Municipal sewage treatment project is an intermediate link in municipal engineering construction, which has important practical significance in improving sewage treatment and use effect. Nano-catalytic electrolysis te...Municipal sewage treatment project is an intermediate link in municipal engineering construction, which has important practical significance in improving sewage treatment and use effect. Nano-catalytic electrolysis technology is a new type of sewage treatment technology, which plays an important role in municipal sewage treatment. In this paper, the status quo of municipal wastewater treatment is summarized, the application details of nano-catalytic electrolysis technology in municipal wastewater treatment are further analyzed, and the economic benefits are analyzed, which can provide a feasible reference for the promotion of new technology in municipal wastewater treatment.展开更多
Background Artificial insemination(AI)is a routine breeding technology in animal reproduction.Nevertheless,the temperature-sensitive nature and short fertile lifespan of ram sperm samples hamper its use in AI.In this ...Background Artificial insemination(AI)is a routine breeding technology in animal reproduction.Nevertheless,the temperature-sensitive nature and short fertile lifespan of ram sperm samples hamper its use in AI.In this sense,nanotechnology is an interesting tool to improve sperm protection due to the development of nanomaterials for AI,which could be used as delivery vehicles.In this work,we explored the feasibility of vitamin E nanoemulsion(NE)for improving sperm quality during transport.Results With the aim of evaluating this proposal,ejaculates of 7 mature rams of Manchega breed were collected by artificial vagina and extended to 60×10^(6)spz/mL in AndromedR.Samples containing control and NE(12 mmol/L)with and without exogenous oxidative stress(100μmol/L Fe2+/ascorbate)were stored at 22 and 15℃and motility(CASA),viability(YO-PRO/PI),acrosomal integrity(PNA-FITC/PI),mitochondrial membrane potential(Mitotracker Deep Red 633),lipoperoxidation(C11 BODIPY 581/591),intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and DNA status(SCSAR)monitored during 96 h.Our results show that NE could be used to maintain ram spermatozoa during transport at 15 and 22℃for up to 96 h,with no appreciable loss of kinematic and physiological characteristics of freshly collected samples.Conclusions The storage of ram spermatozoa in liquid form for 2-5 d with vitamin E nanoemulsions may lead more flexibility to breeders in AI programs.In view of the potential and high versatility of these nanodevices,further studies are being carried out to assess the proposed sperm preservation medium on fertility after artificial insemination.展开更多
The photocatalytic degradation on the bismuth containing complex oxide was revised in detail including the synthesis and classification of photocatalyts, and then the photocatalytic reaction, scavenger, and the mechan...The photocatalytic degradation on the bismuth containing complex oxide was revised in detail including the synthesis and classification of photocatalyts, and then the photocatalytic reaction, scavenger, and the mechanism of reaction. In particular, the perspectives of photocatalytic degradation on the bismuth containing oxide were analyzed in detail.展开更多
[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate enzymatic hydrolysis technology of glutinous rice and the oxidation resistance activity of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Method ] White glutinous rice was hydrolyzed...[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate enzymatic hydrolysis technology of glutinous rice and the oxidation resistance activity of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Method ] White glutinous rice was hydrolyzed using four kinds of proteases including neutral protease, alkaline protease, papain and trypsin. Using the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical （ ·OH） as an indicator and appropriate protease as hydrolytic enzyme, the effects of protein substrate concentration, enzyme dosage, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and initial pH on the abilities of proteases to scavenge hydroxyl radical from enzymatic hydrolysis solution of glutinous rice were investigated. Based on single-factor test, L9 （34） orthogonal experimental design was adopted, to determine the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis condi- tions leading to the highest oxidation resistance activity of enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Result] The optimized process parameters for enzymatic hydrolysis of glu- tinous rice protein with neutral protease were： protein substrate concentration of 2%, enzyme dosage of 24 000 U/g protein （protein meter）, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 55 ℃, initial pH of 8.0, and enzymatic hydrolysis duration of 0.5 h; under these conditions, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate could reach 56. 05% ; protein substrate concentration, enzyme dosage, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and initial pH had extremely significant effects on the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate. In addition, the activities of antioxidant peptides in glutinous rice hydrolysates were well maintained within a temperature range of 60 - 100℃. [Condusion] The study produced theoretical feasibility reference for the production of functional base powder by spray drying.展开更多
A three-terminal silicon-based light emitting device is proposed and fabricated in standard 0.35 μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. This device is capable of versatile working modes： it can emit ...A three-terminal silicon-based light emitting device is proposed and fabricated in standard 0.35 μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. This device is capable of versatile working modes： it can emit visible to near infra-red （NIR） light （the spectrum ranges from 500 nm to 1000 nm） in reverse bias avalanche breakdown mode with working voltage between 8.35 V-12 V and emit NIR light （the spectrum ranges from 900 nm to 1300 nm） in the forward injection mode with working voltage below 2 V. An apparent modulation effect on the light intensity from the polysilicon gate is observed in the forward injection mode. Furthermore, when the gate oxide is broken down, NIR light is emitted from the polysilicon/oxide/silicon structure. Optoelectronic characteristics of the device working in different modes are measured and compared. The mechanisms behind these different emissions are explored.展开更多
This article, for the first time, provides a novel advanced oxidation process based on sulfate radical （SO^4·-） to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater： microwave （MW）-activated persulfate oxidation （AP...This article, for the first time, provides a novel advanced oxidation process based on sulfate radical （SO^4·-） to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater： microwave （MW）-activated persulfate oxidation （APO） with or without active carbon （AC）. Azo dye acid Orange 7 （AO7） is used as a model compound to investigate the high reactivity of MW-APO. It is found that AO7 （up to 1000 mg/L） is completely decolorized within 5-7 min under an 800 W MW furnace assisted-APO. In the presence of chloride ion （up to 0.50 mol/L）, the decolorization is still 100% completed, though delayed for about 1-2 min. Experiments are made to examine the enhancement by AC. It is exciting to find that the 100% decolorization of AO7 （500 mg/L） is achieved within 3 min by MW-APO using 1.0 g/L AC as catalyst, while the degradation efficiency maintains at 50% by MW energy without persulfate after about 5 min. Besides the destruction of visible light chromophore band of AO7 （484 nm）, during MW-APO, two bands in the ultraviolet region （228 nm and 310 nm） are rapidly broken down. The removal of COD is about 83%-95% for 500 mg/L AO7. SO^4·- is identified with quenching studies using specific alcohols. Both SO^4·- and ·OH could degrade AO7, but SO^4·- plays the dominant role. In a word, MW-APO AC is a new catalytic combustion technology for destruction of organic contamination even for high concentration.展开更多
Changes are needed to improve the efficiency and lower the CO_(2)emissions of traditional coal-fired power generation,which is the main source of global CO_(2)emissions.The integrated gasification fuel cell(IGFC)proce...Changes are needed to improve the efficiency and lower the CO_(2)emissions of traditional coal-fired power generation,which is the main source of global CO_(2)emissions.The integrated gasification fuel cell(IGFC)process,which combines coal gasification and high-temperature fuel cells,was proposed in 2017 to improve the efficiency of coal-based power generation and reduce CO_(2)emissions.Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,the IGFC for nearzero CO_(2)emissions program was enacted with the goal of achieving near-zero CO_(2)emissions based on(1)catalytic combustion of the flue gas from solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)stacks and(2)CO_(2)conversion using solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs).In this work,we investigated a kW-level catalytic combustion burner and SOEC stack,evaluated the electrochemical performance of the SOEC stack in H2O electrolysis and H2O/CO_(2)co-electrolysis,and established a multiscale and multi-physical coupling simulation model of SOFCs and SOECs.The process developed in this work paves the way for the demonstration and deployment of IGFC technology in the future.展开更多
The electro-peroxone technology,a novel type of advanced oxidation technology,is widely used in wastewater treatment.Herein,this paper reviews the advantages and problems of the electro-peroxone technology compared wi...The electro-peroxone technology,a novel type of advanced oxidation technology,is widely used in wastewater treatment.Herein,this paper reviews the advantages and problems of the electro-peroxone technology compared with electrochemical oxidation technology,ozonation technology,and traditional peroxone technology.Due to the high kinetics of pollutant degradation,the electro-peroxone process can reduce the reaction time and energy consumption of pollutant treatment in wastewater.The electroperoxone technology can promote pollutant degradation and mineralization,which shows obvious synergistic effects of electrochemical oxidation and ozonation for wastewater treatment.Most importantly,the research mechanism of the electro-peroxone technology is systematically introduced from two aspects of cathode reaction and bulk reaction.The influence of experimental parameters on the wastewater treatment effect is also discussed.Finally,the potential applications and future research directions of the electro-peroxone technology in the wastewater field are proposed.The electro-peroxone process can offer a highly efficient and energy saving water treatment method to improve the performance of existing ozonation and electrochemical systems and has therefore become a promising electrochemical advanced oxidation process for wastewater treatment.展开更多
Pervoskite-type oxides LaFe_ 1-yCu_yO_3 was prepared by citrate method. Using a fluorescent Hg lamp as irradiator, the degradation experiments of acid red 3B were carried out in the suspension system of LaFe_ 1-yCu_yO...Pervoskite-type oxides LaFe_ 1-yCu_yO_3 was prepared by citrate method. Using a fluorescent Hg lamp as irradiator, the degradation experiments of acid red 3B were carried out in the suspension system of LaFe_ 1-yCu_yO_3. The results show that the doped oxides LaFe_ 1-yCu_yO_3 have good photocatalytic oxidation property. With the study of positron annihilation, its photocatalytic activity is mainly related with defect structures resulted by doping.展开更多
The structure-activity relationships for vinyl acetate catalytic oxidation are challenging to explore at the atomic scale due to the ambiguity of the structural defect types and sites of manganese oxides.Our work elab...The structure-activity relationships for vinyl acetate catalytic oxidation are challenging to explore at the atomic scale due to the ambiguity of the structural defect types and sites of manganese oxides.Our work elaborates,at the atomic level,through in-situ experimental and theoretical methods,the synergistic effects of two types of structural defect sites of Vo-e(edge-sharing oxygen)and Vo-c(corner-sharing oxygen)and MnO6 structural motifs of manganese oxides.Multi-dimensional manganese oxides,namely those with corner-connected MnOs structural motifs and Vo-c structural oxygen defect sites,significantly improved the activation of vinyl acetate.Enhancement of enol structure formation,acetate and formate intermediate species,and tautomerism between enol structure and acetaldehyde were detected when oxygen vacancies of manganese oxides were present in combination with corner/edge-connected MnO6.Moreover,the activation of chemical bonds and deep catalytic oxidation of vinyl acetate depend on the presence of a redox couple,surface oxygen species,and weakened Mn-O bonds.It provides a valuable notion for investigating and designing catalytic systems and reaction processes for the purpose of emission reduction and the management of environmental contaminants.展开更多
Nano-TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation was used to perform the advanced treatment of biologically treated chemical comprehensive wastewater. The effects of reaction time,nano-TiO2 dosage and initial p H of the wastewater ...Nano-TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation was used to perform the advanced treatment of biologically treated chemical comprehensive wastewater. The effects of reaction time,nano-TiO2 dosage and initial p H of the wastewater on the removal rate of COD were tested. The GC/MS and EEM techniques were used to qualitatively analyze organic compounds in the wastewater before and after treatment. The result showed that after the biologically treated chemical comprehensive wastewater was treated by nano-TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation under the conditions of reaction time 3 h,nano-TiO2 dosage 8 g/L,and pH 8. 0,the effluent COD was 61. 9 mg/L and its removal rate was 63. 8%. Additionally,the species of organic pollutants reduced from 12 to 6. Meanwhile,the content of humic-like and fulvic-like substances dropped dramatically.展开更多
Sustainability is the ability to nurture or support a process for a long time without compromising the needs of future generations. Rather, sustainable chemistry is a term that refers to the production of chemical pro...Sustainability is the ability to nurture or support a process for a long time without compromising the needs of future generations. Rather, sustainable chemistry is a term that refers to the production of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and production of hazardous substances. Green chemistry creates alternative technologies that are safer for human health and the environment to prevent further damage to human health and the environment, such as reducing the release of hazardous chemicals into the air, leading to reduced lung damage. Although sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies have evolved in other areas of science, their use in redox reactions and industry is still in its early stages. The current review aims to highlight the need for green chemistry as a sustainable chemistry and its principles and its application to produce environmentally friendly industrial products and to reduce or stop the production of harmful intermediates and products during its synthesis process.展开更多
Nanocluster formation of a metallic platinum (Pt) coating, on manganese oxide inorganic membranes impregnated with multiwall carbon nanotubes (K-OMS-2/MWCNTs), applied by reactive spray deposition technology (RSDT) is...Nanocluster formation of a metallic platinum (Pt) coating, on manganese oxide inorganic membranes impregnated with multiwall carbon nanotubes (K-OMS-2/MWCNTs), applied by reactive spray deposition technology (RSDT) is discussed. RSDT applies thin films of Pt nanoclusters on the substrate;the thickness of the film can be easily controlled. The K-OMS-2/MWCNTs fibers were enclosed by the thin film of Pt. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy/X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/XEDS), focus ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray 3D micro-tomography (MicroXCT) which have been used to characterize the resultant Pt/K-OMS-2/MWCNTs membrane. The non-destructive characterization technique (MicroXCT) resolves the Pt layer on the upper layer of the composite membrane and also shows that the membrane is composed of sheets superimposed into stacks. The nanostructured coating on the composite membrane material has been evaluated for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation. The functionalized Pt/K-OMS-2/MWCNTs membranes show excellent conversion (100%) of CO to CO2 at a lower temperature 200℃ compared to the uncoated K-OMS-2/MWCNTs. Moreover, the Pt/K-OMS-2/MWCNTs membranes show outstanding stability, of more than 4 days, for CO oxidation at 200℃.展开更多
InGaAs/AlGaAs MQW superluminescent LED(SLED) is fabricated by using pulsed anodic oxidation and molecular beam epitaxy(MBE).The power and spectral output characteristics of three kinds of device structures are investi...InGaAs/AlGaAs MQW superluminescent LED(SLED) is fabricated by using pulsed anodic oxidation and molecular beam epitaxy(MBE).The power and spectral output characteristics of three kinds of device structures are investigated.An output power above 10 mW with FWHM of 18 nm is demonstrated at a current of 150 mA.展开更多
Beginning from the industrial revolution,non-renewable fossil fuels have powered the population growth and economic expansion.However,the overdependence of such energy sources leads to serious eco-crisis and energy se...Beginning from the industrial revolution,non-renewable fossil fuels have powered the population growth and economic expansion.However,the overdependence of such energy sources leads to serious eco-crisis and energy security issues.As shown in Fig.1,the emissions of CO_(2) greenhouse gas are rising year by year because of the significant amount consumption of fossil energy[1].Searching sustainable energy technologies to achieve carbon neutrality has thus become an urgent task for the future of human society[2].As the most abundant and inexhaustible energy source,sunlight has brought dawn to the opportunities for a sustainable society.Owing to the diurnal and seasonal cycles,the solar energy has the intermittent character,which limits its applications.展开更多
文摘Municipal sewage treatment project is an intermediate link in municipal engineering construction, which has important practical significance in improving sewage treatment and use effect. Nano-catalytic electrolysis technology is a new type of sewage treatment technology, which plays an important role in municipal sewage treatment. In this paper, the status quo of municipal wastewater treatment is summarized, the application details of nano-catalytic electrolysis technology in municipal wastewater treatment are further analyzed, and the economic benefits are analyzed, which can provide a feasible reference for the promotion of new technology in municipal wastewater treatment.
基金the financial support,grants AGL2017-85603-P,PID2020-120281RB-100 and PID2020-117788RB-100 funded by MCIN/AEI/10,13039/501100011033grants SBPLY/21/180501/000111 and SBPLY/21/180501/000050 funded by JCCM by EU through Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional+1 种基金supported by a UCLM scholarshipsupported by a JCCM scholarship
文摘Background Artificial insemination(AI)is a routine breeding technology in animal reproduction.Nevertheless,the temperature-sensitive nature and short fertile lifespan of ram sperm samples hamper its use in AI.In this sense,nanotechnology is an interesting tool to improve sperm protection due to the development of nanomaterials for AI,which could be used as delivery vehicles.In this work,we explored the feasibility of vitamin E nanoemulsion(NE)for improving sperm quality during transport.Results With the aim of evaluating this proposal,ejaculates of 7 mature rams of Manchega breed were collected by artificial vagina and extended to 60×10^(6)spz/mL in AndromedR.Samples containing control and NE(12 mmol/L)with and without exogenous oxidative stress(100μmol/L Fe2+/ascorbate)were stored at 22 and 15℃and motility(CASA),viability(YO-PRO/PI),acrosomal integrity(PNA-FITC/PI),mitochondrial membrane potential(Mitotracker Deep Red 633),lipoperoxidation(C11 BODIPY 581/591),intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and DNA status(SCSAR)monitored during 96 h.Our results show that NE could be used to maintain ram spermatozoa during transport at 15 and 22℃for up to 96 h,with no appreciable loss of kinematic and physiological characteristics of freshly collected samples.Conclusions The storage of ram spermatozoa in liquid form for 2-5 d with vitamin E nanoemulsions may lead more flexibility to breeders in AI programs.In view of the potential and high versatility of these nanodevices,further studies are being carried out to assess the proposed sperm preservation medium on fertility after artificial insemination.
基金Supported by the Self-raised Project for the Basic Research for Application of Yunnan Province(2013FZ109)the Follow-up Project of Qujing Normal University for the National Natural Science Foundation(2106512005)+1 种基金the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project for College Students of Qujing Normal Universitythe Project for Innovation Team of the Applied Chemical Material Preparation of Qujing Normal University(2106531001)
文摘The photocatalytic degradation on the bismuth containing complex oxide was revised in detail including the synthesis and classification of photocatalyts, and then the photocatalytic reaction, scavenger, and the mechanism of reaction. In particular, the perspectives of photocatalytic degradation on the bismuth containing oxide were analyzed in detail.
基金Supported by Education Reform Project of Jiangxi Province(No.JXJG-20084-27)
文摘[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate enzymatic hydrolysis technology of glutinous rice and the oxidation resistance activity of the enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Method ] White glutinous rice was hydrolyzed using four kinds of proteases including neutral protease, alkaline protease, papain and trypsin. Using the scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical （ ·OH） as an indicator and appropriate protease as hydrolytic enzyme, the effects of protein substrate concentration, enzyme dosage, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and initial pH on the abilities of proteases to scavenge hydroxyl radical from enzymatic hydrolysis solution of glutinous rice were investigated. Based on single-factor test, L9 （34） orthogonal experimental design was adopted, to determine the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis condi- tions leading to the highest oxidation resistance activity of enzymatic hydrolysis solution. [ Result] The optimized process parameters for enzymatic hydrolysis of glu- tinous rice protein with neutral protease were： protein substrate concentration of 2%, enzyme dosage of 24 000 U/g protein （protein meter）, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 55 ℃, initial pH of 8.0, and enzymatic hydrolysis duration of 0.5 h; under these conditions, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate could reach 56. 05% ; protein substrate concentration, enzyme dosage, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and initial pH had extremely significant effects on the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate. In addition, the activities of antioxidant peptides in glutinous rice hydrolysates were well maintained within a temperature range of 60 - 100℃. [Condusion] The study produced theoretical feasibility reference for the production of functional base powder by spray drying.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.60536030,61036002,60776024,60877035 and 61036009)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2007AA04Z329 and 2007AA04Z254)
文摘A three-terminal silicon-based light emitting device is proposed and fabricated in standard 0.35 μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. This device is capable of versatile working modes： it can emit visible to near infra-red （NIR） light （the spectrum ranges from 500 nm to 1000 nm） in reverse bias avalanche breakdown mode with working voltage between 8.35 V-12 V and emit NIR light （the spectrum ranges from 900 nm to 1300 nm） in the forward injection mode with working voltage below 2 V. An apparent modulation effect on the light intensity from the polysilicon gate is observed in the forward injection mode. Furthermore, when the gate oxide is broken down, NIR light is emitted from the polysilicon/oxide/silicon structure. Optoelectronic characteristics of the device working in different modes are measured and compared. The mechanisms behind these different emissions are explored.
文摘This article, for the first time, provides a novel advanced oxidation process based on sulfate radical （SO^4·-） to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater： microwave （MW）-activated persulfate oxidation （APO） with or without active carbon （AC）. Azo dye acid Orange 7 （AO7） is used as a model compound to investigate the high reactivity of MW-APO. It is found that AO7 （up to 1000 mg/L） is completely decolorized within 5-7 min under an 800 W MW furnace assisted-APO. In the presence of chloride ion （up to 0.50 mol/L）, the decolorization is still 100% completed, though delayed for about 1-2 min. Experiments are made to examine the enhancement by AC. It is exciting to find that the 100% decolorization of AO7 （500 mg/L） is achieved within 3 min by MW-APO using 1.0 g/L AC as catalyst, while the degradation efficiency maintains at 50% by MW energy without persulfate after about 5 min. Besides the destruction of visible light chromophore band of AO7 （484 nm）, during MW-APO, two bands in the ultraviolet region （228 nm and 310 nm） are rapidly broken down. The removal of COD is about 83%-95% for 500 mg/L AO7. SO^4·- is identified with quenching studies using specific alcohols. Both SO^4·- and ·OH could degrade AO7, but SO^4·- plays the dominant role. In a word, MW-APO AC is a new catalytic combustion technology for destruction of organic contamination even for high concentration.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB0601904).
文摘Changes are needed to improve the efficiency and lower the CO_(2)emissions of traditional coal-fired power generation,which is the main source of global CO_(2)emissions.The integrated gasification fuel cell(IGFC)process,which combines coal gasification and high-temperature fuel cells,was proposed in 2017 to improve the efficiency of coal-based power generation and reduce CO_(2)emissions.Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,the IGFC for nearzero CO_(2)emissions program was enacted with the goal of achieving near-zero CO_(2)emissions based on(1)catalytic combustion of the flue gas from solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)stacks and(2)CO_(2)conversion using solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs).In this work,we investigated a kW-level catalytic combustion burner and SOEC stack,evaluated the electrochemical performance of the SOEC stack in H2O electrolysis and H2O/CO_(2)co-electrolysis,and established a multiscale and multi-physical coupling simulation model of SOFCs and SOECs.The process developed in this work paves the way for the demonstration and deployment of IGFC technology in the future.
基金the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21306175)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LGJ18E080001)+1 种基金the Project of Science and Technology Department of Jiashan(Nos.2020D02 and 2022A23)Zhejiang Province(No.2015C03017)。
文摘The electro-peroxone technology,a novel type of advanced oxidation technology,is widely used in wastewater treatment.Herein,this paper reviews the advantages and problems of the electro-peroxone technology compared with electrochemical oxidation technology,ozonation technology,and traditional peroxone technology.Due to the high kinetics of pollutant degradation,the electro-peroxone process can reduce the reaction time and energy consumption of pollutant treatment in wastewater.The electroperoxone technology can promote pollutant degradation and mineralization,which shows obvious synergistic effects of electrochemical oxidation and ozonation for wastewater treatment.Most importantly,the research mechanism of the electro-peroxone technology is systematically introduced from two aspects of cathode reaction and bulk reaction.The influence of experimental parameters on the wastewater treatment effect is also discussed.Finally,the potential applications and future research directions of the electro-peroxone technology in the wastewater field are proposed.The electro-peroxone process can offer a highly efficient and energy saving water treatment method to improve the performance of existing ozonation and electrochemical systems and has therefore become a promising electrochemical advanced oxidation process for wastewater treatment.
文摘Pervoskite-type oxides LaFe_ 1-yCu_yO_3 was prepared by citrate method. Using a fluorescent Hg lamp as irradiator, the degradation experiments of acid red 3B were carried out in the suspension system of LaFe_ 1-yCu_yO_3. The results show that the doped oxides LaFe_ 1-yCu_yO_3 have good photocatalytic oxidation property. With the study of positron annihilation, its photocatalytic activity is mainly related with defect structures resulted by doping.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22006079)the R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(No.KjzD20191443001)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0204203)the Project of Ningxia Key Research and Development Plan(No.2020BEB04009)National First-rate Discipline Construction Project of Ningxia(No.NXYLXK2017A04).
文摘The structure-activity relationships for vinyl acetate catalytic oxidation are challenging to explore at the atomic scale due to the ambiguity of the structural defect types and sites of manganese oxides.Our work elaborates,at the atomic level,through in-situ experimental and theoretical methods,the synergistic effects of two types of structural defect sites of Vo-e(edge-sharing oxygen)and Vo-c(corner-sharing oxygen)and MnO6 structural motifs of manganese oxides.Multi-dimensional manganese oxides,namely those with corner-connected MnOs structural motifs and Vo-c structural oxygen defect sites,significantly improved the activation of vinyl acetate.Enhancement of enol structure formation,acetate and formate intermediate species,and tautomerism between enol structure and acetaldehyde were detected when oxygen vacancies of manganese oxides were present in combination with corner/edge-connected MnO6.Moreover,the activation of chemical bonds and deep catalytic oxidation of vinyl acetate depend on the presence of a redox couple,surface oxygen species,and weakened Mn-O bonds.It provides a valuable notion for investigating and designing catalytic systems and reaction processes for the purpose of emission reduction and the management of environmental contaminants.
文摘Nano-TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation was used to perform the advanced treatment of biologically treated chemical comprehensive wastewater. The effects of reaction time,nano-TiO2 dosage and initial p H of the wastewater on the removal rate of COD were tested. The GC/MS and EEM techniques were used to qualitatively analyze organic compounds in the wastewater before and after treatment. The result showed that after the biologically treated chemical comprehensive wastewater was treated by nano-TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation under the conditions of reaction time 3 h,nano-TiO2 dosage 8 g/L,and pH 8. 0,the effluent COD was 61. 9 mg/L and its removal rate was 63. 8%. Additionally,the species of organic pollutants reduced from 12 to 6. Meanwhile,the content of humic-like and fulvic-like substances dropped dramatically.
文摘Sustainability is the ability to nurture or support a process for a long time without compromising the needs of future generations. Rather, sustainable chemistry is a term that refers to the production of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and production of hazardous substances. Green chemistry creates alternative technologies that are safer for human health and the environment to prevent further damage to human health and the environment, such as reducing the release of hazardous chemicals into the air, leading to reduced lung damage. Although sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies have evolved in other areas of science, their use in redox reactions and industry is still in its early stages. The current review aims to highlight the need for green chemistry as a sustainable chemistry and its principles and its application to produce environmentally friendly industrial products and to reduce or stop the production of harmful intermediates and products during its synthesis process.
文摘Nanocluster formation of a metallic platinum (Pt) coating, on manganese oxide inorganic membranes impregnated with multiwall carbon nanotubes (K-OMS-2/MWCNTs), applied by reactive spray deposition technology (RSDT) is discussed. RSDT applies thin films of Pt nanoclusters on the substrate;the thickness of the film can be easily controlled. The K-OMS-2/MWCNTs fibers were enclosed by the thin film of Pt. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy/X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/XEDS), focus ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray 3D micro-tomography (MicroXCT) which have been used to characterize the resultant Pt/K-OMS-2/MWCNTs membrane. The non-destructive characterization technique (MicroXCT) resolves the Pt layer on the upper layer of the composite membrane and also shows that the membrane is composed of sheets superimposed into stacks. The nanostructured coating on the composite membrane material has been evaluated for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation. The functionalized Pt/K-OMS-2/MWCNTs membranes show excellent conversion (100%) of CO to CO2 at a lower temperature 200℃ compared to the uncoated K-OMS-2/MWCNTs. Moreover, the Pt/K-OMS-2/MWCNTs membranes show outstanding stability, of more than 4 days, for CO oxidation at 200℃.
基金Sponsored by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(60474026,60477010)
文摘InGaAs/AlGaAs MQW superluminescent LED(SLED) is fabricated by using pulsed anodic oxidation and molecular beam epitaxy(MBE).The power and spectral output characteristics of three kinds of device structures are investigated.An output power above 10 mW with FWHM of 18 nm is demonstrated at a current of 150 mA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52202321)the Starting Research Funds of Hefei University of Technology.
文摘Beginning from the industrial revolution,non-renewable fossil fuels have powered the population growth and economic expansion.However,the overdependence of such energy sources leads to serious eco-crisis and energy security issues.As shown in Fig.1,the emissions of CO_(2) greenhouse gas are rising year by year because of the significant amount consumption of fossil energy[1].Searching sustainable energy technologies to achieve carbon neutrality has thus become an urgent task for the future of human society[2].As the most abundant and inexhaustible energy source,sunlight has brought dawn to the opportunities for a sustainable society.Owing to the diurnal and seasonal cycles,the solar energy has the intermittent character,which limits its applications.
基金supported by China national high-technology industrialized boosting plan(99-257)Emphasesresearch plan of science and technology of Yunnan ProvinceGovernment(97-023)emphases research plan of scienceand technology of Kunming City Government(98-016).
