Following a magnitude M 7.9 earthquake that struck near Mandalay,Myanmar in March 2025,this study investigates the seismic damage inflicted upon the city’s municipal water supply system.The analysis focuses on the fa...Following a magnitude M 7.9 earthquake that struck near Mandalay,Myanmar in March 2025,this study investigates the seismic damage inflicted upon the city’s municipal water supply system.The analysis focuses on the failure characteristics of water facilities and pipelines,examines cross-system cascading effects,and proposes corresponding recovery strategies.The main findings are as follows:(1)The damage to water plant facilities,concentrated in ancillary structures and connections due to insufficient seismic measures,demonstrated significant intensity-dependence.Increased seismic intensity not only aggravated structural damage but also compromised core treatment processes,leading to deteriorated water quality.(2)Within the same seismic intensity zone,high-density polyethylene(HDPE)pipes exhibited a significantly lower damage occurrence rate than ductile iron(DI)pipes,highlighting the material’s substantial influence on seismic performance.Moreover,a strong positive correlation was observed between the overall pipeline network damage and the seismic intensity.The average damage rate in IntensityⅨzones was 6.84 times that of IntensityⅧzones.(3)A cascading failure,initiated by a power outage,led to water supply disruption,loss of emergency response capability,and elevated secondary risks.This strongly coupled cross-system effect resulted in significant spatiotemporal propagation of disaster impacts.(4)The post-earthquake recovery adopted a phased strategy that prioritized critical facilities.Actions involved rapidly restoring the core supply zone with temporary points,reinstating the water plant’s power supply,and deploying targeted technologies for efficient pipeline repair.The outcomes of this study are expected to provide critical support and a valuable reference for developing earthquake-resilient urban water supply systems.展开更多
From 22nd to 23rd July 2025,China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)and the All-China Women's Federation(ACWF),together with the Myanmar-China Exchange and Cooperation Association(MCECA),held a handover ce...From 22nd to 23rd July 2025,China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)and the All-China Women's Federation(ACWF),together with the Myanmar-China Exchange and Cooperation Association(MCECA),held a handover ceremony of humanitarian aid supplies to Myanmar in Nay Pyi Taw within the framework of the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity".展开更多
Dispatched by the Chinese government,a multidisciplinary team of 30 researchers collaborated with a team from Myanmar to conduct a 14-day on-site investigation.The work encompassed seismic intensity assessments,field ...Dispatched by the Chinese government,a multidisciplinary team of 30 researchers collaborated with a team from Myanmar to conduct a 14-day on-site investigation.The work encompassed seismic intensity assessments,field surveys,and loss evaluations.The paper focuses on the intensity distribution and structural damage characteristics of the 2025 M7.9 Myanmar earthquake,yielding the following key findings.(1)The seismogenic fault rupture propagated in a nearly N-S direction,with a surface rupture length of approximately 450 km.The seismic impact zone exhibited an elongated N-S distribution and a shorter E-W span,distributed like a belt around the seismogenic fault.(2)Within the seismic impact zones,existing buildings comprised five primary structural types,with timber(bamboo)structures constituting the largest proportion(≈80%in rural areas,≈50%in urban areas).The relatively low disaster losses and casualties were primarily attributable to the good seismic performance and low damage ratio of timber(bamboo)structures across varying intensity zones.(3)An anomalous zone of intensityⅨwas located at the boundary between intensityⅥandⅦregions in Nay Pyi Taw.Here,ridge topography combined with soft soil layers significantly amplified ground motion,exacerbating structural damage.(4)Directional effects of ground motion were observed,with the structural damage phenomena and peak ground acceleration(PGA)values in the N-S direction exceeding those in the E-W direction.This validates that the maximum PGA distribution of strike-slip fault earthquakes aligns with the fault strike.The research is expected to provide technical support for post-disaster reconstruction planning,site selection,and disaster mitigation strategies in Myanmar.展开更多
On March 28,2025,an M_(w) 7.7 earthquake struck near Mandalay,Myanmar,producing intense ground shaking.Strong motion recorded at a station close to the fault indicated a peak ground acceleration of 1.066 g in the vert...On March 28,2025,an M_(w) 7.7 earthquake struck near Mandalay,Myanmar,producing intense ground shaking.Strong motion recorded at a station close to the fault indicated a peak ground acceleration of 1.066 g in the vertical direction and 0.631 g in the horizontal direction.The earthquake caused collapse or severe damage of numerous buildings,resulting in thousands of fatalities and injuries,as well as substantial economic losses.The authors participated in the post-earthquake emergency response as members of the China Search and Rescue Team.During the rescue operations,an investigation into the characteristics of collapsed structures was conducted and the stability of building debris was assessed to ensure the safety of rescue efforts.Subsequently,a rapid seismic safety assessment of affected structures was carried out,including nine city residential blocks,two hospitals,and two apartments.Preliminary analyses indicate that the main causes of structural failure were insufficient cross-sectional dimensions of beams and columns,inadequate stirrup reinforcement,and lack of structural redundancy.展开更多
Traditional medicine in Myanmar has a long history,combining the local natural environment,culture,and religious beliefs to form a unique medical system.This article adopts the method of literature research,focusing o...Traditional medicine in Myanmar has a long history,combining the local natural environment,culture,and religious beliefs to form a unique medical system.This article adopts the method of literature research,focusing on the existing book“Milestones of Traditional Medicine in Myanmar”,and reviewing existing literature to analyze historical and contemporary sources.Elaborate on the question of how the history of traditional medicine in Myanmar originated and has continued to develop until now.These histories have proven that traditional medicine in Myanmar,despite facing numerous obstacles,has always been used by the people of Myanmar and has unique value,which deserves our continued attention and inheritance.展开更多
On March 28,2025,an M_(w) 7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar,causing extensive damage to engineering facilities,causing thousands of casualties.In addition,at 2 km-by-2 km square,Mandalay Royal Palace,famous as an importan...On March 28,2025,an M_(w) 7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar,causing extensive damage to engineering facilities,causing thousands of casualties.In addition,at 2 km-by-2 km square,Mandalay Royal Palace,famous as an important historical and cultural relic facility,also suffered significant damage.A detailed field investigation took place after the earthquake,with subsequent analysis of post-earthquake high-resolution remote sensing images.It was found that damage was concentrated primarily to the four exterior walls of the palace.Specifically,many parts of the walls broke off or collapsed,and some of the palace gates and watchtowers on the walls were destroyed or even collapsed.The collapse rate of the palace gates was significantly higher than that of the watchtowers and palace walls,and the degree of damage to the north and south sides of the palace walls was significantly higher than that of the east or west sides.This special spatial damage distribution may be related to the strike-slip movement of the Sagaing fault.The research results not only serve as a valuable reference for understanding the ground motion characteristics of this destructive earthquake but also help learn lessons to better protect cultural relics against the effects of future earthquakes.展开更多
INTRODUCTION On March 28,2025,at 06:20:52 UTC,a shallow,magnitude M_(w)7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar(Burma)with an epicenter near the major city of Mandalay.This event,the strongest seismic activity recorded in Myanma...INTRODUCTION On March 28,2025,at 06:20:52 UTC,a shallow,magnitude M_(w)7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar(Burma)with an epicenter near the major city of Mandalay.This event,the strongest seismic activity recorded in Myanmar since 1950,generated intense shaking across much of the country,extended into regions of Thailand,and was felt in China's Yunnan and Guangxi provinces.展开更多
This article is based on remarks delivered by U Tin Maung Swe,Myanmar Ambassador to China,at the ASEAN-China(Beijing Municipal Administrative Center)Trade and Investment Promotion Conference,and has been edited for cl...This article is based on remarks delivered by U Tin Maung Swe,Myanmar Ambassador to China,at the ASEAN-China(Beijing Municipal Administrative Center)Trade and Investment Promotion Conference,and has been edited for clarity and readability.展开更多
Eastern Myanmar is the key position linking between SW Yunnan and northern Thailand for better understanding of Tethyan evolution.However,the actual location and evolution of the Tethyan suture zone are still unclear ...Eastern Myanmar is the key position linking between SW Yunnan and northern Thailand for better understanding of Tethyan evolution.However,the actual location and evolution of the Tethyan suture zone are still unclear in eastern Myanmar.The present study focuses on the geochronological,geochemical and zircon Lu-Hf isotopic study on the plutonic rocks,including granite,diorite and gabbroic rocks,from the Tachileik area,eastern Myanmar.These plutonic rocks yielded zircon U-Pb weighted mean ages of ca.353–355 Ma,suggesting the Early Carboniferous emplacement.The Tachileik granites are high-K calc-alkaline,weakly peraluminous and have low P2O5 contents,which are typical features of I-type granites.They have positive zircon ε_(Hf)(t)values(+4.5−+7.4)with T_(DM2) ages of 981–825 Ma,indicating a juvenile mafic lower crust source.The Tachileik gabbros and diorites show high Al_(2)O_(3) contents and Mg#,but low TiO_(2) and K_(2)O contents,belonging to tholeiitic and calc-alkaline basalt series.They are characterized by enrichments in large ion lithophile elements(LILEs,e.g.,Rb,Ba and Sr),depletions in high field strength elements(HFSEs)and distinctly negative Nb and Ta anomalies,similar to the volcanic arc basalt.The zircon Hf isotopic(+4.7−+7.1)and whole-rock geochemical data imply that the Tachileik gabros and diorites probably resulted from partial melting of lithospheric mantle in the spinel stability field within an arc-related setting.The magmatic rocks can be grouped to the Late Devonian–Early Carboniferous magmatic rock and pyroclastic rock zone from SW Yunnan to northern Thailand based on their age and geochemical characters.The zone was formed in the post-collisional extension-related tectonic setting of the Proto-Tethys.This study provides important evidences for the evolution of the Proto-Tethys in Southwest Yunnan and Southeast Asia.展开更多
On the evening of January 5,the 2025 China-Myanmar Cross-Border Spring Festival Gala was held under the theme“One River,One Family”in Dehong Prefecture,southwest China’s Yunnan Province.During the event,a ceremony ...On the evening of January 5,the 2025 China-Myanmar Cross-Border Spring Festival Gala was held under the theme“One River,One Family”in Dehong Prefecture,southwest China’s Yunnan Province.During the event,a ceremony was held for the inauguration of the“Paukphaw(‘fraternal’in Burmese)Mingalaba(‘Nice to meet you!’)”China-Myanmar People-to-People Exchange Base jointly established by the Center for Asia-Pacific under China International Communications Group(CICG Asia-Pacific)and the government of Dehong Prefecture.Distinguished vips attending the ceremony included Zhao Jun,editor-in-chief of CICG Asia-Pacific,Sun Jie,deputy secretary of the Dehong Prefecture Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and chief of the Publicity Department of the Committee,U Thwin Htet Lin,Consul-General of Myanmar in Kunming,and U Ang Ruomo,chief executive officer of the Muse Township Government of Myanmar.展开更多
On March 28,2025,a catastrophic M 7.9 earthquake shook central Myanmar,causing extensive damage to buildings,significant casualties,and substantial economic loss,making it one of the most severe natural disasters Myan...On March 28,2025,a catastrophic M 7.9 earthquake shook central Myanmar,causing extensive damage to buildings,significant casualties,and substantial economic loss,making it one of the most severe natural disasters Myanmar has faced in recent years.During an on-site investigation that lasted two weeks,widely spreading liquefaction phenomena and associated damage to buildings and other facilities were investigated in 16 villages or districts in the seismic zones,involving hundreds of residential houses,two large bridges,underground storage tanks,etc.Ground fissures generated by liquefaction tore apart houses,which contributed to a significant impact on house damage.The loss of ground bearing capacity is another impact of liquefaction with regard to structural damage,causing the subsidence and tilting of houses.Several consequences of liquefaction were identified,such as lateral spreading,which demolishes houses and causes casualties,as well as damage to two large bridges as a result of lateral spreading.The cases of liquefaction following the Myanmar earthquake reported on herein provide data and lessons for future seismic desigs to help prevent such disasters in Southeast Asia.Through analyzing the phenomena and characteristics of soil liquefaction,the methods and techniques for liquefaction hazard mitigation in other countries also can be improved.展开更多
Myanmar has long been involved in the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism,becoming the country with the most approved projects under the LMC Special Fund.Development in areas such as agriculture,animal husbandry,...Myanmar has long been involved in the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism,becoming the country with the most approved projects under the LMC Special Fund.Development in areas such as agriculture,animal husbandry,and infrastructure has benefited significantly,and poverty has been alleviated to some extent.Although China has faced challenges in advancing poverty reduction projects within the LMC framework in Myanmar in recent years,poverty reduction cooperation between the two countries will overcome di$culties and persist.展开更多
The objectives of this qualitative research were:(a)to analyze the challenges faced by English literature teachers in teaching English through literature curriculum in English as a foreign language(EFL)classrooms of M...The objectives of this qualitative research were:(a)to analyze the challenges faced by English literature teachers in teaching English through literature curriculum in English as a foreign language(EFL)classrooms of Myanmar;and(b)to examine the insights from stakeholders towards teaching English through literature curriculum in EFL classrooms of Myanmar.The samples were composed of 27 English literature teachers from specific Arts and Science Universities,six government officials and three local business leaders.They were selected through a purposive sampling method.The research conducted through a semi-structured interview,classroom observation,and focus group discussion.Content analysis and document analysis were used to analyze the data.The findings suggest that challenges can be categorized into three groups:student-related,teacher-related,and external factors.Additionally,the study highlights the importance of students’language proficiency,linguistic,and stylistic complexity of texts,and cultural familiarity in influencing the teaching-learning process.The results contribute to a better understanding of the challenges faced by English literature teachers in Myanmar,offering insights for the improvement of teaching practices in this context.展开更多
During this year’s“two sessions”(annual meetings of China’s top legislative and political advisory bodies)from March 4 to 11,Chinese Premier Li Qiang delivered the Government Work Report on March 5,and Foreign Min...During this year’s“two sessions”(annual meetings of China’s top legislative and political advisory bodies)from March 4 to 11,Chinese Premier Li Qiang delivered the Government Work Report on March 5,and Foreign Minister Wang Yi answered questions from Chinese and foreign reporters on China’s foreign policy and foreign relations at a March 7 press conference.展开更多
This paper reports the recorded structural responses of four 170 m–320 m tall buildings in China to the mainshock of the M 7.9 Myanmar earthquake on March 28,2025.The buildings are located approximately 1200 km–2000...This paper reports the recorded structural responses of four 170 m–320 m tall buildings in China to the mainshock of the M 7.9 Myanmar earthquake on March 28,2025.The buildings are located approximately 1200 km–2000 km away from the epicenter.The following observations are made by preliminary analysis of the data:(1)the base motion of the buildings exhibited significant long-period components in the range of 2 s–10 s;(2)the identified fundamental periods were much larger than the empirical equations in the design codes,suggesting that the empirical equations may be overly conservative;(3)the amplification of floor accelerations was much more significant than code provisions for determining the seismic demands on non-structural elements,possibly attributing to the overly high damping ratios assumed in the design codes;(4)the buildings exhibited large enough equivalent lateral stiffnesses to satisfy the drift limit under frequent earthquakes by the Chinese seismic provisions,and(5)the significant durations of the shaking of the upper floors of the buildings were comparable to those of the base motions.展开更多
During this year’s Two Sessions(annual meetings of China’s top legislative and political advisory bodies),Wei Gang,deputy to the National People’s Congress and governor of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefectur...During this year’s Two Sessions(annual meetings of China’s top legislative and political advisory bodies),Wei Gang,deputy to the National People’s Congress and governor of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province,sat down for an exclusive interview with China Report ASEAN.展开更多
The March 28,2025 Myanmar earthquake generated ground shaking that was perceptible throughout Myanmar and adjacent regions.This study simulated three-component ground motions across the affected region using an improv...The March 28,2025 Myanmar earthquake generated ground shaking that was perceptible throughout Myanmar and adjacent regions.This study simulated three-component ground motions across the affected region using an improved stochastic finite-fault method to systematically assess seismic impacts.Observed near-field recordings at MM.NGU station was used to determine the reliability of the theoretically derived stress drop as input for simulation.Far-field recordings constrained the frequency-dependent S-wave quality factors(Q(f)=283.305f^(0.588))for anelastic attenuation modeling.Comparisons of peak accelerations between simulation and empirical ground-motion models showed good agreement at moderate-to-large distances.However,lower near-fault simulations indicate a weaker-than-average source effect.Analysis of simulated instrumental seismic intensity revealed key patterns.Maximum intensity(Ⅹ)occurred in isolated patches within the ruptured fault projection,correlating with shallow high-slip areas.TheⅨ-intensity zone formed a north-south elongated band centered on fault projection.Significant asymmetry inⅧ-intensity distribution perpendicular to the fault strike was observed,with a wider western extension attributed to lower shear-wave velocities west of the fault.Supershear rupture behavior enhanced ground motions,expanding intensity ranges by~20%compared to sub-shear rupture.This study reveals the integrated effects of fault geometry,slip spatial distribution,rupture velocity,and site condition in governing ground motion patterns.展开更多
After the earthquake struck Myanmar on March 28th,China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)immediately contacted the emergency management department for the registration process of non-governmental rescue fo...After the earthquake struck Myanmar on March 28th,China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)immediately contacted the emergency management department for the registration process of non-governmental rescue forces participating in earthquake relief work and guided its member organisations and partners to orderly participate in the disaster relief.展开更多
A great earthquake struck central Myanmar on March 28,2025,causing extensive and severe damage in Myanmar and neighboring countries such as Thailand.Observed waveforms indicated the possibility of supershear rupture a...A great earthquake struck central Myanmar on March 28,2025,causing extensive and severe damage in Myanmar and neighboring countries such as Thailand.Observed waveforms indicated the possibility of supershear rupture at the source of this event.To investigate this possibility,a joint source inversion using near-field and teleseismic waveforms was performed.The fault model used,with a total length of 580 km,comprises five segments with varying strike directions and dip angles.Within the first 10 s after initiation at the hypocenter,the rupture propagated southward at a high speed of 5–6 km/s.while rupture in the northern direction proceeded at a speed lower than the local S-wave velocity of 3.5 km/s.Subsequently,the rupture propagated bilaterally in both northern and southern directions at high speeds of 5–6 km/s.The largest asperity,with a maximum slip of 5–6 m,occurred in the shallow part of the fault model,approximately 240 km south of the hypocenter.Large slips of 2–3 m were also found near the southern end of the fault model.Slips on the fault plane were dominated by strike-slip components,though slips south of the largest asperity included significant dip-slip components.展开更多
A devastating MW 7.7 earthquake struck near Mandalay,Myanmar,on March 28,2025,causing extensive damage and casualties across Myanmar and neighboring regions.The 2025 event occurred in a well-recognized seismic gap alo...A devastating MW 7.7 earthquake struck near Mandalay,Myanmar,on March 28,2025,causing extensive damage and casualties across Myanmar and neighboring regions.The 2025 event occurred in a well-recognized seismic gap along the Sagaing Fault.Here we focus on the mainshock rupture properties based on backprojection of teleseismic P waves and early aftershock locations,analysis of near-field seismic recordings for the mainshock initiation,and remotely triggered seismicity following the MW 7.7 mainshock.We find that the~500 km mainshock rupture can be revealed by both rapid back-projection of teleseismic P waves from multiple broadband arrays and early aftershock locations within about 3 h from the Thai Meteorological Department(TMD)catalog.The rupture speed went supershear in the southward propagation after the initial bilateral subshear ruptures,as expected for large strike-slip earthquakes of such sizes.Clear fault zone head waves that are reflected along a bimaterial fault interface are observed at the only near-fault station GE.NPW on the slower side about 2.6 km away from the Sagaing fault,consistent with the preferred direction of a supershear rupture propagating to the south.In addition,aftershocks from the regional TMD catalog appear to be located mostly to the east of the mainshock rupture.While we cannot completely rule out mis-locations from the one-sided station distribution,these off-fault seismicity could also be explained by reactivations of subsidiary faults within the Shan Plateau,or an eastward dipping of the mainshock rupture plane.Although no immediate foreshocks were found from several nearby stations,we identify one sub-event with magnitude~6 at the beginning of the mainshock with a slightly different focal mechanism about 20–30 km south of the hypocenter determined by the United States Geological Survey(USGS).The mainshock also occurred when the tidal stresses reached its maximum on the right-lateral strike-slip fault,likely indicating that the timing of the mainshock is modulated by the solid earth tides.We find a significant increase of seismic activity near the Thailand/Myanmar border,in multiple(geothermally active)regions of Yunnan province in Southwest China,as well as the Xingfengjian reservoir in the Guangdong province in South China.Because static stress changes from the mainshock are small but negative near the Thailand/Myanmar border,the occurrence of microseismicity in this and other regions can be mainly explained by remote triggering from dynamic stress changes of the mainshock rupture.Our analyses demonstrate the importance of rapid analysis on openly available seismic data and catalog to better understand the rupture properties and triggered seismicity following large earthquakes.展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2023YFC3805201Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant Nos.2024B29 and 2024B25。
文摘Following a magnitude M 7.9 earthquake that struck near Mandalay,Myanmar in March 2025,this study investigates the seismic damage inflicted upon the city’s municipal water supply system.The analysis focuses on the failure characteristics of water facilities and pipelines,examines cross-system cascading effects,and proposes corresponding recovery strategies.The main findings are as follows:(1)The damage to water plant facilities,concentrated in ancillary structures and connections due to insufficient seismic measures,demonstrated significant intensity-dependence.Increased seismic intensity not only aggravated structural damage but also compromised core treatment processes,leading to deteriorated water quality.(2)Within the same seismic intensity zone,high-density polyethylene(HDPE)pipes exhibited a significantly lower damage occurrence rate than ductile iron(DI)pipes,highlighting the material’s substantial influence on seismic performance.Moreover,a strong positive correlation was observed between the overall pipeline network damage and the seismic intensity.The average damage rate in IntensityⅨzones was 6.84 times that of IntensityⅧzones.(3)A cascading failure,initiated by a power outage,led to water supply disruption,loss of emergency response capability,and elevated secondary risks.This strongly coupled cross-system effect resulted in significant spatiotemporal propagation of disaster impacts.(4)The post-earthquake recovery adopted a phased strategy that prioritized critical facilities.Actions involved rapidly restoring the core supply zone with temporary points,reinstating the water plant’s power supply,and deploying targeted technologies for efficient pipeline repair.The outcomes of this study are expected to provide critical support and a valuable reference for developing earthquake-resilient urban water supply systems.
文摘From 22nd to 23rd July 2025,China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)and the All-China Women's Federation(ACWF),together with the Myanmar-China Exchange and Cooperation Association(MCECA),held a handover ceremony of humanitarian aid supplies to Myanmar in Nay Pyi Taw within the framework of the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity".
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.U2239252National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52279128Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China under Grant No.YQ2022E013。
文摘Dispatched by the Chinese government,a multidisciplinary team of 30 researchers collaborated with a team from Myanmar to conduct a 14-day on-site investigation.The work encompassed seismic intensity assessments,field surveys,and loss evaluations.The paper focuses on the intensity distribution and structural damage characteristics of the 2025 M7.9 Myanmar earthquake,yielding the following key findings.(1)The seismogenic fault rupture propagated in a nearly N-S direction,with a surface rupture length of approximately 450 km.The seismic impact zone exhibited an elongated N-S distribution and a shorter E-W span,distributed like a belt around the seismogenic fault.(2)Within the seismic impact zones,existing buildings comprised five primary structural types,with timber(bamboo)structures constituting the largest proportion(≈80%in rural areas,≈50%in urban areas).The relatively low disaster losses and casualties were primarily attributable to the good seismic performance and low damage ratio of timber(bamboo)structures across varying intensity zones.(3)An anomalous zone of intensityⅨwas located at the boundary between intensityⅥandⅦregions in Nay Pyi Taw.Here,ridge topography combined with soft soil layers significantly amplified ground motion,exacerbating structural damage.(4)Directional effects of ground motion were observed,with the structural damage phenomena and peak ground acceleration(PGA)values in the N-S direction exceeding those in the E-W direction.This validates that the maximum PGA distribution of strike-slip fault earthquakes aligns with the fault strike.The research is expected to provide technical support for post-disaster reconstruction planning,site selection,and disaster mitigation strategies in Myanmar.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars under Grant No.52125806Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant No.2021B03。
文摘On March 28,2025,an M_(w) 7.7 earthquake struck near Mandalay,Myanmar,producing intense ground shaking.Strong motion recorded at a station close to the fault indicated a peak ground acceleration of 1.066 g in the vertical direction and 0.631 g in the horizontal direction.The earthquake caused collapse or severe damage of numerous buildings,resulting in thousands of fatalities and injuries,as well as substantial economic losses.The authors participated in the post-earthquake emergency response as members of the China Search and Rescue Team.During the rescue operations,an investigation into the characteristics of collapsed structures was conducted and the stability of building debris was assessed to ensure the safety of rescue efforts.Subsequently,a rapid seismic safety assessment of affected structures was carried out,including nine city residential blocks,two hospitals,and two apartments.Preliminary analyses indicate that the main causes of structural failure were insufficient cross-sectional dimensions of beams and columns,inadequate stirrup reinforcement,and lack of structural redundancy.
基金2020 Yunnan Province International Commissioner(Individual)Recognition Work Project(202003AK140041)2024 Yunnan Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Innovation Team:Research on the Exchange and Integration of Traditional Medicine in Yunnan(2024CX09)2023 Hospital-level Project of School of Basic Medical Sciences,Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,“Comparison and Research on Traditional Medicine Treatment Methods in China and Burma”(2023CBMS009).
文摘Traditional medicine in Myanmar has a long history,combining the local natural environment,culture,and religious beliefs to form a unique medical system.This article adopts the method of literature research,focusing on the existing book“Milestones of Traditional Medicine in Myanmar”,and reviewing existing literature to analyze historical and contemporary sources.Elaborate on the question of how the history of traditional medicine in Myanmar originated and has continued to develop until now.These histories have proven that traditional medicine in Myanmar,despite facing numerous obstacles,has always been used by the people of Myanmar and has unique value,which deserves our continued attention and inheritance.
基金Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant No.2024C26the Earthquake Science and Technology Spark Program under Grant No.XH24038YB。
文摘On March 28,2025,an M_(w) 7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar,causing extensive damage to engineering facilities,causing thousands of casualties.In addition,at 2 km-by-2 km square,Mandalay Royal Palace,famous as an important historical and cultural relic facility,also suffered significant damage.A detailed field investigation took place after the earthquake,with subsequent analysis of post-earthquake high-resolution remote sensing images.It was found that damage was concentrated primarily to the four exterior walls of the palace.Specifically,many parts of the walls broke off or collapsed,and some of the palace gates and watchtowers on the walls were destroyed or even collapsed.The collapse rate of the palace gates was significantly higher than that of the watchtowers and palace walls,and the degree of damage to the north and south sides of the palace walls was significantly higher than that of the east or west sides.This special spatial damage distribution may be related to the strike-slip movement of the Sagaing fault.The research results not only serve as a valuable reference for understanding the ground motion characteristics of this destructive earthquake but also help learn lessons to better protect cultural relics against the effects of future earthquakes.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of the Republic of China(Nos.2023YFC3007303,2017YFB0504104)the Science and Technology Projects of Gansu Provincial(No.24JRRA1188)。
文摘INTRODUCTION On March 28,2025,at 06:20:52 UTC,a shallow,magnitude M_(w)7.7 earthquake struck Myanmar(Burma)with an epicenter near the major city of Mandalay.This event,the strongest seismic activity recorded in Myanmar since 1950,generated intense shaking across much of the country,extended into regions of Thailand,and was felt in China's Yunnan and Guangxi provinces.
文摘This article is based on remarks delivered by U Tin Maung Swe,Myanmar Ambassador to China,at the ASEAN-China(Beijing Municipal Administrative Center)Trade and Investment Promotion Conference,and has been edited for clarity and readability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41672222)the State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan.
文摘Eastern Myanmar is the key position linking between SW Yunnan and northern Thailand for better understanding of Tethyan evolution.However,the actual location and evolution of the Tethyan suture zone are still unclear in eastern Myanmar.The present study focuses on the geochronological,geochemical and zircon Lu-Hf isotopic study on the plutonic rocks,including granite,diorite and gabbroic rocks,from the Tachileik area,eastern Myanmar.These plutonic rocks yielded zircon U-Pb weighted mean ages of ca.353–355 Ma,suggesting the Early Carboniferous emplacement.The Tachileik granites are high-K calc-alkaline,weakly peraluminous and have low P2O5 contents,which are typical features of I-type granites.They have positive zircon ε_(Hf)(t)values(+4.5−+7.4)with T_(DM2) ages of 981–825 Ma,indicating a juvenile mafic lower crust source.The Tachileik gabbros and diorites show high Al_(2)O_(3) contents and Mg#,but low TiO_(2) and K_(2)O contents,belonging to tholeiitic and calc-alkaline basalt series.They are characterized by enrichments in large ion lithophile elements(LILEs,e.g.,Rb,Ba and Sr),depletions in high field strength elements(HFSEs)and distinctly negative Nb and Ta anomalies,similar to the volcanic arc basalt.The zircon Hf isotopic(+4.7−+7.1)and whole-rock geochemical data imply that the Tachileik gabros and diorites probably resulted from partial melting of lithospheric mantle in the spinel stability field within an arc-related setting.The magmatic rocks can be grouped to the Late Devonian–Early Carboniferous magmatic rock and pyroclastic rock zone from SW Yunnan to northern Thailand based on their age and geochemical characters.The zone was formed in the post-collisional extension-related tectonic setting of the Proto-Tethys.This study provides important evidences for the evolution of the Proto-Tethys in Southwest Yunnan and Southeast Asia.
文摘On the evening of January 5,the 2025 China-Myanmar Cross-Border Spring Festival Gala was held under the theme“One River,One Family”in Dehong Prefecture,southwest China’s Yunnan Province.During the event,a ceremony was held for the inauguration of the“Paukphaw(‘fraternal’in Burmese)Mingalaba(‘Nice to meet you!’)”China-Myanmar People-to-People Exchange Base jointly established by the Center for Asia-Pacific under China International Communications Group(CICG Asia-Pacific)and the government of Dehong Prefecture.Distinguished vips attending the ceremony included Zhao Jun,editor-in-chief of CICG Asia-Pacific,Sun Jie,deputy secretary of the Dehong Prefecture Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and chief of the Publicity Department of the Committee,U Thwin Htet Lin,Consul-General of Myanmar in Kunming,and U Ang Ruomo,chief executive officer of the Muse Township Government of Myanmar.
基金Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant No.2024A03。
文摘On March 28,2025,a catastrophic M 7.9 earthquake shook central Myanmar,causing extensive damage to buildings,significant casualties,and substantial economic loss,making it one of the most severe natural disasters Myanmar has faced in recent years.During an on-site investigation that lasted two weeks,widely spreading liquefaction phenomena and associated damage to buildings and other facilities were investigated in 16 villages or districts in the seismic zones,involving hundreds of residential houses,two large bridges,underground storage tanks,etc.Ground fissures generated by liquefaction tore apart houses,which contributed to a significant impact on house damage.The loss of ground bearing capacity is another impact of liquefaction with regard to structural damage,causing the subsidence and tilting of houses.Several consequences of liquefaction were identified,such as lateral spreading,which demolishes houses and causes casualties,as well as damage to two large bridges as a result of lateral spreading.The cases of liquefaction following the Myanmar earthquake reported on herein provide data and lessons for future seismic desigs to help prevent such disasters in Southeast Asia.Through analyzing the phenomena and characteristics of soil liquefaction,the methods and techniques for liquefaction hazard mitigation in other countries also can be improved.
文摘Myanmar has long been involved in the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism,becoming the country with the most approved projects under the LMC Special Fund.Development in areas such as agriculture,animal husbandry,and infrastructure has benefited significantly,and poverty has been alleviated to some extent.Although China has faced challenges in advancing poverty reduction projects within the LMC framework in Myanmar in recent years,poverty reduction cooperation between the two countries will overcome di$culties and persist.
文摘The objectives of this qualitative research were:(a)to analyze the challenges faced by English literature teachers in teaching English through literature curriculum in English as a foreign language(EFL)classrooms of Myanmar;and(b)to examine the insights from stakeholders towards teaching English through literature curriculum in EFL classrooms of Myanmar.The samples were composed of 27 English literature teachers from specific Arts and Science Universities,six government officials and three local business leaders.They were selected through a purposive sampling method.The research conducted through a semi-structured interview,classroom observation,and focus group discussion.Content analysis and document analysis were used to analyze the data.The findings suggest that challenges can be categorized into three groups:student-related,teacher-related,and external factors.Additionally,the study highlights the importance of students’language proficiency,linguistic,and stylistic complexity of texts,and cultural familiarity in influencing the teaching-learning process.The results contribute to a better understanding of the challenges faced by English literature teachers in Myanmar,offering insights for the improvement of teaching practices in this context.
文摘During this year’s“two sessions”(annual meetings of China’s top legislative and political advisory bodies)from March 4 to 11,Chinese Premier Li Qiang delivered the Government Work Report on March 5,and Foreign Minister Wang Yi answered questions from Chinese and foreign reporters on China’s foreign policy and foreign relations at a March 7 press conference.
基金the Key Science and Technology Project of the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People’s Republic of China(2024EMST040403)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFC3012802)the Scientific Research Fund from Institute of Seismology,CEA and National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China(IS202216317).
文摘This paper reports the recorded structural responses of four 170 m–320 m tall buildings in China to the mainshock of the M 7.9 Myanmar earthquake on March 28,2025.The buildings are located approximately 1200 km–2000 km away from the epicenter.The following observations are made by preliminary analysis of the data:(1)the base motion of the buildings exhibited significant long-period components in the range of 2 s–10 s;(2)the identified fundamental periods were much larger than the empirical equations in the design codes,suggesting that the empirical equations may be overly conservative;(3)the amplification of floor accelerations was much more significant than code provisions for determining the seismic demands on non-structural elements,possibly attributing to the overly high damping ratios assumed in the design codes;(4)the buildings exhibited large enough equivalent lateral stiffnesses to satisfy the drift limit under frequent earthquakes by the Chinese seismic provisions,and(5)the significant durations of the shaking of the upper floors of the buildings were comparable to those of the base motions.
文摘During this year’s Two Sessions(annual meetings of China’s top legislative and political advisory bodies),Wei Gang,deputy to the National People’s Congress and governor of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province,sat down for an exclusive interview with China Report ASEAN.
基金National Key R&D Program of China under Grant No.2022YFC3003601。
文摘The March 28,2025 Myanmar earthquake generated ground shaking that was perceptible throughout Myanmar and adjacent regions.This study simulated three-component ground motions across the affected region using an improved stochastic finite-fault method to systematically assess seismic impacts.Observed near-field recordings at MM.NGU station was used to determine the reliability of the theoretically derived stress drop as input for simulation.Far-field recordings constrained the frequency-dependent S-wave quality factors(Q(f)=283.305f^(0.588))for anelastic attenuation modeling.Comparisons of peak accelerations between simulation and empirical ground-motion models showed good agreement at moderate-to-large distances.However,lower near-fault simulations indicate a weaker-than-average source effect.Analysis of simulated instrumental seismic intensity revealed key patterns.Maximum intensity(Ⅹ)occurred in isolated patches within the ruptured fault projection,correlating with shallow high-slip areas.TheⅨ-intensity zone formed a north-south elongated band centered on fault projection.Significant asymmetry inⅧ-intensity distribution perpendicular to the fault strike was observed,with a wider western extension attributed to lower shear-wave velocities west of the fault.Supershear rupture behavior enhanced ground motions,expanding intensity ranges by~20%compared to sub-shear rupture.This study reveals the integrated effects of fault geometry,slip spatial distribution,rupture velocity,and site condition in governing ground motion patterns.
文摘After the earthquake struck Myanmar on March 28th,China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)immediately contacted the emergency management department for the registration process of non-governmental rescue forces participating in earthquake relief work and guided its member organisations and partners to orderly participate in the disaster relief.
基金Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant No.2024B15National Natural Science Fundation of China under Grant Nos.U2239252 and 52478567Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province under Grant No.JQ2023E002。
文摘A great earthquake struck central Myanmar on March 28,2025,causing extensive and severe damage in Myanmar and neighboring countries such as Thailand.Observed waveforms indicated the possibility of supershear rupture at the source of this event.To investigate this possibility,a joint source inversion using near-field and teleseismic waveforms was performed.The fault model used,with a total length of 580 km,comprises five segments with varying strike directions and dip angles.Within the first 10 s after initiation at the hypocenter,the rupture propagated southward at a high speed of 5–6 km/s.while rupture in the northern direction proceeded at a speed lower than the local S-wave velocity of 3.5 km/s.Subsequently,the rupture propagated bilaterally in both northern and southern directions at high speeds of 5–6 km/s.The largest asperity,with a maximum slip of 5–6 m,occurred in the shallow part of the fault model,approximately 240 km south of the hypocenter.Large slips of 2–3 m were also found near the southern end of the fault model.Slips on the fault plane were dominated by strike-slip components,though slips south of the largest asperity included significant dip-slip components.
基金supported by the National Nonprofit Fundamental Research Grant of China, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration (grant number IGCEA2504)partially supported by National Science Foundation Grant RISE-2425889+1 种基金supported by Earthquake Prediction Open Fund, China Earthquake Administration (Grant No. XH25006D)supported by the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 164GJHZ2023006MI)
文摘A devastating MW 7.7 earthquake struck near Mandalay,Myanmar,on March 28,2025,causing extensive damage and casualties across Myanmar and neighboring regions.The 2025 event occurred in a well-recognized seismic gap along the Sagaing Fault.Here we focus on the mainshock rupture properties based on backprojection of teleseismic P waves and early aftershock locations,analysis of near-field seismic recordings for the mainshock initiation,and remotely triggered seismicity following the MW 7.7 mainshock.We find that the~500 km mainshock rupture can be revealed by both rapid back-projection of teleseismic P waves from multiple broadband arrays and early aftershock locations within about 3 h from the Thai Meteorological Department(TMD)catalog.The rupture speed went supershear in the southward propagation after the initial bilateral subshear ruptures,as expected for large strike-slip earthquakes of such sizes.Clear fault zone head waves that are reflected along a bimaterial fault interface are observed at the only near-fault station GE.NPW on the slower side about 2.6 km away from the Sagaing fault,consistent with the preferred direction of a supershear rupture propagating to the south.In addition,aftershocks from the regional TMD catalog appear to be located mostly to the east of the mainshock rupture.While we cannot completely rule out mis-locations from the one-sided station distribution,these off-fault seismicity could also be explained by reactivations of subsidiary faults within the Shan Plateau,or an eastward dipping of the mainshock rupture plane.Although no immediate foreshocks were found from several nearby stations,we identify one sub-event with magnitude~6 at the beginning of the mainshock with a slightly different focal mechanism about 20–30 km south of the hypocenter determined by the United States Geological Survey(USGS).The mainshock also occurred when the tidal stresses reached its maximum on the right-lateral strike-slip fault,likely indicating that the timing of the mainshock is modulated by the solid earth tides.We find a significant increase of seismic activity near the Thailand/Myanmar border,in multiple(geothermally active)regions of Yunnan province in Southwest China,as well as the Xingfengjian reservoir in the Guangdong province in South China.Because static stress changes from the mainshock are small but negative near the Thailand/Myanmar border,the occurrence of microseismicity in this and other regions can be mainly explained by remote triggering from dynamic stress changes of the mainshock rupture.Our analyses demonstrate the importance of rapid analysis on openly available seismic data and catalog to better understand the rupture properties and triggered seismicity following large earthquakes.
