Background Pork quality is affected by the type of muscle fibers, which is closely related to meat color, tenderness and juiciness. Exosomes are tiny vesicles with a diameter of approximately 30–150 nm that are secre...Background Pork quality is affected by the type of muscle fibers, which is closely related to meat color, tenderness and juiciness. Exosomes are tiny vesicles with a diameter of approximately 30–150 nm that are secreted by cells and taken up by recipient cells to mediate communication. Exosome-mediated muscle-fat tissue crosstalk is a newly discovered mechanism that may have an important effect on intramuscular fat deposition and with that on meat quality. Various of adipose tissue-derived exosomes have been discovered and identified, but the identification and function of muscle exosomes, especially porcine fast/slow myotube exosomes, remain unclear. Here, we first isolated and identified exosomes secreted from porcine extensor digitorum longus(EDL) and soleus(SOL), which represent fast and slow muscle, respectively, and further explored their effects on lipid accumulation in longissimus dorsi adipocytes.Results Porcine SOL-derived exosomes(SOL-EXO) and EDL-derived exosomes(EDL-EXO) were first identified and their average particle sizes were approximately 84 nm with double-membrane disc-shapes as observed via transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the intramuscular fat content of the SOL was greater than that of the EDL at 180 days of age, because SOL intramuscular adipocytes had a stronger lipid-accumulating capacity than those of the EDL. Raman spectral analysis revealed that SOL-EXO protein content was much greater than that of EDL-EXO. Proteomic sequencing identified 72 proteins that were significantly differentially expressed between SOL-EXO and EDL-EXO, 31 of which were downregulated and 41 of which were upregulated in SOL-EXO.Conclusions Our findings suggest that muscle-fat tissue interactions occur partly via SOL-EXO promoting adipogenic activity of intramuscular adipocytes.展开更多
An imbalance between energy intake and expenditure causes a range of metabolic diseases.Regulation of energy metabolism,enhancement of adipocyte thermogenesis,and increased exercise represent potential strategies to a...An imbalance between energy intake and expenditure causes a range of metabolic diseases.Regulation of energy metabolism,enhancement of adipocyte thermogenesis,and increased exercise represent potential strategies to ameliorate metabolic diseases.The objective of this study was to examine the potential role and mechanism of yam glycoprotein(Y-Gly)in promoting fat browning,improving metabolism,and enhancing exercise tolerance.By constructing a mouse fatigue exercise model,we observed that Y-Gly significantly improved endurance performance in mice,prompting them to show longer duration and higher exercise capacity in exercise tests.Furthermore,our findings indicate that Y-Gly facilitated communication between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue via the muscle factors FNDC5/Irisin and Interleukin-6(IL-6).Additionally,it promoted the browning of white adipose tissue by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins such as PPARγcoactivator 1 alpha(PGC-1α),as well as regulating the white adipose browning-specific proteins such as Uncoupling protein 1(UCP1).It also regulated multiple signaling pathways,including AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and Mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),which improved the mice’s energy metabolism.Y-Gly positively affected white adipose tissue browning,improved metabolism,and enhanced exercise tolerance.These observations provide new strategies and concepts for the prevention of metabolism-related diseases,suggesting that Y-Gly has the potential to develop related functional foods.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272847, U22A20516)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province (2022ZDLNY01-04)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-35)。
文摘Background Pork quality is affected by the type of muscle fibers, which is closely related to meat color, tenderness and juiciness. Exosomes are tiny vesicles with a diameter of approximately 30–150 nm that are secreted by cells and taken up by recipient cells to mediate communication. Exosome-mediated muscle-fat tissue crosstalk is a newly discovered mechanism that may have an important effect on intramuscular fat deposition and with that on meat quality. Various of adipose tissue-derived exosomes have been discovered and identified, but the identification and function of muscle exosomes, especially porcine fast/slow myotube exosomes, remain unclear. Here, we first isolated and identified exosomes secreted from porcine extensor digitorum longus(EDL) and soleus(SOL), which represent fast and slow muscle, respectively, and further explored their effects on lipid accumulation in longissimus dorsi adipocytes.Results Porcine SOL-derived exosomes(SOL-EXO) and EDL-derived exosomes(EDL-EXO) were first identified and their average particle sizes were approximately 84 nm with double-membrane disc-shapes as observed via transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the intramuscular fat content of the SOL was greater than that of the EDL at 180 days of age, because SOL intramuscular adipocytes had a stronger lipid-accumulating capacity than those of the EDL. Raman spectral analysis revealed that SOL-EXO protein content was much greater than that of EDL-EXO. Proteomic sequencing identified 72 proteins that were significantly differentially expressed between SOL-EXO and EDL-EXO, 31 of which were downregulated and 41 of which were upregulated in SOL-EXO.Conclusions Our findings suggest that muscle-fat tissue interactions occur partly via SOL-EXO promoting adipogenic activity of intramuscular adipocytes.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of Fourteenth Five-Year Plan[2023YFF1104204]Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province[2024A1515012021]+1 种基金Generic Technique Innovation Team Construction of Modern Agriculture of Guangdong Province[2021KJ130]Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety[2020B1212060059].
文摘An imbalance between energy intake and expenditure causes a range of metabolic diseases.Regulation of energy metabolism,enhancement of adipocyte thermogenesis,and increased exercise represent potential strategies to ameliorate metabolic diseases.The objective of this study was to examine the potential role and mechanism of yam glycoprotein(Y-Gly)in promoting fat browning,improving metabolism,and enhancing exercise tolerance.By constructing a mouse fatigue exercise model,we observed that Y-Gly significantly improved endurance performance in mice,prompting them to show longer duration and higher exercise capacity in exercise tests.Furthermore,our findings indicate that Y-Gly facilitated communication between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue via the muscle factors FNDC5/Irisin and Interleukin-6(IL-6).Additionally,it promoted the browning of white adipose tissue by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins such as PPARγcoactivator 1 alpha(PGC-1α),as well as regulating the white adipose browning-specific proteins such as Uncoupling protein 1(UCP1).It also regulated multiple signaling pathways,including AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and Mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),which improved the mice’s energy metabolism.Y-Gly positively affected white adipose tissue browning,improved metabolism,and enhanced exercise tolerance.These observations provide new strategies and concepts for the prevention of metabolism-related diseases,suggesting that Y-Gly has the potential to develop related functional foods.
