Human adiponectin receptors(AdipoRs)and membrane progestin receptors(mPRs,members of the progestin and adipoQ receptor[PAQR]family)are seven-transmembrane receptors involved in the regulation of metabolism and cancer ...Human adiponectin receptors(AdipoRs)and membrane progestin receptors(mPRs,members of the progestin and adipoQ receptor[PAQR]family)are seven-transmembrane receptors involved in the regulation of metabolism and cancer development,which share structural similarities with G protein-coupled receptors.Plant PAQR-like sensors(PLSs)are homologous to human PAQRs but their molecular functions remain unclear.In this study,we found that PLSs associate with cell surface receptor-like kinases through KIN7 and positively regulate plant immune responses,stomatal defense,and disease resistance.Moreover,PLSs activate heterotrimeric G proteins(Gαβγ)to transduce immune signals and regulate the exchange of GDP for GTP on GPA1.Further analyses revealed that the immune function of PLSs is conserved in rice and soybean and contributes to resistance against multiple diseases.Notably,heterologous expression of human AdipoRs in Arabidopsis replicates the immune functions of PLSs.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that PLSs are key modulators of plant immunity via the G-protein pathway and highlight the potential application of human genes in enhancing plant disease resistance.展开更多
Pathogens pose significant threats to biosecurity and environmental health due to their potential for widespread outbreaks.Effective pathogen detection requires methods that are rapid,sensitive,specific,and informativ...Pathogens pose significant threats to biosecurity and environmental health due to their potential for widespread outbreaks.Effective pathogen detection requires methods that are rapid,sensitive,specific,and informative.Here,we proposed a multiplex visual detection system that integrated ultrafast polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and molecular beacons,allowing the simultaneous detection of three pathogens in a one-pot reaction.The ultrafast PCR protocol employed cycles of just 7 s each,allowing the entire process-from sampling to result-to be completed within only 10 min.Molecular beacons hybridized with target sequences during ultrafast PCR,generating fluorescence signals that are visually detectable without specialized equipment.Additionally,we developed a compact,portable cartridge integrated with online software for fluorescence visualization and direct result output,eliminating the need for bulky instruments and specialized personnel,thereby facilitating point-of-care testing(POCT).The method demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity,with a limit of detection(LOD)as low as 23 copies per reaction.It achieved a 100%positive detection rate in practical applications,performing comparably to standard PCR.Furthermore,the method effectively identified low concentrations of pathogens in animal infection samples.This ultrafast,highly sensitive,specific,and informative method shows significant potential for POCT applications,including food safety monitoring and clinical diagnostics.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the clinical features and epidemiology of diarrhea patients and analyze the current distribution of enteropathogens causing diarrhea in a comprehensive hospital in Beijing,China,in 2023.Materi...Objective:To investigate the clinical features and epidemiology of diarrhea patients and analyze the current distribution of enteropathogens causing diarrhea in a comprehensive hospital in Beijing,China,in 2023.Materials and Methods:From April to October 2023,we enrolled patients with diarrheal diseases who visited the gastrointestinal Clinic in our hospital.The patients'demographic,epidemiological,and clinical features were obtained via a questionnaire.Stool samples were examined for 20 enteropathogens by multiplex polymerase chain reaction testing.Results:We enrolled 260 patients;men and adults accounted for 55.77%and 95.77%of the patients,respectively.The median age was 37 years.Eighty-four enteropathogens,72 bacteria and 12 viruses,were identified in 74 patients.Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli was the predominant agent.Patients with and without pathogens detected in stool samples showed no significant differences in age,sex,gastrointestinal symptoms,and stool characteristics.Possible food-related events were recorded in 57.31%of the patients.Leukocyte counts in patients with bacterial infections were higher than those of patients with viral infections and those with no detected pathogens(p<0.05).Seasonality of bacterial distribution was observed(p<0.05).Conclusion:Bacteria were predominant pathogens among the diarrhea patients.The incidence of diarrhea was related to hot weather and foodborne illness.Bacterial diarrhea may cause systemic infection.The clinical symptoms of infectious diarrhea were usually non-specific and unrelated to the type of infection.Timely and comprehensive multi-pathogen surveillance might be helpful to detect suspected pathogens and promote epidemic prevention and control.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04070)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070285 and 32270251)+2 种基金the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund of China Agricultural University(no.2023RC011 to D.C.)the Pinduoduo-China Agricultural University Research Fund(grant no.PC2023A01005)funded by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health(grant no.R01GM121445).
文摘Human adiponectin receptors(AdipoRs)and membrane progestin receptors(mPRs,members of the progestin and adipoQ receptor[PAQR]family)are seven-transmembrane receptors involved in the regulation of metabolism and cancer development,which share structural similarities with G protein-coupled receptors.Plant PAQR-like sensors(PLSs)are homologous to human PAQRs but their molecular functions remain unclear.In this study,we found that PLSs associate with cell surface receptor-like kinases through KIN7 and positively regulate plant immune responses,stomatal defense,and disease resistance.Moreover,PLSs activate heterotrimeric G proteins(Gαβγ)to transduce immune signals and regulate the exchange of GDP for GTP on GPA1.Further analyses revealed that the immune function of PLSs is conserved in rice and soybean and contributes to resistance against multiple diseases.Notably,heterologous expression of human AdipoRs in Arabidopsis replicates the immune functions of PLSs.Collectively,our findings demonstrate that PLSs are key modulators of plant immunity via the G-protein pathway and highlight the potential application of human genes in enhancing plant disease resistance.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32371521,32172285,82300220)Special Project for Experimental Animal Research(23141900300)+4 种基金the Foundation for Scholars of Fuzhou University(XRC-24068)Shanghai Rising Star Program(23QA1404300)Special Project for Medical Innovation Research(22Y11909200)Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine(Guangzhou)Human Phenome Data Center of Fudan University and Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2023SHZDZX02).
文摘Pathogens pose significant threats to biosecurity and environmental health due to their potential for widespread outbreaks.Effective pathogen detection requires methods that are rapid,sensitive,specific,and informative.Here,we proposed a multiplex visual detection system that integrated ultrafast polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and molecular beacons,allowing the simultaneous detection of three pathogens in a one-pot reaction.The ultrafast PCR protocol employed cycles of just 7 s each,allowing the entire process-from sampling to result-to be completed within only 10 min.Molecular beacons hybridized with target sequences during ultrafast PCR,generating fluorescence signals that are visually detectable without specialized equipment.Additionally,we developed a compact,portable cartridge integrated with online software for fluorescence visualization and direct result output,eliminating the need for bulky instruments and specialized personnel,thereby facilitating point-of-care testing(POCT).The method demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity,with a limit of detection(LOD)as low as 23 copies per reaction.It achieved a 100%positive detection rate in practical applications,performing comparably to standard PCR.Furthermore,the method effectively identified low concentrations of pathogens in animal infection samples.This ultrafast,highly sensitive,specific,and informative method shows significant potential for POCT applications,including food safety monitoring and clinical diagnostics.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:81902112。
文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical features and epidemiology of diarrhea patients and analyze the current distribution of enteropathogens causing diarrhea in a comprehensive hospital in Beijing,China,in 2023.Materials and Methods:From April to October 2023,we enrolled patients with diarrheal diseases who visited the gastrointestinal Clinic in our hospital.The patients'demographic,epidemiological,and clinical features were obtained via a questionnaire.Stool samples were examined for 20 enteropathogens by multiplex polymerase chain reaction testing.Results:We enrolled 260 patients;men and adults accounted for 55.77%and 95.77%of the patients,respectively.The median age was 37 years.Eighty-four enteropathogens,72 bacteria and 12 viruses,were identified in 74 patients.Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli was the predominant agent.Patients with and without pathogens detected in stool samples showed no significant differences in age,sex,gastrointestinal symptoms,and stool characteristics.Possible food-related events were recorded in 57.31%of the patients.Leukocyte counts in patients with bacterial infections were higher than those of patients with viral infections and those with no detected pathogens(p<0.05).Seasonality of bacterial distribution was observed(p<0.05).Conclusion:Bacteria were predominant pathogens among the diarrhea patients.The incidence of diarrhea was related to hot weather and foodborne illness.Bacterial diarrhea may cause systemic infection.The clinical symptoms of infectious diarrhea were usually non-specific and unrelated to the type of infection.Timely and comprehensive multi-pathogen surveillance might be helpful to detect suspected pathogens and promote epidemic prevention and control.
