Peer feedback is found to positively influence student learning and achievement. Despite concerns from learners and teachers, it is increasingly being used successfully in ESL and EFL writing classrooms. To help teach...Peer feedback is found to positively influence student learning and achievement. Despite concerns from learners and teachers, it is increasingly being used successfully in ESL and EFL writing classrooms. To help teachers and researchers understand the application of peer feedback, this paper presents a new theory based on the learning sciences for why all students, even beginning EFL students, can meaningfully participate in peer feedback. It highlights the importance of feedback that is carefully structured for maximal impact. Further, it introduces the idea of the Persuasive Zone of Competence: Students are generally sufficiently competent to address performance problems among their peers, and multi-peer feedback tends to be especially persuasive. We conclude with suggestions for how to maximize the learning potentials in peer feedback in EFL/ESL writing classrooms.展开更多
为充分发挥港口作为能源转换枢纽与交通集散中心的优势,实现能源-交通之间的深度耦合与高效互动,提出一种基于共享泊位及点对点(peer-to-peer,P2P)交易的多港口综合能源系统(multi-port integrated energy systems,MPIES)协同调度策略...为充分发挥港口作为能源转换枢纽与交通集散中心的优势,实现能源-交通之间的深度耦合与高效互动,提出一种基于共享泊位及点对点(peer-to-peer,P2P)交易的多港口综合能源系统(multi-port integrated energy systems,MPIES)协同调度策略。首先,基于泊位与岸桥联合分配特性刻画氢能船舶的停泊特征,并结合氢能船舶的能量属性,建立其能源-交通耦合模型,实现交通负荷在时间尺度上的响应;其次,构建MPIES能源-交通共享模型。在交通共享方面,通过共享泊位均衡多港交通作业需求及能流空间分布,实现交通负荷在空间尺度上的响应;在能源共享方面,采用基于中间市场利率(mid-market rate,MMR)定价方式的P2P交易促进多港能源盈缺互补;再次,提出基于合作博弈的MPIES协同调度策略,并采用广义纳什议价进行利益分配,以保证利益最大化和公平分配;最后,以天津3个典型港口为例,验证所提模型可有效提升MPIES的经济性与灵活性,并通过灵敏度分析探究影响“船随源动”、“源随船动”的关键因素。展开更多
文摘Peer feedback is found to positively influence student learning and achievement. Despite concerns from learners and teachers, it is increasingly being used successfully in ESL and EFL writing classrooms. To help teachers and researchers understand the application of peer feedback, this paper presents a new theory based on the learning sciences for why all students, even beginning EFL students, can meaningfully participate in peer feedback. It highlights the importance of feedback that is carefully structured for maximal impact. Further, it introduces the idea of the Persuasive Zone of Competence: Students are generally sufficiently competent to address performance problems among their peers, and multi-peer feedback tends to be especially persuasive. We conclude with suggestions for how to maximize the learning potentials in peer feedback in EFL/ESL writing classrooms.
文摘为充分发挥港口作为能源转换枢纽与交通集散中心的优势,实现能源-交通之间的深度耦合与高效互动,提出一种基于共享泊位及点对点(peer-to-peer,P2P)交易的多港口综合能源系统(multi-port integrated energy systems,MPIES)协同调度策略。首先,基于泊位与岸桥联合分配特性刻画氢能船舶的停泊特征,并结合氢能船舶的能量属性,建立其能源-交通耦合模型,实现交通负荷在时间尺度上的响应;其次,构建MPIES能源-交通共享模型。在交通共享方面,通过共享泊位均衡多港交通作业需求及能流空间分布,实现交通负荷在空间尺度上的响应;在能源共享方面,采用基于中间市场利率(mid-market rate,MMR)定价方式的P2P交易促进多港能源盈缺互补;再次,提出基于合作博弈的MPIES协同调度策略,并采用广义纳什议价进行利益分配,以保证利益最大化和公平分配;最后,以天津3个典型港口为例,验证所提模型可有效提升MPIES的经济性与灵活性,并通过灵敏度分析探究影响“船随源动”、“源随船动”的关键因素。
