Efficient viral vectors for mapping and manipulating long-projection neuronal circuits are crucial in structural and functional studies of the brain. The SAD strain rabies virus with the glycoprotein gene deleted pseu...Efficient viral vectors for mapping and manipulating long-projection neuronal circuits are crucial in structural and functional studies of the brain. The SAD strain rabies virus with the glycoprotein gene deleted pseudotyped with the N2 C glycoprotein(SAD-RV(DG)-N2 C(G)) shows strong neuro-tropism in cell culture, but its in vivo efficiency for retrograde gene transduction and neuro-tropism have not been systematically characterized.We compared these features in different mouse brain regions for SAD-RV-N2 C(G) and two other widely-used retrograde tracers, SAD-RV(DG)-B19(G) and r AAV2-retro. We found that SAD-RV(DG)-N2 C(G) enhanced the infection efficiency of long-projecting neurons by^10 times but with very similar neuro-tropism, compared with SAD-RV(DG)-B19(G). On the other hand, SAD-RV(DG)-N2 C(G) had an infection efficiency comparable with r AAV2-retro, but a more restricted diffusion range, and broader tropism to different types and regions of longprojecting neuronal populations. These results demonstrate that SAD-RV(DG)-N2 C(G) can serve as an effective retrograde vector for studying neuronal circuits.展开更多
针对现有指挥控制网络(command and control network,C2N)初始负载大多为基于节点,缺少边初始负载定义,结合边重要性及边层级,提出兼顾边重要性和边层级的C2N边初始负载。给出边度和自我网络边介数定义;结合改进桥接系数、边度和自我网...针对现有指挥控制网络(command and control network,C2N)初始负载大多为基于节点,缺少边初始负载定义,结合边重要性及边层级,提出兼顾边重要性和边层级的C2N边初始负载。给出边度和自我网络边介数定义;结合改进桥接系数、边度和自我网络边介数,提出边重要性新定义;接着给出边层级定义,结合边重要性和边层级,提出新的边初始负载定义;仿真分析了不同失效模型的抗毁性,结果表明该初始负载定义的级联失效模型具有更强的抗毁能力。展开更多
The novel copper?complex with salicylaldehyde benzoylhydrazone and pyridine ligands, Cu(C14H10N2O2)(C5H5N), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and thermal analysis. The crystal structure ...The novel copper?complex with salicylaldehyde benzoylhydrazone and pyridine ligands, Cu(C14H10N2O2)(C5H5N), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and thermal analysis. The crystal structure of the title complex has been determined by single crystal X ray diffraction techniques. The crystal belongs to monoclinic with space group P21/c. The cell parameters are: a=1.6362(9)nm, b=1.7140(9)nm, c=1.2255(7)nm, β=105.168(9)°, V=3.317(3)nm3, Z=8, Dc=1.525g·cm-3, μ(MoKα)=1.334mm-1, F(000)=1560. The structure wasrefined to final R1=0.0376, wR2=0.0909. The copper?ion lies in a distorted square planar environment composed of two oxygen atoms, one nitrogen atom of tridentate acyhydrazone Schiff base ligand and one nitrogen atom of the pyridine ligand. CCDC: 193111.展开更多
基金the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China(2015CB755601)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB32030200)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771156,81661148053,91632303,31800885,31500868,31671120 and 91732304)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M653118 and 2018M632946).
文摘Efficient viral vectors for mapping and manipulating long-projection neuronal circuits are crucial in structural and functional studies of the brain. The SAD strain rabies virus with the glycoprotein gene deleted pseudotyped with the N2 C glycoprotein(SAD-RV(DG)-N2 C(G)) shows strong neuro-tropism in cell culture, but its in vivo efficiency for retrograde gene transduction and neuro-tropism have not been systematically characterized.We compared these features in different mouse brain regions for SAD-RV-N2 C(G) and two other widely-used retrograde tracers, SAD-RV(DG)-B19(G) and r AAV2-retro. We found that SAD-RV(DG)-N2 C(G) enhanced the infection efficiency of long-projecting neurons by^10 times but with very similar neuro-tropism, compared with SAD-RV(DG)-B19(G). On the other hand, SAD-RV(DG)-N2 C(G) had an infection efficiency comparable with r AAV2-retro, but a more restricted diffusion range, and broader tropism to different types and regions of longprojecting neuronal populations. These results demonstrate that SAD-RV(DG)-N2 C(G) can serve as an effective retrograde vector for studying neuronal circuits.
文摘针对现有指挥控制网络(command and control network,C2N)初始负载大多为基于节点,缺少边初始负载定义,结合边重要性及边层级,提出兼顾边重要性和边层级的C2N边初始负载。给出边度和自我网络边介数定义;结合改进桥接系数、边度和自我网络边介数,提出边重要性新定义;接着给出边层级定义,结合边重要性和边层级,提出新的边初始负载定义;仿真分析了不同失效模型的抗毁性,结果表明该初始负载定义的级联失效模型具有更强的抗毁能力。
文摘The novel copper?complex with salicylaldehyde benzoylhydrazone and pyridine ligands, Cu(C14H10N2O2)(C5H5N), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and thermal analysis. The crystal structure of the title complex has been determined by single crystal X ray diffraction techniques. The crystal belongs to monoclinic with space group P21/c. The cell parameters are: a=1.6362(9)nm, b=1.7140(9)nm, c=1.2255(7)nm, β=105.168(9)°, V=3.317(3)nm3, Z=8, Dc=1.525g·cm-3, μ(MoKα)=1.334mm-1, F(000)=1560. The structure wasrefined to final R1=0.0376, wR2=0.0909. The copper?ion lies in a distorted square planar environment composed of two oxygen atoms, one nitrogen atom of tridentate acyhydrazone Schiff base ligand and one nitrogen atom of the pyridine ligand. CCDC: 193111.
