Halide solid-state electrolytes have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity,making them promising candidates for future all-solid-state batteries.Recent studies have identifi...Halide solid-state electrolytes have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity,making them promising candidates for future all-solid-state batteries.Recent studies have identified numerous crystal structures with the Li_(3)MX_(6)composition,although many remain unexplored across various chemical systems.In this research,we developed a comprehensive method to examine all conceivable space groups and structures within theLi-M-X system,where M includes In,Ga,and La,and X includes F,Cl,Br,and 1.Our findings revealed two metastable structures:Li_(3)InF_(6)with P3c1 symmetry and Li_(3)InI_(6)with C2/c symmetry,exhibiting ionic conductivities of 0.55 and 2.18mS/cm at 300K,respectively.Notably,the trigonal symmetry of Li3InF6 demonstrates that high ionic conductivities are not limited to monoclinic structures but can also be achieved with trigonal symmetries.The electrochemical stability windows,mechanical properties,and reaction energies of these materials with known cathodes suggest their potential for use in all-solid-state batteries.Additionally,we predicted the stability of novel materials,including Li_(5)InCl_(8),Li_(5)InBr_(8),Li_(5)InI_(8),LiIn_(2)Cl_(9),LiIn_(2)Br_(9),and LiIn_(2)I_(9).展开更多
Background Undernutrition disrupts pregnant ewe's metabolic homeostasis and severely inhibits fetal growth and development.In this study,undernourished and nutrition-recovery pregnant sheep models and rumen epithe...Background Undernutrition disrupts pregnant ewe's metabolic homeostasis and severely inhibits fetal growth and development.In this study,undernourished and nutrition-recovery pregnant sheep models and rumen epithelial cells were utilized to investigate the mechanisms behind undernutrition-induced disruptions in male fetal rumen metabolism and development.Results Maternal undernutrition significantly reduced male fetal rumen weight and papilla length,width and surface area.Maternal undernutrition extremely suppressed nutrient metabolism and energy production in male fetal rumen via JAK3/STAT3 signaling to inhibit cell cycle progression and male fetal rumen development,while maternal nutritional recovery partially restored metabolic inhibition but failed to alleviate male fetal rumen development.Meanwhile,64 differentially expressed miRNAs(DEMs)were identified in male fetal rumen between undernourished ewes and controls.Novel miR-736 was overexpressed both in male fetal rumen of undernourished and nutrition-recovery models.E2F transcription factor 2(E2F2)and MYB proto-oncogene like 2(MYBL2)were the intersection of male fetal rumen differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and DEMs target genes integrated analysis and were predicted as novel miR-736 target genes.Further,we confirmed that novel miR-736 targeted and downregulated E2F2 and MYBL2 expression levels.Silencing E2F2 and MYBL2 promoted apoptosis and inhibited S-phase entry in rumen epithelial cells.Conclusions In summary,maternal undernutrition disrupted male fetal rumen metabolism and elevated novel miR-736,which targeted and downregulated E2F2 and MYBL2 to inhibit cell cycle progression and promote apoptosis,finally inhibited male fetal rumen development.This study provides new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying maternal undernutrition-induced male fetal rumen developmental deficits.展开更多
A high-speed train travelling from the open air into a narrow tunnel will cause the“sonic boom”at tunnel exit.When the maglev train’s speed reaches 600 km/h,the train-tunnel aerodynamic effect is intensified,so a n...A high-speed train travelling from the open air into a narrow tunnel will cause the“sonic boom”at tunnel exit.When the maglev train’s speed reaches 600 km/h,the train-tunnel aerodynamic effect is intensified,so a new mitigation method is urgently expected to be explored.This study proposed a novel asymptotic linear method(ALM)for micro pressure wave(MPW)mitigation to achieve a constant gradient of initial c ompression waves(ICWs),via a study with various open ratios on hoods.The properties of ICWs and MPWs under various open ratios of hoods were analyzed.The results show that as the open ratio increases,the MPW amplitude at the tunnel exit initially decreases before rising.At the open ratio of 2.28%,the slope of the ICW curve is linearly coincident with a supposed straight line in the ALM,which further reduces the MPW amplitude by 26.9%at 20 m and 20.0%at 50 m from the exit,as compared to the unvented hood.Therefore,the proposed method effectively mitigates MPW and quickly determines the upper limit of alleviation for the MPW amplitude at a fixed train-tunnel operation condition.All achievements provide a ne w potential measure for the adaptive design of tunnel hoods.展开更多
Background:The increasing incidence of cancers and infectious diseases worldwide presents a significant public health challenge that requires immediate intervention.Our strategy to tackle this issue involves the devel...Background:The increasing incidence of cancers and infectious diseases worldwide presents a significant public health challenge that requires immediate intervention.Our strategy to tackle this issue involves the development of pharmaceutical formulations that combine phytopolyphenols(P),targeted drugs(T),and metal ions(M),collectively referred to as PTM regimens.The diverse pharmacological properties of PTM regimens are hypothesized to effectively reduce the risk factors associated with both cancers and infectious diseases.Methods:The effects of the pharmaceutical agents on the proliferation of cultured cancer cells and pathogens were assessed after 72 h and 48 h,respectively,using the MTT(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide)assay and optical density at 600 nm(OD600).The synergistic effects of drug combinations were evaluated by combination index(CI),where CI<1 indicates synergism,CI=1 indicates addition,and CI>1 indicates antagonism.Efficacy index(EI)was also calculated.Assays of efflux pump ATPase activities were conducted using a colorimetric method.Results:This study evaluated the anticancer and antibacterial efficacy of PTM regimens that included phytopolyphenols(specifically curcumin(C)and green tea polyphenols(G)),repurposed drugs(memantine(Mem),thioridazine(TRZ),cisplatin(Cis),and 5-fluorouracil(5FU)),and ZnSO_(4)(Zn)across three cultured cancer cell lines and four cultured pathogens.The most effective regimens,GC·Mem·Zn and GC·TRZ·Zn,significantly enhanced the anticancer efficacy(EI)of cisplatin across the three cancer lines(OECM-1,A549 and DLD-1)by 7,11 and 21;7,9,and 17 fold,respectively,while the enhancements for 5-fluorouracil were 5,6 and 12;5,5 and 9 fold,respectively.Furthermore,these PTM regimens demonstrated substantial synergistic inhibition of Na^(+)-K^(+)-Mg^(2+)-ATPase and Mg^(2+)-ATPase in the cultured cancer cells,as well as a reduction in biofilm formation by the four cultured pathogens,suggesting their potential to address the challenges of multidrug resistance in cancers and infectious diseases.Conclusion:Given that all drugs incorporated in the PTM regimens have been clinically validated for safety and efficacy,particularly regarding their synergistic selective anticancer efficacy,inhibition of efflux pump ATPase,and antibiofilm formation of pathogens,these regimens may offer a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate the severe side effects and drug resistance typically associated with chemotherapeutic agents.Further preclinical and clinical investigations are warranted.展开更多
Laminarin oligosaccharides(LOSs)with a specific degree of polymerization prepared through the laminarin degradation via laminarinase present more significant nutritional functions and application values.Human intestin...Laminarin oligosaccharides(LOSs)with a specific degree of polymerization prepared through the laminarin degradation via laminarinase present more significant nutritional functions and application values.Human intestinal bacteria are promising potential producers of novel carbohydrate-active enzymes with unique properties.Here,a novel glycoside hydrolase family 128(GH128)laminarinase OUC-BsLam26 from the intestinal bacterium Bacteroides sp.CBA7301 was heterologously expressed and characterized.The recombinant OUC-BsLam26 with a molecular mass of 49.86 kDa exhibits highest activity(6.60 U/mg)at 45℃ and pH 6.0,which shows noticeable temperature and pH stability.The purified OUC-BsLam26 could degrade laminarin via an endo-type mode with the generation of laminaripentaose,laminaritetraose,laminaritriose,and laminaribiose,among them,laminaritetraose is the principal product,which accounts for 45.25% of the total products,which is significantly different from the reported GH128 laminarinases.The minimum recognition substrate of OUC-BsLam26 is laminarihexaose.Furthermore,OUC-BsLam26 also could catalyze the transglycosylation process with the production of some novel glycosides.Altogether,the intestinal bacterium Bacteroides sp.CBA7301 contains laminarinase with unique product composition and OUC-BsLam26 is a hopeful bio-catalyst with the potential to produce laminaritetraose and some novel glycosides.展开更多
This study analyzes Agatha Christie’s mystery novel And Then There Were None from five dimensions—the nursery rhyme,Soldier Island,role of characters,death and psychological interaction—to explore its multi-dimensi...This study analyzes Agatha Christie’s mystery novel And Then There Were None from five dimensions—the nursery rhyme,Soldier Island,role of characters,death and psychological interaction—to explore its multi-dimensional metaphors and their deeper connotations.The key findings reveal that the nursery rhyme serves as a narrative thread,symbolizing both a fate-driven trial and societal rules manipulating individual destinies;Soldier Island’s isolation mirrors moral problem and emotional detachment in modern society;the characters,linked to their crimes and deaths,embody universal human flaws;death acts as both a form of justice and a critique of civilization’s fragility;the psychological struggles among the characters expose the collapse of morality under survival crises.By decoding these interconnected metaphors,the study interprets the work’s thematic framework of Sin and Punishment,offering insights into tensions between societal norms and individual existence today.展开更多
Membrane desalination is an economical and energy-efficient method to meet the current worldwide water scarcity.However,state-of-the-art reverse osmosis membranes are gradually being replaced by novel membrane materia...Membrane desalination is an economical and energy-efficient method to meet the current worldwide water scarcity.However,state-of-the-art reverse osmosis membranes are gradually being replaced by novel membrane materials as a result of ongoing technological advancements.These novel materials possess intrinsic pore structures or can be assembled to form lamellar membrane channels for selective transport of water or solutes(e.g.,NaCl).Still,in real applications,the results fall below the theoretical predictions,and a few properties,including large-scale fabrication,mechanical strength,and chemical stability,also have an impact on the overall effectiveness of those materials.In view of this,we develop a new evaluation framework in the form of radar charts with five dimensions(i.e.,water permeance,water/NaCl selectivity,membrane cost,scale of development,and stability)to assess the advantages,disadvantages,and potential of state-of-the-art and newly developed desalination membranes.In this framework,the reported thin film nanocomposite membranes and membranes developed from novel materials were compared with the state-of-the-art thin film composite membranes.This review will demonstrate the current advancements in novel membrane materials and bridge the gap between different desalination membranes.In this review,we also point out the prospects and challenges of next-generation membranes for desalination applications.We believe that this comprehensive framework may be used as a future reference for designing next-generation desalination membranes and will encourage further research and development in the field of membrane technology,leading to new insights and advancements.展开更多
Bocapavovirus,a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae and the family Parvoviridae,is a small,non-enveloped,single-stranded DNA virus.This pathogen poses health risks to both humans and a...Bocapavovirus,a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae and the family Parvoviridae,is a small,non-enveloped,single-stranded DNA virus.This pathogen poses health risks to both humans and animals.The Bocaparvovirus genome.展开更多
Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer(CAR-NK)cell therapy is an alternative immunotherapy that provides robust tumor-eliminating effects without inducing life-threatening toxicities and graft-versus-host disease.CA...Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer(CAR-NK)cell therapy is an alternative immunotherapy that provides robust tumor-eliminating effects without inducing life-threatening toxicities and graft-versus-host disease.CAR-NK cell therapy has enabled the development of“off-the-shelf”products that bypass the lengthy and expensive cell manufacturing process1.展开更多
Cancer is a major threat to human health worldwide.Colorectal cancer(CRC),a highly prevalent malignant tumor,poses a significant public health challenge.Therefore,the identification of effective biomarkers is of great...Cancer is a major threat to human health worldwide.Colorectal cancer(CRC),a highly prevalent malignant tumor,poses a significant public health challenge.Therefore,the identification of effective biomarkers is of great significance[1].The NFKBIE gene encodes an inhibitor of nuclear factorκBε(IkBε).IκBε,a key regulator of the NF-κB signaling pathway,is closely associated with tumorigenesis.However,their roles in CRC remain unclear[2].Pan-cancer research is crucial for accelerating the identification of biomarkers and translational medical research,as it can reveal molecular commonalities and differences among different tumor types[3].展开更多
Cohort studies are important epidemiological methods to investigate associations between environmental factors,individual characteristics,and disease or other health outcomes.As a paradigm of cohort studies,the Framin...Cohort studies are important epidemiological methods to investigate associations between environmental factors,individual characteristics,and disease or other health outcomes.As a paradigm of cohort studies,the Framingham Heart Study(FHS)is the longest-running cardiovascular epidemiological study,starting in 1948.展开更多
Mobile health apps(MHAs)provide users with exercise support and dietary recommendations.They also suggest a wide range of novel foods.However,some users may face food neophobia,a reluctance to try unfamiliar foods,as ...Mobile health apps(MHAs)provide users with exercise support and dietary recommendations.They also suggest a wide range of novel foods.However,some users may face food neophobia,a reluctance to try unfamiliar foods,as well as the“omnivore’s paradox”.Optimizing the features that promote novel food acceptance among consumers is important for enhancing the operational performance of MHAs.Drawing on technology affordance theory and mind perception theory,this study examines how technology affordance affects consumers’acceptance of novel foods in MHAs.Using survey data from 422 MHA users,this study employed the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)analysis method.The findings reveal that MHAs’technology affordance positively impacts consumer perceptions of novel food characteristics and facilitates purchase decisions.Additionally,this study provides recommendations for improving the functioning of MHAs and online marketing efforts for novel foods.展开更多
Ligularia jaluensis is an important medicinal and ornamental plant in China.However,the viruses capable of infecting Ligularia jaluensis remains unknown.Here,we identified a novel carlavirus,tentatively named ligulari...Ligularia jaluensis is an important medicinal and ornamental plant in China.However,the viruses capable of infecting Ligularia jaluensis remains unknown.Here,we identified a novel carlavirus,tentatively named ligularia jaluensis carlavirus(LJCV),as well as a known iris severe mosaic virus(ISMV),in L.jaluensis plants displaying chlorosis and yellow ring spot symptoms,using RNA-seq analysis.The LJCV genome consists of an 8497 nt positive-sense,single-stranded RNA[excluding the poly(A)tail],and contains six open reading frames(ORFs).Phylogenetic analyses based on the fulllength genome and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp)amino acid(aa)sequences revealed that LJCV clusters within an evolutionary branch alongside known viruses in the Carlavirus genus.The RdRp protein encoded by ORF1 of LJCV shared 45.38%–67.41%identity with the corresponding proteins of eight closely related carlaviruses.ORFs 2–4 constitute the triple gene block(TGB),with TGBp1 and TGBp3 localized in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER),while TGBp2 is localized at plasmodesmata(PD)and facilitates viral intercellular movement,as demonstrated by its ability to complement the potato virus X with movement-deficient mutant(PVX-Δp25-GFP).Additionally,ORF6 encodes a cysteine-rich protein(CRP)that is localized in the chloroplast and functions as a viral pathogenicity factor,inducing severe viral symptoms in the heterologous PVX expression system.Furthermore,we successfully constructed an infectious cDNA clone of LJCV,and found that it can infect Nicotiana benthamiana plants through mechanical inoculation or agrobacterium-mediated infiltration of the LJCV infectious clone.These findings enhance our understanding of the characteristics and host range of carlaviruses,as well as the viruses capable of infecting L.jaluensis.展开更多
Myocardial infarction is a cardiovascular disease(CVD)with high morbidity and mortality,which can trigger a cascade of cardiac pathophysiological changes,including fibrosis,inflammation,ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI...Myocardial infarction is a cardiovascular disease(CVD)with high morbidity and mortality,which can trigger a cascade of cardiac pathophysiological changes,including fibrosis,inflammation,ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI),and ventricular remodeling,ultimately leading to heart failure(HF).While conventional pharmacological treatments and clinical reperfusion therapy may enhance short-term prognoses and emergency survival rates,both approaches have limitations and adverse effects.Natural products(NPs)are extensively utilized as therapeutics globally,with some demonstrating potentially favorable therapeutic effects in preclinical and clinical pharmacological studies,positioning them as potential alternatives to modern drugs.This review comprehensively elucidates the pathophysiological mechanisms during myocardial infarction and summarizes the mechanisms by which NPs exert cardiac beneficial effects.These include classical mechanisms such as inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress,alleviation of cardiomyocyte death,attenuation of cardiac fibrosis,improvement of angiogenesis,and emerging mechanisms such as cardiac metabolic regulation and histone modification.Furthermore,the review emphasizes the modulation by NPs of novel targets or signaling pathways in classical mechanisms,including other forms of regulated cell death(RCD),endothelial-mesenchymal transition,non-coding ribonucleic acids(ncRNAs)cascade,and endothelial progenitor cell(EPC)function.Additionally,NPs influencing a particular mechanism are categorized based on their chemical structure,and their relevance is discussed.Finally,the current limitations and prospects of NPs therapy are considered,highlighting their potential for use in myocardial infarction management and identifying issues that require urgent attention.展开更多
Dear editor,As of 2023,the domestic cat population in China reached 65 million,surpassing dogs to become the most numerous companion animal in the country.Feline calicivirus(FCV)infection,one of the three most prevale...Dear editor,As of 2023,the domestic cat population in China reached 65 million,surpassing dogs to become the most numerous companion animal in the country.Feline calicivirus(FCV)infection,one of the three most prevalent infectious diseases in cats,poses a severe threat to feline health.FCV,classified under the Caliciviridae family(genus Vesivirus).展开更多
One of the key components in high-tech products,such as semiconductors,electronic connectors,and lithium batteries,is the lead frame,made from metals like copper and its alloys,as well as aluminum and its alloys,with ...One of the key components in high-tech products,such as semiconductors,electronic connectors,and lithium batteries,is the lead frame,made from metals like copper and its alloys,as well as aluminum and its alloys,with thicknesses ranging from 0.02 mm to 0.8 mm.In manufacturing,butt-joint and overlap-joint welding are crucial for enhancing productivity and minimizing solid waste.However,existing welding technologies face challenges with these types of joints.To overcome this,a novel spot-welding process has been developed using an advanced welding torch with a dual-layer nozzle system,comprising an inner and outer nozzle.This design offers several advantages:it precisely positions the tungsten electrode,extends its lifespan,prevents molten metal from evaporating and re-entering the melt pool,and ensures arc plasma stability.Additionally,the outer nozzle plays a crucial role in controlling the shape of the arc plasma column,melt pool formation,and the size of the welded spot.By integrating both nozzles,this technology enables welding at an extremely short arc length and low current,ensuring minimal heat input while maintaining a high-stability arc plasma,making it ideal for welding ultra-thin metal sheets.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD)is a rare genetic disorder caused by motile cilia dysfunction.Identifying pathogenic variants is essential for diagnosis and personalized care,especially in consanguineous pop...BACKGROUND Primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD)is a rare genetic disorder caused by motile cilia dysfunction.Identifying pathogenic variants is essential for diagnosis and personalized care,especially in consanguineous populations like Saudi Arabia.CASE SUMMARY This report presents a Saudi pediatric patient diagnosed with PCD who exhibited persistent neonatal tachypnea,chronic productive cough,and recurrent otitis media.Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous nonsense variant in the C3orf67 gene(NM_198463.2:c.508C>T),resulting in a truncated,nonfunctional protein.This mutation likely impairs ciliary motility due to the production of a truncated,non-functional protein.The clinical findings were supported by multiple positive sputum cultures and a significant family history of similar symptoms,suggesting a genetic etiology consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of genetic studies in diagnosing PCD,particularly in communities with a high rate of consanguinity.The identification of a novel homozygous variant in the C3orf67 gene expands the known genetic landscape of the disease.Further research is essential to clarify the functional role of C3orf67 in ciliary biology and its contribution to PCD pathogenesis.展开更多
AIM:To detect and segregate causative mutations in congenital families with optic nerve hypoplasia(ONH).M E T H O D S:Two unrel a ted consanguineous Pakistani families with severe ONH,showing features of micropthalmia...AIM:To detect and segregate causative mutations in congenital families with optic nerve hypoplasia(ONH).M E T H O D S:Two unrel a ted consanguineous Pakistani families with severe ONH,showing features of micropthalmia,nystagmus,corneal opacity,and keratopathy were included.Genetic analysis was carried out by Target Panel Sequencing,and the nucleotide variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing.In silico analyses were carried out to study the protein order-disorder functions and their effects on messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA).RESULTS:Target panel sequencing revealed that the afflicted family members carried a novel frameshift mutation(NM_145178.4;c.91del G;p.Gly31Glyfs*55)that ensued in the conservation of an amino acid residue in the bHLH domain of ATOH7 protein.In silico studies predicted that the activity of the ATOH7 gene is probably affected by this mutation,which results in a shortened and nonfunctional protein.Three-dimensional structural analysis shows that DNA binding may be impacted by amino acid changes from non-polar to positively charged and vice versa(Arg42Pro and Pro18Arg),as well as from positively charged(Arg)to a small polar amino acid(Gly).CONCLUSION:A novel ATOH7 mutation is harmful.This study also emphasizes the potential effects of modified ATOH7 configurations on the stability and functionality of proteins.展开更多
基金supported by the Higher Education and Science Committee of Armenia in the frames of the research projects 20TTSG-2F010, 23AA-2F033 and ANSEF (EN-matsc-2660) grant.
文摘Halide solid-state electrolytes have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity,making them promising candidates for future all-solid-state batteries.Recent studies have identified numerous crystal structures with the Li_(3)MX_(6)composition,although many remain unexplored across various chemical systems.In this research,we developed a comprehensive method to examine all conceivable space groups and structures within theLi-M-X system,where M includes In,Ga,and La,and X includes F,Cl,Br,and 1.Our findings revealed two metastable structures:Li_(3)InF_(6)with P3c1 symmetry and Li_(3)InI_(6)with C2/c symmetry,exhibiting ionic conductivities of 0.55 and 2.18mS/cm at 300K,respectively.Notably,the trigonal symmetry of Li3InF6 demonstrates that high ionic conductivities are not limited to monoclinic structures but can also be achieved with trigonal symmetries.The electrochemical stability windows,mechanical properties,and reaction energies of these materials with known cathodes suggest their potential for use in all-solid-state batteries.Additionally,we predicted the stability of novel materials,including Li_(5)InCl_(8),Li_(5)InBr_(8),Li_(5)InI_(8),LiIn_(2)Cl_(9),LiIn_(2)Br_(9),and LiIn_(2)I_(9).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32402767)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1301102)+3 种基金Anhui Province Natural Science Foundation Youth Project(2308085QC104)AAU Introduction of High-level Talent Funds(RC392107)Key Laboratory of Utilization of Livestock and Forage Resources in Circum-Tarim Region(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(BSGJSYS202502)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-38)。
文摘Background Undernutrition disrupts pregnant ewe's metabolic homeostasis and severely inhibits fetal growth and development.In this study,undernourished and nutrition-recovery pregnant sheep models and rumen epithelial cells were utilized to investigate the mechanisms behind undernutrition-induced disruptions in male fetal rumen metabolism and development.Results Maternal undernutrition significantly reduced male fetal rumen weight and papilla length,width and surface area.Maternal undernutrition extremely suppressed nutrient metabolism and energy production in male fetal rumen via JAK3/STAT3 signaling to inhibit cell cycle progression and male fetal rumen development,while maternal nutritional recovery partially restored metabolic inhibition but failed to alleviate male fetal rumen development.Meanwhile,64 differentially expressed miRNAs(DEMs)were identified in male fetal rumen between undernourished ewes and controls.Novel miR-736 was overexpressed both in male fetal rumen of undernourished and nutrition-recovery models.E2F transcription factor 2(E2F2)and MYB proto-oncogene like 2(MYBL2)were the intersection of male fetal rumen differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and DEMs target genes integrated analysis and were predicted as novel miR-736 target genes.Further,we confirmed that novel miR-736 targeted and downregulated E2F2 and MYBL2 expression levels.Silencing E2F2 and MYBL2 promoted apoptosis and inhibited S-phase entry in rumen epithelial cells.Conclusions In summary,maternal undernutrition disrupted male fetal rumen metabolism and elevated novel miR-736,which targeted and downregulated E2F2 and MYBL2 to inhibit cell cycle progression and promote apoptosis,finally inhibited male fetal rumen development.This study provides new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying maternal undernutrition-induced male fetal rumen developmental deficits.
基金Project(24A0006)supported by the Key Project of Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Department of Education,ChinaProject(2024JJ5430)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProjects(2024JK2045,2023RC3061)supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,China。
文摘A high-speed train travelling from the open air into a narrow tunnel will cause the“sonic boom”at tunnel exit.When the maglev train’s speed reaches 600 km/h,the train-tunnel aerodynamic effect is intensified,so a new mitigation method is urgently expected to be explored.This study proposed a novel asymptotic linear method(ALM)for micro pressure wave(MPW)mitigation to achieve a constant gradient of initial c ompression waves(ICWs),via a study with various open ratios on hoods.The properties of ICWs and MPWs under various open ratios of hoods were analyzed.The results show that as the open ratio increases,the MPW amplitude at the tunnel exit initially decreases before rising.At the open ratio of 2.28%,the slope of the ICW curve is linearly coincident with a supposed straight line in the ALM,which further reduces the MPW amplitude by 26.9%at 20 m and 20.0%at 50 m from the exit,as compared to the unvented hood.Therefore,the proposed method effectively mitigates MPW and quickly determines the upper limit of alleviation for the MPW amplitude at a fixed train-tunnel operation condition.All achievements provide a ne w potential measure for the adaptive design of tunnel hoods.
文摘Background:The increasing incidence of cancers and infectious diseases worldwide presents a significant public health challenge that requires immediate intervention.Our strategy to tackle this issue involves the development of pharmaceutical formulations that combine phytopolyphenols(P),targeted drugs(T),and metal ions(M),collectively referred to as PTM regimens.The diverse pharmacological properties of PTM regimens are hypothesized to effectively reduce the risk factors associated with both cancers and infectious diseases.Methods:The effects of the pharmaceutical agents on the proliferation of cultured cancer cells and pathogens were assessed after 72 h and 48 h,respectively,using the MTT(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide)assay and optical density at 600 nm(OD600).The synergistic effects of drug combinations were evaluated by combination index(CI),where CI<1 indicates synergism,CI=1 indicates addition,and CI>1 indicates antagonism.Efficacy index(EI)was also calculated.Assays of efflux pump ATPase activities were conducted using a colorimetric method.Results:This study evaluated the anticancer and antibacterial efficacy of PTM regimens that included phytopolyphenols(specifically curcumin(C)and green tea polyphenols(G)),repurposed drugs(memantine(Mem),thioridazine(TRZ),cisplatin(Cis),and 5-fluorouracil(5FU)),and ZnSO_(4)(Zn)across three cultured cancer cell lines and four cultured pathogens.The most effective regimens,GC·Mem·Zn and GC·TRZ·Zn,significantly enhanced the anticancer efficacy(EI)of cisplatin across the three cancer lines(OECM-1,A549 and DLD-1)by 7,11 and 21;7,9,and 17 fold,respectively,while the enhancements for 5-fluorouracil were 5,6 and 12;5,5 and 9 fold,respectively.Furthermore,these PTM regimens demonstrated substantial synergistic inhibition of Na^(+)-K^(+)-Mg^(2+)-ATPase and Mg^(2+)-ATPase in the cultured cancer cells,as well as a reduction in biofilm formation by the four cultured pathogens,suggesting their potential to address the challenges of multidrug resistance in cancers and infectious diseases.Conclusion:Given that all drugs incorporated in the PTM regimens have been clinically validated for safety and efficacy,particularly regarding their synergistic selective anticancer efficacy,inhibition of efflux pump ATPase,and antibiofilm formation of pathogens,these regimens may offer a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate the severe side effects and drug resistance typically associated with chemotherapeutic agents.Further preclinical and clinical investigations are warranted.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072159)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(322QN338)+4 种基金Young Talent of Lifting Engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong,China(SDAST2021qt18)Qingdao Science and Technology Plan Key Research and Development Project(22-3-3-hygg-28-hy)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(202262003)Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(tsqn202312099)Support Program for Youth Innovation Technology in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province(2023KJ041)。
文摘Laminarin oligosaccharides(LOSs)with a specific degree of polymerization prepared through the laminarin degradation via laminarinase present more significant nutritional functions and application values.Human intestinal bacteria are promising potential producers of novel carbohydrate-active enzymes with unique properties.Here,a novel glycoside hydrolase family 128(GH128)laminarinase OUC-BsLam26 from the intestinal bacterium Bacteroides sp.CBA7301 was heterologously expressed and characterized.The recombinant OUC-BsLam26 with a molecular mass of 49.86 kDa exhibits highest activity(6.60 U/mg)at 45℃ and pH 6.0,which shows noticeable temperature and pH stability.The purified OUC-BsLam26 could degrade laminarin via an endo-type mode with the generation of laminaripentaose,laminaritetraose,laminaritriose,and laminaribiose,among them,laminaritetraose is the principal product,which accounts for 45.25% of the total products,which is significantly different from the reported GH128 laminarinases.The minimum recognition substrate of OUC-BsLam26 is laminarihexaose.Furthermore,OUC-BsLam26 also could catalyze the transglycosylation process with the production of some novel glycosides.Altogether,the intestinal bacterium Bacteroides sp.CBA7301 contains laminarinase with unique product composition and OUC-BsLam26 is a hopeful bio-catalyst with the potential to produce laminaritetraose and some novel glycosides.
文摘This study analyzes Agatha Christie’s mystery novel And Then There Were None from five dimensions—the nursery rhyme,Soldier Island,role of characters,death and psychological interaction—to explore its multi-dimensional metaphors and their deeper connotations.The key findings reveal that the nursery rhyme serves as a narrative thread,symbolizing both a fate-driven trial and societal rules manipulating individual destinies;Soldier Island’s isolation mirrors moral problem and emotional detachment in modern society;the characters,linked to their crimes and deaths,embody universal human flaws;death acts as both a form of justice and a critique of civilization’s fragility;the psychological struggles among the characters expose the collapse of morality under survival crises.By decoding these interconnected metaphors,the study interprets the work’s thematic framework of Sin and Punishment,offering insights into tensions between societal norms and individual existence today.
基金supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administration Region,China(SRFS2021-7S04)Partial support was also received from the Seed Funding for Strategic Interdisciplinary Research Scheme(102010174)+1 种基金Seed Fund for Basic Research(202111159075)of The University of Hong KongIn addition,part of this work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement INTELWAT(No 958454).
文摘Membrane desalination is an economical and energy-efficient method to meet the current worldwide water scarcity.However,state-of-the-art reverse osmosis membranes are gradually being replaced by novel membrane materials as a result of ongoing technological advancements.These novel materials possess intrinsic pore structures or can be assembled to form lamellar membrane channels for selective transport of water or solutes(e.g.,NaCl).Still,in real applications,the results fall below the theoretical predictions,and a few properties,including large-scale fabrication,mechanical strength,and chemical stability,also have an impact on the overall effectiveness of those materials.In view of this,we develop a new evaluation framework in the form of radar charts with five dimensions(i.e.,water permeance,water/NaCl selectivity,membrane cost,scale of development,and stability)to assess the advantages,disadvantages,and potential of state-of-the-art and newly developed desalination membranes.In this framework,the reported thin film nanocomposite membranes and membranes developed from novel materials were compared with the state-of-the-art thin film composite membranes.This review will demonstrate the current advancements in novel membrane materials and bridge the gap between different desalination membranes.In this review,we also point out the prospects and challenges of next-generation membranes for desalination applications.We believe that this comprehensive framework may be used as a future reference for designing next-generation desalination membranes and will encourage further research and development in the field of membrane technology,leading to new insights and advancements.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(2024NSFSC1272)the Innovation Team Development Funds for Sichuan Mutton Goat&Sheep,China(SCCXTD-2024-14)Scientific and Technological Innovation Team for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research in Southwest Minzu University,China(2024CXTD08)。
文摘Bocapavovirus,a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae and the family Parvoviridae,is a small,non-enveloped,single-stranded DNA virus.This pathogen poses health risks to both humans and animals.The Bocaparvovirus genome.
基金supported by grants from the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2023ZD0501300)Science Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2021C03117)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82350104 and 82170219)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.LY23H080004 and LY24H080001)Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission(Grant No.2021KY199)。
文摘Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer(CAR-NK)cell therapy is an alternative immunotherapy that provides robust tumor-eliminating effects without inducing life-threatening toxicities and graft-versus-host disease.CAR-NK cell therapy has enabled the development of“off-the-shelf”products that bypass the lengthy and expensive cell manufacturing process1.
基金supported by the Basic Research and Talent Cultivation Program of Zhangjiakou City(No.2511028A).
文摘Cancer is a major threat to human health worldwide.Colorectal cancer(CRC),a highly prevalent malignant tumor,poses a significant public health challenge.Therefore,the identification of effective biomarkers is of great significance[1].The NFKBIE gene encodes an inhibitor of nuclear factorκBε(IkBε).IκBε,a key regulator of the NF-κB signaling pathway,is closely associated with tumorigenesis.However,their roles in CRC remain unclear[2].Pan-cancer research is crucial for accelerating the identification of biomarkers and translational medical research,as it can reveal molecular commonalities and differences among different tumor types[3].
文摘Cohort studies are important epidemiological methods to investigate associations between environmental factors,individual characteristics,and disease or other health outcomes.As a paradigm of cohort studies,the Framingham Heart Study(FHS)is the longest-running cardiovascular epidemiological study,starting in 1948.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(Grant Nos.22VRC153,19BGL262)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.2023JGJC03).
文摘Mobile health apps(MHAs)provide users with exercise support and dietary recommendations.They also suggest a wide range of novel foods.However,some users may face food neophobia,a reluctance to try unfamiliar foods,as well as the“omnivore’s paradox”.Optimizing the features that promote novel food acceptance among consumers is important for enhancing the operational performance of MHAs.Drawing on technology affordance theory and mind perception theory,this study examines how technology affordance affects consumers’acceptance of novel foods in MHAs.Using survey data from 422 MHA users,this study employed the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)analysis method.The findings reveal that MHAs’technology affordance positively impacts consumer perceptions of novel food characteristics and facilitates purchase decisions.Additionally,this study provides recommendations for improving the functioning of MHAs and online marketing efforts for novel foods.
基金financially supported by the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(No.ZDYF2022XDNY240)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1401200).
文摘Ligularia jaluensis is an important medicinal and ornamental plant in China.However,the viruses capable of infecting Ligularia jaluensis remains unknown.Here,we identified a novel carlavirus,tentatively named ligularia jaluensis carlavirus(LJCV),as well as a known iris severe mosaic virus(ISMV),in L.jaluensis plants displaying chlorosis and yellow ring spot symptoms,using RNA-seq analysis.The LJCV genome consists of an 8497 nt positive-sense,single-stranded RNA[excluding the poly(A)tail],and contains six open reading frames(ORFs).Phylogenetic analyses based on the fulllength genome and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp)amino acid(aa)sequences revealed that LJCV clusters within an evolutionary branch alongside known viruses in the Carlavirus genus.The RdRp protein encoded by ORF1 of LJCV shared 45.38%–67.41%identity with the corresponding proteins of eight closely related carlaviruses.ORFs 2–4 constitute the triple gene block(TGB),with TGBp1 and TGBp3 localized in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER),while TGBp2 is localized at plasmodesmata(PD)and facilitates viral intercellular movement,as demonstrated by its ability to complement the potato virus X with movement-deficient mutant(PVX-Δp25-GFP).Additionally,ORF6 encodes a cysteine-rich protein(CRP)that is localized in the chloroplast and functions as a viral pathogenicity factor,inducing severe viral symptoms in the heterologous PVX expression system.Furthermore,we successfully constructed an infectious cDNA clone of LJCV,and found that it can infect Nicotiana benthamiana plants through mechanical inoculation or agrobacterium-mediated infiltration of the LJCV infectious clone.These findings enhance our understanding of the characteristics and host range of carlaviruses,as well as the viruses capable of infecting L.jaluensis.
基金supported by No. 82373870 from the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNo. 2022D01D50 from Xinjiang Natural Science Foundation
文摘Myocardial infarction is a cardiovascular disease(CVD)with high morbidity and mortality,which can trigger a cascade of cardiac pathophysiological changes,including fibrosis,inflammation,ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI),and ventricular remodeling,ultimately leading to heart failure(HF).While conventional pharmacological treatments and clinical reperfusion therapy may enhance short-term prognoses and emergency survival rates,both approaches have limitations and adverse effects.Natural products(NPs)are extensively utilized as therapeutics globally,with some demonstrating potentially favorable therapeutic effects in preclinical and clinical pharmacological studies,positioning them as potential alternatives to modern drugs.This review comprehensively elucidates the pathophysiological mechanisms during myocardial infarction and summarizes the mechanisms by which NPs exert cardiac beneficial effects.These include classical mechanisms such as inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress,alleviation of cardiomyocyte death,attenuation of cardiac fibrosis,improvement of angiogenesis,and emerging mechanisms such as cardiac metabolic regulation and histone modification.Furthermore,the review emphasizes the modulation by NPs of novel targets or signaling pathways in classical mechanisms,including other forms of regulated cell death(RCD),endothelial-mesenchymal transition,non-coding ribonucleic acids(ncRNAs)cascade,and endothelial progenitor cell(EPC)function.Additionally,NPs influencing a particular mechanism are categorized based on their chemical structure,and their relevance is discussed.Finally,the current limitations and prospects of NPs therapy are considered,highlighting their potential for use in myocardial infarction management and identifying issues that require urgent attention.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFD1800100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32272982)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.23ZR1477100).
文摘Dear editor,As of 2023,the domestic cat population in China reached 65 million,surpassing dogs to become the most numerous companion animal in the country.Feline calicivirus(FCV)infection,one of the three most prevalent infectious diseases in cats,poses a severe threat to feline health.FCV,classified under the Caliciviridae family(genus Vesivirus).
基金supported by the funding from the Hanoi University of Industry(DHCN-No.3).
文摘One of the key components in high-tech products,such as semiconductors,electronic connectors,and lithium batteries,is the lead frame,made from metals like copper and its alloys,as well as aluminum and its alloys,with thicknesses ranging from 0.02 mm to 0.8 mm.In manufacturing,butt-joint and overlap-joint welding are crucial for enhancing productivity and minimizing solid waste.However,existing welding technologies face challenges with these types of joints.To overcome this,a novel spot-welding process has been developed using an advanced welding torch with a dual-layer nozzle system,comprising an inner and outer nozzle.This design offers several advantages:it precisely positions the tungsten electrode,extends its lifespan,prevents molten metal from evaporating and re-entering the melt pool,and ensures arc plasma stability.Additionally,the outer nozzle plays a crucial role in controlling the shape of the arc plasma column,melt pool formation,and the size of the welded spot.By integrating both nozzles,this technology enables welding at an extremely short arc length and low current,ensuring minimal heat input while maintaining a high-stability arc plasma,making it ideal for welding ultra-thin metal sheets.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD)is a rare genetic disorder caused by motile cilia dysfunction.Identifying pathogenic variants is essential for diagnosis and personalized care,especially in consanguineous populations like Saudi Arabia.CASE SUMMARY This report presents a Saudi pediatric patient diagnosed with PCD who exhibited persistent neonatal tachypnea,chronic productive cough,and recurrent otitis media.Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous nonsense variant in the C3orf67 gene(NM_198463.2:c.508C>T),resulting in a truncated,nonfunctional protein.This mutation likely impairs ciliary motility due to the production of a truncated,non-functional protein.The clinical findings were supported by multiple positive sputum cultures and a significant family history of similar symptoms,suggesting a genetic etiology consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of genetic studies in diagnosing PCD,particularly in communities with a high rate of consanguinity.The identification of a novel homozygous variant in the C3orf67 gene expands the known genetic landscape of the disease.Further research is essential to clarify the functional role of C3orf67 in ciliary biology and its contribution to PCD pathogenesis.
文摘AIM:To detect and segregate causative mutations in congenital families with optic nerve hypoplasia(ONH).M E T H O D S:Two unrel a ted consanguineous Pakistani families with severe ONH,showing features of micropthalmia,nystagmus,corneal opacity,and keratopathy were included.Genetic analysis was carried out by Target Panel Sequencing,and the nucleotide variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing.In silico analyses were carried out to study the protein order-disorder functions and their effects on messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA).RESULTS:Target panel sequencing revealed that the afflicted family members carried a novel frameshift mutation(NM_145178.4;c.91del G;p.Gly31Glyfs*55)that ensued in the conservation of an amino acid residue in the bHLH domain of ATOH7 protein.In silico studies predicted that the activity of the ATOH7 gene is probably affected by this mutation,which results in a shortened and nonfunctional protein.Three-dimensional structural analysis shows that DNA binding may be impacted by amino acid changes from non-polar to positively charged and vice versa(Arg42Pro and Pro18Arg),as well as from positively charged(Arg)to a small polar amino acid(Gly).CONCLUSION:A novel ATOH7 mutation is harmful.This study also emphasizes the potential effects of modified ATOH7 configurations on the stability and functionality of proteins.
