Symbiosis between soybean and rhizobia contributes to soybean yield and quality. Although secreted rhizobial type Ⅲ effectors are known to regulate infection and promote nitrogen fixation, much about them remains unk...Symbiosis between soybean and rhizobia contributes to soybean yield and quality. Although secreted rhizobial type Ⅲ effectors are known to regulate infection and promote nitrogen fixation, much about them remains unknown. Mutation of NopC, a type Ⅲ effector from Sinorhizobium fredii HH103, reduced nodule numbers and dry weights in 310 soybean accessions, and expression of NopC in soybean hairy roots promoted symbiosis. Based on observed differences in nodule traits between Suinong 14 and Zyd 00,006inoculated with HH103 and the NopC mutant, 11 QTL associated with rhizobia were identified in chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs) derived from Suinong 14 and Zyd 00006. Using chromosome fragment insertion, whole-genome sequencing of Suinong 14 and Zyd 00006, and qRT-PCR,Glyma.19G176300(GmCRP) was identified as a candidate gene associated with NopC, and GmCRP was found to be induced by NopC to positively regulate nodulation. SNPs located in the regulatory regions of GmCRP influenced its expression response to NopC, with SNPs contributing to nodulation having been selected during domestication. Our findings reveal the function of a soybean gene encoding a rhizobial type Ⅲ effector that contributes to symbiosis, and will facilitate the practical application of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in molecular breeding.展开更多
The main objectives of this paper are to simul-taneously improve power system damping and to maintain voltage at the static var compensator(SVC)location bus simultaneously.A new controller for SVC with closed-form ana...The main objectives of this paper are to simul-taneously improve power system damping and to maintain voltage at the static var compensator(SVC)location bus simultaneously.A new controller for SVC with closed-form analytic solution nonlinear optimal predictive control(NOPC)law was presented.The controller does not require online optimization and the huge calculation burden can be avoided,so that the demand of real-time control can be sat-isfied.In addition,there are only two design parameters,which are the predictive period and control order;so it is easy to implement and test in practical use.Simulation results have shown that the controller can not only attenuate power system oscillation effectively but can also maintain voltage at the SVC bus location.展开更多
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M681072)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072014,U20A2027,and 31771882)‘Hundred-thousand and million project of Heilongjiang province for engineering and technology science’soybean breeding technology innovation and new cultivar breeding(2019ZX16B01).
文摘Symbiosis between soybean and rhizobia contributes to soybean yield and quality. Although secreted rhizobial type Ⅲ effectors are known to regulate infection and promote nitrogen fixation, much about them remains unknown. Mutation of NopC, a type Ⅲ effector from Sinorhizobium fredii HH103, reduced nodule numbers and dry weights in 310 soybean accessions, and expression of NopC in soybean hairy roots promoted symbiosis. Based on observed differences in nodule traits between Suinong 14 and Zyd 00,006inoculated with HH103 and the NopC mutant, 11 QTL associated with rhizobia were identified in chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs) derived from Suinong 14 and Zyd 00006. Using chromosome fragment insertion, whole-genome sequencing of Suinong 14 and Zyd 00006, and qRT-PCR,Glyma.19G176300(GmCRP) was identified as a candidate gene associated with NopC, and GmCRP was found to be induced by NopC to positively regulate nodulation. SNPs located in the regulatory regions of GmCRP influenced its expression response to NopC, with SNPs contributing to nodulation having been selected during domestication. Our findings reveal the function of a soybean gene encoding a rhizobial type Ⅲ effector that contributes to symbiosis, and will facilitate the practical application of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in molecular breeding.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50307007).
文摘The main objectives of this paper are to simul-taneously improve power system damping and to maintain voltage at the static var compensator(SVC)location bus simultaneously.A new controller for SVC with closed-form analytic solution nonlinear optimal predictive control(NOPC)law was presented.The controller does not require online optimization and the huge calculation burden can be avoided,so that the demand of real-time control can be sat-isfied.In addition,there are only two design parameters,which are the predictive period and control order;so it is easy to implement and test in practical use.Simulation results have shown that the controller can not only attenuate power system oscillation effectively but can also maintain voltage at the SVC bus location.
