Gastrodin, the major component isolated from the rhizome of the Chinese traditional medicinal herb Gastrodia elata（‘‘Tianma＇＇）, has a long history in the treatment of epilepsy and other neurological disorders.Ho...Gastrodin, the major component isolated from the rhizome of the Chinese traditional medicinal herb Gastrodia elata（‘‘Tianma＇＇）, has a long history in the treatment of epilepsy and other neurological disorders.However, the molecular mechanisms are not clear. Here,we found that gastrodin ameliorated pentylenetetrazole（PTZ）-induced epileptic seizures with improvement of the electroencephalographic pattern in mice. Further studies demonstrated that gastrodin decreased the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1b and tumor necrosis factor-a while increasing interleukin-10, an antiinflammatory cytokine in the brain. Furthermore, gastrodin attenuated the PTZ-induced microglial activation along with inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases,c AMP response element binding protein, and NF-j B. Our data suggest that gastrodin attenuates seizures by modulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase-associated inflammatory responses.展开更多
本实验目的是研究肺炎链球菌r Dna J-△A146Ply融合蛋白引起小鼠巨噬细胞的免疫应答机制。原核表达r Dna J-△A146Ply重组蛋白,Ni+柱纯化后去除其内毒素。r Dna J-△A146Ply刺激小鼠来源腹腔巨噬细胞6 h后,提取细胞RNA,RT-PCR检测白细...本实验目的是研究肺炎链球菌r Dna J-△A146Ply融合蛋白引起小鼠巨噬细胞的免疫应答机制。原核表达r Dna J-△A146Ply重组蛋白,Ni+柱纯化后去除其内毒素。r Dna J-△A146Ply刺激小鼠来源腹腔巨噬细胞6 h后,提取细胞RNA,RT-PCR检测白细胞介素6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)m RNA表达水平。24 h后取细胞培养上清,ELISA检测IL-6和TNF-α蛋白表达水平。信号通路抑制剂预处理腹腔巨噬细胞1 h后加蛋白刺激,ELISA检测上清中IL-6、TNF-α蛋白表达水平抑制情况。取不同时间点处理的细胞进行免疫印迹(Western Blot),检测p-Akt和p-NF-κB表达水平。制备获得纯度90%以上、内毒素含量小于0.1 EU/μg的r Dna J-△A146Ply融合蛋白;r Dna J-△A146Ply可刺激腹腔巨噬细胞IL-6、TNF-αm RNA及蛋白水平表达明显上调、增强Akt和NF-κB磷酸化;Akt和NF-κB抑制剂可显著减少IL-6和TNF-α表达。因此,r Dna J-△A146Ply融合蛋白通过Akt和NF-κB信号通路刺激巨噬细胞诱导免疫应答。展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI) is a devastating traumatic injury that causes persistent, severe motor and sensory dysfunction. Immune responses are involved in functional recovery after SCI. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue...Spinal cord injury(SCI) is a devastating traumatic injury that causes persistent, severe motor and sensory dysfunction. Immune responses are involved in functional recovery after SCI. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation 1(MALT1) has been shown to regulate the survival and differentiation of immune cells and to play a critical role in many diseases, but its function in lesion recovery after SCI remains unclear. In this paper, we generated KI(knock in) mice with a point mutation(C472 G) in the active center of MALT1 and found that the KI mice exhibited improved functional recovery after SCI.Fewer macrophages were recruited to the injury site in KI mice and these macrophages differentiated into anti-inflammatory macrophages. Moreover, macrophages from KI mice exhibited reduced phosphorylation of p65, which in turn resulted in decreased SOCS3 expression and increased pSTAT6 levels.Similar results were obtained upon inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase with the small molecule inhibitor‘‘MI-2' or the more specific inhibitor ‘‘MLT-827'. In patients with SCI, peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) displayed increased MALT1 paracaspase. Human macrophages showed reduced proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory characteristics following the inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase. These findings suggest that inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase activity in the clinic may improve lesion recovery in subjects with SCI.展开更多
文摘Gastrodin, the major component isolated from the rhizome of the Chinese traditional medicinal herb Gastrodia elata（‘‘Tianma＇＇）, has a long history in the treatment of epilepsy and other neurological disorders.However, the molecular mechanisms are not clear. Here,we found that gastrodin ameliorated pentylenetetrazole（PTZ）-induced epileptic seizures with improvement of the electroencephalographic pattern in mice. Further studies demonstrated that gastrodin decreased the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1b and tumor necrosis factor-a while increasing interleukin-10, an antiinflammatory cytokine in the brain. Furthermore, gastrodin attenuated the PTZ-induced microglial activation along with inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases,c AMP response element binding protein, and NF-j B. Our data suggest that gastrodin attenuates seizures by modulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase-associated inflammatory responses.
文摘本实验目的是研究肺炎链球菌r Dna J-△A146Ply融合蛋白引起小鼠巨噬细胞的免疫应答机制。原核表达r Dna J-△A146Ply重组蛋白,Ni+柱纯化后去除其内毒素。r Dna J-△A146Ply刺激小鼠来源腹腔巨噬细胞6 h后,提取细胞RNA,RT-PCR检测白细胞介素6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)m RNA表达水平。24 h后取细胞培养上清,ELISA检测IL-6和TNF-α蛋白表达水平。信号通路抑制剂预处理腹腔巨噬细胞1 h后加蛋白刺激,ELISA检测上清中IL-6、TNF-α蛋白表达水平抑制情况。取不同时间点处理的细胞进行免疫印迹(Western Blot),检测p-Akt和p-NF-κB表达水平。制备获得纯度90%以上、内毒素含量小于0.1 EU/μg的r Dna J-△A146Ply融合蛋白;r Dna J-△A146Ply可刺激腹腔巨噬细胞IL-6、TNF-αm RNA及蛋白水平表达明显上调、增强Akt和NF-κB磷酸化;Akt和NF-κB抑制剂可显著减少IL-6和TNF-α表达。因此,r Dna J-△A146Ply融合蛋白通过Akt和NF-κB信号通路刺激巨噬细胞诱导免疫应答。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31470872 to YG and 31400770 to ZY)the ‘‘111” project (B16021 to YG and ZY)+5 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (201604020162 to YG)Science & Technology Planning and Key Technology Innovation Projects of Guangdong (201803010001 to ZL)the National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong (2018A030313576 to GS)Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong (20181071 to JH)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31800721 to QW)Medical and Health Development Plan of Shandong Province (2017WS446 to LZ)
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI) is a devastating traumatic injury that causes persistent, severe motor and sensory dysfunction. Immune responses are involved in functional recovery after SCI. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation 1(MALT1) has been shown to regulate the survival and differentiation of immune cells and to play a critical role in many diseases, but its function in lesion recovery after SCI remains unclear. In this paper, we generated KI(knock in) mice with a point mutation(C472 G) in the active center of MALT1 and found that the KI mice exhibited improved functional recovery after SCI.Fewer macrophages were recruited to the injury site in KI mice and these macrophages differentiated into anti-inflammatory macrophages. Moreover, macrophages from KI mice exhibited reduced phosphorylation of p65, which in turn resulted in decreased SOCS3 expression and increased pSTAT6 levels.Similar results were obtained upon inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase with the small molecule inhibitor‘‘MI-2' or the more specific inhibitor ‘‘MLT-827'. In patients with SCI, peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) displayed increased MALT1 paracaspase. Human macrophages showed reduced proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory characteristics following the inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase. These findings suggest that inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase activity in the clinic may improve lesion recovery in subjects with SCI.
