Intervention strategies to control non-point source nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)pollution in agriculture are expensive and there is a trade-off between engineering cost and treatment effectiveness.Implementing strateg...Intervention strategies to control non-point source nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)pollution in agriculture are expensive and there is a trade-off between engineering cost and treatment effectiveness.Implementing strategies often result in unsatisfactory outcomes and massive engineering costs when managing diffusive pollution in agricultural catchments.To address this issue,this paper proposes a robust,handy,catchment N&P decision support system(CNPDSS),an Android-based smartphone system integrated with a web-based geographic information system(GIS).The CNPDSS aims to provide artificial intelligence-driven decisions that minimize N&P loadings and engineering costs for mitigating pollution in agricultural catchments.It consists of four components:a general user interface(GUI),GIS,N&P pollution modeling(NPPM),and a DSS.The CNPDSS simplifies the GUI and integrates GIS modules to create a user-friendly interface,enabling non-professional users to operate the system easily through intuitive actions.The NPPM uses straightforward empirical models to predict N&P loadings,enhancing efficiency by avoiding excessive parameters.Taking into account the N&P movement pathway in the catchment,the DSS incorporates three control measures:source reduction in farmland(before migration stage),process retention by ecological ditch(midway transport stage),and down-end purification by constructed wetland(waterbody discharge stage),to formulate a comprehensive ternary controlling strategy.To optimize the cost-effectiveness of any proposed N&P control strategies for sub-catchments,a differential evolution algorithm(DEA)is employed in CNPDSS to carry out a dual-objective decision-making optimization computation.In this study,the CNPDSS is applied to a case study in an agricultural catchment in Central China to develop the most cost-effective ternary N&P control strategies that ensure the catchment water quality within Criterion Ⅲ of the Chinese Surface Water Quality Standard GB3838-2002 is met(total N concentration≤1.0 mg L^(-1)and total P concentration≤0.2 mg L^(-1)).Our results demonstrate that the CNPDSS is feasible and also possesses an adaptive design and flexible architecture to enable its generalization and extension to support strong hands-on applications in other catchments.展开更多
Nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped carbon dots(N,P-CDs)were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method using p-phenylene diisocyanate,ethylenediamine,and concentrated phosphoric acid as raw materials.The morphology,stru...Nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped carbon dots(N,P-CDs)were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method using p-phenylene diisocyanate,ethylenediamine,and concentrated phosphoric acid as raw materials.The morphology,structure,and optical properties of the N,P-CDs were characterized in detail.The N,P-CDs exhibit excellent water solubility,with optimal excitation and emission wavelengths of 392 nm and 520 nm,respectively.A novel fluorescence method for detection of curcumin was developed,demonstrating a linear range of 3.50-242.24μmol/L and a detection limit of 0.086μmol/L.When applied to the detection of curcumin in real water samples and chili powder seasoning,the method achieved recovery between 94.48%and 105.82%,and with the relative standard deviations(RSDs)ranging from 0.17%to 0.62%.These results highlight that the constructed fluorescence analysis method based on the N,P-CDs has the potential for the accurate and reliable detection of curcumin in real-world samples.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFD1700104 and 2022YFE0209200-03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42161144002 and 41977156)+3 种基金the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation,China(2022GXNSFBA035625)the Guangxi Technology Base and Talent Subject,China(Guike AD22035927)the Shandong Key Research and Development Project,China(2022TZXD0045)the State Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘Intervention strategies to control non-point source nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)pollution in agriculture are expensive and there is a trade-off between engineering cost and treatment effectiveness.Implementing strategies often result in unsatisfactory outcomes and massive engineering costs when managing diffusive pollution in agricultural catchments.To address this issue,this paper proposes a robust,handy,catchment N&P decision support system(CNPDSS),an Android-based smartphone system integrated with a web-based geographic information system(GIS).The CNPDSS aims to provide artificial intelligence-driven decisions that minimize N&P loadings and engineering costs for mitigating pollution in agricultural catchments.It consists of four components:a general user interface(GUI),GIS,N&P pollution modeling(NPPM),and a DSS.The CNPDSS simplifies the GUI and integrates GIS modules to create a user-friendly interface,enabling non-professional users to operate the system easily through intuitive actions.The NPPM uses straightforward empirical models to predict N&P loadings,enhancing efficiency by avoiding excessive parameters.Taking into account the N&P movement pathway in the catchment,the DSS incorporates three control measures:source reduction in farmland(before migration stage),process retention by ecological ditch(midway transport stage),and down-end purification by constructed wetland(waterbody discharge stage),to formulate a comprehensive ternary controlling strategy.To optimize the cost-effectiveness of any proposed N&P control strategies for sub-catchments,a differential evolution algorithm(DEA)is employed in CNPDSS to carry out a dual-objective decision-making optimization computation.In this study,the CNPDSS is applied to a case study in an agricultural catchment in Central China to develop the most cost-effective ternary N&P control strategies that ensure the catchment water quality within Criterion Ⅲ of the Chinese Surface Water Quality Standard GB3838-2002 is met(total N concentration≤1.0 mg L^(-1)and total P concentration≤0.2 mg L^(-1)).Our results demonstrate that the CNPDSS is feasible and also possesses an adaptive design and flexible architecture to enable its generalization and extension to support strong hands-on applications in other catchments.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22274090)The Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province(No.202203021221026)+1 种基金Shanxi Province Patent Conversion Project(No.202306012)Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Classical Prescription Strengthening Yang(No.202104010910011)。
文摘Nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped carbon dots(N,P-CDs)were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method using p-phenylene diisocyanate,ethylenediamine,and concentrated phosphoric acid as raw materials.The morphology,structure,and optical properties of the N,P-CDs were characterized in detail.The N,P-CDs exhibit excellent water solubility,with optimal excitation and emission wavelengths of 392 nm and 520 nm,respectively.A novel fluorescence method for detection of curcumin was developed,demonstrating a linear range of 3.50-242.24μmol/L and a detection limit of 0.086μmol/L.When applied to the detection of curcumin in real water samples and chili powder seasoning,the method achieved recovery between 94.48%and 105.82%,and with the relative standard deviations(RSDs)ranging from 0.17%to 0.62%.These results highlight that the constructed fluorescence analysis method based on the N,P-CDs has the potential for the accurate and reliable detection of curcumin in real-world samples.
