Industrial data mining usually deals with data from different sources.These heterogeneous datasets describe the same object in different views.However,samples from some of the datasets may be lost.Then the remaining s...Industrial data mining usually deals with data from different sources.These heterogeneous datasets describe the same object in different views.However,samples from some of the datasets may be lost.Then the remaining samples do not correspond one-to-one correctly.Mismatched datasets caused by missing samples make the industrial data unavailable for further machine learning.In order to align the mismatched samples,this article presents a cooperative iteration matching method(CIMM)based on the modified dynamic time warping(DTW).The proposed method regards the sequentially accumulated industrial data as the time series.Mismatched samples are aligned by the DTW.In addition,dynamic constraints are applied to the warping distance of the DTW process to make the alignment more efficient.Then a series of models are trained with the cumulated samples iteratively.Several groups of numerical experiments on different missing patterns and missing locations are designed and analyzed to prove the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed method.展开更多
As an emerging microscopic detection tool,quantum microscopes based on the principle of quantum precision measurement have attracted widespread attention in recent years.Compared with the imaging of classical light,qu...As an emerging microscopic detection tool,quantum microscopes based on the principle of quantum precision measurement have attracted widespread attention in recent years.Compared with the imaging of classical light,quantum-enhanced imaging can achieve ultra-high resolution,ultra-sensitive detection,and anti-interference imaging.Here,we introduce a quantum-enhanced scanning microscope under illumination of an entangled NOON state in polarization.For the phase imager with NOON states,we propose a simple four-basis projection method to replace the four-step phase-shifting method.We have achieved the phase imaging of micrometer-sized birefringent samples and biological cell specimens,with sensitivity close to the Heisenberg limit.The visibility of transmittance-based imaging shows a great enhancement for NOON states.Besides,we also demonstrate that the scanning imaging with NOON states enables the spatial resolution enhancement of√N compared with classical measurement.Our imaging method may provide some reference for the practical application of quantum imaging and is expected to promote the development of microscopic detection.展开更多
Flow cytometry(FCM),characterized by its simplicity,rapid processing,multiparameter analysis,and high sen-sitivity,is widely used in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of hematological malignancies.FCM testing of t...Flow cytometry(FCM),characterized by its simplicity,rapid processing,multiparameter analysis,and high sen-sitivity,is widely used in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of hematological malignancies.FCM testing of tissue samples not only aids in diagnosing and classifying hematological cancers,but also enables the detection of solid tumors.Its ability to detect numerous marker parameters from small samples is particularly useful when dealing with limited cell quantities,such as in fine-needle biopsy samples.This attribute not only addresses the challenge posed by small sample sizes,but also boosts the sensitivity of tumor cell detection.The significance of FCM in clinical and pathological applications continues to grow.To standardize the use of FCM in detecting hematological malignant cells in tissue samples and to improve quality control during the detection process,experts from the Cell Analysis Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Biotechnology jointly drafted and agreed upon this consensus.This consensus was formulated based on current literature and clinical practices of all experts across clinical,laboratory,and pathological fields in China.It outlines a comprehensive workflow of FCM-based assay for the detection of hematological malignancies in tissue samples,including report content,interpretation,quality control,and key considerations.Additionally,it provides recommendations on antibody panel designs and analytical approaches to enhancing FCM tests,particularly in cases with limited sample sizes.展开更多
This study proposes a general imperfect thermal contact model to predict the thermal contact resistance at the interface among multi-layered composite structures.Based on the Green-Lindsay(GL)thermoelastic theory,semi...This study proposes a general imperfect thermal contact model to predict the thermal contact resistance at the interface among multi-layered composite structures.Based on the Green-Lindsay(GL)thermoelastic theory,semi analytical solutions of temperature increment and displacement of multi-layered composite structures are obtained by using the Laplace transform method,upon which the effects of thermal resistance coefficient,partition coefficient,thermal conductivity ratio and heat capacity ratio on the responses are studied.The results show that the generalized imperfect thermal contact model can realistically describe the imperfect thermal contact problem.Accordingly,it may degenerate into other thermal contact models by adjusting the thermal resistance coefficient and partition coefficient.展开更多
In this paper,an image processing algorithm which is able to synthesize material textures of arbitrary shapes is proposed.The presented approach uses an arbitrary image to construct a structure layer of the material.T...In this paper,an image processing algorithm which is able to synthesize material textures of arbitrary shapes is proposed.The presented approach uses an arbitrary image to construct a structure layer of the material.The resulting structure layer is then used to constrain the material texture synthesis.The field of second-moment matrices is used to represent the structure layer.Many tests with various constraint images are conducted to ensure that the proposed approach accurately reproduces the visual aspects of the input material sample.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to accurately synthesize arbitrary-shaped material textures while respecting the local characteristics of the exemplar.This paves the way toward the synthesis of 3D material textures of arbitrary shapes from 2D material samples,which has a wide application range in virtual material design and materials characterization.展开更多
The efficacy of DNA sequencing,particularly long reads nanopore sequencing,is critically dependent on the amount and quality of the input DNA.However,extracting high concentrations of DNA from low biomass samples,espe...The efficacy of DNA sequencing,particularly long reads nanopore sequencing,is critically dependent on the amount and quality of the input DNA.However,extracting high concentrations of DNA from low biomass samples,especially from solid matrices,presents significant challenges,this limitation not only substantially hampers the scope of environmental microbiology studies but also makes enhancing DNA yield indispensable in many instances.Therefore,in this study,we systematically evaluated the impact of four different DNA enrichment methods on both amplicon and metagenomic community analyses of solid-phase,low-biomass samples:permafrost soil and biofilm of sand filter.These methods include multiple displacement amplification(MDA),centrifugal filtration(CF),freeze vacuum drying at(FVD)as well as vacuum centrifugal at 35,45,and 60°C(namely VC35,VC45,VC60).Our results indicate that FVD was the most effective for increasing DNA concentration,while VC methods best preserved DNA fragment length.In contrast,the widely used MDA and CF methods exhibited biases,preferentially enriching low-GC content sequences,which affected both assembly and annotation outcomes.Metagenomic assembly from MDA and CF samples was suboptimal,with fewer contigs and no middle quality MAGs recovered compared to other methods.Community composition analysis revealed significant shifts across all enrichment methods,with Sphingomonas and Sphingorhabdus genera could be obviously enriched.These findings highlight the necessity and importance of carefully selecting DNA enrichment methods to ensure reliable metagenomic investigation of low-biomass environmental samples.展开更多
Geological samples often contain significant amounts of iron,which,although not typically the target element,can substantially interfere with the analysis of other elements of interest.To mitigate these interferences,...Geological samples often contain significant amounts of iron,which,although not typically the target element,can substantially interfere with the analysis of other elements of interest.To mitigate these interferences,amidoximebased radiation grafted adsorbents have been identified as effective for iron removal.In this study,an amidoximefunctionalized,radiation-grafted adsorbent synthesized from polypropylene waste(PPw-g-AO-10)was employed to remove iron from leached geological samples.The adsorption process was systematically optimized by investigating the effects of pH,contact time,adsorbent dosage,and initial ferric ion concentration.Under optimal conditions-pH1.4,a contact time of 90 min,and an initial ferric ion concentration of 4500 mg/L-the adsorbent exhibited a maximum iron adsorption capacity of 269.02 mg/g.After optimizing the critical adsorption parameters,the adsorbent was applied to the leached geological samples,achieving a 91%removal of the iron content.The adsorbent was regenerated through two consecutive cycles using 0.2 N HNO_(3),achieving a regeneration efficiency of 65%.These findings confirm the efficacy of the synthesized PPw-g-AO-10 as a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for successfully removing iron from leached geological matrices while maintaining a reasonable degree of reusability.展开更多
A lifespan prediction model was developed based on a few samples to provide decision-making information for operation and maintenance,as well as improve the economy and safety of nuclear power plant(NPP)operations.Thi...A lifespan prediction model was developed based on a few samples to provide decision-making information for operation and maintenance,as well as improve the economy and safety of nuclear power plant(NPP)operations.This paper applies a Weibull model to forecast the lifespan of electronic cards with a few samples in NPPs.Relationship between the lifespan prediction of electronic cards and the ambient temperature is revealed using the Arrhenius equation.Censored samples are used to compensate for the lack of fault electronic card data.Scale parameter and shape parameter of the Weibull model are optimized by adjusting the weight ratio between the censored data and the fault data.Characteristic life is then obtained using the rank regression fitting equation.Parameters of the Arrhenius equation can be calculated by dividing the samples into groups according to the ambient temperature.A case study of the intermediate range high-voltage electric card of ex-core neutron detectors demonstrates that the lifespan prediction of electronic cards in NPPs can be successfully predicted with a few samples by combining the Weibull model and the Arrhenius model.This can help provide preventive maintenance recommendations for electronic cards.Finally,operation suggestions for the electronic card’s ambient temperature can be made by utilizing the temperature-life model.展开更多
The investigation of whether sediment samples contain representative grain size distribution information is important for the accurate extraction of sediment characteristics and conduct of related sedimentary record s...The investigation of whether sediment samples contain representative grain size distribution information is important for the accurate extraction of sediment characteristics and conduct of related sedimentary record studies.This study comparatively analyzed the numerical and qualitative differences and the degree of correlation of 36 sets of the characteristic parameters of surface sediment parallel sample grain size distribution from three sampling profiles at Jinsha Bay Beach in Zhanjiang,western Guangdong.At each sampling point,five parallel subsamples were established at intervals of 0,10,20,50,and 100 cm along the coastline.The research findings indicate the following:1)relatively large differences in the mean values of the different parallel samples(0.19–0.34Φ),with smaller differences observed in other characteristic grain sizes(D_(10),D_(50),and D_(90));2)small differences in characteristic values among various parallel sample grain size parameters,with at least 33%of the combinations of qualitative results showing inconsistency;3)50%of the regression equations between the skewness of different parallel samples displaying no significant correlation;4)relative deviations of−47.91%to 27.63%and−49.20%to 2.08%existing between the particle size parameters of a single sample and parallel samples(with the average obtained)at intervals of 10 and 50 cm,respectively.As such,small spatial differences,even within 100 cm,can considerably affect grain size parameters.Given the uncertain reasons underlying the representativeness of the samples,which may only cover the area immediately surrounding the sampling station,researchers are advised to design parallel sample collection strategies based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the parameters of interest during sediment sample collection.This study provides a typical case of the comparative analysis of parallel sample grain size parameters,with a focus on small spatial beach sediment,which contributes to the enhanced understanding of the accuracy and reliability of sediment sample collection strategies and extraction of grain size information.展开更多
The exploration of asteroids has received increasing attention since the 1990s because of the unique information these objects contain about the history of the early solar system.Quasi-satellites are a population of a...The exploration of asteroids has received increasing attention since the 1990s because of the unique information these objects contain about the history of the early solar system.Quasi-satellites are a population of asteroids that co-orbit closely with,but are outside the gravitational control of,the planet.So far,only five Earth quasi-satellites have been recognized,among which(469219)Kamo’oalewa(provisionally designated as 2016 HO3)is currently considered the most stable and the closest of these.However,little is known about this particular asteroid or this class of near-Earth asteroids because of the difficulties of observing them.China has announced that Tianwen-2,the asteroid sample-return mission to Kamo’oalewa,will be launched in 2025.Here,we review the current knowledge of Kamo’oalewa in terms of its physical characteristics,dynamic evolution,surface environment,and origin,and we propose possible breakthroughs that the samples could bring concerning the asteroid Kamo’oalewa as an Earth quasi-satellite.Confirming the origin of Kamo’oalewa,from its prevailing provenance as debris of the Moon,could be a promising start to inferring the evolutionary history of the Moon.This history would probably include a more comprehensive view of the lunar farside and the origin of the asymmetry between the two sides of the Moon.Comparing the samples from the Moon and Kamo’oalewa would also provide new insights into the Earth wind.展开更多
Three-dimensional printing(3DP)offers valuable insight into the characterization of natural rocks and the verification of theoretical models due to its high reproducibility and accurate replication of complex defects ...Three-dimensional printing(3DP)offers valuable insight into the characterization of natural rocks and the verification of theoretical models due to its high reproducibility and accurate replication of complex defects such as cracks and pores.In this study,3DP gypsum samples with different printing directions were subjected to a series of uniaxial compression tests with in situ micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)scanning to quantitatively investigate their mechanical anisotropic properties and damage evolution characteristics.Based on the two-dimensional(2D)CT images obtained at different scanning steps,a novel void ratio variable was derived using the mean value and variance of CT intensity.Additionally,a constitutive model was formulated incorporating the proposed damage variable,utilizing the void ratio variable.The crack evolution and crack morphology of 3DP gypsum samples were obtained and analyzed using the 3D models reconstructed from the CT images.The results indicate that 3DP gypsum samples exhibit mechanical anisotropic characteristics similar to those found in naturally sedimentary rocks.The mechanical anisotropy is attributed to the bedding planes formed between adjacent layers and pillar-like structures along the printing direction formed by CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O crystals of needle-like morphology.The mean gray intensity of the voids has a positive linear relationship with the threshold value,while the CT variance and void ratio have concave and convex relationships,respectively.The constitutive model can effectively match the stress–strain curves obtained from uniaxial compression experiments.This study provides comprehensive explanations of the failure modes and anisotropic mechanisms of 3DP gypsum samples,which is important for characterizing and understanding the failure mechanism and microstructural evolution of 3DP rocks when modeling natural rock behavior.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to compare the residue situation of cimaterol,a kind of forbidden veterinary drug in hair, urine and flesh of pig, so as to provide theoretical basis for monitoring veterinary drug residue...[Objective] This study aimed to compare the residue situation of cimaterol,a kind of forbidden veterinary drug in hair, urine and flesh of pig, so as to provide theoretical basis for monitoring veterinary drug residue in bred animals. [Method]Total three different concentrations of cimaterol were administered to pigs, and the residue amounts of cimaterol in pig hair, urine and flesh were monitored at different raising stage. [Result] During the administration period, the residue amount of cimaterol was highest in urine, so urine is the suitable sample for rapid detection of cimaterol in manufacturing enterprises. Cimaterol could be accumulated in pig hair,where cimaterol was metabolized slowly. Thus, pig hair can be used as the test sample for tracing illegal use of veterinary drugs and for vivo detection. Flesh can be used as test sample for direct judgment whether cimaterol residue exceeds the relevant standard. [Conclusion] This study will provide certain theoretical basis for drug monitor in animal husbandry.展开更多
Abstract Industrial robots are used for automatic drilling and riveting. The absolute position accuracy of an industrial robot is one of the key performance indexes in aircraft assembly, and can be improved through er...Abstract Industrial robots are used for automatic drilling and riveting. The absolute position accuracy of an industrial robot is one of the key performance indexes in aircraft assembly, and can be improved through error compensation to meet aircraft assembly requirements. The achiev- able accuracy and the difficulty of accuracy compensation implementation are closely related to the choice of sampling points. Therefore, based on the error similarity error compensation method, a method for choosing sampling points on a uniform grid is proposed. A simulation is conducted to analyze the influence of the sample point locations on error compensation. In addition, the grid steps of the sampling points are optimized using a statistical analysis method. The method is used to generate grids and optimize the grid steps of a Kuka KR-210 robot. The experimental results show that the method for planning sampling data can be used to effectively optimize the sampling grid. After error compensation, the position accuracy of the robot meels the position accuracy require- ments.展开更多
Oxide interference correction plays a vital role in the accurate determination of trace element compositions of geological samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).In this study,we found that th...Oxide interference correction plays a vital role in the accurate determination of trace element compositions of geological samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).In this study,we found that the oxide production is mainly controlled by the gas flow of the ICP-MS and a constant oxide correction factor(OCF)can be measured during a routine analysis.Thus,we can obtain the oxide production by just investigating the gas flow for a fixed ICP-MS system with monitoring of OCF.Si,Ba and LREE oxide interferences on the Sc,Eu and Gd of four geological standard samples GSP-2,JP-1,GBW03112 and GBW03113 were corrected by such method and the results were in good agreement with the recommended values.Therefore,the present study provides a simple and fast correction method for the oxide interferences of the geological samples during the routine analyses.Furthermore,a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet template integrating the correction equations was developed in an in-house software(ICPMSData Cal)for effective calibration.展开更多
During environment testing, the estimation of random vibration signals （RVS） is an important technique for the airborne platform safety and reliability. However, the available meth- ods including extreme value envel...During environment testing, the estimation of random vibration signals （RVS） is an important technique for the airborne platform safety and reliability. However, the available meth- ods including extreme value envelope method （EVEM）, statistical tolerances method （STM） and improved statistical tolerance method （ISTM） require large samples and typical probability distri- bution. Moreover, the frequency-varying characteristic of RVS is usually not taken into account. Gray bootstrap method （GBM） is proposed to solve the problem of estimating frequency-varying RVS with small samples. Firstly, the estimated indexes are obtained including the estimated inter- val, the estimated uncertainty, the estimated value, the estimated error and estimated reliability. In addition, GBM is applied to estimating the single flight testing of certain aircraft. At last, in order to evaluate the estimated performance, GBM is compared with bootstrap method （BM） and gray method （GM） in testing analysis. The result shows that GBM has superiority for estimating dynamic signals with small samples and estimated reliability is proved to be 100% at the given confidence level.展开更多
The adsorption of iodine onto silica coated magnetite nanoparticles(im-SCMNPs) that modified with imidazole was investigated for removal of high concentrations of iodine from wastewater. Modified silica magnetite nano...The adsorption of iodine onto silica coated magnetite nanoparticles(im-SCMNPs) that modified with imidazole was investigated for removal of high concentrations of iodine from wastewater. Modified silica magnetite nanoparticles showed high efficiency in removing iodine from wastewater samples. The optimum pH for iodine removal was 7.0-8.0. The adsorption capacity was evaluated using both the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. The size of the produced magnetite nanoparticles was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Synthesized magnetite nanoparticles showed the high adsorption capacity and would be a good method to increase adsorption efficiency for the removal of iodine in a wastewater treatment process. The Langmuir adsorption capacity(qmax) was found to be 140.84 mg/g of the adsorbent.展开更多
Geochemical subsoil data obtained from China and European laboratories have been compared in this study. 787 C horizon subsoil samples from FOREGS （Forum of European Geological Surveys） geochemical baselines mapping...Geochemical subsoil data obtained from China and European laboratories have been compared in this study. 787 C horizon subsoil samples from FOREGS （Forum of European Geological Surveys） geochemical baselines mapping project were sent to China＇s IGGE （Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration） laboratory and composited to 190 samples according to the 160 kin x 160 km GNT （Global Terrestrial Network） cells. In addition to the FOREGS elemental analysis package, Au, Pt, Pd, B, Ge, Br, CI, Se, N, Li and F were also analyzed by using the IGGE＇s 76 element analytical scheme. Geochemical data statistics, scatter plotting, and geochemical map compilation tech- niques have been employed to investigate differences between FOREGS and IGGE analytical results. The results of two datasets, the IGGE＇s analysis data for composited samples, and the FOREGS average data of samples in each GNT cell, agree extremely well lor about 23 elements, viz： SiO2, St, Al2O3, Zr, Ba, Fe2O3, Ti, Rb, Mn, Gd, CaO, Ga, MgO, P, Pb, Na2O, Y, Th, As, U Sc, Cr, and Co. There are slight differences between-laboratory biases shown as proportional errors between the datasets for Ni, K2O, Tb, Tl, Cu, S, Sin, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Ho, Er, Tin, Yb, Lu, Ta, Nb, HE and Dy. For Cd, Cs, Be, Sb, In, Mo, I, Sn, and Te, the correlation of the two datasets and the similarity of the geochemical maps are fairly good, but obvious biases exist between the two datasets at values near detection limits.展开更多
In data-driven fault diagnosis for turbo-generator sets,the fault samples are usually expensive to obtain,and inevitably with noise,which will both lead to an unsatisfying identification performance of diagnosis model...In data-driven fault diagnosis for turbo-generator sets,the fault samples are usually expensive to obtain,and inevitably with noise,which will both lead to an unsatisfying identification performance of diagnosis models.To address these issues,this paper proposes a fault diagnosis model for turbo-generator sets based on Weighted Extension Neural Network(W-ENN).WENN is a novel neural network which has three types of connection weights and an improved correlation function.The performance of the proposed model is validated against Extension Neural Network(ENN),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Relevance Vector Machine(RVM)and Extreme Learning Machine(ELM)based models.The results indicate that,on noisy small sample sets,the proposed model is superior to the other models in terms of higher identification accuracy with fewer samples and strong noise-tolerant ability.The findings of this study may serve as a powerful fault diagnosis model for turbo-generator sets on noisy small sample sets.展开更多
A novel method for the determination of five carbamate pesticides （metolcarb, carbofuran, carbaryl, isoprocard and diethofencard） in water samples was developed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction （DLLME） ...A novel method for the determination of five carbamate pesticides （metolcarb, carbofuran, carbaryl, isoprocard and diethofencard） in water samples was developed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction （DLLME） coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector （HPLC-DAD）. Some experimental parameters that influence the extraction efficiency were studied and optimized to obtain the best extraction results. Under the optimum conditions for the method, the calibration curve was linear in the concentration range from 5 to 1000 ng mL^-1 for all the five carbamate pesticides, with the correlation coefficients （r^2） varying from 0.9984 to 0.9994. Good enrichment factors were achieved ranging from 80 to 177- fold, depending on the compound. The limits of detection （LODs） （S/N = 3） were ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 ng mL^-1. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of the pesticide residues in environmental water samples.展开更多
Natural surface coating samples （NSCSs） from the surface of shingles and surficial sediments （SSs） in the Songhua River, China were employed to investigate the relationship between NSCSs and SSs in fractions of he...Natural surface coating samples （NSCSs） from the surface of shingles and surficial sediments （SSs） in the Songhua River, China were employed to investigate the relationship between NSCSs and SSs in fractions of heavy metals （Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd） using the modified sequential extraction procedure （MSEP）. The results show that the differences between NSCSs and SSs in Fe fi＇actions were insignificant and Fe was dominantly present as residual phase （76.22% for NSCSs and 80.88% for SSs） and Fe-oxides phase （20.33% for NSCSs and 16.15% for SSs）. Significant variation of Mn distribution patterns between NSCSs and SSs was observed with Mn in NSCSs mainly present in Mn-oxides phase （48.27%） and that in SSs present as residual phase （45.44%）. Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd were found dominantly in residual fractions （〉48%）, and next in solid oxides/hydroxides for Zn, Pb and Cd and in easily oxidizable solids/compounds form for Cu, respectively. The heavy metal distribution patterns implied that Fe/Mn oxides both in NSCSs and SSs were more important sinks for binding and adsorption of Zn, Pb and Cd than organic matter （OM）, and inversely, higher affinity of Cu to OM than Fe/Mn oxides in NSCSs and SSs was obtained. Meanwhile, it was found that the distributions of heavy metals in NSCSs and SSs were similar to each other and the pseudo-total concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in NSCSs were greater than those in SSs, highlighting the more importance for NSCSs than SSs in controlling behaviours of heavy metals in aquatic environments.展开更多
基金the Key National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1864211)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11772191)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.21ZR1431500)。
文摘Industrial data mining usually deals with data from different sources.These heterogeneous datasets describe the same object in different views.However,samples from some of the datasets may be lost.Then the remaining samples do not correspond one-to-one correctly.Mismatched datasets caused by missing samples make the industrial data unavailable for further machine learning.In order to align the mismatched samples,this article presents a cooperative iteration matching method(CIMM)based on the modified dynamic time warping(DTW).The proposed method regards the sequentially accumulated industrial data as the time series.Mismatched samples are aligned by the DTW.In addition,dynamic constraints are applied to the warping distance of the DTW process to make the alignment more efficient.Then a series of models are trained with the cumulated samples iteratively.Several groups of numerical experiments on different missing patterns and missing locations are designed and analyzed to prove the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed method.
基金supported by he National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12304359,12304398,12404382,12234009,12274215,and 12427808)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M731611)+4 种基金the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(Grant No.2023ZB717)Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301400)Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BE2023002)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.BK20220759 and BK20233001)Program for Innovative Talents and Entrepreneurs in Jiangsu,and Key R&D Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2020B0303010001).
文摘As an emerging microscopic detection tool,quantum microscopes based on the principle of quantum precision measurement have attracted widespread attention in recent years.Compared with the imaging of classical light,quantum-enhanced imaging can achieve ultra-high resolution,ultra-sensitive detection,and anti-interference imaging.Here,we introduce a quantum-enhanced scanning microscope under illumination of an entangled NOON state in polarization.For the phase imager with NOON states,we propose a simple four-basis projection method to replace the four-step phase-shifting method.We have achieved the phase imaging of micrometer-sized birefringent samples and biological cell specimens,with sensitivity close to the Heisenberg limit.The visibility of transmittance-based imaging shows a great enhancement for NOON states.Besides,we also demonstrate that the scanning imaging with NOON states enables the spatial resolution enhancement of√N compared with classical measurement.Our imaging method may provide some reference for the practical application of quantum imaging and is expected to promote the development of microscopic detection.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers:82370195,82270203,81770211)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Univer-sities(grant number:2022CDJYGRH-001)Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Special Key Project(grant number:CSTB2024TIAD-KPX0031).
文摘Flow cytometry(FCM),characterized by its simplicity,rapid processing,multiparameter analysis,and high sen-sitivity,is widely used in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of hematological malignancies.FCM testing of tissue samples not only aids in diagnosing and classifying hematological cancers,but also enables the detection of solid tumors.Its ability to detect numerous marker parameters from small samples is particularly useful when dealing with limited cell quantities,such as in fine-needle biopsy samples.This attribute not only addresses the challenge posed by small sample sizes,but also boosts the sensitivity of tumor cell detection.The significance of FCM in clinical and pathological applications continues to grow.To standardize the use of FCM in detecting hematological malignant cells in tissue samples and to improve quality control during the detection process,experts from the Cell Analysis Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Biotechnology jointly drafted and agreed upon this consensus.This consensus was formulated based on current literature and clinical practices of all experts across clinical,laboratory,and pathological fields in China.It outlines a comprehensive workflow of FCM-based assay for the detection of hematological malignancies in tissue samples,including report content,interpretation,quality control,and key considerations.Additionally,it provides recommendations on antibody panel designs and analytical approaches to enhancing FCM tests,particularly in cases with limited sample sizes.
基金Projects(42477162,52108347,52178371,52168046,52178321,52308383)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2023C03143,2022C01099,2024C01219,2022C03151)supported by the Zhejiang Key Research and Development Plan,China+6 种基金Project(LQ22E080010)supported by the Exploring Youth Project of Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation,ChinaProject(LR21E080005)supported by the Outstanding Youth Project of Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,ChinaProject(2022M712964)supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2023AFB008)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province for Youth,ChinaProject(202203)supported by Engineering Research Centre of Rock-Soil Drilling&Excavation and Protection,Ministry of Education,ChinaProject(202305-2)supported by the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Communication Department,ChinaProject(2021K256)supported by the Construction Research Founds of Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of Zhejiang Province,China。
文摘This study proposes a general imperfect thermal contact model to predict the thermal contact resistance at the interface among multi-layered composite structures.Based on the Green-Lindsay(GL)thermoelastic theory,semi analytical solutions of temperature increment and displacement of multi-layered composite structures are obtained by using the Laplace transform method,upon which the effects of thermal resistance coefficient,partition coefficient,thermal conductivity ratio and heat capacity ratio on the responses are studied.The results show that the generalized imperfect thermal contact model can realistically describe the imperfect thermal contact problem.Accordingly,it may degenerate into other thermal contact models by adjusting the thermal resistance coefficient and partition coefficient.
文摘In this paper,an image processing algorithm which is able to synthesize material textures of arbitrary shapes is proposed.The presented approach uses an arbitrary image to construct a structure layer of the material.The resulting structure layer is then used to constrain the material texture synthesis.The field of second-moment matrices is used to represent the structure layer.Many tests with various constraint images are conducted to ensure that the proposed approach accurately reproduces the visual aspects of the input material sample.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to accurately synthesize arbitrary-shaped material textures while respecting the local characteristics of the exemplar.This paves the way toward the synthesis of 3D material textures of arbitrary shapes from 2D material samples,which has a wide application range in virtual material design and materials characterization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42277103)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee, China (Nos. JCYJ20240813095659001 and KCXFZ20240903094205008)+1 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, China (No. 2023B1212060002)the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Health and Land Resource, China (No. 2020B121201014) and the high level special funds, China (Nos. G03050K001 and G030290001)。
文摘The efficacy of DNA sequencing,particularly long reads nanopore sequencing,is critically dependent on the amount and quality of the input DNA.However,extracting high concentrations of DNA from low biomass samples,especially from solid matrices,presents significant challenges,this limitation not only substantially hampers the scope of environmental microbiology studies but also makes enhancing DNA yield indispensable in many instances.Therefore,in this study,we systematically evaluated the impact of four different DNA enrichment methods on both amplicon and metagenomic community analyses of solid-phase,low-biomass samples:permafrost soil and biofilm of sand filter.These methods include multiple displacement amplification(MDA),centrifugal filtration(CF),freeze vacuum drying at(FVD)as well as vacuum centrifugal at 35,45,and 60°C(namely VC35,VC45,VC60).Our results indicate that FVD was the most effective for increasing DNA concentration,while VC methods best preserved DNA fragment length.In contrast,the widely used MDA and CF methods exhibited biases,preferentially enriching low-GC content sequences,which affected both assembly and annotation outcomes.Metagenomic assembly from MDA and CF samples was suboptimal,with fewer contigs and no middle quality MAGs recovered compared to other methods.Community composition analysis revealed significant shifts across all enrichment methods,with Sphingomonas and Sphingorhabdus genera could be obviously enriched.These findings highlight the necessity and importance of carefully selecting DNA enrichment methods to ensure reliable metagenomic investigation of low-biomass environmental samples.
文摘Geological samples often contain significant amounts of iron,which,although not typically the target element,can substantially interfere with the analysis of other elements of interest.To mitigate these interferences,amidoximebased radiation grafted adsorbents have been identified as effective for iron removal.In this study,an amidoximefunctionalized,radiation-grafted adsorbent synthesized from polypropylene waste(PPw-g-AO-10)was employed to remove iron from leached geological samples.The adsorption process was systematically optimized by investigating the effects of pH,contact time,adsorbent dosage,and initial ferric ion concentration.Under optimal conditions-pH1.4,a contact time of 90 min,and an initial ferric ion concentration of 4500 mg/L-the adsorbent exhibited a maximum iron adsorption capacity of 269.02 mg/g.After optimizing the critical adsorption parameters,the adsorbent was applied to the leached geological samples,achieving a 91%removal of the iron content.The adsorbent was regenerated through two consecutive cycles using 0.2 N HNO_(3),achieving a regeneration efficiency of 65%.These findings confirm the efficacy of the synthesized PPw-g-AO-10 as a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for successfully removing iron from leached geological matrices while maintaining a reasonable degree of reusability.
基金the Major Scientific Instrument Research of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61627810)the National Science and Technology Major Program of China(No.2018YFB1305003)。
文摘A lifespan prediction model was developed based on a few samples to provide decision-making information for operation and maintenance,as well as improve the economy and safety of nuclear power plant(NPP)operations.This paper applies a Weibull model to forecast the lifespan of electronic cards with a few samples in NPPs.Relationship between the lifespan prediction of electronic cards and the ambient temperature is revealed using the Arrhenius equation.Censored samples are used to compensate for the lack of fault electronic card data.Scale parameter and shape parameter of the Weibull model are optimized by adjusting the weight ratio between the censored data and the fault data.Characteristic life is then obtained using the rank regression fitting equation.Parameters of the Arrhenius equation can be calculated by dividing the samples into groups according to the ambient temperature.A case study of the intermediate range high-voltage electric card of ex-core neutron detectors demonstrates that the lifespan prediction of electronic cards in NPPs can be successfully predicted with a few samples by combining the Weibull model and the Arrhenius model.This can help provide preventive maintenance recommendations for electronic cards.Finally,operation suggestions for the electronic card’s ambient temperature can be made by utilizing the temperature-life model.
基金supported by the Innovation Driven Development Foundation of Guangxi(No.AD22080035)the Open Project Funding of the Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource,Ministry of Natural Resources(No.2023-QN04)+1 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Ordinary University Youth Innovative Talent Project in 2024(No.2024KQNCX134)the Guangdong Provincial Special Fund Project for Talent Development Strategy in 2024(No.2024R3005).
文摘The investigation of whether sediment samples contain representative grain size distribution information is important for the accurate extraction of sediment characteristics and conduct of related sedimentary record studies.This study comparatively analyzed the numerical and qualitative differences and the degree of correlation of 36 sets of the characteristic parameters of surface sediment parallel sample grain size distribution from three sampling profiles at Jinsha Bay Beach in Zhanjiang,western Guangdong.At each sampling point,five parallel subsamples were established at intervals of 0,10,20,50,and 100 cm along the coastline.The research findings indicate the following:1)relatively large differences in the mean values of the different parallel samples(0.19–0.34Φ),with smaller differences observed in other characteristic grain sizes(D_(10),D_(50),and D_(90));2)small differences in characteristic values among various parallel sample grain size parameters,with at least 33%of the combinations of qualitative results showing inconsistency;3)50%of the regression equations between the skewness of different parallel samples displaying no significant correlation;4)relative deviations of−47.91%to 27.63%and−49.20%to 2.08%existing between the particle size parameters of a single sample and parallel samples(with the average obtained)at intervals of 10 and 50 cm,respectively.As such,small spatial differences,even within 100 cm,can considerably affect grain size parameters.Given the uncertain reasons underlying the representativeness of the samples,which may only cover the area immediately surrounding the sampling station,researchers are advised to design parallel sample collection strategies based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the parameters of interest during sediment sample collection.This study provides a typical case of the comparative analysis of parallel sample grain size parameters,with a focus on small spatial beach sediment,which contributes to the enhanced understanding of the accuracy and reliability of sediment sample collection strategies and extraction of grain size information.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42241106 and 42388101).
文摘The exploration of asteroids has received increasing attention since the 1990s because of the unique information these objects contain about the history of the early solar system.Quasi-satellites are a population of asteroids that co-orbit closely with,but are outside the gravitational control of,the planet.So far,only five Earth quasi-satellites have been recognized,among which(469219)Kamo’oalewa(provisionally designated as 2016 HO3)is currently considered the most stable and the closest of these.However,little is known about this particular asteroid or this class of near-Earth asteroids because of the difficulties of observing them.China has announced that Tianwen-2,the asteroid sample-return mission to Kamo’oalewa,will be launched in 2025.Here,we review the current knowledge of Kamo’oalewa in terms of its physical characteristics,dynamic evolution,surface environment,and origin,and we propose possible breakthroughs that the samples could bring concerning the asteroid Kamo’oalewa as an Earth quasi-satellite.Confirming the origin of Kamo’oalewa,from its prevailing provenance as debris of the Moon,could be a promising start to inferring the evolutionary history of the Moon.This history would probably include a more comprehensive view of the lunar farside and the origin of the asymmetry between the two sides of the Moon.Comparing the samples from the Moon and Kamo’oalewa would also provide new insights into the Earth wind.
基金supported by grants from the Human Resources Development program(Grant No.20204010600250)the Training Program of CCUS for the Green Growth(Grant No.20214000000500)by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry,and Energy of the Korean Government(MOTIE).
文摘Three-dimensional printing(3DP)offers valuable insight into the characterization of natural rocks and the verification of theoretical models due to its high reproducibility and accurate replication of complex defects such as cracks and pores.In this study,3DP gypsum samples with different printing directions were subjected to a series of uniaxial compression tests with in situ micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)scanning to quantitatively investigate their mechanical anisotropic properties and damage evolution characteristics.Based on the two-dimensional(2D)CT images obtained at different scanning steps,a novel void ratio variable was derived using the mean value and variance of CT intensity.Additionally,a constitutive model was formulated incorporating the proposed damage variable,utilizing the void ratio variable.The crack evolution and crack morphology of 3DP gypsum samples were obtained and analyzed using the 3D models reconstructed from the CT images.The results indicate that 3DP gypsum samples exhibit mechanical anisotropic characteristics similar to those found in naturally sedimentary rocks.The mechanical anisotropy is attributed to the bedding planes formed between adjacent layers and pillar-like structures along the printing direction formed by CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O crystals of needle-like morphology.The mean gray intensity of the voids has a positive linear relationship with the threshold value,while the CT variance and void ratio have concave and convex relationships,respectively.The constitutive model can effectively match the stress–strain curves obtained from uniaxial compression experiments.This study provides comprehensive explanations of the failure modes and anisotropic mechanisms of 3DP gypsum samples,which is important for characterizing and understanding the failure mechanism and microstructural evolution of 3DP rocks when modeling natural rock behavior.
基金Supported by Key Science and Technology Program(GKZ1222003-2-2)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to compare the residue situation of cimaterol,a kind of forbidden veterinary drug in hair, urine and flesh of pig, so as to provide theoretical basis for monitoring veterinary drug residue in bred animals. [Method]Total three different concentrations of cimaterol were administered to pigs, and the residue amounts of cimaterol in pig hair, urine and flesh were monitored at different raising stage. [Result] During the administration period, the residue amount of cimaterol was highest in urine, so urine is the suitable sample for rapid detection of cimaterol in manufacturing enterprises. Cimaterol could be accumulated in pig hair,where cimaterol was metabolized slowly. Thus, pig hair can be used as the test sample for tracing illegal use of veterinary drugs and for vivo detection. Flesh can be used as test sample for direct judgment whether cimaterol residue exceeds the relevant standard. [Conclusion] This study will provide certain theoretical basis for drug monitor in animal husbandry.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51475225)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2013ZE52067)
文摘Abstract Industrial robots are used for automatic drilling and riveting. The absolute position accuracy of an industrial robot is one of the key performance indexes in aircraft assembly, and can be improved through error compensation to meet aircraft assembly requirements. The achiev- able accuracy and the difficulty of accuracy compensation implementation are closely related to the choice of sampling points. Therefore, based on the error similarity error compensation method, a method for choosing sampling points on a uniform grid is proposed. A simulation is conducted to analyze the influence of the sample point locations on error compensation. In addition, the grid steps of the sampling points are optimized using a statistical analysis method. The method is used to generate grids and optimize the grid steps of a Kuka KR-210 robot. The experimental results show that the method for planning sampling data can be used to effectively optimize the sampling grid. After error compensation, the position accuracy of the robot meels the position accuracy require- ments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41473031,41530211)the MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan (No. MSFGPMR01)
文摘Oxide interference correction plays a vital role in the accurate determination of trace element compositions of geological samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).In this study,we found that the oxide production is mainly controlled by the gas flow of the ICP-MS and a constant oxide correction factor(OCF)can be measured during a routine analysis.Thus,we can obtain the oxide production by just investigating the gas flow for a fixed ICP-MS system with monitoring of OCF.Si,Ba and LREE oxide interferences on the Sc,Eu and Gd of four geological standard samples GSP-2,JP-1,GBW03112 and GBW03113 were corrected by such method and the results were in good agreement with the recommended values.Therefore,the present study provides a simple and fast correction method for the oxide interferences of the geological samples during the routine analyses.Furthermore,a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet template integrating the correction equations was developed in an in-house software(ICPMSData Cal)for effective calibration.
基金supported by Aviation Science Foundation of China (No. 20100251006)the Technological Foundation Project (No. J132012C001)
文摘During environment testing, the estimation of random vibration signals （RVS） is an important technique for the airborne platform safety and reliability. However, the available meth- ods including extreme value envelope method （EVEM）, statistical tolerances method （STM） and improved statistical tolerance method （ISTM） require large samples and typical probability distri- bution. Moreover, the frequency-varying characteristic of RVS is usually not taken into account. Gray bootstrap method （GBM） is proposed to solve the problem of estimating frequency-varying RVS with small samples. Firstly, the estimated indexes are obtained including the estimated inter- val, the estimated uncertainty, the estimated value, the estimated error and estimated reliability. In addition, GBM is applied to estimating the single flight testing of certain aircraft. At last, in order to evaluate the estimated performance, GBM is compared with bootstrap method （BM） and gray method （GM） in testing analysis. The result shows that GBM has superiority for estimating dynamic signals with small samples and estimated reliability is proved to be 100% at the given confidence level.
文摘The adsorption of iodine onto silica coated magnetite nanoparticles(im-SCMNPs) that modified with imidazole was investigated for removal of high concentrations of iodine from wastewater. Modified silica magnetite nanoparticles showed high efficiency in removing iodine from wastewater samples. The optimum pH for iodine removal was 7.0-8.0. The adsorption capacity was evaluated using both the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. The size of the produced magnetite nanoparticles was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Synthesized magnetite nanoparticles showed the high adsorption capacity and would be a good method to increase adsorption efficiency for the removal of iodine in a wastewater treatment process. The Langmuir adsorption capacity(qmax) was found to be 140.84 mg/g of the adsorbent.
基金given to the Ministry of Land and Resources and the Ministry of Science and Technology for the research funding of the projects: SinoProbe 04 and 863 Project 2007AA06Z133
文摘Geochemical subsoil data obtained from China and European laboratories have been compared in this study. 787 C horizon subsoil samples from FOREGS （Forum of European Geological Surveys） geochemical baselines mapping project were sent to China＇s IGGE （Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration） laboratory and composited to 190 samples according to the 160 kin x 160 km GNT （Global Terrestrial Network） cells. In addition to the FOREGS elemental analysis package, Au, Pt, Pd, B, Ge, Br, CI, Se, N, Li and F were also analyzed by using the IGGE＇s 76 element analytical scheme. Geochemical data statistics, scatter plotting, and geochemical map compilation tech- niques have been employed to investigate differences between FOREGS and IGGE analytical results. The results of two datasets, the IGGE＇s analysis data for composited samples, and the FOREGS average data of samples in each GNT cell, agree extremely well lor about 23 elements, viz： SiO2, St, Al2O3, Zr, Ba, Fe2O3, Ti, Rb, Mn, Gd, CaO, Ga, MgO, P, Pb, Na2O, Y, Th, As, U Sc, Cr, and Co. There are slight differences between-laboratory biases shown as proportional errors between the datasets for Ni, K2O, Tb, Tl, Cu, S, Sin, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Ho, Er, Tin, Yb, Lu, Ta, Nb, HE and Dy. For Cd, Cs, Be, Sb, In, Mo, I, Sn, and Te, the correlation of the two datasets and the similarity of the geochemical maps are fairly good, but obvious biases exist between the two datasets at values near detection limits.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51775272,No.51005114)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.NS2014050)。
文摘In data-driven fault diagnosis for turbo-generator sets,the fault samples are usually expensive to obtain,and inevitably with noise,which will both lead to an unsatisfying identification performance of diagnosis models.To address these issues,this paper proposes a fault diagnosis model for turbo-generator sets based on Weighted Extension Neural Network(W-ENN).WENN is a novel neural network which has three types of connection weights and an improved correlation function.The performance of the proposed model is validated against Extension Neural Network(ENN),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Relevance Vector Machine(RVM)and Extreme Learning Machine(ELM)based models.The results indicate that,on noisy small sample sets,the proposed model is superior to the other models in terms of higher identification accuracy with fewer samples and strong noise-tolerant ability.The findings of this study may serve as a powerful fault diagnosis model for turbo-generator sets on noisy small sample sets.
基金supported both by the Natural Science Foundations of Hebei(No.B2008000210)the Scientific Research Foundation of Agricultural University of Hebei.
文摘A novel method for the determination of five carbamate pesticides （metolcarb, carbofuran, carbaryl, isoprocard and diethofencard） in water samples was developed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction （DLLME） coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector （HPLC-DAD）. Some experimental parameters that influence the extraction efficiency were studied and optimized to obtain the best extraction results. Under the optimum conditions for the method, the calibration curve was linear in the concentration range from 5 to 1000 ng mL^-1 for all the five carbamate pesticides, with the correlation coefficients （r^2） varying from 0.9984 to 0.9994. Good enrichment factors were achieved ranging from 80 to 177- fold, depending on the compound. The limits of detection （LODs） （S/N = 3） were ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 ng mL^-1. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of the pesticide residues in environmental water samples.
基金The National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2004CB3418500)
文摘Natural surface coating samples （NSCSs） from the surface of shingles and surficial sediments （SSs） in the Songhua River, China were employed to investigate the relationship between NSCSs and SSs in fractions of heavy metals （Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd） using the modified sequential extraction procedure （MSEP）. The results show that the differences between NSCSs and SSs in Fe fi＇actions were insignificant and Fe was dominantly present as residual phase （76.22% for NSCSs and 80.88% for SSs） and Fe-oxides phase （20.33% for NSCSs and 16.15% for SSs）. Significant variation of Mn distribution patterns between NSCSs and SSs was observed with Mn in NSCSs mainly present in Mn-oxides phase （48.27%） and that in SSs present as residual phase （45.44%）. Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd were found dominantly in residual fractions （〉48%）, and next in solid oxides/hydroxides for Zn, Pb and Cd and in easily oxidizable solids/compounds form for Cu, respectively. The heavy metal distribution patterns implied that Fe/Mn oxides both in NSCSs and SSs were more important sinks for binding and adsorption of Zn, Pb and Cd than organic matter （OM）, and inversely, higher affinity of Cu to OM than Fe/Mn oxides in NSCSs and SSs was obtained. Meanwhile, it was found that the distributions of heavy metals in NSCSs and SSs were similar to each other and the pseudo-total concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in NSCSs were greater than those in SSs, highlighting the more importance for NSCSs than SSs in controlling behaviours of heavy metals in aquatic environments.
