochemical method. Cyclic voltammetry（CV） scanning was u...Ag@Pt core-shell nanoparticles（Ag@Pt NPs） were prepared by a co-reduction method. Pt nanocapsules with diameters of less than 10 nm were obtained by an electrochemical method. Cyclic voltammetry（CV） scanning was used to cavitate the Ag@Pt NPs, and the morphology, structure, and cavitation conditions were studied. The results indicate that the effective cavitation conditions to obtain Pt nanoparticles from Ag@Pt NPs are a scanning voltage of 0 to 0.8 V and continuous CV scanning over 2 h. This cavitation method is also applicable for the syntheses of Ir, Ru, and Ru-Pt nanocapsules.展开更多
HIGHLIGHTS The formation of peptide nanocapsules is facilitated by a gradient interface,where the differential solvent concentration drives the peptides to preferentially localize and assemble.The peptide nanocapsules...HIGHLIGHTS The formation of peptide nanocapsules is facilitated by a gradient interface,where the differential solvent concentration drives the peptides to preferentially localize and assemble.The peptide nanocapsules,characterized by their hollow structures,demonstrated potential as carriers for targeted drug delivery.1 Introduction Peptide nanocapsules are a type of nanoscale delivery system that encapsulates active substances within a shell composed of peptides,leveraging the unique properties of peptides such as biocompatibility and biodegradability[1].Historically,the development of peptide nanocapsules was inspired primordially by the natural biological processes.展开更多
α-Fe(NiCoAl) solid-solution nanocapsules were prepared with pure powders of Fe, Ni, Co and Al by the plasma arc-discharging using a copper crucible. The shapes of the nanocapsules are in polyhedrons with the core/she...α-Fe(NiCoAl) solid-solution nanocapsules were prepared with pure powders of Fe, Ni, Co and Al by the plasma arc-discharging using a copper crucible. The shapes of the nanocapsules are in polyhedrons with the core/shell structure. The body centered cubic (BCC) phase is formed in the core. The size of the nanocapsules is in the range of 10-120 nm and the thickness of the shell is 4-11 nm. Saturation magnetization JS=150 Am2/kg and coercivity iHC=24.3 kA/m are achieved for the nanocapsules.展开更多
The Er Al2@Al2O3 nanocapsules with Er Al2core and Al2O3 shell were synthesized by modified arc-charge technique.The typical core-shell structure of the nanocapsules was confirmed by high resolution transmission electr...The Er Al2@Al2O3 nanocapsules with Er Al2core and Al2O3 shell were synthesized by modified arc-charge technique.The typical core-shell structure of the nanocapsules was confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Transmission electron microscopy analysis shows the irregular sphere of the nanocapules with an average diameter of 26 nm.Magnetic investigation revealed the Curie temperature of Er Al2@Al2O3 nanocapsules at 20 K and the typical superparamagnetic behavior between blocking temperature and Curie temperature.Based on the blocking temperature and average diameter,the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant of Er Al2@Al2O3nanocapsules was estimated to illustrate the magnetic contribution to the-SM.The large-SMof 14.25 J/（kg K）was obtained under 50 k Oe at 5 K.A vital parameter β was introduced in the present work to scale the optimized magnetic characteristics and the optimized mechanism was discussed in detail according to classical superparamagnetic theory.The results demonstrate that the optimal-SMwill be obtained when the magnetic parameter β is close to the theoretical coefficient.展开更多
The boron-oxide coated iron nanocapsules have been prepared by arc-discharge in a mixture of diborane and nitrogen,and then the boron-nitride coated iron nanocapsules by a subsequent annealing under a nitrogen atmosph...The boron-oxide coated iron nanocapsules have been prepared by arc-discharge in a mixture of diborane and nitrogen,and then the boron-nitride coated iron nanocapsules by a subsequent annealing under a nitrogen atmosphere at 1100 ℃.After the arc-discharge,the boron-oxide coated iron nanocapsules form,which show an amorphous surface layer of B2O3 （and/or B） and a core of γ-Fe,α-Fe,FeB phases.After being annealed,part of the α-Fe phase transforms to the γ-Fe phase,and the FeB phase decomposes while the BN phase forms.The BN shell structure formed in the BN encapsulating iron nanocapsules is incomplete.Magnetic properties of the boron-oxide coated and the boron-nitride coated iron nanocapsules were compared and discussed in terms of the particles sizes,the phase components,and the surface structures.展开更多
In this work,the antibacterial activity of cotton containing silver nanocapsules prepared by atmospheric pressure plasma(APP)deposition is investigated.The nanocapsules consist of a shell and a silver nanoparticle(Ag ...In this work,the antibacterial activity of cotton containing silver nanocapsules prepared by atmospheric pressure plasma(APP)deposition is investigated.The nanocapsules consist of a shell and a silver nanoparticle(Ag NP)core,where the core is used to bring antibacterial activity,and the shell is utilized to suppress the potential toxicity of Ag NPs.The surface morphology and the elements of the samples are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive x-ray and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The SEM results show that the skin of the cotton fibers will fall off gradually after APP treatment over 3 min,and the XPS results show that the Ag content will rise to 1.6%after APP deposition for 10 min.Furthermore,the antimicrobial activity tests show that the reduction rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus can achieve 100%when the sample is treated for 10 min,which exhibits excellent antibacterial activity.In addition,the UV absorption properties of the cotton will also be correspondingly improved,which brings a broader application prospect for antibacterial cotton.展开更多
A brief review on recent advances in the area of the magnetic nanocapsules is given. The most applicable nanoencapsulation procedures are introduced, which include： （1） physical techniques such as arc-discharge, ev...A brief review on recent advances in the area of the magnetic nanocapsules is given. The most applicable nanoencapsulation procedures are introduced, which include： （1） physical techniques such as arc-discharge, evaporating, etc.; （2） chemical techniques such as chemical vapor deposition, solid-state reactions, etc. The structure and magnetic properties of various nanocapsules with different core/shell structures are studied in details, for possibly applications in magnetic recording, magnetic refrigerator, magnetic fluids, superconductors and medicine.展开更多
Chitosan nanocapsules containing naproxen as an active ingredient were synthesized by ionic gelation method in presence of polyanion tripolyphosphate as a crosslinker. The morphology and diameter of the prepared chito...Chitosan nanocapsules containing naproxen as an active ingredient were synthesized by ionic gelation method in presence of polyanion tripolyphosphate as a crosslinker. The morphology and diameter of the prepared chitosan nanoparticles was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transition electron microscopy. Different factors affecting on the size diameter of chitosan nanoparticles such as stirring time and temperature, pH values as well as chitosan concentration were studied. Different factors affecting on the immobilization of naproxen into chitosan nanoparticles such as time, temperature and pH values were optimized. Synthesized naproxen/chitosan nanocapsules were assessed against both Gram positive bacterial strain such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative bacterial strain such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Also, the antifungal activity of the naproxen/chitosan nanocapsules against Saccharomyces cerevisiae was demonstrated. Super oxide dismutase like activity of naproxen/chitosan nanocapsules will be determined.展开更多
Porous silica nanocapsules with 20% 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS)-bound 6-carboxy-fluorescein (APS-fluorescein) and 80% APS molecules adsorbed on the surface
基金supported by the AMS Funding Project(No.ZZB2023C7010).
文摘Glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)is one of the discriminative biomarkers for diagnosing traumatic brain injury(TBI),and accurate determination of GFAP is clinically significant.In this study,a novel fluorescence immunoassay system was designed.We encapsulated carbon dots with a high fluorescence quantum yield(QY=92.5%)inside silicon nanocapsules to serve as fluorescent markers.These markers were then integrated with the streptavidin(SA)-biotin biomagnification system and immunomagnetic separation technology for the sensitive detection of GFAP.Based on the signal cascade amplification effect of the silicon nanocapsules and SA-biotin,the fluorescence signal of the SA-biotin-modified immunofluorescence nanocapsules increased 3.6-fold compared to the carbon dot-based immunoprobe.The fluorescence immunoassay system was constructed for GFAP using SA-biotin-modified immunocapsules as the sensing probe and immunomagnetic nanoparticles as the immunorecognition probe.The fluorescence immunoassay system can specifically and ultra-sensitively quantify GFAP in blood samples,with a detection range of 10 pg/mL–10 ng/mL and detection limits of 3.2 pg/mL(serum)and 3.6 pg/mL(plasma).Moreover,the fluorescence immunoassay system exhibited prominent recoveries of 99.4%–100.4%(phosphate buffered saline),96%–102.6%(serum),and 93.2%–110.2%(plasma),with favorable specificity and excellent stabilization.The novel fluorescence immunoassay system provides a new approach to the clinical analysis of GFAP and may serve as a potential tool for screening and diagnosing TBI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21804059 and 21701059)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20180974)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M681544)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.2020Z351)。
文摘As a renovator in the field of gene editing,CRISPR-Cas9 has demonstrated immense potential for advancing next-generation gene therapy owing to its simplicity and precision.However,this potential faces significant challenges primarily stemming from the difficulty in efficiently delivering large-sized genome editing system(including Cas9 protein and sgRNA)into targeted cells and spatiotemporally controlling their activity in vitro and in vivo.Therefore,the development of CRISPR/Cas9 nanovectors that integrate high loading capacity,efficient encapsulation and spatiotemporally-controlled release is highly desirable.Herein,we have engineered a near-infrared(NIR)light-activated upconversion-DNA nanocapsule for the remote control of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing.The light-responsive upconversion-DNA nanocapsules consist of macroporous silica(mSiO_(2))coated upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)and photocleavable onitrobenzyl-phosphate-modified DNA shells.The UCNPs act as a“nanotransducers”to convert NIR light(980 nm)into local ultraviolet light,thereby facilitating the cleavage of photosensitive DNA nanocapsules and enabling on-demand release of CRISPR-Cas9 encapsuled in the macroporous silica.Furthermore,by formulating a sgRNA targeted to a tumor gene(polo-like kinase-1,PLK-1),the CRISPR-Cas9 loaded UCNPDNA nanocapsules(crUCNP-DNA nanocapsules)have effectively suppressed the proliferation of tumor cells through NIR light-activated gene editing both in vitro and in vivo.Overall,this UCNP-DNA nanocapsule holds tremendous potential for CRISPR-Cas9 delivery and remote-controlled gene editing in deep tissues,as well as the treatment of diverse diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 50831006the National Major Fundamental Research Program(Grant No. 2010CB934603) of China, Ministry of Science and Technology China
文摘The structure, magnetic and microwave-absorption properties of graphite-coated （Fe, Ni） alloy nanocapsules, synthesized by the arc-discharge method, have been studied. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy shows that the nanocapsules have a core/shell structure with （Fe, Ni） alloy as the core and graphite as the shell. All （Fe, Ni） alloy nanocapsules/paraffin composites show good microwave-absorption properties. The optimal reflection loss （RL） was found for （Fe70Ni30）/C nanocapsules/paraffin composites, being -47.84 dB at 14.6 GHz for an absorber thickness of 1.99 mm, while the RL values exceeding -10 dB were found in the 12.4– 17.4 GHz range, which almost covers the Ku band （12.4–18 GHz）. For （Fe70Ni30）/C nanocapsules/paraffin composites, RL values can exceed -10 dB in the 11.4–18 GHz range with an absorber thickness of 1.91 mm, which cover the whole Ku band.
基金the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51872005,U1508201,52072002)。
文摘Carbonaceous materials have drawn much attention in potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) due to their low price and superior physicochemical properties. However, the application of carbonaceous materials in PIB anodes is hindered by sluggish kinetics and large volume expansion. Herein, N/S co-doped carbon nanocapsule (NSCN) is constructed for superior K+ storage. The NSCN possesses 3D nanocapsule framework with abundant meso/macropores, which guarantees structural robustness and accelerates ions/electrons transportation. The high-level N/S co-doping in carbon matrix not only generates ample defects and active sites for K+ adsorption, but also expands interlayer distance for facile K+ intercalation/deintercalation. As a result, the NSCN electrode delivers a high reversible capacity (408 mAh g^(−1) at 0.05 A g^(−1)), outstanding rate capability (149 mAh g^(−1) at 5 A g^(−1)) and favorable cycle stability (150m Ah g^(−1) at 2 A g^(−1) after 2000 cycles). Ex situ TEM, Raman and XPS measurements demonstrate the excellent stability and reversibility of NSCN electrode during potassiation/depotassiation process. This work provides inspiration for the optimization of energy storage materials by structure and doping engineering.
基金HBW acknowledges the funding support from“Hundred Talents Program”of Zhejiang University and International Joint Laboratory of Chinese Education Ministry on Resource Chemistry at Shanghai Normal University.
文摘A robust solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)enabled by electrolyte additive is a promising approach to stabilize Li anode and improve Li cycling efficiency.However,the self-sacrificial nature of SEI forming additives limits their capability to stabilize Li anode for long-term cycling.Herein,we demonstrate nanocapsules made from metal–organic frameworks for sustained release of LiNO3 as surface passivation additive in commercial carbonate-based electrolyte.The nanocapsules can offer over 10 times more LiNO3 than the solubility of LiNO3.Continuous supply of LiNO3 by nanocapsules forms a nitride-rich SEI layer on Li anode and persistently remedies SEI during prolonged cycling.As a result,lifespan of thin Li anode in 50μm,which experiences drastic volume change and repeated SEI formation during cycling,has been notably improved.By pairing with an industry-level thick LiCoO2 cathode,practical Li-metal full cell demonstrates a remarkable capacity retention of 90%after 240 cycles,in contrast to fast capacity drop after 60 cycles in LiNO3 saturated electrolyte.
基金financially supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program (No. 2016YFA0200303)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No. 2164071)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31522023,31771095, and 51573188)the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission(No. 2161100002616015)
文摘Fragranced products are wildly used in our daily life. However, their storage, application and quality are severely influenced by their strong volatility. In order to overcome these natural defects of fragrances,fragrance encapsulation approaches have been developed recently. In this study, a mild, simple and lowcost method of fragrance encapsulation was invented. Liposomes composed of soya lecithin/DSPEPEG2000/PLGA were prepared to encapsulate lily fragrance(LF). And these nanosized fragrance products was named LF-NPs. The hydrodynamic diameters of LF-NPs were approximately 100 nm and their encapsulation efficiency was up to 21.9%. Besides, LF-NPs could also prolong the release time of lily fragrance. Finally, the cytotoxicity tests indicated that LF-NPs offered biocompatibility. Therefore, LF-NPs were expected to have application prospects.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21522501)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2018JJ1007)Science and Technology Development Fund, Macao (No. 196/2017/A3)
文摘The novel graphitic nanomaterial of metal graphitic nanocapsules(MGNs) with superior stability, unique optical properties and biocompatibility possess great potential in biomedical and bioanalytical applications. The graphitic shell can quench the background fluorescence interference from external environments via a fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET) process and even avoid unnecessary reactions catalyzed by inner metal core. The graphitic shell with several characteristic Raman bands itself can act as Raman signal probe or internal standard(IS), especially the 2D-band within the cellular Raman-silent region helps to reduce the interference signals from external conditions. The present context attempts to give a comprehensive overview about the preparation and unique properties of MGNs as well as their applications in SERS biodetection and bioimaging.
文摘Structure and magnetic properties of Ni nanoparticles and Ni(C) nanocapsules were studied. The carbon atoms hardly affect the lattice of Ni to form Ni-C solid solution or nickel carbides. The large thermal irreversibility in zero-field-cooled and zero-field magnetization curves indicates magnetic blocking with a wide energy barrier. Saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization and coercivity of Ni(C) nanocapsules decrease with increasing temperature.
基金The authors were also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 52104057 and 52204041)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(grant number ZR2021QE106)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant number 2021M693506)during the writing of this paper at China University of Petroleum(East China).
文摘Cr(III)ehydrolyzed polyacrylamide(HPAM)gels have been extensively studied as a promising strategy controlling waste water production for mature oilfields.However,the gelation time of the current technologies is not long enough for in-depth placement.In this study,we report a novel synthesis method to obtain chromium chloride/poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)nanocapsules which can significantly delay the gelation of HPAM through encapsulating the chromium chloride crosslinker.The chromium chloride-loaded nanocapsules(CreNC)are prepared via a facile inverse miniemulsion evaporation method during which the hydrophobic PMMA polymers,pre-dispersed in an organic solvent,were carefully controlled to precipitate onto stable aqueous miniemulsion droplets.The stable aqueous nanodroplets(W)containing Cr(III)are dispersed in a mixture of organic solvent(O1)with PMMA and nonsolvent medium(O2)to prepare an inverse miniemulsion.With the evaporation of the O1,PMMA forms CreNCs around the aqueous droplets.The CreNCs are readily transferred into water from the organic nonsolvent phase.The CreNCs exhibit the tunable size(358-983 nm),Cr loading(7.1%-19.1%),and Cr entrapment efficiency(11.7%-80.2%),with tunable zeta potentials in different PVA solutions.The CreNCs can delay release of Cr(III)and prolong the gelation time of HPAM up to 27 days.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30672346)
文摘Nanocapsules with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate （TEGDMA） as core material and polyurethane as wall material used for self-healing bonding resin were prepared by interfacial polycondensation in miniemulsion. The influence of surfactant and costabilizer concentration on nanocapsules size and stability of nanocapsules was investigated. The size and its polydispersity of the nanocapsules were measured by light-scattering particle size analyzer. When the concentration of SDS were increased from 2.5wt% to 10wt%,the size decreases from 340.5 nm to 258.3 nm, PDI decreased from 0.210 to 0.111. As the concentration of HD increased, the size and PDI were both decreased, When reaching 10wt%,the size was 258.0 nm,PDI was 0.130. SDS and HD play important effect in synthesis of Nanocapsules containing TEGDMA.By changing the surfactant and costabilizer concentration it was possible to synthesize a wide variety of nanocapsules sizes. The performance and technical parameters of nanocapsules had been researched preliminarily, which built the solid foundation for the application to the self-repairing bonding resin.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82061148012, 82027806, 91753106)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFA0205300)+1 种基金the Primary Research & Development Plan of Jiangsu Province (No. BE2019716)the program of China Scholarships Council (No. 202006090323)。
文摘The five-year survival rate for pancreatic cancer is less than 5%. However, the current clinical multimodal therapy combined with first-line chemotherapy drugs only increases the patient’s median survival from 5.0 months to 7.2 months. Consequently, a new strategy of cancer treatments is urgently needed to overcome this high-fatality disease. Through a series of biometric analyses, we found that KRAS is highly expressed in the tumor of pancreatic cancer patients, and this high expression is closely related to the poor prognosis of patients. It shows that inhibiting the expression of KRAS has great potential in gene therapy for pancreatic cancer. Given those above, we have exploited the possibility of targeted delivery of KRAS shRNA with the intelligent and bio-responsive nanomedicine to detect the special oxidative stress microenvironment of cancer cells and realize efficient cancer theranostics. Our observations demonstrate that by designing the smart self-assembled nanocapsules of melanin with fluorescent nanoclusters we can readily achieve the bio-recognition and bioimaging of cancer cells in biological solution or serum.The self-assembled nanocapsules can make a significant bio-response to the oxidative stress microenvironment of cancer cells and generate fluorescent zinc oxide Nanoclusters in situ for targeted cell bioimaging. Moreover, it can also readily facilitate cancer cell suppression through the targeted delivery of KRAS shRNA and low-temperature hyperthermia. This raises the possibility to provide a promising theranostics platform and self-assembled nanomedicine for targeted cancer diagnostics and treatments through special oxidative stress-responsive effects of cancer cells.
基金The financial support by the National Basic Research and Development program of China(Grant No.2014GB120000)
文摘Ag@Pt core-shell nanoparticles（Ag@Pt NPs） were prepared by a co-reduction method. Pt nanocapsules with diameters of less than 10 nm were obtained by an electrochemical method. Cyclic voltammetry（CV） scanning was used to cavitate the Ag@Pt NPs, and the morphology, structure, and cavitation conditions were studied. The results indicate that the effective cavitation conditions to obtain Pt nanoparticles from Ag@Pt NPs are a scanning voltage of 0 to 0.8 V and continuous CV scanning over 2 h. This cavitation method is also applicable for the syntheses of Ir, Ru, and Ru-Pt nanocapsules.
文摘HIGHLIGHTS The formation of peptide nanocapsules is facilitated by a gradient interface,where the differential solvent concentration drives the peptides to preferentially localize and assemble.The peptide nanocapsules,characterized by their hollow structures,demonstrated potential as carriers for targeted drug delivery.1 Introduction Peptide nanocapsules are a type of nanoscale delivery system that encapsulates active substances within a shell composed of peptides,leveraging the unique properties of peptides such as biocompatibility and biodegradability[1].Historically,the development of peptide nanocapsules was inspired primordially by the natural biological processes.
文摘α-Fe(NiCoAl) solid-solution nanocapsules were prepared with pure powders of Fe, Ni, Co and Al by the plasma arc-discharging using a copper crucible. The shapes of the nanocapsules are in polyhedrons with the core/shell structure. The body centered cubic (BCC) phase is formed in the core. The size of the nanocapsules is in the range of 10-120 nm and the thickness of the shell is 4-11 nm. Saturation magnetization JS=150 Am2/kg and coercivity iHC=24.3 kA/m are achieved for the nanocapsules.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51271178,51571195,51331006,51590883)
文摘The Er Al2@Al2O3 nanocapsules with Er Al2core and Al2O3 shell were synthesized by modified arc-charge technique.The typical core-shell structure of the nanocapsules was confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Transmission electron microscopy analysis shows the irregular sphere of the nanocapules with an average diameter of 26 nm.Magnetic investigation revealed the Curie temperature of Er Al2@Al2O3 nanocapsules at 20 K and the typical superparamagnetic behavior between blocking temperature and Curie temperature.Based on the blocking temperature and average diameter,the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant of Er Al2@Al2O3nanocapsules was estimated to illustrate the magnetic contribution to the-SM.The large-SMof 14.25 J/（kg K）was obtained under 50 k Oe at 5 K.A vital parameter β was introduced in the present work to scale the optimized magnetic characteristics and the optimized mechanism was discussed in detail according to classical superparamagnetic theory.The results demonstrate that the optimal-SMwill be obtained when the magnetic parameter β is close to the theoretical coefficient.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (No. 2010CB934603) of ChinaMinistry of Science and Technology China+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.50831006the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province under Grant No. Y407172
文摘The boron-oxide coated iron nanocapsules have been prepared by arc-discharge in a mixture of diborane and nitrogen,and then the boron-nitride coated iron nanocapsules by a subsequent annealing under a nitrogen atmosphere at 1100 ℃.After the arc-discharge,the boron-oxide coated iron nanocapsules form,which show an amorphous surface layer of B2O3 （and/or B） and a core of γ-Fe,α-Fe,FeB phases.After being annealed,part of the α-Fe phase transforms to the γ-Fe phase,and the FeB phase decomposes while the BN phase forms.The BN shell structure formed in the BN encapsulating iron nanocapsules is incomplete.Magnetic properties of the boron-oxide coated and the boron-nitride coated iron nanocapsules were compared and discussed in terms of the particles sizes,the phase components,and the surface structures.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11975163 and 12175160)together with a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘In this work,the antibacterial activity of cotton containing silver nanocapsules prepared by atmospheric pressure plasma(APP)deposition is investigated.The nanocapsules consist of a shell and a silver nanoparticle(Ag NP)core,where the core is used to bring antibacterial activity,and the shell is utilized to suppress the potential toxicity of Ag NPs.The surface morphology and the elements of the samples are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive x-ray and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The SEM results show that the skin of the cotton fibers will fall off gradually after APP treatment over 3 min,and the XPS results show that the Ag content will rise to 1.6%after APP deposition for 10 min.Furthermore,the antimicrobial activity tests show that the reduction rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus can achieve 100%when the sample is treated for 10 min,which exhibits excellent antibacterial activity.In addition,the UV absorption properties of the cotton will also be correspondingly improved,which brings a broader application prospect for antibacterial cotton.
文摘A brief review on recent advances in the area of the magnetic nanocapsules is given. The most applicable nanoencapsulation procedures are introduced, which include： （1） physical techniques such as arc-discharge, evaporating, etc.; （2） chemical techniques such as chemical vapor deposition, solid-state reactions, etc. The structure and magnetic properties of various nanocapsules with different core/shell structures are studied in details, for possibly applications in magnetic recording, magnetic refrigerator, magnetic fluids, superconductors and medicine.
文摘Chitosan nanocapsules containing naproxen as an active ingredient were synthesized by ionic gelation method in presence of polyanion tripolyphosphate as a crosslinker. The morphology and diameter of the prepared chitosan nanoparticles was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transition electron microscopy. Different factors affecting on the size diameter of chitosan nanoparticles such as stirring time and temperature, pH values as well as chitosan concentration were studied. Different factors affecting on the immobilization of naproxen into chitosan nanoparticles such as time, temperature and pH values were optimized. Synthesized naproxen/chitosan nanocapsules were assessed against both Gram positive bacterial strain such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative bacterial strain such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Also, the antifungal activity of the naproxen/chitosan nanocapsules against Saccharomyces cerevisiae was demonstrated. Super oxide dismutase like activity of naproxen/chitosan nanocapsules will be determined.
基金supported by the Fujii-Otsuka International Scientific Exchange Fund from Tokushima University of Japan (795001002b)Furukawa Electronic Co., Ltd., and in part by NSFC (no. 30700151)+1 种基金Academic Innovation Incubation Program from UESTC (no. Y02018023601062)The data have been published in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (2009, 331: 507-513)
文摘Porous silica nanocapsules with 20% 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS)-bound 6-carboxy-fluorescein (APS-fluorescein) and 80% APS molecules adsorbed on the surface
