Novel mycelium-based biocomposites(MBB)were obtained from local agricultural(hemp shives)and forestry(wood chips)by-products which were bounded together with natural growth of fungal mycelium.As a result,hemp mycocomp...Novel mycelium-based biocomposites(MBB)were obtained from local agricultural(hemp shives)and forestry(wood chips)by-products which were bounded together with natural growth of fungal mycelium.As a result,hemp mycocomposites(HMC)and wood mycocomposites(WMC)were manufactured.Mechanical,water absorption and biodegradation properties of MBB were investigated.MBB were characterized also by ash content and elemental composition.The results of MBB were compared with the reference materials such as the commercial MBB material manufactured by Ecovative®Design(EV),hemp magnesium oxychloride concrete(HC)and cemented wood wool panel(CW),manufactured by CEWOOD®.The mechanical properties of HMC and WMC showed that the bending strength difference was about 30%,with a better result for HMC.Compression strength was better for WMC by about 60%compared to that of HMC.The mechanical strength of HMC and HC materials was equal;both materials contained hemp shives but differed by the binding material.Water absorption and volumetric swelling tests showed that HMC and WMC could be considered as potential biosorbents.Ash content and elemental analysis showed that reference materials(CW,HC)contained significant amounts of inorganic compounds that decreased the biodegradation rate,compared to the case of HMC and WMC materials.The biodegradation results of HMC and WMC,after 12 weeks,revealed a mass loss(ML)above 70%,while in the case of EV,HC and CW,it was about 60%,17%and only 6%,respectively.MBB were completely biodegradable.展开更多
A multiscale methodology approach was employed integrating microscopic analysis of the biomasses present in the biocomposite (lignocellulosic and fungal) to understand their macro- scopic response in terms of physical...A multiscale methodology approach was employed integrating microscopic analysis of the biomasses present in the biocomposite (lignocellulosic and fungal) to understand their macro- scopic response in terms of physical and mechanical properties. Colombian native strain Gano- derma gibbosum , used for the first time in the production of biocomposites was cultivated on peach palm fruit peel flour and sugar cane bagasse wet dust, individually and as a mixture. During the solid-state fermentation were monitoring the change that occurred in substrate composition such as glucan, arabinoxylan, and lignin through biomass compositional analysis using structural car- bohydrates and lignin. Moreover, fungal biomass formation was monitored via scanning electron microscopy. The resulting biocomposites underwent characterization through flexural and water absorption tests. Our findings indicated that G. gibbosum primarily degraded the polysaccharides in each of the evaluated media. However, lignin degradation to 15.06 g/g was only observed in the mixture biocomposite of peach palm fruit peel fluor and sugarcane bagasse wet dust in a ratio of 1 ꞉1, accompanied by a reduction in glucan and arabinoxylan weights to 26.1 and 7.72 g/g, respectively. This polymer degradation, combined with a protein-rich source in the mix- ture biocomposite of peach palm fruit peel fluor and sugarcane bagasse wet dust in a ratio of 1 ꞉1, facilitated the production of a fungal skin (biological matrix) with a high hyphal density of 65%, contributing to Young’s modulus of 3.83 MPa, elongation without failure, and low wa- ter absorption rate in this biocomposite (55%). The lignocellulosic biomass in the culture media acted as a filler for mechanical interlocking with the matrix and provided attachment points for water absorption. Thus, our study establishes a connection between the microscopic scale and the macroscopic behavior of this biocomposite, assessing structural carbohydrates and lignin analy- sis during solid-state fermentation (SSF), laying the groundwork for a more customized design of mycelium-based biocomposites. Finally, this study demonstrates the possibility of tailoring nutrient composition by designing their culture media to obtain physical-mechanical properties according to the application requirement.展开更多
Edible mushrooms are ubiquitous around the world due to their enormous health benefits.Mushrooms have been used as folk medicine and healthy food from ancient times but their health-promoting effects have not been exp...Edible mushrooms are ubiquitous around the world due to their enormous health benefits.Mushrooms have been used as folk medicine and healthy food from ancient times but their health-promoting effects have not been explored.As a superfood,mushroom powder is an essential component of the human diet for improving health and immunity.Bioactive components present in them such as proteins,polysaccharides,terpenes,and lipids have recently sparked much attention to exhibit therapeutic properties such as anti-cancer,immunomodulatory,antihypercholesterolemia,antiviral,antidiabetic,and anti-inflammatory effects.Moreover,these isolated compounds have the potentiality to be used in dietary supplements and medicines.In addition,numerous bioactive compounds such as ergosterol,gallic acid,and cordycepin proved to be essential in preventing or reducing the severity of COVID-19.This review unveils a comprehensive understanding of the nutraceutical as well as the medicinal potential of mushrooms and their applications in food products for human wellness.展开更多
基金supported by the Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry Bioeconomy grant“MiBiKom”and Riga Technical University’s Doctoral Grant programme.
文摘Novel mycelium-based biocomposites(MBB)were obtained from local agricultural(hemp shives)and forestry(wood chips)by-products which were bounded together with natural growth of fungal mycelium.As a result,hemp mycocomposites(HMC)and wood mycocomposites(WMC)were manufactured.Mechanical,water absorption and biodegradation properties of MBB were investigated.MBB were characterized also by ash content and elemental composition.The results of MBB were compared with the reference materials such as the commercial MBB material manufactured by Ecovative®Design(EV),hemp magnesium oxychloride concrete(HC)and cemented wood wool panel(CW),manufactured by CEWOOD®.The mechanical properties of HMC and WMC showed that the bending strength difference was about 30%,with a better result for HMC.Compression strength was better for WMC by about 60%compared to that of HMC.The mechanical strength of HMC and HC materials was equal;both materials contained hemp shives but differed by the binding material.Water absorption and volumetric swelling tests showed that HMC and WMC could be considered as potential biosorbents.Ash content and elemental analysis showed that reference materials(CW,HC)contained significant amounts of inorganic compounds that decreased the biodegradation rate,compared to the case of HMC and WMC materials.The biodegradation results of HMC and WMC,after 12 weeks,revealed a mass loss(ML)above 70%,while in the case of EV,HC and CW,it was about 60%,17%and only 6%,respectively.MBB were completely biodegradable.
基金express their sincere appreciation to the General Royalties System(SGR)of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Science,Technology,and Innovation,Colombia,for the financial support.Additionally,we are grateful for the support and funding facilitated by the Department of Biological Sciences,Bioprocesses,and Biotechnology at Universidad ICESI(No.CA02130103).
文摘A multiscale methodology approach was employed integrating microscopic analysis of the biomasses present in the biocomposite (lignocellulosic and fungal) to understand their macro- scopic response in terms of physical and mechanical properties. Colombian native strain Gano- derma gibbosum , used for the first time in the production of biocomposites was cultivated on peach palm fruit peel flour and sugar cane bagasse wet dust, individually and as a mixture. During the solid-state fermentation were monitoring the change that occurred in substrate composition such as glucan, arabinoxylan, and lignin through biomass compositional analysis using structural car- bohydrates and lignin. Moreover, fungal biomass formation was monitored via scanning electron microscopy. The resulting biocomposites underwent characterization through flexural and water absorption tests. Our findings indicated that G. gibbosum primarily degraded the polysaccharides in each of the evaluated media. However, lignin degradation to 15.06 g/g was only observed in the mixture biocomposite of peach palm fruit peel fluor and sugarcane bagasse wet dust in a ratio of 1 ꞉1, accompanied by a reduction in glucan and arabinoxylan weights to 26.1 and 7.72 g/g, respectively. This polymer degradation, combined with a protein-rich source in the mix- ture biocomposite of peach palm fruit peel fluor and sugarcane bagasse wet dust in a ratio of 1 ꞉1, facilitated the production of a fungal skin (biological matrix) with a high hyphal density of 65%, contributing to Young’s modulus of 3.83 MPa, elongation without failure, and low wa- ter absorption rate in this biocomposite (55%). The lignocellulosic biomass in the culture media acted as a filler for mechanical interlocking with the matrix and provided attachment points for water absorption. Thus, our study establishes a connection between the microscopic scale and the macroscopic behavior of this biocomposite, assessing structural carbohydrates and lignin analy- sis during solid-state fermentation (SSF), laying the groundwork for a more customized design of mycelium-based biocomposites. Finally, this study demonstrates the possibility of tailoring nutrient composition by designing their culture media to obtain physical-mechanical properties according to the application requirement.
基金funded by Science and Engineering Research Board,Department of Science and Technology(SERB/EEQ/2018/000131)。
文摘Edible mushrooms are ubiquitous around the world due to their enormous health benefits.Mushrooms have been used as folk medicine and healthy food from ancient times but their health-promoting effects have not been explored.As a superfood,mushroom powder is an essential component of the human diet for improving health and immunity.Bioactive components present in them such as proteins,polysaccharides,terpenes,and lipids have recently sparked much attention to exhibit therapeutic properties such as anti-cancer,immunomodulatory,antihypercholesterolemia,antiviral,antidiabetic,and anti-inflammatory effects.Moreover,these isolated compounds have the potentiality to be used in dietary supplements and medicines.In addition,numerous bioactive compounds such as ergosterol,gallic acid,and cordycepin proved to be essential in preventing or reducing the severity of COVID-19.This review unveils a comprehensive understanding of the nutraceutical as well as the medicinal potential of mushrooms and their applications in food products for human wellness.
