Objective： Evaluation of discrimination between two Mylabris Species based on HPLC fingerprinting andspectrum-antitumor effect relationship. Methods： In this study, a simple and efficient high-performance liquidchro...Objective： Evaluation of discrimination between two Mylabris Species based on HPLC fingerprinting andspectrum-antitumor effect relationship. Methods： In this study, a simple and efficient high-performance liquidchromatography （HPLC） method integrating with chemometric analysis and spectrum-antitumor effect relationship wasdeveloped for discrimination between two species of Mylabris： Mylabris phalerata Pallas （MP） and Mylabris cichoriiLinnaeus （MC）. Results： In the fingerprint analysis, 14 characteristic peaks were selected to assess the differencesbetween MP and MC using the similarity and pattern recognition analysis using PCA and OPLS-DA. The HPLCchromatograms of samples from 10 regions of China showed differences between MP and MC, and 7 characteristicchemical markers were found. In the spectrum-antitumor effect relationship analysis, 4 activity markers played a vitalrole in decreasing the IC50 and might be the antitumor components of Mylabris by grey relational analysis andmultivariate linear regression analysis. The chemometric analysis in combination with spectrum-effect relationshipresults indicated that peaks 2 （cytosine）, 4 （unknown） and 14 （unknown） were important differential markers fordistinguishing the two species of Mylabris. Conclusion： The method is applicable, credible and more efficient todiscriminate MP and MC, and will offer a new way for facilitating quality control of insect medicines.展开更多
Blister beetles(Coleoptera:Meloidae)produce a natural defensive toxin cantharidin(CTD),which has been used for various cancer treatments and other diseases.Currently,the lack of chromosome-level reference genomes in M...Blister beetles(Coleoptera:Meloidae)produce a natural defensive toxin cantharidin(CTD),which has been used for various cancer treatments and other diseases.Currently,the lack of chromosome-level reference genomes in Meloidae limits further understanding of the mechanism of CTD biosynthesis and environmental adaptation.In this study,the chromosome-level genome assembly of Mylabris phalerata was generated based on PacBio and Hi-C sequencing.This reference genome was about 136.68 Mb in size with contig N50 of 9.17 Mb and composed of 12 chromosomes.In comparison to six other Coleoptera insects,M.phalerata exhibited multiple expanded gene families enriched in juvenile hormone(JH)biosynthetic process pathway,farnesol dehydrogenase activity,and cytochrome P450,which may be related to CTD biosynthesis.Consistently,the transcriptomic analysis suggested the“terpenoid backbone biosynthesis”pathway and“the juvenile hormone”as putative core pathways of CTD biosynthesis and presented eight up-regulated differential expression genes in male adults as candidate genes.It is possible that the restricted feeding niche and lifestyle of M.phalerata were the cause of the gene family’s contraction of odorant binding proteins.The ABC transporters(ABCs)related to exporting bound toxins out of the cell and the resistance to the self-secreted toxins(e.g.CTD)were also contracted,possibly due to other self-protection strategies in M.phalerata.A foundation of understanding CTD biosynthesis and environmental adaptation of blister beetles will be established by our reference genome and discoveries.展开更多
基金Funding： This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （81260488 and 81560669）, KeyLab Construction Project of the Educational Department of Guizhou Province （Project No. Guizhou EducationCooperation KY[2014]212） , Science Inovative Talent Team for Medicinal Insect Research and Development in Zunyi（Zunyi shi ke he 2015-40） and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Guizhou Province high-tech researchand development projects （Qian ke he ZY 2012-2009）.
文摘Objective： Evaluation of discrimination between two Mylabris Species based on HPLC fingerprinting andspectrum-antitumor effect relationship. Methods： In this study, a simple and efficient high-performance liquidchromatography （HPLC） method integrating with chemometric analysis and spectrum-antitumor effect relationship wasdeveloped for discrimination between two species of Mylabris： Mylabris phalerata Pallas （MP） and Mylabris cichoriiLinnaeus （MC）. Results： In the fingerprint analysis, 14 characteristic peaks were selected to assess the differencesbetween MP and MC using the similarity and pattern recognition analysis using PCA and OPLS-DA. The HPLCchromatograms of samples from 10 regions of China showed differences between MP and MC, and 7 characteristicchemical markers were found. In the spectrum-antitumor effect relationship analysis, 4 activity markers played a vitalrole in decreasing the IC50 and might be the antitumor components of Mylabris by grey relational analysis andmultivariate linear regression analysis. The chemometric analysis in combination with spectrum-effect relationshipresults indicated that peaks 2 （cytosine）, 4 （unknown） and 14 （unknown） were important differential markers fordistinguishing the two species of Mylabris. Conclusion： The method is applicable, credible and more efficient todiscriminate MP and MC, and will offer a new way for facilitating quality control of insect medicines.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:31960117)the Miaozi Project in Science and Technology Innovation Program of Sichuan Province(grant number:2022006).
文摘Blister beetles(Coleoptera:Meloidae)produce a natural defensive toxin cantharidin(CTD),which has been used for various cancer treatments and other diseases.Currently,the lack of chromosome-level reference genomes in Meloidae limits further understanding of the mechanism of CTD biosynthesis and environmental adaptation.In this study,the chromosome-level genome assembly of Mylabris phalerata was generated based on PacBio and Hi-C sequencing.This reference genome was about 136.68 Mb in size with contig N50 of 9.17 Mb and composed of 12 chromosomes.In comparison to six other Coleoptera insects,M.phalerata exhibited multiple expanded gene families enriched in juvenile hormone(JH)biosynthetic process pathway,farnesol dehydrogenase activity,and cytochrome P450,which may be related to CTD biosynthesis.Consistently,the transcriptomic analysis suggested the“terpenoid backbone biosynthesis”pathway and“the juvenile hormone”as putative core pathways of CTD biosynthesis and presented eight up-regulated differential expression genes in male adults as candidate genes.It is possible that the restricted feeding niche and lifestyle of M.phalerata were the cause of the gene family’s contraction of odorant binding proteins.The ABC transporters(ABCs)related to exporting bound toxins out of the cell and the resistance to the self-secreted toxins(e.g.CTD)were also contracted,possibly due to other self-protection strategies in M.phalerata.A foundation of understanding CTD biosynthesis and environmental adaptation of blister beetles will be established by our reference genome and discoveries.
