The 10 January 2018 Mw7.5 Swan island,Honduras earthquake occurred on the Swan island fault,which is a transform plate boundary between the North American and Caribbean plates.Here we back-project the rupture process ...The 10 January 2018 Mw7.5 Swan island,Honduras earthquake occurred on the Swan island fault,which is a transform plate boundary between the North American and Caribbean plates.Here we back-project the rupture process of the earthquake using dense seismic stations in Alaska,and find that the earthquake ruptured at least three faults(three stages)for a duration of~40 s.The rupture speed for the longest fault(stage 3)is as fast as 5 km/s,which is much faster than the local shear wave velocity of~4 km/s.Supershear rupture was incidentally observed on long and straight strike-slip faults.This study shows a supershear rupture that occured on a strike-slip fault with moderate length,implying that supershear rupture might commonly occur on large strike-slip earthquakes.The common occurrence of supershear rupture on strike-slip earthquakes will challenge present understanding of crack physics,as well as strong ground motion evaluation in earthquake engineering.展开更多
On February 6,2023,southeastern Türkiye experienced a devastating earthquake doublet along the East Anatolian Fault(EAF),with moment magnitude(MW)values of 7.8 and 7.5.These strong earthquakes resulted in at leas...On February 6,2023,southeastern Türkiye experienced a devastating earthquake doublet along the East Anatolian Fault(EAF),with moment magnitude(MW)values of 7.8 and 7.5.These strong earthquakes resulted in at least 50,000 deaths and severe economic losses.Systematic research on coseismic surface ruptures induced by these events is vital for assessing the cascade rupture behaviors of plate boundary faults and future seismic hazards in the region.Interpretation of high-resolution post-earthquake satellite images and field investigations yielded the following results:(1)the two strong earthquakes had separate rupture zones.The first earthquake generated an approximately 280 km coseismic surface rupture along the southwestern segment of the main EAF,with 241 left-lateral displacements reaching up to 6.8±0.68 m,particularly 40 km northeast of the epicenter.The second earthquake produced a roughly 110 km surface rupture on an east-west branch of the EAF,with maximum displacements of 7.2±0.72 m.(2)The MW7.8 earthquake resulted in a cascading rupture across multiple segments of the southwestern section of the main EAF,with significantly variable displacements.The northeastern and southwestern parts of the main EAF and Malatya Fault remain at risk of strong earthquakes in the future.(3)The EAF rupture zone is densely populated,and due to the site amplification effect of loose sediments on foreland alluvial fans,foundation failures of buildings in the populated areas are common.Therefore,it is crucial to enhance the future seismic fortification capabilities in urban and rural areas along the EAF.展开更多
The research findings on the ground motion and liquefaction potential analyses during the 2018 Great Indonesia Earthquake(M_(w)7.5)are significant and crucial.The earthquake triggered soil-structure damage due to liqu...The research findings on the ground motion and liquefaction potential analyses during the 2018 Great Indonesia Earthquake(M_(w)7.5)are significant and crucial.The earthquake triggered soil-structure damage due to liquefaction.This study,which thoroughly investigated four sites at Palu,was conducted by performing a comprehensive ground motion parameter analysis.The ground motion characteristics were presented and justified,particularly for the most impacted direction.Ground motion predictions were analysed to define the spectral accelerations,and matching spectral accelerations were conducted to produce ground motions for each site.Non-linear seismic ground response analysis based on the hyperbolic model of pressure pressure-dependent was performed to investigate cyclic soil behaviour.The results revealed that ground motion is crucial in significant soil damage,and the earthquake energy could trigger deep liquefaction.As the most significant ground motion,the vertical ground motion is essential in determining deep liquefaction.The discussion on the impact of liquefaction based on the results of the numerical analysis is presented.Significant ground motion with a longer duration could have a substantial impact on deep liquefaction in the study area.These findings depict how the 2018 Indonesia Earthquake(M_(w)7.5)triggered a mega-liquefaction in Palu City.The results could enhance the understanding of the importance of seismic hazard assessment.It is recommended that site investigation and soil improvement should be planned to counteract liquefaction damage before construction.This study also suggests conducting seismic hazard assessments for city development to minimise the potential disaster impact in the study area.展开更多
The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates caused a massive surface uplift and formed the Himalayas.Throughout the 2500-km long Himalaya mountain range,significant earthquake hazards have occurred either on the i...The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates caused a massive surface uplift and formed the Himalayas.Throughout the 2500-km long Himalaya mountain range,significant earthquake hazards have occurred either on the interface between the plates,above the interface at the Himalayan wedge.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC0603500)Programme on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction(GASI-GEOGE-02)+2 种基金NSFC(Nos.41474050,41425012,41874062 and 41922025)111 project(No.BP0719022)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)CUG170602(D.W.).
文摘The 10 January 2018 Mw7.5 Swan island,Honduras earthquake occurred on the Swan island fault,which is a transform plate boundary between the North American and Caribbean plates.Here we back-project the rupture process of the earthquake using dense seismic stations in Alaska,and find that the earthquake ruptured at least three faults(three stages)for a duration of~40 s.The rupture speed for the longest fault(stage 3)is as fast as 5 km/s,which is much faster than the local shear wave velocity of~4 km/s.Supershear rupture was incidentally observed on long and straight strike-slip faults.This study shows a supershear rupture that occured on a strike-slip fault with moderate length,implying that supershear rupture might commonly occur on large strike-slip earthquakes.The common occurrence of supershear rupture on strike-slip earthquakes will challenge present understanding of crack physics,as well as strong ground motion evaluation in earthquake engineering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42041006,42072248)the National Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(Grant No.2021FY10010405)+1 种基金the Basic Scientific Funding of the Institute of Geology,CEA(Grant No.IGCEA2302)the Basic Research Program of the Institute of Earthquake Forecasting,CEA(Grant Nos.CEAIEF20240402,CEAIEF20230602,2021IEF0104,CEAIEF20240302)。
文摘On February 6,2023,southeastern Türkiye experienced a devastating earthquake doublet along the East Anatolian Fault(EAF),with moment magnitude(MW)values of 7.8 and 7.5.These strong earthquakes resulted in at least 50,000 deaths and severe economic losses.Systematic research on coseismic surface ruptures induced by these events is vital for assessing the cascade rupture behaviors of plate boundary faults and future seismic hazards in the region.Interpretation of high-resolution post-earthquake satellite images and field investigations yielded the following results:(1)the two strong earthquakes had separate rupture zones.The first earthquake generated an approximately 280 km coseismic surface rupture along the southwestern segment of the main EAF,with 241 left-lateral displacements reaching up to 6.8±0.68 m,particularly 40 km northeast of the epicenter.The second earthquake produced a roughly 110 km surface rupture on an east-west branch of the EAF,with maximum displacements of 7.2±0.72 m.(2)The MW7.8 earthquake resulted in a cascading rupture across multiple segments of the southwestern section of the main EAF,with significantly variable displacements.The northeastern and southwestern parts of the main EAF and Malatya Fault remain at risk of strong earthquakes in the future.(3)The EAF rupture zone is densely populated,and due to the site amplification effect of loose sediments on foreland alluvial fans,foundation failures of buildings in the populated areas are common.Therefore,it is crucial to enhance the future seismic fortification capabilities in urban and rural areas along the EAF.
基金The World Class Professor(WCP)Program of the Directorate of Resources,Directorate General of Higher Education,Ministry of Education and Culture in 2023 supports this studythe JAPAN-ASEAN Science and Technology Innovation Platform(JASTIP-WP4)+3 种基金the University of Bengkulu's International Collaboration Research Fund(2183/UN30.15/LT/2019)for partial fundingthe C2F Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship from Chulalongkorn Universitythe Thailand Science Research and Innovation Fund Chulalongkorn University(DISF68210001)the National Research Council of Thailand(N42A670572)。
文摘The research findings on the ground motion and liquefaction potential analyses during the 2018 Great Indonesia Earthquake(M_(w)7.5)are significant and crucial.The earthquake triggered soil-structure damage due to liquefaction.This study,which thoroughly investigated four sites at Palu,was conducted by performing a comprehensive ground motion parameter analysis.The ground motion characteristics were presented and justified,particularly for the most impacted direction.Ground motion predictions were analysed to define the spectral accelerations,and matching spectral accelerations were conducted to produce ground motions for each site.Non-linear seismic ground response analysis based on the hyperbolic model of pressure pressure-dependent was performed to investigate cyclic soil behaviour.The results revealed that ground motion is crucial in significant soil damage,and the earthquake energy could trigger deep liquefaction.As the most significant ground motion,the vertical ground motion is essential in determining deep liquefaction.The discussion on the impact of liquefaction based on the results of the numerical analysis is presented.Significant ground motion with a longer duration could have a substantial impact on deep liquefaction in the study area.These findings depict how the 2018 Indonesia Earthquake(M_(w)7.5)triggered a mega-liquefaction in Palu City.The results could enhance the understanding of the importance of seismic hazard assessment.It is recommended that site investigation and soil improvement should be planned to counteract liquefaction damage before construction.This study also suggests conducting seismic hazard assessments for city development to minimise the potential disaster impact in the study area.
基金supported by the grants of the Wong K.C.Education Foundation(No.GJTD-201904)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(No.2019QZKK07)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.419881010104)
文摘The collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates caused a massive surface uplift and formed the Himalayas.Throughout the 2500-km long Himalaya mountain range,significant earthquake hazards have occurred either on the interface between the plates,above the interface at the Himalayan wedge.
