非酒精性脂肪性肝病(Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)包括一系列的肝脏表现,从肝脏脂肪变性开始,可能演变为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH)、纤维化、肝硬化甚至肝细胞癌(Hepatocellular carcinom...非酒精性脂肪性肝病(Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)包括一系列的肝脏表现,从肝脏脂肪变性开始,可能演变为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH)、纤维化、肝硬化甚至肝细胞癌(Hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)。其发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。尽管NAFLD是一种与代谢紊乱相关的疾病,但它也涉及多种免疫细胞介导的炎症过程。多种免疫细胞通过分泌促炎或抗炎因子来促进或抑制肝细胞炎症,从而影响NAFLD进程。T细胞作为适应性免疫中重要的一环,包括多种淋巴细胞亚群,在NAFLD的进展中发挥着关键作用。本文综述了T淋巴细胞亚群在NAFLD发病机制中的作用,以期为非酒精性脂肪性肝病的药物干预提供新策略。Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a series of liver manifestations. Starting from hepatic steatosis, it may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence of NAFLD is on the rise globally. Although NAFLD is a disease concerning metabolic disorders, it also involves various inflammatory processes mediated by immune cells. Various immune cells promote or inhibit liver cell inflammation by secreting pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory factors to influence the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). T cells, as an important part of adaptive immunity, include multiple lymphocyte subsets and play a crucial role in the progression of NAFLD. We review the roles of T lymphocyte subsets in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, expecting to provide new strategies for the pharmaceutical intervention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the value of real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography(SWE)in predicting liver parenchymal stiffness in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:A total of 200 NAFLD patients(70 i...Objective:To evaluate the value of real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography(SWE)in predicting liver parenchymal stiffness in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:A total of 200 NAFLD patients(70 in the mild group,70 in the moderate group,and 60 in the severe group)and 60 healthy individuals(control group)who visited the hospital from December 2023 to December 2024 underwent real-time two-dimensional SWE examinations.Results:Except for high-density lipoprotein,comparisons of body mass index and biochemical indicators showed that the severe group>moderate group>mild group>control group,with P<0.05.Comparisons of liver stiffness values also showed that the severe group>moderate group>mild group>control group,with P<0.05.Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between liver stiffness values and body mass index,triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,fasting blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin.Analysis of the ROC curve indicated that the AUC,standard deviation,and P-value for liver stiffness values were 0.901,0.025,and 0.01,respectively,suggesting that liver stiffness values can predict the severity of NAFLD.Conclusion:The real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography(SWE)technique for diagnosing NAFLD can differentiate between NAFLD patients and healthy individuals,as well as determine liver parenchymal stiffness,thereby assisting physicians in quantifying the degree of fatty liver.展开更多
With the shift in the definition of disease from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)to metabolism-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),as well as the rapid evolution of pathological classification and therapeuti...With the shift in the definition of disease from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)to metabolism-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),as well as the rapid evolution of pathological classification and therapeutic targets,traditional clinical teaching models face challenges such as outdated guideline updates,disjointed translation of scientific research,and limited skill training.This study proposes a dynamic training model integrating“guidelines,clinical practice,and scientific research.”Through stratified case-based teaching(e.g.,FibroScan simulator and metabolic sand table),dynamic guideline analysis(comparing old and new evidence),and the integration of scientific thinking(visualization of CAND1 protein mechanism),a teaching system that integrates theory and practice is constructed.Innovatively developed smart assistant tools(AI decision support system,VR liver biopsy simulator)and a multi-dimensional evaluation system(deviation analysis of diagnosis and treatment pathways,milestone assessment)are used while emphasizing metabolic medicine integration(continuous glucose monitoring and digital therapy)and ethical privacy protection(federated learning framework).This model aims to cultivate students’evidence-based decision-making skills and scientific research transformation thinking through dynamic knowledge base construction and interdisciplinary collaboration,providing sustainable teaching solutions to cope with the rapid iteration of NAFLD diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
Lactobacillus are considered promising therapeutic methods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The effects of two strains of Ltmosilactobacillus mucosae on NAFLD were investigated in this study.Fourweek-old ma...Lactobacillus are considered promising therapeutic methods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The effects of two strains of Ltmosilactobacillus mucosae on NAFLD were investigated in this study.Fourweek-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups(n=8 per group,Control,Model,FZJTZ26M3,FGSYC17L3).L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 reduced the mice 's body weight,liver weight,and adipose tissue weight after 12 weeks of therapy.According to serum analysis,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased after L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 intervention.Liver pathology showed that L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 was effective to ameliorate lipid deposition in NAFLD mice.Additionally,the expression of the gene related to lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue was analyzed,and the results indicated that L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 could alleviate NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism.Furthermore,the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a drop in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae,which is linked to inflammation,but the relative abundance of a potential probiotic Akkermansia significantly increased after L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 intervention.Generally,L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 could be a candidate to prevent NAFLD.展开更多
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease in the Western world and has a strong relationship to obesity and diabetes. NAFLD has not been well studied in pregnant women. We studied ...Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease in the Western world and has a strong relationship to obesity and diabetes. NAFLD has not been well studied in pregnant women. We studied a series of lean, obese, and gestational diabetic pregnant women and determined that liver enzymes would not serve to diagnose the presence of NAFLD in an obstetric population. A total of 59 pregnant women of various gestational ages and maternal weights who denied a history of alcohol intake or preexisting liver disease were recruited from a single-center university general obstetric clinic. Pregnant women underwent a maternal abdominal and obstetrical ultrasound, and blood samples were obtained for assays of liver enzymes, adiponectin and leptin. The presence of hepatic steatosis was established using standardized ultrasound criteria. NAFLD was detected by ultrasound in 48.9% of pregnant women and almost equally distributed between lean and obese women. The incidence of NAFLD in gestational diabetic pregnancies (50%) was comparable to the non-diabetic group with NAFLD in pregnant women. Adiponectin and leptin are similar between gravidas with and without NAFLD. Screening of pregnant women at any stage of pregnancy, early or late, lean or obese, or gestational diabetes after 26 weeks of gestation, would serve as a useful approach to determine NAFLD in pregnant women.展开更多
文摘非酒精性脂肪性肝病(Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)包括一系列的肝脏表现,从肝脏脂肪变性开始,可能演变为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH)、纤维化、肝硬化甚至肝细胞癌(Hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)。其发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。尽管NAFLD是一种与代谢紊乱相关的疾病,但它也涉及多种免疫细胞介导的炎症过程。多种免疫细胞通过分泌促炎或抗炎因子来促进或抑制肝细胞炎症,从而影响NAFLD进程。T细胞作为适应性免疫中重要的一环,包括多种淋巴细胞亚群,在NAFLD的进展中发挥着关键作用。本文综述了T淋巴细胞亚群在NAFLD发病机制中的作用,以期为非酒精性脂肪性肝病的药物干预提供新策略。Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a series of liver manifestations. Starting from hepatic steatosis, it may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence of NAFLD is on the rise globally. Although NAFLD is a disease concerning metabolic disorders, it also involves various inflammatory processes mediated by immune cells. Various immune cells promote or inhibit liver cell inflammation by secreting pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory factors to influence the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). T cells, as an important part of adaptive immunity, include multiple lymphocyte subsets and play a crucial role in the progression of NAFLD. We review the roles of T lymphocyte subsets in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, expecting to provide new strategies for the pharmaceutical intervention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the value of real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography(SWE)in predicting liver parenchymal stiffness in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:A total of 200 NAFLD patients(70 in the mild group,70 in the moderate group,and 60 in the severe group)and 60 healthy individuals(control group)who visited the hospital from December 2023 to December 2024 underwent real-time two-dimensional SWE examinations.Results:Except for high-density lipoprotein,comparisons of body mass index and biochemical indicators showed that the severe group>moderate group>mild group>control group,with P<0.05.Comparisons of liver stiffness values also showed that the severe group>moderate group>mild group>control group,with P<0.05.Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between liver stiffness values and body mass index,triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,fasting blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin.Analysis of the ROC curve indicated that the AUC,standard deviation,and P-value for liver stiffness values were 0.901,0.025,and 0.01,respectively,suggesting that liver stiffness values can predict the severity of NAFLD.Conclusion:The real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography(SWE)technique for diagnosing NAFLD can differentiate between NAFLD patients and healthy individuals,as well as determine liver parenchymal stiffness,thereby assisting physicians in quantifying the degree of fatty liver.
文摘With the shift in the definition of disease from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)to metabolism-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),as well as the rapid evolution of pathological classification and therapeutic targets,traditional clinical teaching models face challenges such as outdated guideline updates,disjointed translation of scientific research,and limited skill training.This study proposes a dynamic training model integrating“guidelines,clinical practice,and scientific research.”Through stratified case-based teaching(e.g.,FibroScan simulator and metabolic sand table),dynamic guideline analysis(comparing old and new evidence),and the integration of scientific thinking(visualization of CAND1 protein mechanism),a teaching system that integrates theory and practice is constructed.Innovatively developed smart assistant tools(AI decision support system,VR liver biopsy simulator)and a multi-dimensional evaluation system(deviation analysis of diagnosis and treatment pathways,milestone assessment)are used while emphasizing metabolic medicine integration(continuous glucose monitoring and digital therapy)and ethical privacy protection(federated learning framework).This model aims to cultivate students’evidence-based decision-making skills and scientific research transformation thinking through dynamic knowledge base construction and interdisciplinary collaboration,providing sustainable teaching solutions to cope with the rapid iteration of NAFLD diagnosis and treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32021005, 31820103010)111 project (BP0719028)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province。
文摘Lactobacillus are considered promising therapeutic methods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The effects of two strains of Ltmosilactobacillus mucosae on NAFLD were investigated in this study.Fourweek-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups(n=8 per group,Control,Model,FZJTZ26M3,FGSYC17L3).L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 reduced the mice 's body weight,liver weight,and adipose tissue weight after 12 weeks of therapy.According to serum analysis,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased after L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 intervention.Liver pathology showed that L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 was effective to ameliorate lipid deposition in NAFLD mice.Additionally,the expression of the gene related to lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue was analyzed,and the results indicated that L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 could alleviate NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism.Furthermore,the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a drop in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae,which is linked to inflammation,but the relative abundance of a potential probiotic Akkermansia significantly increased after L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 intervention.Generally,L.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 could be a candidate to prevent NAFLD.
文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease in the Western world and has a strong relationship to obesity and diabetes. NAFLD has not been well studied in pregnant women. We studied a series of lean, obese, and gestational diabetic pregnant women and determined that liver enzymes would not serve to diagnose the presence of NAFLD in an obstetric population. A total of 59 pregnant women of various gestational ages and maternal weights who denied a history of alcohol intake or preexisting liver disease were recruited from a single-center university general obstetric clinic. Pregnant women underwent a maternal abdominal and obstetrical ultrasound, and blood samples were obtained for assays of liver enzymes, adiponectin and leptin. The presence of hepatic steatosis was established using standardized ultrasound criteria. NAFLD was detected by ultrasound in 48.9% of pregnant women and almost equally distributed between lean and obese women. The incidence of NAFLD in gestational diabetic pregnancies (50%) was comparable to the non-diabetic group with NAFLD in pregnant women. Adiponectin and leptin are similar between gravidas with and without NAFLD. Screening of pregnant women at any stage of pregnancy, early or late, lean or obese, or gestational diabetes after 26 weeks of gestation, would serve as a useful approach to determine NAFLD in pregnant women.
文摘目的探讨姜黄素(curcumin)调控沉默信息调节因子1(silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog1,SIRT1)/叉头盒蛋白O1(forkhead box protein O1,FoxO1)信号通路防控非酒精性脂肪肝(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的作用及机制。方法采用脂肪酸诱导HepG2细胞24 h建立NAFLD体外模型,油红O染色后光镜下观察细胞内脂肪变性,透射电镜观察细胞内自噬体形成,比色法检测细胞内总胆固醇(totalcholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)含量,免疫印迹法检测细胞内沉默信息调节因子1(silent mating type information regulation2 homolog 1,SIRT1)、乙酰化叉头盒蛋白O1(acetylated forkhead box protein O1,AC-FoxO1)、微管相关蛋白1轻链3(microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3,LC3)、选择性自噬接头蛋白1(sequestosome 1,SQSTM1/P62)、自噬相关蛋白7(autophagyrelated protein7,ATG7)蛋白质表达,免疫荧光观察细胞内SIRT1和FoxO1蛋白质共定位。结果姜黄素可改善细胞内脂肪变性,自噬体增加,显著降低TC、TG含量及AC-FoxO1、P62蛋白质表达(P<0.01),显著升高SIRT1、ATG7蛋白质表达及LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值(P<0.01)。干扰SIRT1表达显著影响了姜黄素对细胞的保护作用及相关蛋白质的调控(P<0.05或P<0.01);姜黄素通过激活SIRT1,增强细胞中FoxO1核定位。干扰SIRT1表达,FoxOl大量迁入细胞质区,SIRT1和FoxOl共定位减少。结论姜黄素通过激活SIRT1促进FoxO1脱乙酰化,诱导自噬,改善肝细胞脂肪变性。
