The 10 January 2018 Mw7.5 Swan island,Honduras earthquake occurred on the Swan island fault,which is a transform plate boundary between the North American and Caribbean plates.Here we back-project the rupture process ...The 10 January 2018 Mw7.5 Swan island,Honduras earthquake occurred on the Swan island fault,which is a transform plate boundary between the North American and Caribbean plates.Here we back-project the rupture process of the earthquake using dense seismic stations in Alaska,and find that the earthquake ruptured at least three faults(three stages)for a duration of~40 s.The rupture speed for the longest fault(stage 3)is as fast as 5 km/s,which is much faster than the local shear wave velocity of~4 km/s.Supershear rupture was incidentally observed on long and straight strike-slip faults.This study shows a supershear rupture that occured on a strike-slip fault with moderate length,implying that supershear rupture might commonly occur on large strike-slip earthquakes.The common occurrence of supershear rupture on strike-slip earthquakes will challenge present understanding of crack physics,as well as strong ground motion evaluation in earthquake engineering.展开更多
On February 6,2023,southeastern Türkiye experienced a devastating earthquake doublet along the East Anatolian Fault(EAF),with moment magnitude(MW)values of 7.8 and 7.5.These strong earthquakes resulted in at leas...On February 6,2023,southeastern Türkiye experienced a devastating earthquake doublet along the East Anatolian Fault(EAF),with moment magnitude(MW)values of 7.8 and 7.5.These strong earthquakes resulted in at least 50,000 deaths and severe economic losses.Systematic research on coseismic surface ruptures induced by these events is vital for assessing the cascade rupture behaviors of plate boundary faults and future seismic hazards in the region.Interpretation of high-resolution post-earthquake satellite images and field investigations yielded the following results:(1)the two strong earthquakes had separate rupture zones.The first earthquake generated an approximately 280 km coseismic surface rupture along the southwestern segment of the main EAF,with 241 left-lateral displacements reaching up to 6.8±0.68 m,particularly 40 km northeast of the epicenter.The second earthquake produced a roughly 110 km surface rupture on an east-west branch of the EAF,with maximum displacements of 7.2±0.72 m.(2)The MW7.8 earthquake resulted in a cascading rupture across multiple segments of the southwestern section of the main EAF,with significantly variable displacements.The northeastern and southwestern parts of the main EAF and Malatya Fault remain at risk of strong earthquakes in the future.(3)The EAF rupture zone is densely populated,and due to the site amplification effect of loose sediments on foreland alluvial fans,foundation failures of buildings in the populated areas are common.Therefore,it is crucial to enhance the future seismic fortification capabilities in urban and rural areas along the EAF.展开更多
The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates caused a massive surface uplift and formed the Himalayas.Throughout the 2500-km long Himalaya mountain range,significant earthquake hazards have occurred either on the i...The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates caused a massive surface uplift and formed the Himalayas.Throughout the 2500-km long Himalaya mountain range,significant earthquake hazards have occurred either on the interface between the plates,above the interface at the Himalayan wedge.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC0603500)Programme on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction(GASI-GEOGE-02)+2 种基金NSFC(Nos.41474050,41425012,41874062 and 41922025)111 project(No.BP0719022)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)CUG170602(D.W.).
文摘The 10 January 2018 Mw7.5 Swan island,Honduras earthquake occurred on the Swan island fault,which is a transform plate boundary between the North American and Caribbean plates.Here we back-project the rupture process of the earthquake using dense seismic stations in Alaska,and find that the earthquake ruptured at least three faults(three stages)for a duration of~40 s.The rupture speed for the longest fault(stage 3)is as fast as 5 km/s,which is much faster than the local shear wave velocity of~4 km/s.Supershear rupture was incidentally observed on long and straight strike-slip faults.This study shows a supershear rupture that occured on a strike-slip fault with moderate length,implying that supershear rupture might commonly occur on large strike-slip earthquakes.The common occurrence of supershear rupture on strike-slip earthquakes will challenge present understanding of crack physics,as well as strong ground motion evaluation in earthquake engineering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42041006,42072248)the National Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(Grant No.2021FY10010405)+1 种基金the Basic Scientific Funding of the Institute of Geology,CEA(Grant No.IGCEA2302)the Basic Research Program of the Institute of Earthquake Forecasting,CEA(Grant Nos.CEAIEF20240402,CEAIEF20230602,2021IEF0104,CEAIEF20240302)。
文摘On February 6,2023,southeastern Türkiye experienced a devastating earthquake doublet along the East Anatolian Fault(EAF),with moment magnitude(MW)values of 7.8 and 7.5.These strong earthquakes resulted in at least 50,000 deaths and severe economic losses.Systematic research on coseismic surface ruptures induced by these events is vital for assessing the cascade rupture behaviors of plate boundary faults and future seismic hazards in the region.Interpretation of high-resolution post-earthquake satellite images and field investigations yielded the following results:(1)the two strong earthquakes had separate rupture zones.The first earthquake generated an approximately 280 km coseismic surface rupture along the southwestern segment of the main EAF,with 241 left-lateral displacements reaching up to 6.8±0.68 m,particularly 40 km northeast of the epicenter.The second earthquake produced a roughly 110 km surface rupture on an east-west branch of the EAF,with maximum displacements of 7.2±0.72 m.(2)The MW7.8 earthquake resulted in a cascading rupture across multiple segments of the southwestern section of the main EAF,with significantly variable displacements.The northeastern and southwestern parts of the main EAF and Malatya Fault remain at risk of strong earthquakes in the future.(3)The EAF rupture zone is densely populated,and due to the site amplification effect of loose sediments on foreland alluvial fans,foundation failures of buildings in the populated areas are common.Therefore,it is crucial to enhance the future seismic fortification capabilities in urban and rural areas along the EAF.
基金supported by the grants of the Wong K.C.Education Foundation(No.GJTD-201904)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(No.2019QZKK07)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.419881010104)
文摘The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates caused a massive surface uplift and formed the Himalayas.Throughout the 2500-km long Himalaya mountain range,significant earthquake hazards have occurred either on the interface between the plates,above the interface at the Himalayan wedge.
