WRKY transcription factors play key roles in plant resistance to various stresses,but their roles in fruit ripening remain largely unknown.Here,we report a WRKY gene PpWRKY14 involved in the regulation of fruit ripeni...WRKY transcription factors play key roles in plant resistance to various stresses,but their roles in fruit ripening remain largely unknown.Here,we report a WRKY gene PpWRKY14 involved in the regulation of fruit ripening in peach.The expression of PpWRKY14 showed an increasing trend throughout fruit development.PpWRKY14was a target gene of PpNAC1,a master regulator of peach fruit ripening.PpWRKY14 could directly bind to the promoters of PpACS1 and PpACO1 to induce their expression,and this induction was greatly enhanced when PpWRKY14 formed a dimer with PpNAC1.However,the transcription of PpNAC1 could be directly suppressed by two EIN3/EIL1 genes,PpEIL2 and PpEIL3.The PpEIL2/3 genes were highly expressed at the early stages of fruit development,but their expression was programmed to decrease significantly during the ripening stage,thus derepressing the expression of PpNAC1.These results suggested a PpEIL2/3–PpNAC1–PpWRKY14 module that regulates fruit ripening by modulating ethylene production in peach.Our results provided an insight into the regulatory roles of EIN3/EIL1 and WRKY genes in fruit ripening.展开更多
A 1050 bp up-stream regulatory fragment of the transcription factor gene NAC1in Arabidopsis thaliana was isolated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques. Thefragment was used to substitute the 35S prom...A 1050 bp up-stream regulatory fragment of the transcription factor gene NAC1in Arabidopsis thaliana was isolated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques. Thefragment was used to substitute the 35S promoter of the pBI121 plasmid to construct abate-glucuronidase gene (GUS) expression system. The construct was introduced into tobacco(Nico-tiana tabaccum) plants by the Agrobacterium-med\aled transferring method. GUS expressionpattern was studied by using the transgenic lines. The results showed that the GUS driven by theNAC1 up-stream regulatory region was specifically expressed in the root meristem region, basal areasof the lateral root primordium and the lateral roots. The GUS expression was induced by3-indolebutyric acid (IBA)and gibberellins (GA_3 and GA_(4+7)). The results indicated that theup-stream regulatory fragment of NAC1 responded to plant hormones. The fragment might be involved inboth auxins and gibberellins signaling in promoting the development of lateral roots.展开更多
Precise spatiotemporal control of the timing and extent of asymmetric cell divisions(AcDs)is essential for plant development.In the Arabidopsis root,ground tissue maturation involves an additional AcD of the endo-derm...Precise spatiotemporal control of the timing and extent of asymmetric cell divisions(AcDs)is essential for plant development.In the Arabidopsis root,ground tissue maturation involves an additional AcD of the endo-dermis that maintains the inner cell layer as the endodermis and generates the middle cortex to the outside.Through regulation of the cell cycle regulator CYCLIND6;1(CYCD6;1),the transcription factors SCARECROW(SCR)and SHORT-ROOT(SHR)play critical roles in this process.In the present study,we found that loss of function of NAC1,a NAC transcription factor family gene,causes markedly increased periclinal cell divisions in the root endodermis.Importantly,NAC1 directly represses the transcription of CYCD6;1 by recruiting the co-repressor TOPLESS(TPL),creating a fine-tuned mechanism to maintain proper root ground tissue patterning by limiting production of middle cortex cells.Biochemical and genetic analyses further showed that NAC1 physically interacts with SCR and SHR to restrict excessive periclinal cell divisions in the endo-dermis during root middle cortex formation.Although NAC1-TPL is recruited to the CYCD6;1 promoter and represses its transcription in an SCR-dependent manner,NAC1 and SHR antagonize each other to regu-late the expression of CYCD6;1.Collectively,our study provides mechanistic insights into how the NAC1-TPL module integrates with the master transcriptional regulators SCR and SHR to control root ground tissue patterning by fine-tuning spatiotemporal expression of CYCD6;1 in Arabidopsis.展开更多
The importance of NAC(named as NAM,ATAF1,2,and CUC2)proteins in plant development,transcription regulation and regulatory pathways involving proteinprotein interactions has been increasingly recognized.We report here ...The importance of NAC(named as NAM,ATAF1,2,and CUC2)proteins in plant development,transcription regulation and regulatory pathways involving proteinprotein interactions has been increasingly recognized.We report here the high resolution crystal structure of SNAC1(stress-responsive NAC)NAC domain at 2.5Å.Although the structure of the SNAC1 NAC domain shares a structural similarity with the reported structure of the ANAC NAC1 domain,some key features,especially relating to two loop regions which potentially take the responsibility for DNA-binding,distinguish the SNAC1 NAC domain from other reported NAC structures.Moreover,the dimerization of the SNAC1 NAC domain is demonstrated by both soluble and crystalline conditions,suggesting this dimeric state should be conserved in this type of NAC family.Additionally,we discuss the possible NAC-DNA binding model according to the structure and reported biological evidences.展开更多
基金supported by funds received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20206,32102363,and 32272687)the Key Special Project of Intergovernmental International Cooperation of the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFE0125100)+1 种基金the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-30)Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2021hszd017)。
文摘WRKY transcription factors play key roles in plant resistance to various stresses,but their roles in fruit ripening remain largely unknown.Here,we report a WRKY gene PpWRKY14 involved in the regulation of fruit ripening in peach.The expression of PpWRKY14 showed an increasing trend throughout fruit development.PpWRKY14was a target gene of PpNAC1,a master regulator of peach fruit ripening.PpWRKY14 could directly bind to the promoters of PpACS1 and PpACO1 to induce their expression,and this induction was greatly enhanced when PpWRKY14 formed a dimer with PpNAC1.However,the transcription of PpNAC1 could be directly suppressed by two EIN3/EIL1 genes,PpEIL2 and PpEIL3.The PpEIL2/3 genes were highly expressed at the early stages of fruit development,but their expression was programmed to decrease significantly during the ripening stage,thus derepressing the expression of PpNAC1.These results suggested a PpEIL2/3–PpNAC1–PpWRKY14 module that regulates fruit ripening by modulating ethylene production in peach.Our results provided an insight into the regulatory roles of EIN3/EIL1 and WRKY genes in fruit ripening.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30200169)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(Grant No.20010019008).
文摘A 1050 bp up-stream regulatory fragment of the transcription factor gene NAC1in Arabidopsis thaliana was isolated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based techniques. Thefragment was used to substitute the 35S promoter of the pBI121 plasmid to construct abate-glucuronidase gene (GUS) expression system. The construct was introduced into tobacco(Nico-tiana tabaccum) plants by the Agrobacterium-med\aled transferring method. GUS expressionpattern was studied by using the transgenic lines. The results showed that the GUS driven by theNAC1 up-stream regulatory region was specifically expressed in the root meristem region, basal areasof the lateral root primordium and the lateral roots. The GUS expression was induced by3-indolebutyric acid (IBA)and gibberellins (GA_3 and GA_(4+7)). The results indicated that theup-stream regulatory fragment of NAC1 responded to plant hormones. The fragment might be involved inboth auxins and gibberellins signaling in promoting the development of lateral roots.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170338 and 32061143005)Innovative Research Groups of Shandong University(2020QNQT014)+3 种基金the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation of the Major Basic Research Program(2017C03)(to Z.D.)by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170311 and 31970192)the Shandong Province Funds for Excellent Young Scholars(ZR2020YQ19)the Program of Shandong University Qilu Young Scholars(to X.K.).
文摘Precise spatiotemporal control of the timing and extent of asymmetric cell divisions(AcDs)is essential for plant development.In the Arabidopsis root,ground tissue maturation involves an additional AcD of the endo-dermis that maintains the inner cell layer as the endodermis and generates the middle cortex to the outside.Through regulation of the cell cycle regulator CYCLIND6;1(CYCD6;1),the transcription factors SCARECROW(SCR)and SHORT-ROOT(SHR)play critical roles in this process.In the present study,we found that loss of function of NAC1,a NAC transcription factor family gene,causes markedly increased periclinal cell divisions in the root endodermis.Importantly,NAC1 directly represses the transcription of CYCD6;1 by recruiting the co-repressor TOPLESS(TPL),creating a fine-tuned mechanism to maintain proper root ground tissue patterning by limiting production of middle cortex cells.Biochemical and genetic analyses further showed that NAC1 physically interacts with SCR and SHR to restrict excessive periclinal cell divisions in the endo-dermis during root middle cortex formation.Although NAC1-TPL is recruited to the CYCD6;1 promoter and represses its transcription in an SCR-dependent manner,NAC1 and SHR antagonize each other to regu-late the expression of CYCD6;1.Collectively,our study provides mechanistic insights into how the NAC1-TPL module integrates with the master transcriptional regulators SCR and SHR to control root ground tissue patterning by fine-tuning spatiotemporal expression of CYCD6;1 in Arabidopsis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30730022 and 30870486)the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)(Grant No.2007CB914304)the National Major Projects(grant Nos.2009ZX09311-001 and 2009ZX10004-304).
文摘The importance of NAC(named as NAM,ATAF1,2,and CUC2)proteins in plant development,transcription regulation and regulatory pathways involving proteinprotein interactions has been increasingly recognized.We report here the high resolution crystal structure of SNAC1(stress-responsive NAC)NAC domain at 2.5Å.Although the structure of the SNAC1 NAC domain shares a structural similarity with the reported structure of the ANAC NAC1 domain,some key features,especially relating to two loop regions which potentially take the responsibility for DNA-binding,distinguish the SNAC1 NAC domain from other reported NAC structures.Moreover,the dimerization of the SNAC1 NAC domain is demonstrated by both soluble and crystalline conditions,suggesting this dimeric state should be conserved in this type of NAC family.Additionally,we discuss the possible NAC-DNA binding model according to the structure and reported biological evidences.
