The summer resort of Murree and adjoining areas is characterized by high degree of erosivity and erodibility due to both natural and man induced factors. This area is part of a young orogenic belt that is experiencing...The summer resort of Murree and adjoining areas is characterized by high degree of erosivity and erodibility due to both natural and man induced factors. This area is part of a young orogenic belt that is experiencing one of the world’s most rapid uplift rates, and is located in near vicinity of major thrust faults. Shear zones associated with still active faults, such as Murree Thrust and also the folding generated due to thrusting induce an inherited weakness and natural instability potential in the rocks of the Murree Hills. Ever increasing population pressure, deforestation, large\|scale construction works including a new township and a road network have further aggravated the problem. In order to study the landslides and other mass movement related problems in Murree, an area around the main town is selected for detailed analysis of the problem as it has been focus of major development and road construction work. This study is an attempt to prepare a preliminary hazard/landslide map along major road network, around Murree town to identify the unstable areas. Data collection during the fieldwork and its analysis were carried out on Geographic Information System (GIS) based on ILWIS format of the ITC, the Netherlands. Detailed study of a few selected landslides has also been conducted to understand the mechanism of failure and extent of damage.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate whether Huaier(Trametes robiniophila Murr)can reverse oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancer and its molecular mechanism.[Methods]CCK8 assays were used to analyze the effect of Huaier o...[Objectives]To investigate whether Huaier(Trametes robiniophila Murr)can reverse oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancer and its molecular mechanism.[Methods]CCK8 assays were used to analyze the effect of Huaier on the survival rate of HCT8 and HCT8/L cells,Flow cytometry was used to verify the apoptosis rate and flow cytometry detected the cell cycle,gene expression lever of P-glycoprotein was detected by RT-qPCR assays,and the protein expression lever was detected by western blot.[Results]Huaier can significantly reduce the cell viability of HCT8 and HCT8/L cells,induce cell apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle at G 1/G 0 phase.Huaier could inhibit the expression lever of MDR1 mRNA and inhibit the protein expression of P-glycoprotein,P85α,p-AKT,BCL-2,CDK4,CyclinD1,and promote the expression of BAX,Cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 in drug-resistant colorectal cancer cells.Through compared Huaier group with the 740Y-P group and the co-treated group,it shows that Huaier can reverse oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.[Conclusions]This study shows that Huaier can reverse oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell cycle through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.展开更多
[Objective]To study the seeds germination of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.under different concentrations of NaCl,as well as to find the optimal concentration of NaCl for the germination of L.ruthenicum.[Method]The seeds of ...[Objective]To study the seeds germination of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.under different concentrations of NaCl,as well as to find the optimal concentration of NaCl for the germination of L.ruthenicum.[Method]The seeds of L.ruthenicum were treated with different concentrations of NaCl,and the state of seed germination was measured.[Result]With the increasing of concentration of NaCl,the seed germination rate of L.ruthenicum showed an obvious increasing trend.when the concentration was of 0.3%-0.4 %,the germination rate was the highest,and when the concentration of NaCl was greater than 0.4,the germination rate showed a decline trend.[Conclusion]After treated with appropriate concentrations of NaCl before sowing,the germination rate of seeds of L.ruthenicum would increase.展开更多
Karyotype analysis of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. was carried out in this study. The results showed that the chromosome number was 2n=2x=24; the arm index was 48; the ratio of the longest chromosome to the shortest one wa...Karyotype analysis of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. was carried out in this study. The results showed that the chromosome number was 2n=2x=24; the arm index was 48; the ratio of the longest chromosome to the shortest one was 1.31; the proportions of chromosomes with arm ratio higher than 2 was 0.08; the asymmetry index was 57.02; the karyotype type was 2A; and the karyotype formula was 2n=-24=20m＋4sm.展开更多
Mercury（Hg） remains a key contaminant of concern in Arctic biota, and monitoring of Hg concentrations in seabird tissues will be an effective approach to track the effects of implementing the Minamata Convention. We...Mercury（Hg） remains a key contaminant of concern in Arctic biota, and monitoring of Hg concentrations in seabird tissues will be an effective approach to track the effects of implementing the Minamata Convention. We examined trends in total Hg（THg） in liver and egg tissues of two Arctic seabirds, thick-billed murres（Uria lomvia） and northern fulmars（Fulmarus glacialis）, between 1976 and 2013 to assess whether both tissues showed similar patterns of Hg change. Hepatic THg was consistently higher than egg THg, and both species had similar egg THg concentrations, but fulmars had higher hepatic THg than murres.Murre THg concentrations showed more relative variation through time than fulmars.We suggest that egg THg better reflects exposure of birds to THg in local, Arctic prey,whereas liver THg may incorporate longer term, year-round THg exposure. Additional analysis of THg distribution in Arctic seabirds post-laying would help inform interpretation of long-term trends.展开更多
Background： Forests are fundamental in maintaining water supplies, providing economic goods, mitigating climate change, and maintaining biodiversity, thus providing many of the world＇s poorest with income, food and ...Background： Forests are fundamental in maintaining water supplies, providing economic goods, mitigating climate change, and maintaining biodiversity, thus providing many of the world＇s poorest with income, food and medicine. Too often, forested lands are treated as ＂wastelands＂ or ＂free＂ and are easily cleared for agricultural and infrastructure expansion. Methods： In this paper, the sustainability of two forest ecosystems （state and community/private owned） was evaluated using SPOT-5 satellite images of 2005 and 2011. This study was conducted in a sub-watershed area covering 468 km2, of which 201 km2 is managed by the state and 267 km2 by community/private ownership in the Murree Galliat region of Punjab Province of Pakistan. A participatory approach was adopted for the delineation and demarcation of forest boundaries. The Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis （GEOBIA） technique was used for identification and mapping of ten Land Cover （LC） features. Results： The results show that between the years 2005 to 2011, a total of 55 km2 （24 km2 in state-owned forest and 31 km2 in community/private forest） was converted from forest to non-forest. The conclusion is that conservation is more effective in state-owned forests than in the community/private forests. Conclusions： These findings may help to mobilize community awareness and identify effective initiatives for improved management of community/private forest land for other regions of Pakistan.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to establish a tissue culture and rapid propagation system for Lycium ruthenicum Murr.[Method] Using tender stems of L.ruthenicum as explants,MS as basic culture medium,the effects of diff...[Objective] This study aimed to establish a tissue culture and rapid propagation system for Lycium ruthenicum Murr.[Method] Using tender stems of L.ruthenicum as explants,MS as basic culture medium,the effects of different factors on primary culture,subculture and rooting of L.ruthenicum plantlets were investigated.[Result] The most appropriate medium for primary culture of L.ruthenicum was MS ＋ ZT 0.2 mg/L ＋ IBA 0.01 mg/L,in which axillary buds grew well and were rarely vitrified with the germination rate of 88.73%.In addition,ZT exerted significantly better effects on subculture and proliferation of L.ruthenicum plantlets than 6-BA.The most appropriate medium for subculture and proliferation of L.ruthenicum plantlets was MS ＋ ZT 0.15 mg/L ＋ IBA 0.01 mg/L,in which L.ruthenicum plantlets grew rapidly and robustly without vitrification,and the proliferation multiple reached 5.83 times.The most appropriate medium for rooting of L.ruthenicum plantlets was MS ＋ IBA 1.0 mg/L,in which the rooting rate reached 100%.The most appropriate substrate for transplanting and hardening of L.ruthenicum plantlets was humus soil：perlite = 1：1,in which L.ruthenicum plantlets grew well with the survival rate of 92.37%.[Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for largescale production and popularization of L.ruthenicum.展开更多
AIM： To analyze our Wilson disease patient cohort （n = 106） for alterations in the gene coding for MURR1. METHODS： Patients with an established diagnosis of Wilson disease but normal ceruloplasmin blood levels wer...AIM： To analyze our Wilson disease patient cohort （n = 106） for alterations in the gene coding for MURR1. METHODS： Patients with an established diagnosis of Wilson disease but normal ceruloplasmin blood levels were chosen for our study （n = 14）. Patients with two known disease-causing mutations in the ATPTB gene were not included. The three exons of the human MURR1 gene were sequenced after amplification of the genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS： Our study did not reveal any mutations leading to an amino acid change in the MURR1 sequence of Wilson disease patients. A polymorphism at 472 bp of the coding sequence could be confirmed. CONCLUSION： The MURRI gene plays no role in the pathogenesis of Wilson disease patients with normal serum ceruloplasmin levels.展开更多
文摘The summer resort of Murree and adjoining areas is characterized by high degree of erosivity and erodibility due to both natural and man induced factors. This area is part of a young orogenic belt that is experiencing one of the world’s most rapid uplift rates, and is located in near vicinity of major thrust faults. Shear zones associated with still active faults, such as Murree Thrust and also the folding generated due to thrusting induce an inherited weakness and natural instability potential in the rocks of the Murree Hills. Ever increasing population pressure, deforestation, large\|scale construction works including a new township and a road network have further aggravated the problem. In order to study the landslides and other mass movement related problems in Murree, an area around the main town is selected for detailed analysis of the problem as it has been focus of major development and road construction work. This study is an attempt to prepare a preliminary hazard/landslide map along major road network, around Murree town to identify the unstable areas. Data collection during the fieldwork and its analysis were carried out on Geographic Information System (GIS) based on ILWIS format of the ITC, the Netherlands. Detailed study of a few selected landslides has also been conducted to understand the mechanism of failure and extent of damage.
基金Supported by the Project Funding of Hebei Provincial Education Department(ZD2020137)the Key Discipline Construction Project of Hebei Provincial Universities[JiJiaoGao-2013-(4)-2012-37].
文摘[Objectives]To investigate whether Huaier(Trametes robiniophila Murr)can reverse oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancer and its molecular mechanism.[Methods]CCK8 assays were used to analyze the effect of Huaier on the survival rate of HCT8 and HCT8/L cells,Flow cytometry was used to verify the apoptosis rate and flow cytometry detected the cell cycle,gene expression lever of P-glycoprotein was detected by RT-qPCR assays,and the protein expression lever was detected by western blot.[Results]Huaier can significantly reduce the cell viability of HCT8 and HCT8/L cells,induce cell apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle at G 1/G 0 phase.Huaier could inhibit the expression lever of MDR1 mRNA and inhibit the protein expression of P-glycoprotein,P85α,p-AKT,BCL-2,CDK4,CyclinD1,and promote the expression of BAX,Cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 in drug-resistant colorectal cancer cells.Through compared Huaier group with the 740Y-P group and the co-treated group,it shows that Huaier can reverse oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.[Conclusions]This study shows that Huaier can reverse oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell cycle through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
文摘[Objective]To study the seeds germination of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.under different concentrations of NaCl,as well as to find the optimal concentration of NaCl for the germination of L.ruthenicum.[Method]The seeds of L.ruthenicum were treated with different concentrations of NaCl,and the state of seed germination was measured.[Result]With the increasing of concentration of NaCl,the seed germination rate of L.ruthenicum showed an obvious increasing trend.when the concentration was of 0.3%-0.4 %,the germination rate was the highest,and when the concentration of NaCl was greater than 0.4,the germination rate showed a decline trend.[Conclusion]After treated with appropriate concentrations of NaCl before sowing,the germination rate of seeds of L.ruthenicum would increase.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31100401)Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(13ZLZLZF05700)+1 种基金Fund for Special Science and Technology Correspondents of Tianjin City(15JCTPJC59500)College Students'Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Program of Tianjin City(201610061102)~~
文摘Karyotype analysis of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. was carried out in this study. The results showed that the chromosome number was 2n=2x=24; the arm index was 48; the ratio of the longest chromosome to the shortest one was 1.31; the proportions of chromosomes with arm ratio higher than 2 was 0.08; the asymmetry index was 57.02; the karyotype type was 2A; and the karyotype formula was 2n=-24=20m＋4sm.
基金provided by Environment and Climate Change Canadathe Northern Contaminants Program of IndigenousNorthern Affairs Canada (1617-HQ-000221)
文摘Mercury（Hg） remains a key contaminant of concern in Arctic biota, and monitoring of Hg concentrations in seabird tissues will be an effective approach to track the effects of implementing the Minamata Convention. We examined trends in total Hg（THg） in liver and egg tissues of two Arctic seabirds, thick-billed murres（Uria lomvia） and northern fulmars（Fulmarus glacialis）, between 1976 and 2013 to assess whether both tissues showed similar patterns of Hg change. Hepatic THg was consistently higher than egg THg, and both species had similar egg THg concentrations, but fulmars had higher hepatic THg than murres.Murre THg concentrations showed more relative variation through time than fulmars.We suggest that egg THg better reflects exposure of birds to THg in local, Arctic prey,whereas liver THg may incorporate longer term, year-round THg exposure. Additional analysis of THg distribution in Arctic seabirds post-laying would help inform interpretation of long-term trends.
文摘Background： Forests are fundamental in maintaining water supplies, providing economic goods, mitigating climate change, and maintaining biodiversity, thus providing many of the world＇s poorest with income, food and medicine. Too often, forested lands are treated as ＂wastelands＂ or ＂free＂ and are easily cleared for agricultural and infrastructure expansion. Methods： In this paper, the sustainability of two forest ecosystems （state and community/private owned） was evaluated using SPOT-5 satellite images of 2005 and 2011. This study was conducted in a sub-watershed area covering 468 km2, of which 201 km2 is managed by the state and 267 km2 by community/private ownership in the Murree Galliat region of Punjab Province of Pakistan. A participatory approach was adopted for the delineation and demarcation of forest boundaries. The Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis （GEOBIA） technique was used for identification and mapping of ten Land Cover （LC） features. Results： The results show that between the years 2005 to 2011, a total of 55 km2 （24 km2 in state-owned forest and 31 km2 in community/private forest） was converted from forest to non-forest. The conclusion is that conservation is more effective in state-owned forests than in the community/private forests. Conclusions： These findings may help to mobilize community awareness and identify effective initiatives for improved management of community/private forest land for other regions of Pakistan.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to establish a tissue culture and rapid propagation system for Lycium ruthenicum Murr.[Method] Using tender stems of L.ruthenicum as explants,MS as basic culture medium,the effects of different factors on primary culture,subculture and rooting of L.ruthenicum plantlets were investigated.[Result] The most appropriate medium for primary culture of L.ruthenicum was MS ＋ ZT 0.2 mg/L ＋ IBA 0.01 mg/L,in which axillary buds grew well and were rarely vitrified with the germination rate of 88.73%.In addition,ZT exerted significantly better effects on subculture and proliferation of L.ruthenicum plantlets than 6-BA.The most appropriate medium for subculture and proliferation of L.ruthenicum plantlets was MS ＋ ZT 0.15 mg/L ＋ IBA 0.01 mg/L,in which L.ruthenicum plantlets grew rapidly and robustly without vitrification,and the proliferation multiple reached 5.83 times.The most appropriate medium for rooting of L.ruthenicum plantlets was MS ＋ IBA 1.0 mg/L,in which the rooting rate reached 100%.The most appropriate substrate for transplanting and hardening of L.ruthenicum plantlets was humus soil：perlite = 1：1,in which L.ruthenicum plantlets grew well with the survival rate of 92.37%.[Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for largescale production and popularization of L.ruthenicum.
文摘AIM： To analyze our Wilson disease patient cohort （n = 106） for alterations in the gene coding for MURR1. METHODS： Patients with an established diagnosis of Wilson disease but normal ceruloplasmin blood levels were chosen for our study （n = 14）. Patients with two known disease-causing mutations in the ATPTB gene were not included. The three exons of the human MURR1 gene were sequenced after amplification of the genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS： Our study did not reveal any mutations leading to an amino acid change in the MURR1 sequence of Wilson disease patients. A polymorphism at 472 bp of the coding sequence could be confirmed. CONCLUSION： The MURRI gene plays no role in the pathogenesis of Wilson disease patients with normal serum ceruloplasmin levels.
