Satellite-based atmospheric sounding measurements with high spectral resolution or from hyperspectral infrared （IR） sounders are important global observations for improving weather forecasts through assimilating the...Satellite-based atmospheric sounding measurements with high spectral resolution or from hyperspectral infrared （IR） sounders are important global observations for improving weather forecasts through assimilating them into operational numerical weather prediction （NWP） systems.展开更多
Surface soil moisture has great impact on both meso-and microscale atmospheric processes,especially on severe local convection processes and on the dynamics of short-lived torrential rains.To promote the performance o...Surface soil moisture has great impact on both meso-and microscale atmospheric processes,especially on severe local convection processes and on the dynamics of short-lived torrential rains.To promote the performance of the land surface model (LSM) in surface soil moisture simulations,a hybrid hydrologic runoff parameterization scheme based upon the essential modeling theories of the Xin'anjiang model and Topography based hydrological Model (TOPMODEL) was developed in preference to the simple water balance model (SWB) in the Noah LSM.Using a strategy for coupling and integrating this modified Noah LSM to the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System (GRAPES) analogous to that used with the standard Noah LSM,a simulation of atmosphere-land surface interactions for a torrential event during 2007 in Shandong was attempted.The results suggested that the surface,10-cm depth soil moisture simulated by GRAPES using the modified hydrologic approach agrees well with the observations.Improvements from the simulated results were found,especially over eastern Shandong.The simulated results,compared with the products of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) soil moisture datasets,indicated a consistent spatial pattern over all of China.The temporal variation of surface soil moisture was validated with the data at an observation station,also demonstrated that GRAPES with modified Noah LSM exhibits a more reasonable response to precipitation events,even though biases and systematic trends may still exist.展开更多
Air pollution is an issue of great concern in any urban region due to its serious health implications.The capital of India,New Delhi continues to be in the list of most polluted cities since 2014.The air quality of an...Air pollution is an issue of great concern in any urban region due to its serious health implications.The capital of India,New Delhi continues to be in the list of most polluted cities since 2014.The air quality of any region depends on the ability of dispersion of air pollutants.The height or depth of the atmospheric boundary layer(ABL)is one measure of dispersion of air pollutants.Ventilation coefficient is another crucial parameter in determining the air quality of any region.Both of these parameters are obtained over Delhi from the operational global numerical weather prediction(NWP)model of National Centre for Medium Range Weather forecasting(NCMRWF)known as NCMRWF Unified Model(NCUM).The height of ABL over Delhi,is also obtained from radiosonde observations using the parcel method.A good agreement is found between the observed and predicted values of ABL height.The maximum height of ABL is obtained during summer season and minimum is obtained in winter season.High values of air pollutants are found when the values of ABL height and ventilation coefficient are low.展开更多
文摘Satellite-based atmospheric sounding measurements with high spectral resolution or from hyperspectral infrared （IR） sounders are important global observations for improving weather forecasts through assimilating them into operational numerical weather prediction （NWP） systems.
基金funded by the National BasicResearch Program of China (Grant No. 2010CB951404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40971024)CMA Special Meteorology Project (Grant No.GYHY200706001)
文摘Surface soil moisture has great impact on both meso-and microscale atmospheric processes,especially on severe local convection processes and on the dynamics of short-lived torrential rains.To promote the performance of the land surface model (LSM) in surface soil moisture simulations,a hybrid hydrologic runoff parameterization scheme based upon the essential modeling theories of the Xin'anjiang model and Topography based hydrological Model (TOPMODEL) was developed in preference to the simple water balance model (SWB) in the Noah LSM.Using a strategy for coupling and integrating this modified Noah LSM to the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System (GRAPES) analogous to that used with the standard Noah LSM,a simulation of atmosphere-land surface interactions for a torrential event during 2007 in Shandong was attempted.The results suggested that the surface,10-cm depth soil moisture simulated by GRAPES using the modified hydrologic approach agrees well with the observations.Improvements from the simulated results were found,especially over eastern Shandong.The simulated results,compared with the products of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) soil moisture datasets,indicated a consistent spatial pattern over all of China.The temporal variation of surface soil moisture was validated with the data at an observation station,also demonstrated that GRAPES with modified Noah LSM exhibits a more reasonable response to precipitation events,even though biases and systematic trends may still exist.
文摘Air pollution is an issue of great concern in any urban region due to its serious health implications.The capital of India,New Delhi continues to be in the list of most polluted cities since 2014.The air quality of any region depends on the ability of dispersion of air pollutants.The height or depth of the atmospheric boundary layer(ABL)is one measure of dispersion of air pollutants.Ventilation coefficient is another crucial parameter in determining the air quality of any region.Both of these parameters are obtained over Delhi from the operational global numerical weather prediction(NWP)model of National Centre for Medium Range Weather forecasting(NCMRWF)known as NCMRWF Unified Model(NCUM).The height of ABL over Delhi,is also obtained from radiosonde observations using the parcel method.A good agreement is found between the observed and predicted values of ABL height.The maximum height of ABL is obtained during summer season and minimum is obtained in winter season.High values of air pollutants are found when the values of ABL height and ventilation coefficient are low.
