International development is a challenge that each university must face.The educational mechanism of private undergraduate universities is flexible,and has certain advantages in expanding international education progr...International development is a challenge that each university must face.The educational mechanism of private undergraduate universities is flexible,and has certain advantages in expanding international education programs.Sino-foreign credit mutual recognition programs are more common in private undergraduate universities.With the continuous development of resources and models on international education cooperation,the forms of Sino-foreign credits mutual recognition cooperation are becoming more diversified.The rapid development of Chinese and foreign credit recognition education programs in private undergraduate universities requires scientific and advanced management concepts and support.Young private universities have short international development time and lack of experience.Therefore,relevant issues should be more researched.This paper analyzes the problems and challenges in the education mode and management of Sino-foreign credit mutual recognition projects in private undergraduate universities,and puts forward relevant countermeasures.展开更多
With the continuous advancement of medical research,the number of multi-center clinical studies has been stead-ily increasing,bringing about significant challenges to ethical review.Improving the efficiency and qualit...With the continuous advancement of medical research,the number of multi-center clinical studies has been stead-ily increasing,bringing about significant challenges to ethical review.Improving the efficiency and quality of ethical review has become a necessity driven by national policies and the development of the industry.Mutual recognition of ethical reviews is one of the most effective ways to enhance the efficiency of ethical review in multi-center clinical trials.The promotion of mutual recognition of ethical reviews is both feasible and practically significant;however,pro-gress has been less than ideal.Through conducting surveys,this study attempts to understand the status of mutual recognition of ethical reviews in Jiangsu Province,identify the reasons hindering the implementation of mutual recognition,and propose possible solutions.The results indicate that while most medical and health institutions are aware of the policies related to mutual recognition of ethical reviews,the majority remain in a wait-and-see attitude.Ensuring policy guarantees and the high quality and homogeneity of ethical review across institutions are considered necessary conditions for achieving mutual recognition of ethical reviews.展开更多
1.The importance of synergy between trade and standards In today's global economy,trade development and standards cooperation must move in tandem to make cross-border transactions more rapid,more reliable,and more...1.The importance of synergy between trade and standards In today's global economy,trade development and standards cooperation must move in tandem to make cross-border transactions more rapid,more reliable,and more inclusive.As the digital transformation accelerates,rules and standards are increasing,posing a risk of marginalizing MSMEs.Professor Kim delivered eight keynote speeches in China in 2025.This article summarizes his opinions in the speeches.He identifies a critical operational chain:Trade→Standards→Evidence→Mutual recognition.This sequence reflects the institutional pathway through which trust is established in international trade:standards define common requirements,evidence provides verifiable proof that those requirements are met,and mutual recognition enables that proof to be accepted across borders.In practice,such evidence is generated through conformity assessment processes,which convert compliance with standards into verifiable results such as test reports,certifications,or audit findings.展开更多
In order to solve the poor performance in text classification when using traditional formula of mutual information （MI） , a feature selection algorithm were proposed based on improved mutual information. The improve...In order to solve the poor performance in text classification when using traditional formula of mutual information （MI） , a feature selection algorithm were proposed based on improved mutual information. The improved mutual information algorithm, which is on the basis of traditional improved mutual information methods that enbance the MI value of negative characteristics and feature＇ s frequency, supports the concept of concentration degree and dispersion degree. In accordance with the concept of concentration degree and dispersion degree, formulas which embody concentration degree and dispersion degree were constructed and the improved mutual information was implemented based on these. In this paper, the feature selection algorithm was applied based on improved mutual information to a text classifier based on Biomimetic Pattern Recognition and it was compared with several other feature selection methods. The experimental results showed that the improved mutu- al information feature selection method greatly enhances the performance compared with traditional mutual information feature selection methods and the performance is better than that of information gain. Through the introduction of the concept of concentration degree and dispersion degree, the improved mutual information feature selection method greatly improves the performance of text classification system.展开更多
Chile,a pioneer and benchmark partner for China's free trade.cooperation in Latin America,holds a special position in China-Latin America economic and trade relations.It was the first Latin American country to sig...Chile,a pioneer and benchmark partner for China's free trade.cooperation in Latin America,holds a special position in China-Latin America economic and trade relations.It was the first Latin American country to sign a bilateral free trade agreement with China and the first to reach an upgraded protocol.Chile also established mutual recognition of Authorized Economic Operators(AEO)with China,the first country in South America to do so.展开更多
文摘International development is a challenge that each university must face.The educational mechanism of private undergraduate universities is flexible,and has certain advantages in expanding international education programs.Sino-foreign credit mutual recognition programs are more common in private undergraduate universities.With the continuous development of resources and models on international education cooperation,the forms of Sino-foreign credits mutual recognition cooperation are becoming more diversified.The rapid development of Chinese and foreign credit recognition education programs in private undergraduate universities requires scientific and advanced management concepts and support.Young private universities have short international development time and lack of experience.Therefore,relevant issues should be more researched.This paper analyzes the problems and challenges in the education mode and management of Sino-foreign credit mutual recognition projects in private undergraduate universities,and puts forward relevant countermeasures.
文摘With the continuous advancement of medical research,the number of multi-center clinical studies has been stead-ily increasing,bringing about significant challenges to ethical review.Improving the efficiency and quality of ethical review has become a necessity driven by national policies and the development of the industry.Mutual recognition of ethical reviews is one of the most effective ways to enhance the efficiency of ethical review in multi-center clinical trials.The promotion of mutual recognition of ethical reviews is both feasible and practically significant;however,pro-gress has been less than ideal.Through conducting surveys,this study attempts to understand the status of mutual recognition of ethical reviews in Jiangsu Province,identify the reasons hindering the implementation of mutual recognition,and propose possible solutions.The results indicate that while most medical and health institutions are aware of the policies related to mutual recognition of ethical reviews,the majority remain in a wait-and-see attitude.Ensuring policy guarantees and the high quality and homogeneity of ethical review across institutions are considered necessary conditions for achieving mutual recognition of ethical reviews.
文摘1.The importance of synergy between trade and standards In today's global economy,trade development and standards cooperation must move in tandem to make cross-border transactions more rapid,more reliable,and more inclusive.As the digital transformation accelerates,rules and standards are increasing,posing a risk of marginalizing MSMEs.Professor Kim delivered eight keynote speeches in China in 2025.This article summarizes his opinions in the speeches.He identifies a critical operational chain:Trade→Standards→Evidence→Mutual recognition.This sequence reflects the institutional pathway through which trust is established in international trade:standards define common requirements,evidence provides verifiable proof that those requirements are met,and mutual recognition enables that proof to be accepted across borders.In practice,such evidence is generated through conformity assessment processes,which convert compliance with standards into verifiable results such as test reports,certifications,or audit findings.
基金Sponsored by the National Nature Science Foundation Projects (Grant No. 60773070,60736044)
文摘In order to solve the poor performance in text classification when using traditional formula of mutual information （MI） , a feature selection algorithm were proposed based on improved mutual information. The improved mutual information algorithm, which is on the basis of traditional improved mutual information methods that enbance the MI value of negative characteristics and feature＇ s frequency, supports the concept of concentration degree and dispersion degree. In accordance with the concept of concentration degree and dispersion degree, formulas which embody concentration degree and dispersion degree were constructed and the improved mutual information was implemented based on these. In this paper, the feature selection algorithm was applied based on improved mutual information to a text classifier based on Biomimetic Pattern Recognition and it was compared with several other feature selection methods. The experimental results showed that the improved mutu- al information feature selection method greatly enhances the performance compared with traditional mutual information feature selection methods and the performance is better than that of information gain. Through the introduction of the concept of concentration degree and dispersion degree, the improved mutual information feature selection method greatly improves the performance of text classification system.
文摘Chile,a pioneer and benchmark partner for China's free trade.cooperation in Latin America,holds a special position in China-Latin America economic and trade relations.It was the first Latin American country to sign a bilateral free trade agreement with China and the first to reach an upgraded protocol.Chile also established mutual recognition of Authorized Economic Operators(AEO)with China,the first country in South America to do so.
