An exhibition of ancient Greek artifacts,including a replica of the famed Agamemnon's Mask,sheds light on the similarities between the great ancient Bronze Age civilizations of China's Sanxingdui and Mycenae,a...An exhibition of ancient Greek artifacts,including a replica of the famed Agamemnon's Mask,sheds light on the similarities between the great ancient Bronze Age civilizations of China's Sanxingdui and Mycenae,and their use of gold in many artifacts.展开更多
Nitrogen and auxin uptake play pivotal roles in seed germination and development.Gastrodia elata,a fully mycoheterotrophic plant,depends entirely on its symbiotic association with Mycena for early growth and seed germ...Nitrogen and auxin uptake play pivotal roles in seed germination and development.Gastrodia elata,a fully mycoheterotrophic plant,depends entirely on its symbiotic association with Mycena for early growth and seed germination.The process by which Mycena supplies nitrogen nutrients and auxin,which are deficient in G.elata,remains poorly understood.In this study,genome-scale analysis of G.elata revealed the loss of genes associated with nitrogen utilization and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)biosynthesis,which are retained in Mycena.Further analysis of the dynamic transcriptomic interactions between G.elata seeds and Mycena across different symbiotic stages revealed that genes involved in nitrogen-and tryptophan-dependent IAA biosynthesis were significantly upregulated in Mycena during the symbiotic germination of G.elata seeds.Concurrently,G.elata seeds exhibited increased expression of genes involved in the hormone signal trans-duction pathway and the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway.Functional disruption of nitrite reduc-tase(MyNir,EVM0012344)and amidase(MyAmid,EVM0010270),key enzymes in nitrogen assimilation and IAA biosynthesis in Mycena,significantly impaired the symbiotic germination of G.elata seeds.This disruption interfered with energy supply,caused cellular restructuring,and altered hormonal signaling crosstalk.In conclusion,our findings provide novel insights into the mutualistic symbiotic relationship between Mycena and G.elata.Specifically,the fungus Mycena compensates for the incomplete nitrogen metabolism of its plant partner,G.elata,and supplies IAA,thereby promoting seed germination.These re-sults shed light on plant-fungal symbiotic associations from the perspective of nitrogen utilization.展开更多
Fifteen bioluminescent fungi recently collected from Peninsular Malaysia are analysed herein.The phylogeny of the Malaysian bioluminescent fungi and closely related taxa were evaluated with molecular data from the nuc...Fifteen bioluminescent fungi recently collected from Peninsular Malaysia are analysed herein.The phylogeny of the Malaysian bioluminescent fungi and closely related taxa were evaluated with molecular data from the nuclear ribosomal large subunit(LSU),RNA polymerase 2 second largest subunit(RPB2)and internal transcribed spacers(ITS)gene regions.DNA sequences data support the circumscription of species based on the morphological species concept,but was unable to fully support the current sectional delimitation of genus Mycena.Of the 15 taxa analysed here,four are novel species described herein,viz.Mycena gombakensis,M.nocticaelum,M.coralliformis and Panellus luxfilamentus;while four taxa of Mycena sect.Calodontes were recently described as new.One species(M.noctilucens)represents a new distribution record to Peninsular Malaysia,and six species(Neonothopanus nambi,Filoboletus manipularis,P.luminescens,Roridomyces pruinosoviscidus,M.chlorophos and M.illuminans)have been previously reported.Roridomyces pruinosoviscidus is accepted as a new combination based on morphological and phylogenetic data.Culture morphology data indicate its potential for taxon delimitation as axenic cultures of each species produced unique and distinguishable characteristics.Comprehensive descriptions,illustrations and photographs are provided on basidiome and culture morphology.A key to aid in species identification,comparisons with allied species and data on basidiome and mycelium luminescence are also provided.This study gives the first report on mycelial luminescence for M.noctilucens,P.luminescens,R.pruinosoviscidus as well as all new species described herein.The reports in this study bring the total known luminescent fungi worldwide to 81 species.展开更多
文摘An exhibition of ancient Greek artifacts,including a replica of the famed Agamemnon's Mask,sheds light on the similarities between the great ancient Bronze Age civilizations of China's Sanxingdui and Mycenae,and their use of gold in many artifacts.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3503803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060080)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-21).
文摘Nitrogen and auxin uptake play pivotal roles in seed germination and development.Gastrodia elata,a fully mycoheterotrophic plant,depends entirely on its symbiotic association with Mycena for early growth and seed germination.The process by which Mycena supplies nitrogen nutrients and auxin,which are deficient in G.elata,remains poorly understood.In this study,genome-scale analysis of G.elata revealed the loss of genes associated with nitrogen utilization and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)biosynthesis,which are retained in Mycena.Further analysis of the dynamic transcriptomic interactions between G.elata seeds and Mycena across different symbiotic stages revealed that genes involved in nitrogen-and tryptophan-dependent IAA biosynthesis were significantly upregulated in Mycena during the symbiotic germination of G.elata seeds.Concurrently,G.elata seeds exhibited increased expression of genes involved in the hormone signal trans-duction pathway and the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway.Functional disruption of nitrite reduc-tase(MyNir,EVM0012344)and amidase(MyAmid,EVM0010270),key enzymes in nitrogen assimilation and IAA biosynthesis in Mycena,significantly impaired the symbiotic germination of G.elata seeds.This disruption interfered with energy supply,caused cellular restructuring,and altered hormonal signaling crosstalk.In conclusion,our findings provide novel insights into the mutualistic symbiotic relationship between Mycena and G.elata.Specifically,the fungus Mycena compensates for the incomplete nitrogen metabolism of its plant partner,G.elata,and supplies IAA,thereby promoting seed germination.These re-sults shed light on plant-fungal symbiotic associations from the perspective of nitrogen utilization.
基金supported by grants PS285/2009B,PV088/2011B and J-21001-76536 by University of Malaya.
文摘Fifteen bioluminescent fungi recently collected from Peninsular Malaysia are analysed herein.The phylogeny of the Malaysian bioluminescent fungi and closely related taxa were evaluated with molecular data from the nuclear ribosomal large subunit(LSU),RNA polymerase 2 second largest subunit(RPB2)and internal transcribed spacers(ITS)gene regions.DNA sequences data support the circumscription of species based on the morphological species concept,but was unable to fully support the current sectional delimitation of genus Mycena.Of the 15 taxa analysed here,four are novel species described herein,viz.Mycena gombakensis,M.nocticaelum,M.coralliformis and Panellus luxfilamentus;while four taxa of Mycena sect.Calodontes were recently described as new.One species(M.noctilucens)represents a new distribution record to Peninsular Malaysia,and six species(Neonothopanus nambi,Filoboletus manipularis,P.luminescens,Roridomyces pruinosoviscidus,M.chlorophos and M.illuminans)have been previously reported.Roridomyces pruinosoviscidus is accepted as a new combination based on morphological and phylogenetic data.Culture morphology data indicate its potential for taxon delimitation as axenic cultures of each species produced unique and distinguishable characteristics.Comprehensive descriptions,illustrations and photographs are provided on basidiome and culture morphology.A key to aid in species identification,comparisons with allied species and data on basidiome and mycelium luminescence are also provided.This study gives the first report on mycelial luminescence for M.noctilucens,P.luminescens,R.pruinosoviscidus as well as all new species described herein.The reports in this study bring the total known luminescent fungi worldwide to 81 species.
