Studies on composition and structure generate crucial information for characterizing plant communities and planning conservation actions.There are still substantial knowledge gaps in Brazilian protected areas,preventi...Studies on composition and structure generate crucial information for characterizing plant communities and planning conservation actions.There are still substantial knowledge gaps in Brazilian protected areas,preventing design programs to mitigate biodiversity loss.This is the case of the National Forest of Ipanema(Ipanema NAFO)in São Paulo state,Brazil,where plant diversity remains uncalculated.To help fill this gap,in 1-ha of a seasonal semideciduous forest(SSF)stand on the Araçoiaba hill,the authors sampled all woody stems with dbh≥5 cm in a total of 103 dead and 1,301 living plants representing 65 species,57 genera,and 31 families.The number of species and families was lower than old-growth SSF and,together with the land-use history,which suggests the community is a secondary stand.The initial species Guazuma ulmifolia,Machaerium stipitatum,Croton floribundus,and Aloysia virgata totalized 50%of the living stems,whereas 37%of the other species summed up only 1.8%.The high abundance of these initial species and the presence of the climax species Cariniana legalis,Holocayx balansae,Myroxylon peruiferum,Zanthoxylum caribaeum and others indicate that the community is in an intermediate to advanced successional stage.Three species are considered vulnerable to extinction and 27 of least concern.Ipanema NAFO is an important conservation unit,sheltering some plants vulnerable to extinction and others locally rare.This study adds to other few studies about the flora of Ipanema NAFO,helping to estimate its biodiversity and planning conservation actions.Additionally,it is a source for defining reference values for ecological restoration in the Atlantic forest.展开更多
Preparation for the Congress The Committee for the Organization of the 9th International Geological Congress(Vienna,1903),taking account of the views of a wide range of scientists,requested the organization of the 190...Preparation for the Congress The Committee for the Organization of the 9th International Geological Congress(Vienna,1903),taking account of the views of a wide range of scientists,requested the organization of the 1906 Congress by the geologists of the Instituto Geológico Nacional de México(IGN).The letter of invitation,dated 3 February 1903,was signed by the paleontologist Karl Dienner(1862–1928),Secretary General of the IGC.The meeting should have the mining engineer JoséGuadalupe Aguilera Serrano(1857–1941)as its President.The first requirement was the authorization of the dictator of Mexico,Joséde la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori(1830–1911),who had been in power since 1884(Anon.,1907).展开更多
文摘Studies on composition and structure generate crucial information for characterizing plant communities and planning conservation actions.There are still substantial knowledge gaps in Brazilian protected areas,preventing design programs to mitigate biodiversity loss.This is the case of the National Forest of Ipanema(Ipanema NAFO)in São Paulo state,Brazil,where plant diversity remains uncalculated.To help fill this gap,in 1-ha of a seasonal semideciduous forest(SSF)stand on the Araçoiaba hill,the authors sampled all woody stems with dbh≥5 cm in a total of 103 dead and 1,301 living plants representing 65 species,57 genera,and 31 families.The number of species and families was lower than old-growth SSF and,together with the land-use history,which suggests the community is a secondary stand.The initial species Guazuma ulmifolia,Machaerium stipitatum,Croton floribundus,and Aloysia virgata totalized 50%of the living stems,whereas 37%of the other species summed up only 1.8%.The high abundance of these initial species and the presence of the climax species Cariniana legalis,Holocayx balansae,Myroxylon peruiferum,Zanthoxylum caribaeum and others indicate that the community is in an intermediate to advanced successional stage.Three species are considered vulnerable to extinction and 27 of least concern.Ipanema NAFO is an important conservation unit,sheltering some plants vulnerable to extinction and others locally rare.This study adds to other few studies about the flora of Ipanema NAFO,helping to estimate its biodiversity and planning conservation actions.Additionally,it is a source for defining reference values for ecological restoration in the Atlantic forest.
文摘Preparation for the Congress The Committee for the Organization of the 9th International Geological Congress(Vienna,1903),taking account of the views of a wide range of scientists,requested the organization of the 1906 Congress by the geologists of the Instituto Geológico Nacional de México(IGN).The letter of invitation,dated 3 February 1903,was signed by the paleontologist Karl Dienner(1862–1928),Secretary General of the IGC.The meeting should have the mining engineer JoséGuadalupe Aguilera Serrano(1857–1941)as its President.The first requirement was the authorization of the dictator of Mexico,Joséde la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori(1830–1911),who had been in power since 1884(Anon.,1907).
