This study investigated the impacts of spring runoff on the formation of halobenzoquinones(HBQs)and their correlation with common water quality parameters(WQPs)and aromatic amino acids(AAs)in source water.Source water...This study investigated the impacts of spring runoff on the formation of halobenzoquinones(HBQs)and their correlation with common water quality parameters(WQPs)and aromatic amino acids(AAs)in source water.Source water and treated water samples were collected at two drinking water treatment plants in 2021,2022,and 2023.HBQs and aromatic AAs were analyzed using solid phase extraction with high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methods.The only HBQs detected in treated water were 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone(DCBQ)and hydroxy–DCBQ(OH-DCBQ).The concentration of DCBQ was 3-4 times higher during spring runoff events than during non-spring-runoff periods,suggesting the impact of spring runoff on the formation of DCBQ.The DCBQ concentrations in finished water positively correlated with the color,dissolved organic carbon,total organic nitrogen,and specific ultraviolet absorbance WQPs of source water in 2021 and 2022.The temporal trend of the total aromatic AAs determined in source water was strongly and positively correlated to DCBQ in finished water.Finally,there was a significant positive correlation between the concentration of DCBQ determined immediately following the addition of chlorine and the presence of its transformation product,OH-DCBQ,in finished water.The results also showed that powdered activated carbon can remove some of the HBQ precursors in the sourcewater to reduce DCBQ formation.This study demonstrated that WQPs and aromatic AAs are useful indicators for the removal of precursors to reduce HBQ formation during drinking water treatment.展开更多
Quand les villages étaient petits, tout le monde se connaissait et il suffisait d’avoir un prénom ou un surnom. Au XVIe siècle, il est officiellement décidé d’ajouter un nom de famille : le ...Quand les villages étaient petits, tout le monde se connaissait et il suffisait d’avoir un prénom ou un surnom. Au XVIe siècle, il est officiellement décidé d’ajouter un nom de famille : le patronyme, transmis de génération en génération.Pour donner certains noms, on s’est inspiré: 1) du métier : Marc Boulanger, Jean-Paul Charpentier, Daniel Berger, Anne-Marie Marchand...2) des titres de noblesse : Paul Leduc, Martine Lecomte, Henri Leroy...展开更多
随着恶性肿瘤综合治疗的发展,发生脊柱转移的患者预期寿命延长,提高脊柱转移瘤的局部控制率成为临床关注的热点。立体定向放射治疗(stereotactic body radiotherapy,SBRT)是利用高度适形的放疗计划和图像引导技术,将根治性的放射剂量通...随着恶性肿瘤综合治疗的发展,发生脊柱转移的患者预期寿命延长,提高脊柱转移瘤的局部控制率成为临床关注的热点。立体定向放射治疗(stereotactic body radiotherapy,SBRT)是利用高度适形的放疗计划和图像引导技术,将根治性的放射剂量通过外照射的方式聚焦到肿瘤部位,达到消灭肿瘤的目的。目前越来越多SBRT技术用于脊柱转移瘤的治疗。为更好地治疗脊柱转移瘤,NOMS(neurologic,oncologic,mechanical,and systemic)决策框架的概念被引入临床实践中,它将立体定向放射治疗、分离手术、脊柱的稳定和常规分割放疗联合起来,为脊柱转移瘤提供最佳治疗策略。脊柱转移瘤SBRT,局控率高,副作用小,但是需要注意危及器官剂量的限制。该文对NOMS中关于脊柱转移瘤SBRT的一些建议进行解读,为临床肿瘤放射医师提供参考。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)Alberta Innovates,and the Canada Research Chairs Program.The authors acknowledge the support of the NSERC Postgraduate Doctoral Scholarship(NJPW),the Alberta Innovates Graduate Student Scholarship(KC),and the 75th Anniversary Graduate Student Award and the Graduate Student Recruitment Scholarship of the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry at the University of Alberta(KNMC).
文摘This study investigated the impacts of spring runoff on the formation of halobenzoquinones(HBQs)and their correlation with common water quality parameters(WQPs)and aromatic amino acids(AAs)in source water.Source water and treated water samples were collected at two drinking water treatment plants in 2021,2022,and 2023.HBQs and aromatic AAs were analyzed using solid phase extraction with high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methods.The only HBQs detected in treated water were 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone(DCBQ)and hydroxy–DCBQ(OH-DCBQ).The concentration of DCBQ was 3-4 times higher during spring runoff events than during non-spring-runoff periods,suggesting the impact of spring runoff on the formation of DCBQ.The DCBQ concentrations in finished water positively correlated with the color,dissolved organic carbon,total organic nitrogen,and specific ultraviolet absorbance WQPs of source water in 2021 and 2022.The temporal trend of the total aromatic AAs determined in source water was strongly and positively correlated to DCBQ in finished water.Finally,there was a significant positive correlation between the concentration of DCBQ determined immediately following the addition of chlorine and the presence of its transformation product,OH-DCBQ,in finished water.The results also showed that powdered activated carbon can remove some of the HBQ precursors in the sourcewater to reduce DCBQ formation.This study demonstrated that WQPs and aromatic AAs are useful indicators for the removal of precursors to reduce HBQ formation during drinking water treatment.
文摘Quand les villages étaient petits, tout le monde se connaissait et il suffisait d’avoir un prénom ou un surnom. Au XVIe siècle, il est officiellement décidé d’ajouter un nom de famille : le patronyme, transmis de génération en génération.Pour donner certains noms, on s’est inspiré: 1) du métier : Marc Boulanger, Jean-Paul Charpentier, Daniel Berger, Anne-Marie Marchand...2) des titres de noblesse : Paul Leduc, Martine Lecomte, Henri Leroy...
文摘随着恶性肿瘤综合治疗的发展,发生脊柱转移的患者预期寿命延长,提高脊柱转移瘤的局部控制率成为临床关注的热点。立体定向放射治疗(stereotactic body radiotherapy,SBRT)是利用高度适形的放疗计划和图像引导技术,将根治性的放射剂量通过外照射的方式聚焦到肿瘤部位,达到消灭肿瘤的目的。目前越来越多SBRT技术用于脊柱转移瘤的治疗。为更好地治疗脊柱转移瘤,NOMS(neurologic,oncologic,mechanical,and systemic)决策框架的概念被引入临床实践中,它将立体定向放射治疗、分离手术、脊柱的稳定和常规分割放疗联合起来,为脊柱转移瘤提供最佳治疗策略。脊柱转移瘤SBRT,局控率高,副作用小,但是需要注意危及器官剂量的限制。该文对NOMS中关于脊柱转移瘤SBRT的一些建议进行解读,为临床肿瘤放射医师提供参考。
