Human pose estimation is a basic and critical task in the field of computer vision that involves determining the position(or spatial coordinates)of the joints of the human body in a given image or video.It is widely u...Human pose estimation is a basic and critical task in the field of computer vision that involves determining the position(or spatial coordinates)of the joints of the human body in a given image or video.It is widely used in motion analysis,medical evaluation,and behavior monitoring.In this paper,the authors propose a method for multi-view human pose estimation.Two image sensors were placed orthogonally with respect to each other to capture the pose of the subject as they moved,and this yielded accurate and comprehensive results of three-dimensional(3D)motion reconstruction that helped capture their multi-directional poses.Following this,we propose a method based on 3D pose estimation to assess the similarity of the features of motion of patients with motor dysfunction by comparing differences between their range of motion and that of normal subjects.We converted these differences into Fugl–Meyer assessment(FMA)scores in order to quantify them.Finally,we implemented the proposed method in the Unity framework,and built a Virtual Reality platform that provides users with human–computer interaction to make the task more enjoyable for them and ensure their active participation in the assessment process.The goal is to provide a suitable means of assessing movement disorders without requiring the immediate supervision of a physician.展开更多
Stroke patients with hemiplegia exhibit flexor spasms in the upper limb and extensor spasms in the lower limb, and their movement patterns vary greatly. Constraint-induced movement therapy is an upper limb rehabilitat...Stroke patients with hemiplegia exhibit flexor spasms in the upper limb and extensor spasms in the lower limb, and their movement patterns vary greatly. Constraint-induced movement therapy is an upper limb rehabilitation technique used in stroke patients with hemiplegia; however, studies of lower extremity rehabilitation are scarce. In this study, stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia underwent conventional Bobath therapy for 4 weeks as baseline treatment, followed by constraint-induced movement therapy for an additional 4 weeks. The 10-m maximum walking speed and Berg balance scale scores significantly improved following treatment, and lower extremity motor function also improved. The results of functional MRI showed that constraint-induced movement therapy alleviates the reduction in cerebral functional activation in patients, which indicates activation of functional brain regions and a significant increase in cerebral blood perfusJon. These results demonstrate that constraint-induced movement therapy promotes brain functional reorganization in stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia.展开更多
Banana bunchy top virus(BBTV)poses a serious danger to banana crops worldwide.BBTV-encoded protein B4 is a determinant of pathogenicity.However,the relevant molecular mechanisms underlying its effects remain unknown.I...Banana bunchy top virus(BBTV)poses a serious danger to banana crops worldwide.BBTV-encoded protein B4 is a determinant of pathogenicity.However,the relevant molecular mechanisms underlying its effects remain unknown.In this study,we found that a functional peptide could be liberated from protein B4,likely via proteolytic processing.Site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the functional processing of protein B4 is required for its pathogenic effects,including dwarfism and sterility,in plants.The released protein fragment targets host proteins,such as the large subunit of RuBisCO(RbcL)and elongation factor 2(EF2),involved in protein synthesis.Therefore,the peptide released from B4(also a precursor)may act as a non-canonical modifier to influence host-pathogen interactions involving BBTV and plants.展开更多
Aim The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of the two clutches on recording the condylar movement. Methodology Ten subjects （6 women,4 men; mean age 25.4 years） participated in the study. The mandibular...Aim The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of the two clutches on recording the condylar movement. Methodology Ten subjects （6 women,4 men; mean age 25.4 years） participated in the study. The mandibular move-ment,sagittal condylar inclination angle,and transversal condylar inclination angle of each subject were recorded with the CADIAX？ using the two clutches,respectively. The characteristics of the tracings of the protrusion,opening,and mediotrusion were analyzed with the t-test statistics at α = 0.05 level. The Kappa values were calculated for an assessment of the congruence of the tracings. Results The results showed that the contour,direction,and dimension of the tracings in the two clutches were approxi-mately same,but the tracings determined by the functional occlusal clutch were more regular and congruent. In the group segment recorded with the tray clutch,opening/ closing paths of one subject showed crossed and time curves of three subjects appeared peak-like changes of velocity,but none were statistically different （P0.05）. Conclusion The research suggests that the functional occlusal clutch should be preferred in the evaluation of the mandibular function,as the tracings with the tray clutch are more likely to produce false positive results.展开更多
The realization of protein functional movement is usually accompanied by specific conformational changes,and there exist some key residues that mediate and control the functional motions of proteins in the allosteric ...The realization of protein functional movement is usually accompanied by specific conformational changes,and there exist some key residues that mediate and control the functional motions of proteins in the allosteric process.In the present work,the perturbation-response scanning method developed by our group was combined with the molecular dynamics(MD)simulation to identify the key residues controlling the functional movement of proteins.In our method,a physical quantity that is directly related to protein specific function was introduced,and then based on the MD simulation trajectories,the perturbation-response scanning method was used to identify the key residues for functional motions,in which the residues that highly correlated with the fluctuation of the function-related quantity were identified as the key residues controlling the specific functional motions of the protein.Two protein systems,i.e.,the heat shock protein 70 and glutamine binding protein,were selected as case studies to validate the effectiveness of our method.Our calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.The location of the key residues in the two proteins are similar,indicating the similar mechanisms behind the performance of their biological functions.展开更多
In this study, stroke patients received constraint-induced movement therapy for 3 weeks. Before and after constraint-induced movement therapy, the flexibility of their upper limbs on the affected side was assessed usi...In this study, stroke patients received constraint-induced movement therapy for 3 weeks. Before and after constraint-induced movement therapy, the flexibility of their upper limbs on the affected side was assessed using the Wolf motor function test, and daily use of their affected limbs was assessed using the movement activities log, and cerebral functional reorganization was assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The Wolf motor function test score and the movement activities log quantity and quality scores were significantly increased, while action performance time in the Wolf motor function test was significantly decreased after constraint-induced movement therapy. By functional magnetic resonance imaging examination, only scattered activation points were visible on the affected side before therapy. In contrast, the volume of the activated area was increased after therapy. The activation volume in the sensorimotor area was significantly different before and after therapy, and the activation area increased and appeared adjusted. In addition to the activated area around the lesions being decreased, there were also some new activated areas, including the supplementary movement area, premotor area and the ipsilateral sensorimotor area. Our findings indicate that constraint-induced movement therapy significantly improves the movement ability and daily use of the affected upper limbs in stroke patients and promotes cerebral functional reorganization.展开更多
BACKGROUND Dystonic gait(DG) is one of clinical symptoms associated with functional dystonia in the functional movement disorders(FMDs). Dystonia is often initiated or worsened by voluntary action and associated with ...BACKGROUND Dystonic gait(DG) is one of clinical symptoms associated with functional dystonia in the functional movement disorders(FMDs). Dystonia is often initiated or worsened by voluntary action and associated with overflow muscle activation. There is no report for DG in FMDs caused by an abnormal pattern in the ankle muscle recruitment strategy during gait.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient presented with persistent limping gait. When we requested him to do dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of his ankle in the standing and seating positions, we didn’t see any abnormality. However, we could see the DG during the gait. There were no evidences of common peroneal neuropathy and L5 radiculopathy in the electrodiagnostic study. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine, lower leg, and brain had no definite finding. No specific finding was seen in the neurologic examination. For further evaluation, a wireless surface electromyography(EMG) was performed. During the gait, EMG amplitude of left medial and lateral gastrocnemius(GCM) muscles was larger than right medial and lateral GCM muscles. When we analyzed EMG signals for each muscle, there were EMG bursts of double-contraction in the left medial and lateral GCM muscles, while EMG analysis of right medial and lateral GCM muscles noted regular bursts of single contraction. We could find a cause of DG in FMDs.CONCLUSION We report an importance of a wireless surface EMG, in which other examination didn’t reveal the cause of DG in FMDs.展开更多
Introduction: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) refers to the rupture of the fibrous annulus of the intervertebral discs. Lumbar curvature may lead to the occurrence of lumbar disc degeneration. Fear of movement may worsen...Introduction: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) refers to the rupture of the fibrous annulus of the intervertebral discs. Lumbar curvature may lead to the occurrence of lumbar disc degeneration. Fear of movement may worsen their disc herniation and cause further pain and injury. LDH conditions impact the individuals’ quality of life, to explore the relationship between lumbar curve, muscle strength, fear of movement and functional disability among patients with LDH. Methods: An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Springerlink, Google Scholar and a hand search from reference lists was reviewed. Publications were included in human studies, patients 25 - 85 years of age, original studies and published in English language journals from January 2002 to December 2023. Result: In total, 64 articles were researched through the online search engines, and 9 papers were found through manual searches of reference lists. As a result, a total of 11 articles were included for the purpose of this review. The comprehensive analysis revealed the presence of eight cross-sectional studies, two retrospective studies and one experimental study. A minimum of 25 participants and a maximum of 360 participants were included. Ten studies included both genders, only one studies included healthy adults and patients with LDH but these studies didn’t mention gender. Results showed that the factors influencing LDH can be categorized into non-modifiable factors, such as gender, age, height or others. Modifiable factors included increased BMI, DM, smoking, alcohol, employment status, lifestyle and health problems or psychology. Conclusion: Females with greater VASC may be at risk of LDH. The lumbar extensor muscles indicated a localized disc herniation or nerve root pathology in patients with LDH. The fear of movement may lead to psychological consequences and reduce functional disability among patients with LDH.展开更多
化疗相关性恶心呕吐(chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting,CINV)是恶性肿瘤患者治疗过程中常见的并发症之一,其发生率约为60%~80%,若未及时干预,CINV可能引发脱水、电解质失衡等继发性并发症。刘振昌,主任医师,安徽省基层名中医,...化疗相关性恶心呕吐(chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting,CINV)是恶性肿瘤患者治疗过程中常见的并发症之一,其发生率约为60%~80%,若未及时干预,CINV可能引发脱水、电解质失衡等继发性并发症。刘振昌,主任医师,安徽省基层名中医,颍淮名中医,现为安徽中医药大学附属太和中医院肿瘤学科带头人,安徽省中医肿瘤专业委员会副主任委员。从事恶性实体肿瘤的内科治疗三十余年,积累了丰富的临床经验。刘主任认为,CINV的发生与脏腑气机升降失调联系密切,脾胃受损、肝肺失调、心肾受损是CINV的主要病机特点,提出以调理脾胃,枢调升降为治法,常选用橘皮竹茹汤、香砂六君子汤、旋覆代赭汤、理中汤、益胃汤、柴胡桂枝干姜汤、乌梅丸等方剂治疗;以疏肝肃肺,燮理升降为治法,常选用柴胡疏肝散、逍遥散、四七汤合左金丸等方剂治疗;以心肾同治,交济升降为治法,心肾不交常选用六味地黄丸合交泰丸,心肾阳虚选用四逆汤合吴茱萸汤加减,在临床治疗CINV时能有较为不错的疗效。文章通过整理刘振昌主任治疗化疗相关性恶心呕吐经验进行总结,并附临床案例一则,以供同道参考。展开更多
目的探讨伴童年创伤的青少年抑郁症患者运用眼动脱敏与再加工(eye movement desensitization and reprocessing,EMDR)联合舍曲林治疗前后和单纯舍曲林治疗前后脑功能网络的变化,并评估联合治疗的优势。材料与方法前瞻性纳入67例伴童年...目的探讨伴童年创伤的青少年抑郁症患者运用眼动脱敏与再加工(eye movement desensitization and reprocessing,EMDR)联合舍曲林治疗前后和单纯舍曲林治疗前后脑功能网络的变化,并评估联合治疗的优势。材料与方法前瞻性纳入67例伴童年创伤的青少年抑郁症患者,收集一般资料和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Rating Scale,HAMD)评分,其中EMDR联合舍曲林治疗组33例,单纯舍曲林治疗组34例,治疗周期为8周。治疗前后均行静息态和结构像数据采集,用去除小脑的Dosenbach图谱提取142个感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI)内的平均血氧水平依赖(blood oxygen level dependent,BOLD)信号并构建基于边的功能连接矩阵。行配对样本t检验比较治疗前后的功能连接矩阵的组间差异。将差异边归类于Yeo7网络模型中得到大尺度脑网络功能连接矩阵,并计算7个网络内和网络间的差异边的数量。结果与基线相比联合治疗组和舍曲林治疗组的HAMD评分降低(t=16.11、13.20,P<0.001),且都存在广泛脑功能连接改变。联合治疗组差异包括49个ROI和39条连接(均P<0.05),功能连接减少的主要是默认模式网络(default mode network,DMN)内部和腹侧注意网络(ventral attention network,VAN)内部的网络,增加的主要是DMN与额顶网络(frontoparietal network,FPN)之间的网络和与背侧注意网络(dorsal attention network,DAN)中ROI相连的网络;舍曲林治疗组差异包括32个ROI和19条连接(均P<0.05),功能连接减少的主要是DMN内部的网络,增加的主要是与DAN中ROI相连的网络。结论联合治疗和单纯舍曲林治疗都有较好的抗抑郁效果。相较于单纯舍曲林治疗,联合治疗中,DMN与FPN的功能连接增强提示其协调性提升。联合治疗的效果更广泛。展开更多
Rebuilding the damaged motor function caused by spinal cord injury is one of the most serious challenges in clinical neuroscience.The function of the neural pathway under the damaged sites can be rebuilt using functio...Rebuilding the damaged motor function caused by spinal cord injury is one of the most serious challenges in clinical neuroscience.The function of the neural pathway under the damaged sites can be rebuilt using functional electrical stimulation technology.In this study,the locations of motor function sites in the lumbosacral spinal cord were determined with functional electrical stimulation technology.A three-dimensional map of the lumbosacral spinal cord comprising the relationship between the motor function sites and the corresponding muscle was drawn.Based on the individual experimental parameters and normalized coordinates of the motor function sites,the motor function sites that control a certain muscle were calculated.Phasing pulse sequences were delivered to the determined motor function sites in the spinal cord and hip extension,hip flexion,ankle plantarflexion,and ankle dorsiflexion movements were successfully achieved.The results show that the map of the spinal cord motor function sites was valid.This map can provide guidance for the selection of electrical stimulation sites during the rebuilding of motor function after spinal cord injury.展开更多
Clinical movement screening tests are gaining popularity as a means to determine injury risk and to implement training programs to prevent sport injury. While these screens are being used readily in the clinical field...Clinical movement screening tests are gaining popularity as a means to determine injury risk and to implement training programs to prevent sport injury. While these screens are being used readily in the clinical field, it is only recently that some of these have started to gain attention from a research perspective. This limits applicability and poses questions to the validity, and in some cases the reliability, of the clinical movement tests as they relate to injury prediction, intervention, and prevention. This editorial will review the following clinical movement screening tests: Functional Movement Screen?, Star Excursion Balance Test, Y Balance Test, Drop Jump Screening Test, Landing Error Scoring System, and the Tuck Jump Analysis in regards to test administration, reliability, validity, factors that affect test performance, intervention programs, and usefulness for injury prediction. It is important to review the aforementioned factors for each of these clinical screening tests as this may help clinicians interpret the current body of literature. While each of these screening tests were developed by clinicians based on what appears to be clinical practice, this paper brings to light that this is a need for collaboration between clinicians and researchers to ensure validity of clinically meaningful tests so that they are used appropriately in future clinical practice. Further, this editorial may help to identify where the research is lacking and, thus, drive future research questions in regards to applicability and appropriateness of clinical movement screening tools.展开更多
A kind of mother wavelet with good properties is constructed for any N greater than or equal to 2, which is differentiable for N times, converges to Zero at the order of O( I t I-N)( t --> infinity) and has N - 2 o...A kind of mother wavelet with good properties is constructed for any N greater than or equal to 2, which is differentiable for N times, converges to Zero at the order of O( I t I-N)( t --> infinity) and has N - 2 order of vanishing movement and some property of symmetry meanwhile. A computation example for N = 4 is also given.展开更多
This study examines the difference of the center of gravity (CG) velocity during sit-to-stand (STS) movement between the elderly with and without fall experience. Fifteen elderly without fall experience (age: 75.7 ...This study examines the difference of the center of gravity (CG) velocity during sit-to-stand (STS) movement between the elderly with and without fall experience. Fifteen elderly without fall experience (age: 75.7 ± 4.8 yr), with one fall experience (age: 75.7 ± 5.0 yr), and two or more fall experiences (age: 75.7 ± 4.8 yr) participated in the measurement of 10m maximal walking speed, functional reach, one-legged standing duration with vision, maximal isometric knee extension, hip flexion, ankle extension and toe flexion muscle strengths, fall risk assessment and ADL questionnaire, and CG velocity during STS movement. No significant differences were found in muscle strength, walking and balance tests (F 0.078). The group with two or more fall experiences was significantly higher than the other groups in the fall risk assessment, and lower than the group without fall experience in ADL (F = 8.5 and 6.1, p = 0.001 and 0.005). Meanwhile, significant differences were found in the maximal and mean CG velocity during STS movement among all groups. The group without fall experience was the greatest, and the group with fall experience was less than half (F = 9.0 and 11.1, p = 0.001展开更多
OBJECTIVE： The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of constraint-induced movement therapy in acute and sub-acute stroke. DATA SOURCES： The key words were stroke, cerebrovascular accident,...OBJECTIVE： The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of constraint-induced movement therapy in acute and sub-acute stroke. DATA SOURCES： The key words were stroke, cerebrovascular accident, constraint-induced therapy, forced use, and randomized controlled trial. The databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, Weipu Information Resources System, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Med- line, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, were searched for studies on randomized controlled trials for treating acute or sub-acute stroke published before March 2016. DATA SELECTION： We retrieved relevant randomized controlled trials that compared constraint-induced movement therapy in treatment of acute or sub-acute stroke with traditional rehabilitation therapy （tradi- tional occupational therapy）. Patients were older than 18 years, had disease courses less than 6 months, and were evaluated with at least one upper extremity function scale. Study quality was evaluated, and data that met the criteria were extracted. Stata 11.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES： Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the arm, the action research-arm test, a motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement, the Wolf motor function test, and a modified Bar- thel index. RESULTS： A total of 16 prospective randomized controlled trials （379 patients in the constraint-induced movement-therapy group and 359 in the control group） met inclusion criteria. Analysis showed significant mean differences in favor of constraint-induced movement therapy for the Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the arm （weighted mean difference （WMD） = 10.822; 95% confidence intervals （95% CI）： 7.419-14.226）, the action research-arm test （WMD = 10.718; 95% CI： 5.704-15.733）, the motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement （WMD = 0.812; 95% CI： 0.331-1.293） and the modified Barthel index （WMD = 10.706; 95% CI： 4.417-16.966）. CONCLUSION： Constraint-induced movement therapy may be more beneficial than traditional rehabili- tation therapy for improving upper limb function after acute or sub-acute stroke.展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants fromthe Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,under Grant No.F2021202021the S&T Program of Hebei,under Grant No.22375001Dthe National Key R&D Program of China,under Grant No.2019YFB1312500.
文摘Human pose estimation is a basic and critical task in the field of computer vision that involves determining the position(or spatial coordinates)of the joints of the human body in a given image or video.It is widely used in motion analysis,medical evaluation,and behavior monitoring.In this paper,the authors propose a method for multi-view human pose estimation.Two image sensors were placed orthogonally with respect to each other to capture the pose of the subject as they moved,and this yielded accurate and comprehensive results of three-dimensional(3D)motion reconstruction that helped capture their multi-directional poses.Following this,we propose a method based on 3D pose estimation to assess the similarity of the features of motion of patients with motor dysfunction by comparing differences between their range of motion and that of normal subjects.We converted these differences into Fugl–Meyer assessment(FMA)scores in order to quantify them.Finally,we implemented the proposed method in the Unity framework,and built a Virtual Reality platform that provides users with human–computer interaction to make the task more enjoyable for them and ensure their active participation in the assessment process.The goal is to provide a suitable means of assessing movement disorders without requiring the immediate supervision of a physician.
文摘Stroke patients with hemiplegia exhibit flexor spasms in the upper limb and extensor spasms in the lower limb, and their movement patterns vary greatly. Constraint-induced movement therapy is an upper limb rehabilitation technique used in stroke patients with hemiplegia; however, studies of lower extremity rehabilitation are scarce. In this study, stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia underwent conventional Bobath therapy for 4 weeks as baseline treatment, followed by constraint-induced movement therapy for an additional 4 weeks. The 10-m maximum walking speed and Berg balance scale scores significantly improved following treatment, and lower extremity motor function also improved. The results of functional MRI showed that constraint-induced movement therapy alleviates the reduction in cerebral functional activation in patients, which indicates activation of functional brain regions and a significant increase in cerebral blood perfusJon. These results demonstrate that constraint-induced movement therapy promotes brain functional reorganization in stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31301641 to J.Z.)the Program for Qualified Personnel of Taiwan Strait West Coast (No. K8812007 to L.H.X.)
文摘Banana bunchy top virus(BBTV)poses a serious danger to banana crops worldwide.BBTV-encoded protein B4 is a determinant of pathogenicity.However,the relevant molecular mechanisms underlying its effects remain unknown.In this study,we found that a functional peptide could be liberated from protein B4,likely via proteolytic processing.Site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the functional processing of protein B4 is required for its pathogenic effects,including dwarfism and sterility,in plants.The released protein fragment targets host proteins,such as the large subunit of RuBisCO(RbcL)and elongation factor 2(EF2),involved in protein synthesis.Therefore,the peptide released from B4(also a precursor)may act as a non-canonical modifier to influence host-pathogen interactions involving BBTV and plants.
文摘Aim The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of the two clutches on recording the condylar movement. Methodology Ten subjects （6 women,4 men; mean age 25.4 years） participated in the study. The mandibular move-ment,sagittal condylar inclination angle,and transversal condylar inclination angle of each subject were recorded with the CADIAX？ using the two clutches,respectively. The characteristics of the tracings of the protrusion,opening,and mediotrusion were analyzed with the t-test statistics at α = 0.05 level. The Kappa values were calculated for an assessment of the congruence of the tracings. Results The results showed that the contour,direction,and dimension of the tracings in the two clutches were approxi-mately same,but the tracings determined by the functional occlusal clutch were more regular and congruent. In the group segment recorded with the tray clutch,opening/ closing paths of one subject showed crossed and time curves of three subjects appeared peak-like changes of velocity,but none were statistically different （P0.05）. Conclusion The research suggests that the functional occlusal clutch should be preferred in the evaluation of the mandibular function,as the tracings with the tray clutch are more likely to produce false positive results.
文摘The realization of protein functional movement is usually accompanied by specific conformational changes,and there exist some key residues that mediate and control the functional motions of proteins in the allosteric process.In the present work,the perturbation-response scanning method developed by our group was combined with the molecular dynamics(MD)simulation to identify the key residues controlling the functional movement of proteins.In our method,a physical quantity that is directly related to protein specific function was introduced,and then based on the MD simulation trajectories,the perturbation-response scanning method was used to identify the key residues for functional motions,in which the residues that highly correlated with the fluctuation of the function-related quantity were identified as the key residues controlling the specific functional motions of the protein.Two protein systems,i.e.,the heat shock protein 70 and glutamine binding protein,were selected as case studies to validate the effectiveness of our method.Our calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.The location of the key residues in the two proteins are similar,indicating the similar mechanisms behind the performance of their biological functions.
基金funded by Capital Medical Development Foundation, No. 2009-2098
文摘In this study, stroke patients received constraint-induced movement therapy for 3 weeks. Before and after constraint-induced movement therapy, the flexibility of their upper limbs on the affected side was assessed using the Wolf motor function test, and daily use of their affected limbs was assessed using the movement activities log, and cerebral functional reorganization was assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The Wolf motor function test score and the movement activities log quantity and quality scores were significantly increased, while action performance time in the Wolf motor function test was significantly decreased after constraint-induced movement therapy. By functional magnetic resonance imaging examination, only scattered activation points were visible on the affected side before therapy. In contrast, the volume of the activated area was increased after therapy. The activation volume in the sensorimotor area was significantly different before and after therapy, and the activation area increased and appeared adjusted. In addition to the activated area around the lesions being decreased, there were also some new activated areas, including the supplementary movement area, premotor area and the ipsilateral sensorimotor area. Our findings indicate that constraint-induced movement therapy significantly improves the movement ability and daily use of the affected upper limbs in stroke patients and promotes cerebral functional reorganization.
文摘BACKGROUND Dystonic gait(DG) is one of clinical symptoms associated with functional dystonia in the functional movement disorders(FMDs). Dystonia is often initiated or worsened by voluntary action and associated with overflow muscle activation. There is no report for DG in FMDs caused by an abnormal pattern in the ankle muscle recruitment strategy during gait.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient presented with persistent limping gait. When we requested him to do dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of his ankle in the standing and seating positions, we didn’t see any abnormality. However, we could see the DG during the gait. There were no evidences of common peroneal neuropathy and L5 radiculopathy in the electrodiagnostic study. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine, lower leg, and brain had no definite finding. No specific finding was seen in the neurologic examination. For further evaluation, a wireless surface electromyography(EMG) was performed. During the gait, EMG amplitude of left medial and lateral gastrocnemius(GCM) muscles was larger than right medial and lateral GCM muscles. When we analyzed EMG signals for each muscle, there were EMG bursts of double-contraction in the left medial and lateral GCM muscles, while EMG analysis of right medial and lateral GCM muscles noted regular bursts of single contraction. We could find a cause of DG in FMDs.CONCLUSION We report an importance of a wireless surface EMG, in which other examination didn’t reveal the cause of DG in FMDs.
文摘Introduction: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) refers to the rupture of the fibrous annulus of the intervertebral discs. Lumbar curvature may lead to the occurrence of lumbar disc degeneration. Fear of movement may worsen their disc herniation and cause further pain and injury. LDH conditions impact the individuals’ quality of life, to explore the relationship between lumbar curve, muscle strength, fear of movement and functional disability among patients with LDH. Methods: An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Springerlink, Google Scholar and a hand search from reference lists was reviewed. Publications were included in human studies, patients 25 - 85 years of age, original studies and published in English language journals from January 2002 to December 2023. Result: In total, 64 articles were researched through the online search engines, and 9 papers were found through manual searches of reference lists. As a result, a total of 11 articles were included for the purpose of this review. The comprehensive analysis revealed the presence of eight cross-sectional studies, two retrospective studies and one experimental study. A minimum of 25 participants and a maximum of 360 participants were included. Ten studies included both genders, only one studies included healthy adults and patients with LDH but these studies didn’t mention gender. Results showed that the factors influencing LDH can be categorized into non-modifiable factors, such as gender, age, height or others. Modifiable factors included increased BMI, DM, smoking, alcohol, employment status, lifestyle and health problems or psychology. Conclusion: Females with greater VASC may be at risk of LDH. The lumbar extensor muscles indicated a localized disc herniation or nerve root pathology in patients with LDH. The fear of movement may lead to psychological consequences and reduce functional disability among patients with LDH.
文摘化疗相关性恶心呕吐(chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting,CINV)是恶性肿瘤患者治疗过程中常见的并发症之一,其发生率约为60%~80%,若未及时干预,CINV可能引发脱水、电解质失衡等继发性并发症。刘振昌,主任医师,安徽省基层名中医,颍淮名中医,现为安徽中医药大学附属太和中医院肿瘤学科带头人,安徽省中医肿瘤专业委员会副主任委员。从事恶性实体肿瘤的内科治疗三十余年,积累了丰富的临床经验。刘主任认为,CINV的发生与脏腑气机升降失调联系密切,脾胃受损、肝肺失调、心肾受损是CINV的主要病机特点,提出以调理脾胃,枢调升降为治法,常选用橘皮竹茹汤、香砂六君子汤、旋覆代赭汤、理中汤、益胃汤、柴胡桂枝干姜汤、乌梅丸等方剂治疗;以疏肝肃肺,燮理升降为治法,常选用柴胡疏肝散、逍遥散、四七汤合左金丸等方剂治疗;以心肾同治,交济升降为治法,心肾不交常选用六味地黄丸合交泰丸,心肾阳虚选用四逆汤合吴茱萸汤加减,在临床治疗CINV时能有较为不错的疗效。文章通过整理刘振昌主任治疗化疗相关性恶心呕吐经验进行总结,并附临床案例一则,以供同道参考。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81371663,61534003the Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China,No.PPZY2015B135
文摘Rebuilding the damaged motor function caused by spinal cord injury is one of the most serious challenges in clinical neuroscience.The function of the neural pathway under the damaged sites can be rebuilt using functional electrical stimulation technology.In this study,the locations of motor function sites in the lumbosacral spinal cord were determined with functional electrical stimulation technology.A three-dimensional map of the lumbosacral spinal cord comprising the relationship between the motor function sites and the corresponding muscle was drawn.Based on the individual experimental parameters and normalized coordinates of the motor function sites,the motor function sites that control a certain muscle were calculated.Phasing pulse sequences were delivered to the determined motor function sites in the spinal cord and hip extension,hip flexion,ankle plantarflexion,and ankle dorsiflexion movements were successfully achieved.The results show that the map of the spinal cord motor function sites was valid.This map can provide guidance for the selection of electrical stimulation sites during the rebuilding of motor function after spinal cord injury.
文摘Clinical movement screening tests are gaining popularity as a means to determine injury risk and to implement training programs to prevent sport injury. While these screens are being used readily in the clinical field, it is only recently that some of these have started to gain attention from a research perspective. This limits applicability and poses questions to the validity, and in some cases the reliability, of the clinical movement tests as they relate to injury prediction, intervention, and prevention. This editorial will review the following clinical movement screening tests: Functional Movement Screen?, Star Excursion Balance Test, Y Balance Test, Drop Jump Screening Test, Landing Error Scoring System, and the Tuck Jump Analysis in regards to test administration, reliability, validity, factors that affect test performance, intervention programs, and usefulness for injury prediction. It is important to review the aforementioned factors for each of these clinical screening tests as this may help clinicians interpret the current body of literature. While each of these screening tests were developed by clinicians based on what appears to be clinical practice, this paper brings to light that this is a need for collaboration between clinicians and researchers to ensure validity of clinically meaningful tests so that they are used appropriately in future clinical practice. Further, this editorial may help to identify where the research is lacking and, thus, drive future research questions in regards to applicability and appropriateness of clinical movement screening tools.
文摘A kind of mother wavelet with good properties is constructed for any N greater than or equal to 2, which is differentiable for N times, converges to Zero at the order of O( I t I-N)( t --> infinity) and has N - 2 order of vanishing movement and some property of symmetry meanwhile. A computation example for N = 4 is also given.
文摘This study examines the difference of the center of gravity (CG) velocity during sit-to-stand (STS) movement between the elderly with and without fall experience. Fifteen elderly without fall experience (age: 75.7 ± 4.8 yr), with one fall experience (age: 75.7 ± 5.0 yr), and two or more fall experiences (age: 75.7 ± 4.8 yr) participated in the measurement of 10m maximal walking speed, functional reach, one-legged standing duration with vision, maximal isometric knee extension, hip flexion, ankle extension and toe flexion muscle strengths, fall risk assessment and ADL questionnaire, and CG velocity during STS movement. No significant differences were found in muscle strength, walking and balance tests (F 0.078). The group with two or more fall experiences was significantly higher than the other groups in the fall risk assessment, and lower than the group without fall experience in ADL (F = 8.5 and 6.1, p = 0.001 and 0.005). Meanwhile, significant differences were found in the maximal and mean CG velocity during STS movement among all groups. The group without fall experience was the greatest, and the group with fall experience was less than half (F = 9.0 and 11.1, p = 0.001
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.2014ZRB14502
文摘OBJECTIVE： The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of constraint-induced movement therapy in acute and sub-acute stroke. DATA SOURCES： The key words were stroke, cerebrovascular accident, constraint-induced therapy, forced use, and randomized controlled trial. The databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, Weipu Information Resources System, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Med- line, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, were searched for studies on randomized controlled trials for treating acute or sub-acute stroke published before March 2016. DATA SELECTION： We retrieved relevant randomized controlled trials that compared constraint-induced movement therapy in treatment of acute or sub-acute stroke with traditional rehabilitation therapy （tradi- tional occupational therapy）. Patients were older than 18 years, had disease courses less than 6 months, and were evaluated with at least one upper extremity function scale. Study quality was evaluated, and data that met the criteria were extracted. Stata 11.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES： Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the arm, the action research-arm test, a motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement, the Wolf motor function test, and a modified Bar- thel index. RESULTS： A total of 16 prospective randomized controlled trials （379 patients in the constraint-induced movement-therapy group and 359 in the control group） met inclusion criteria. Analysis showed significant mean differences in favor of constraint-induced movement therapy for the Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the arm （weighted mean difference （WMD） = 10.822; 95% confidence intervals （95% CI）： 7.419-14.226）, the action research-arm test （WMD = 10.718; 95% CI： 5.704-15.733）, the motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement （WMD = 0.812; 95% CI： 0.331-1.293） and the modified Barthel index （WMD = 10.706; 95% CI： 4.417-16.966）. CONCLUSION： Constraint-induced movement therapy may be more beneficial than traditional rehabili- tation therapy for improving upper limb function after acute or sub-acute stroke.
