The Chang 7 sandstone is characterized by complex micro-pore structures,strong heterogeneity,and differential fluid distribution.These characteristics result in low oil recovery.In this paper,various techniques,includ...The Chang 7 sandstone is characterized by complex micro-pore structures,strong heterogeneity,and differential fluid distribution.These characteristics result in low oil recovery.In this paper,various techniques,including high-pressure mercury intrusion,nuclear magnetic resonance,scanning electron microscope,thin section,and X-ray diffraction,are employed to quantitatively evaluate the occurrence characteristics and influencing factors of movable fluids in Chang 7 sandstone reservoirs from the Heshui Block with different fractal structures.Results show that the dominant sandstone type is feldspar lithic fragment sandstone.Chang 7 reservoir has been divided into three types(typesⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢ)based on capillary pressure curves and pore structure parameters.These reservoirs are characterized by various fractal structures and different movable fluids distribution.Multiple possible factors affecting the movable fluid distribution are analyzed,including physical properties,pore structure,pore size distribution,mineral content,and heterogeneity.Movable fluid saturation is positively correlated with physical properties,weighted average pore-throat radius,median pore-throat radius,final residual mercury saturation,and maximum mercury withdrawal saturation.In contrast,it is negatively correlated with displacement pressure and has no obvious correlation with the sorting coefficient.Micron-and submicron-scale pores are beneficial to the movable fluid occurrence,while nano-scale pores are vice versa.The influence of mineral content on movable fluid occurrence varies with mineral types.Quartz is conducive to the movable fluid occurrence in submicron-scale pores,while carbonate cementation inhibits the movable fluid occurrence in submicron-scale pores.The inhibition of clay on the movable fluid occurrence is mainly reflected in submicron-and nano-scale pores and varies with clay mineral types.The influence of heterogeneity on the movable fluid occurrence is mainly reflected in submicron-scale pores.The occurrence models of movable fluid vary with reservoir types.展开更多
The traditional topology optimization method of continuum structure generally uses quadrilateral elements as the basic mesh.This approach often leads to jagged boundary issues,which are traditionally addressed through...The traditional topology optimization method of continuum structure generally uses quadrilateral elements as the basic mesh.This approach often leads to jagged boundary issues,which are traditionally addressed through post-processing,potentially altering the mechanical properties of the optimized structure.A topology optimization method of Movable Morphable Smooth Boundary(MMSB)is proposed based on the idea of mesh adaptation to solve the problem of jagged boundaries and the influence of post-processing.Based on the ICM method,the rational fraction function is introduced as the filtering function,and a topology optimization model with the minimum weight as the objective and the displacement as the constraint is established.A triangular mesh is utilized as the base mesh in this method.The mesh is re-divided in the optimization process based on the contour line,and a smooth boundary parallel to the contour line is obtained.Numerical examples demonstrate that the MMSB method effectively resolves the jagged boundary issues,leading to enhanced structural performance.展开更多
In the present paper,we obtain the converse results of approximation of a newly introduced genuine Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators in movable interval.We also get the moments properties of an auxiliary operator which ha...In the present paper,we obtain the converse results of approximation of a newly introduced genuine Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators in movable interval.We also get the moments properties of an auxiliary operator which has its own independent values.The moments of the auxiliary operators play important roles in establishing the main result(Theorem 4).展开更多
The Green's function is used to solve the scattering far fieldsolution of SH-wave by a mov- able rigid cylindrical interfaceinclusion in a linear elastic body. First, a suitable Green'sfunction is devel- oped,...The Green's function is used to solve the scattering far fieldsolution of SH-wave by a mov- able rigid cylindrical interfaceinclusion in a linear elastic body. First, a suitable Green'sfunction is devel- oped, which is the fundamental displacementsolution of an elastic half space with a movable rigid half-cylin-drical inclusion impacted by out-of-plane harmonic line source loadedat any point of its horizontal surface.展开更多
The geological characteristics and production practices of the major middle-and high-maturity shale oil exploration areas in China are analyzed.Combined with laboratory results,it is clear that three essential conditi...The geological characteristics and production practices of the major middle-and high-maturity shale oil exploration areas in China are analyzed.Combined with laboratory results,it is clear that three essential conditions,i.e.economic initial production,commercial cumulative oil production of single well,and large-scale recoverable reserves confirmed by the testing production,determine whether the continental shale oil can be put into large-scale commercial development.The quantity and quality of movable hydrocarbons are confirmed to be crucial to economic development of shale oil,and focuses in evaluation of shale oil enrichment area/interval.The evaluation indexes of movable hydrocarbon enrichment include:(1)the material basis for forming retained hydrocarbon,including TOC>2%(preferentially 3%-4%),and typeⅠ-Ⅱkerogens;(2)the mobility of retained hydrocarbon,which is closely related to the hydrocarbon composition and flow behaviors of light/heavy components,and can be evaluated from the perspectives of thermal maturity(Ro),gas-oil ratio(GOR),crude oil density,quality of hydrocarbon components,preservation conditions;and(3)the reservoir characteristics associated with the engineering reconstruction,including the main pore throat distribution zone,reservoir physical properties(including fractures),lamellation feature and diagenetic stage,etc.Accordingly,13 evaluation indexes in three categories and their reference values are established.The evaluation indicates that the light shale oil zones in the Gulong Sag of Songliao Basin have the most favorable enrichment conditions of movable hydrocarbons,followed by light oil and black oil zones,containing 20.8×10^(8) t light oil resources in reservoirs with R_(0)>1.2%,pressure coefficient greater than 1.4,effective porosity greater than 6%,crude oil density less than 0.82 g/cm^(3),and GOR>100 m/m^(3).The shale oil in the Gulong Sag can be explored and developed separately by the categories(resource sweet spot,engineering sweet spot,and tight oil sweet spot)depending on shale oil flowability.The Gulong Sag is the most promising area to achieve large-scale breakthrough and production of continental shale oil in China.展开更多
The current research of nuclear control rod drive mechanism(CRDM)movable latch only makes a simple measurement of wear mass.The wear volume and difference in various claw surfaces are ignored and the degradation mecha...The current research of nuclear control rod drive mechanism(CRDM)movable latch only makes a simple measurement of wear mass.The wear volume and difference in various claw surfaces are ignored and the degradation mechanism of each claw surface is not clear.In this paper,a detailed degradation analysis was carried out on each claw surface of movable latch combined with wear result and worn morphology.Results indicate that the boundary of carbide is preferred for corrosion because carbide presents a nobler Volta potential compared to the metal matrix or boundary region.Due to the oscillation of drive shaft between the claw surfaces of movable latch,the dominant wear mechanism on the upper surface of claw(USC)and lower surface of claw(LSC)is plastic deformation caused by impact wear.Mechanical impact wear will cause the fragmentation of carbides because of the high hardness and low ductility of carbides.Corrosion promotes the broken carbides to fall off from the metal matrix.The generated fine carbides(abrasive particles)cause extra abrasive wear on USC when the movable brings the drive shaft upward or downward.As a result,USC has a higher wear volume than LSC.This research proposes a method to evaluate the wear on the whole movable latches using a 3D full-size scanner.展开更多
DNA molecules are green materials with great potential for high-density and long-term data storage.However,the current data-writing process of DNA data storage via DNA synthesis suffers from high costs and the product...DNA molecules are green materials with great potential for high-density and long-term data storage.However,the current data-writing process of DNA data storage via DNA synthesis suffers from high costs and the production of hazards,limiting its practical applications.Here,we developed a DNA movable-type storage system that can utilize DNA fragments pre-produced by cell factories for data writing.In this system,these pre-generated DNA fragments,referred to herein as“DNA movable types,”are used as basic writing units in a repetitive way.The process of data writing is achieved by the rapid assembly of these DNA movable types,thereby avoiding the costly and environmentally hazardous process of de novo DNA synthesis.With this system,we successfully encoded 24 bytes of digital information in DNA and read it back accurately by means of high-throughput sequencing and decoding,thereby demonstrating the feasibility of this system.Through its repetitive usage and biological assembly of DNA movable-type fragments,this system exhibits excellent potential for writing cost reduction,opening up a novel route toward an economical and sustainable digital data-storage technology.展开更多
This article introduces a cable-driven lower limb rehabilitation robot with movable distal anchor points(M-CDLR).The traditional cable-driven parallel robots(CDPRs)control the moving platform by changing the length of...This article introduces a cable-driven lower limb rehabilitation robot with movable distal anchor points(M-CDLR).The traditional cable-driven parallel robots(CDPRs)control the moving platform by changing the length of cables,M-CDLR can also adjust the position of the distal anchor point when the moving platform moves.The M-CDLR this article proposed has gait and single-leg training modes,which correspond to the plane and space motion of the moving platform,respectively.After introducing the system structure configuration,the generalized kinematics and dynamics of M-CDLR are established.The fully constrained CDPRs can provide more stable rehabilitation training than the under-constrained one but requires more cables.Therefore,a motion planning method for the movable distal anchor point of M-CDLR is proposed to realize the theoretically fully constrained with fewer cables.Then the expected trajectory of the moving platform is obtained from the motion capture experiment,and the motion planning of M-CDLR under two training modes is simulated.The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed motion planning method.This study serves as a basic theoretical study of the structure optimization and control strategy of M-CDLR.展开更多
A vertically movable gate field effect transistor(VMGFET) is proposed and demonstrated for a microaccelerometer application. The VMGFET using air gap as an insulator layer allows the gate to move on the substrate vert...A vertically movable gate field effect transistor(VMGFET) is proposed and demonstrated for a microaccelerometer application. The VMGFET using air gap as an insulator layer allows the gate to move on the substrate vertically by external forces. Finite element analysis is used to simulate mechanical behaviors of the designed structure. For the simulation, the ground acceleration spectrum of the 1952 Kern County Earthquake is employed to investigate the structural integrity of the sensor in vibration. Based on the simulation, a prototype VMGFET accelerometer is fabricated from silicon on insulator wafer. According to current–voltage characteristics of the prototype VMGFET, the threshold voltage is measured to be 2.32 V, which determines the effective charge density and the mutual transconductance of1.545910-8C cm-2and 6.59 m A V-1, respectively. The device sensitivity is 9.36–9.42 m V g-1in the low frequency,and the first natural frequency is found to be 1230 Hz. The profile smoothness of the sensed signal is in 3 d B range up to1 k Hz.展开更多
Scattering and dynamic stress concentrations of time harmonic SH-wave in an infinite elastic piezoelectric medium with a movable rigid cylindrical inclusion are studied in this paper with the help of complex variable ...Scattering and dynamic stress concentrations of time harmonic SH-wave in an infinite elastic piezoelectric medium with a movable rigid cylindrical inclusion are studied in this paper with the help of complex variable and wave function expansion method. The relations that a movable rigid cylindrical inclusion depends on intensity of incident wave and electric field are revealed. The expressions of dynamic stress at the edge of the inclusion are obtained. Numerical calculations are made with different wave numbers and different piezoelectric characteristic parameters. The calculating results show that dynamic stress concentrations at the edge of the inclusion have linear dependence on the incident electric field. And dynamic analyses are very important for an infinite piezoelectric medium with a movable rigid cylindrical inclusion at larger piezoelectric characteristic parameters.展开更多
Hollow poly（divinylbenzene-co-methacrylic acid） （P（DVB-co-MAA）） microspheres were prepared by the selective dissolution of the non-crosslinked poly（methacrylic acid） （PMAA） mid-layer in ethanol from the corr...Hollow poly（divinylbenzene-co-methacrylic acid） （P（DVB-co-MAA）） microspheres were prepared by the selective dissolution of the non-crosslinked poly（methacrylic acid） （PMAA） mid-layer in ethanol from the corresponding silica/PMAA/P（DVB-co-MAA） tri-layer hybrid microspheres, which were afforded by a three-stage reaction. Silica/PMAA core-shell hybrid microspheres were prepared by the second-stage distillation polymerization of methacrylic acid （MAA） via the capture of the oligomers and monomers with the aid of the vinyl groups on the surface of 3-（methacryloxy）propyl trimethoxysilane （MPS）-modified silica core, which was prepared by the Stober hydrolysis as the first stage reaction. The tri-layer hybrid microspheres were synthesized by the third-stage distillation precipitation copolymerization of functional MAA monomer and divinylbenzene （DVB） crosslinker in presence of silica/PMAA particles as seeds, in which the efficient hydrogen-bonding interaction between the carboxylic acid groups played as a driving force for the construction of monodisperse hybrid microspheres with tri-layer structure. The morphology and the structure of silica core, silica/PMAA core-shell particles, the tri-layer hybrid microspheres and the corresponding hollow polymer microspheres with movable silica cores were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）.展开更多
Failure of one or multiple critical nodes may partition wireless sensor networks into disjoint segments, and thus brings negative effect on the applications. We propose DCRS, a Distributed Connectivity Restoration Str...Failure of one or multiple critical nodes may partition wireless sensor networks into disjoint segments, and thus brings negative effect on the applications. We propose DCRS, a Distributed Connectivity Restoration Strategy to tolerate the failure of one critical node. Because of the energy restriction of sensor nodes, the energy overhead of the recovery process should be minimized to extend the lifetime of the network. To achieve it, we first design a novel algorithm to identify 2-critical nodes only relying on the positional information of 1-hop neighbors and some 2-hop neighbors, and then we present the criteria to select an appropriate backup for each critical node. Finally, we improve the cascaded node movement algorithm by determining whether a node can move to another non-adjacent node directly or not to reduce the number of nodes moved. The effectiveness of DCRS is validated through extensive simulation experiments.展开更多
We are responsible for providing energy and food resources for our next generation.After more than 20 years of research,the author has confirmed that the VAWT with flip-up mechanism can maintain rotation without the b...We are responsible for providing energy and food resources for our next generation.After more than 20 years of research,the author has confirmed that the VAWT with flip-up mechanism can maintain rotation without the brake,even in strong winds.Experiments have shown that the triangularly coupled movable parallelogram buoyancy structure makes it easy to maintain the verticality of the wind turbine tower even under large waves.Furthermore,as a result of studying the connection between the HAWT(horizontal axis wind turbine)and the movable parallelogram buoyancy structure of the triangular connection,the feasibility was confirmed.The only way for all people in the world to secure energy and food fairly is to look for the remaining areas such as the high seas.The author would like to propose the use of the high seas to combat global hunger,which is likely to be a global problem in the future.展开更多
Two classes of composite materials are considered: classical metaleceramic composites with reinforcing hard inclusions as well as hard ceramics matrix with soft gel inclusions. Movable cellular automaton method is use...Two classes of composite materials are considered: classical metaleceramic composites with reinforcing hard inclusions as well as hard ceramics matrix with soft gel inclusions. Movable cellular automaton method is used for modeling the mechanical behaviors of such different heterogeneous materials. The method is based on particle approach and may be considered as a kind of discrete element method. The main feature of the method is the use of many-body forces of inter-element interaction within the formalism of simply deformable element approximation. It was shown that the strength of reinforcing particles and the width of particle-binder interphase boundaries had determining influence on the service characteristics of metaleceramic composite. In particular, the increasing of strength of carbide inclusions may lead to significant increase in the strength and ultimate strain of composite material. On the example of porous zirconia ceramics it was shown that the change in the mechanical properties of pore surface leads to the corresponding change in effective elastic modulus and strength limit of the ceramic sample. The less is the pore size, the more is this effect. The increase in the elastic properties of pore surface of ceramics may reduce its fracture energy.展开更多
We have investigated the electron scattering from the freely movable spin-1/2 particle in the presence of a linearly polarized laser field in the first Born approximation.The laser-dressed state of electrons is descri...We have investigated the electron scattering from the freely movable spin-1/2 particle in the presence of a linearly polarized laser field in the first Born approximation.The laser-dressed state of electrons is described by a time-dependent wave function which is derived from a perturbation treatment.With the aids of numerical simulations, we explore the dependencies of the differential cross section on the laser field intensity as well as the electron-impact energy.Due to the mobility of the target, the differential cross section of this process is smaller than that of Mott scattering.展开更多
An improved sheet hydroforming process with a movable die is proposed and investigated by elastoplastic FEM. The effects of varied process parameters on the deformation of the sheet blanks were investigated. The effec...An improved sheet hydroforming process with a movable die is proposed and investigated by elastoplastic FEM. The effects of varied process parameters on the deformation of the sheet blanks were investigated. The effects of the movable die on the FLD were also analyzed. Using a movable die may increase the forming limit of the blank and improve the forming performance. Moreover, the drawing ratio of the blank may be increased by changing the process conditions such as blank holder force and the counterforce of the movable die on the blank.展开更多
Hybrid-driven Underwater Glider(HUG)is a new type of underwater vehicle which integrates the functions of an Autonomous Underwater Glider(AUG)and an Autonomous Unmanned Vehicle(AUV).Although HUG has the characteristic...Hybrid-driven Underwater Glider(HUG)is a new type of underwater vehicle which integrates the functions of an Autonomous Underwater Glider(AUG)and an Autonomous Unmanned Vehicle(AUV).Although HUG has the characteristics of long endurance distance,its maneuverability still has room to be improved.This work introduces a new movement form of the neck of the underwater creature into HUG and proposes a parallel mechanism to adjust the attitude angle and displacement of the HUG’s bow,which can improve the steering maneuverability.Firstly,the influence of bow movement and rotation on the hydrodynamic force and flow field of the whole machine is analyzed by using the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)method.The degree of freedom,attitude control range and movement amount of the Movable Bow Mechanism(MBM)are obtained,and then the design of MBM is completed based on these constraints.Secondly,the kinematic and dynamic models of MBM are established based on the closed vector method and the Lagrange equation,respectively,which are fully verified by comparing the results of simulation in Matlab and Adams software,then a Radial Basis Function(RBF)neural network adaptive sliding mode controller is designed to improve the dynamic response effect of the output parameters of MBM.Finally,a prototype of MBM is manufactured and assembled.The kinematic,dynamics model and controller are verified by experiments,which provides a basis for applying MBM in HUGs.展开更多
The mobile communication is nowadays one of the basic needs of humanity. It is essential to the flourishing of human beings. Considering this reality, the need to use its mobile phone is become more important and dive...The mobile communication is nowadays one of the basic needs of humanity. It is essential to the flourishing of human beings. Considering this reality, the need to use its mobile phone is become more important and diversified. The subscribers of the various mobile telephone operators are increasingly demanding. This situation poses the problems of the cover mobile network to the operators and leads them to opt for several solutions and investments. The mobile operators in order to satisfy their customers use a policy of pushing the limits of network coverage in time and space for festive moments in targeted zones. Thus, we have conducted a study on the topic: study of a kit of GSM radio site for event-driven movable coverage. This work is applied to GSM (Global system mobile) network of the operator Orange-Ci, leader of mobile telephony in Ivory Coast. We thus proceeded under investigation initially of the various aspects of the ordinary sites (motionless radio site) which are already deployed with Orange-Ci in order to impregnate us infrastructures and equipment used. This study revealed us that a radio site comprises 4 parts: infrastructures, installations and energy equipments, installations and radio equipments, and installations and equipment of transmission. After the first analysis, we made a study of the movable site. The study of the movable site enabled us to see the various possible solutions to fulfill the basic functions of a movable radio site. After analysis we retained that our radio site will be built on a truck on which a mast of 25 m maximum length for the antennas will be embarked, it will be fed by a generator also embarked on the truck and the solution of transmission selected is the transmission by satellite more precisely technology VSAT. We choose the various equipments (radio, transmission, energy) according to features which we defined to constitute the kit of movable radio site.展开更多
The largest movable mold EMS developed by POSCO in collaboration with Daineli-Rotelec for improving internal quality of a large CC bloom is being used at a large size bloom caster of POSCO since 2011.Internal quality ...The largest movable mold EMS developed by POSCO in collaboration with Daineli-Rotelec for improving internal quality of a large CC bloom is being used at a large size bloom caster of POSCO since 2011.Internal quality of carbon steel CC bloom of 700×700 mm~2 section size with the mold EMS was much improved compared with without the mold EMS.Equiaxed zone ratio increased from 50%to 100%and the grain of equiaxed structure became globular and fine.Top shrinkage was also much reduced by applying the movable mold EMS.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41872127)。
文摘The Chang 7 sandstone is characterized by complex micro-pore structures,strong heterogeneity,and differential fluid distribution.These characteristics result in low oil recovery.In this paper,various techniques,including high-pressure mercury intrusion,nuclear magnetic resonance,scanning electron microscope,thin section,and X-ray diffraction,are employed to quantitatively evaluate the occurrence characteristics and influencing factors of movable fluids in Chang 7 sandstone reservoirs from the Heshui Block with different fractal structures.Results show that the dominant sandstone type is feldspar lithic fragment sandstone.Chang 7 reservoir has been divided into three types(typesⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢ)based on capillary pressure curves and pore structure parameters.These reservoirs are characterized by various fractal structures and different movable fluids distribution.Multiple possible factors affecting the movable fluid distribution are analyzed,including physical properties,pore structure,pore size distribution,mineral content,and heterogeneity.Movable fluid saturation is positively correlated with physical properties,weighted average pore-throat radius,median pore-throat radius,final residual mercury saturation,and maximum mercury withdrawal saturation.In contrast,it is negatively correlated with displacement pressure and has no obvious correlation with the sorting coefficient.Micron-and submicron-scale pores are beneficial to the movable fluid occurrence,while nano-scale pores are vice versa.The influence of mineral content on movable fluid occurrence varies with mineral types.Quartz is conducive to the movable fluid occurrence in submicron-scale pores,while carbonate cementation inhibits the movable fluid occurrence in submicron-scale pores.The inhibition of clay on the movable fluid occurrence is mainly reflected in submicron-and nano-scale pores and varies with clay mineral types.The influence of heterogeneity on the movable fluid occurrence is mainly reflected in submicron-scale pores.The occurrence models of movable fluid vary with reservoir types.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 12472113).
文摘The traditional topology optimization method of continuum structure generally uses quadrilateral elements as the basic mesh.This approach often leads to jagged boundary issues,which are traditionally addressed through post-processing,potentially altering the mechanical properties of the optimized structure.A topology optimization method of Movable Morphable Smooth Boundary(MMSB)is proposed based on the idea of mesh adaptation to solve the problem of jagged boundaries and the influence of post-processing.Based on the ICM method,the rational fraction function is introduced as the filtering function,and a topology optimization model with the minimum weight as the objective and the displacement as the constraint is established.A triangular mesh is utilized as the base mesh in this method.The mesh is re-divided in the optimization process based on the contour line,and a smooth boundary parallel to the contour line is obtained.Numerical examples demonstrate that the MMSB method effectively resolves the jagged boundary issues,leading to enhanced structural performance.
文摘In the present paper,we obtain the converse results of approximation of a newly introduced genuine Bernstein-Durrmeyer operators in movable interval.We also get the moments properties of an auxiliary operator which has its own independent values.The moments of the auxiliary operators play important roles in establishing the main result(Theorem 4).
文摘The Green's function is used to solve the scattering far fieldsolution of SH-wave by a mov- able rigid cylindrical interfaceinclusion in a linear elastic body. First, a suitable Green'sfunction is devel- oped, which is the fundamental displacementsolution of an elastic half space with a movable rigid half-cylin-drical inclusion impacted by out-of-plane harmonic line source loadedat any point of its horizontal surface.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B6004)the PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Project(2022yjcq03).
文摘The geological characteristics and production practices of the major middle-and high-maturity shale oil exploration areas in China are analyzed.Combined with laboratory results,it is clear that three essential conditions,i.e.economic initial production,commercial cumulative oil production of single well,and large-scale recoverable reserves confirmed by the testing production,determine whether the continental shale oil can be put into large-scale commercial development.The quantity and quality of movable hydrocarbons are confirmed to be crucial to economic development of shale oil,and focuses in evaluation of shale oil enrichment area/interval.The evaluation indexes of movable hydrocarbon enrichment include:(1)the material basis for forming retained hydrocarbon,including TOC>2%(preferentially 3%-4%),and typeⅠ-Ⅱkerogens;(2)the mobility of retained hydrocarbon,which is closely related to the hydrocarbon composition and flow behaviors of light/heavy components,and can be evaluated from the perspectives of thermal maturity(Ro),gas-oil ratio(GOR),crude oil density,quality of hydrocarbon components,preservation conditions;and(3)the reservoir characteristics associated with the engineering reconstruction,including the main pore throat distribution zone,reservoir physical properties(including fractures),lamellation feature and diagenetic stage,etc.Accordingly,13 evaluation indexes in three categories and their reference values are established.The evaluation indicates that the light shale oil zones in the Gulong Sag of Songliao Basin have the most favorable enrichment conditions of movable hydrocarbons,followed by light oil and black oil zones,containing 20.8×10^(8) t light oil resources in reservoirs with R_(0)>1.2%,pressure coefficient greater than 1.4,effective porosity greater than 6%,crude oil density less than 0.82 g/cm^(3),and GOR>100 m/m^(3).The shale oil in the Gulong Sag can be explored and developed separately by the categories(resource sweet spot,engineering sweet spot,and tight oil sweet spot)depending on shale oil flowability.The Gulong Sag is the most promising area to achieve large-scale breakthrough and production of continental shale oil in China.
基金Supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2019ZDZX0001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2067221)Sichuan Science and Technology Planning Project(Grant No.22JCQN0111).
文摘The current research of nuclear control rod drive mechanism(CRDM)movable latch only makes a simple measurement of wear mass.The wear volume and difference in various claw surfaces are ignored and the degradation mechanism of each claw surface is not clear.In this paper,a detailed degradation analysis was carried out on each claw surface of movable latch combined with wear result and worn morphology.Results indicate that the boundary of carbide is preferred for corrosion because carbide presents a nobler Volta potential compared to the metal matrix or boundary region.Due to the oscillation of drive shaft between the claw surfaces of movable latch,the dominant wear mechanism on the upper surface of claw(USC)and lower surface of claw(LSC)is plastic deformation caused by impact wear.Mechanical impact wear will cause the fragmentation of carbides because of the high hardness and low ductility of carbides.Corrosion promotes the broken carbides to fall off from the metal matrix.The generated fine carbides(abrasive particles)cause extra abrasive wear on USC when the movable brings the drive shaft upward or downward.As a result,USC has a higher wear volume than LSC.This research proposes a method to evaluate the wear on the whole movable latches using a 3D full-size scanner.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0900100)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,China(19JCJQJC63300)Tianjin University。
文摘DNA molecules are green materials with great potential for high-density and long-term data storage.However,the current data-writing process of DNA data storage via DNA synthesis suffers from high costs and the production of hazards,limiting its practical applications.Here,we developed a DNA movable-type storage system that can utilize DNA fragments pre-produced by cell factories for data writing.In this system,these pre-generated DNA fragments,referred to herein as“DNA movable types,”are used as basic writing units in a repetitive way.The process of data writing is achieved by the rapid assembly of these DNA movable types,thereby avoiding the costly and environmentally hazardous process of de novo DNA synthesis.With this system,we successfully encoded 24 bytes of digital information in DNA and read it back accurately by means of high-throughput sequencing and decoding,thereby demonstrating the feasibility of this system.Through its repetitive usage and biological assembly of DNA movable-type fragments,this system exhibits excellent potential for writing cost reduction,opening up a novel route toward an economical and sustainable digital data-storage technology.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Number:52175006.
文摘This article introduces a cable-driven lower limb rehabilitation robot with movable distal anchor points(M-CDLR).The traditional cable-driven parallel robots(CDPRs)control the moving platform by changing the length of cables,M-CDLR can also adjust the position of the distal anchor point when the moving platform moves.The M-CDLR this article proposed has gait and single-leg training modes,which correspond to the plane and space motion of the moving platform,respectively.After introducing the system structure configuration,the generalized kinematics and dynamics of M-CDLR are established.The fully constrained CDPRs can provide more stable rehabilitation training than the under-constrained one but requires more cables.Therefore,a motion planning method for the movable distal anchor point of M-CDLR is proposed to realize the theoretically fully constrained with fewer cables.Then the expected trajectory of the moving platform is obtained from the motion capture experiment,and the motion planning of M-CDLR under two training modes is simulated.The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed motion planning method.This study serves as a basic theoretical study of the structure optimization and control strategy of M-CDLR.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Korea government(MSIP)(No.2012M2A8A5025825)
文摘A vertically movable gate field effect transistor(VMGFET) is proposed and demonstrated for a microaccelerometer application. The VMGFET using air gap as an insulator layer allows the gate to move on the substrate vertically by external forces. Finite element analysis is used to simulate mechanical behaviors of the designed structure. For the simulation, the ground acceleration spectrum of the 1952 Kern County Earthquake is employed to investigate the structural integrity of the sensor in vibration. Based on the simulation, a prototype VMGFET accelerometer is fabricated from silicon on insulator wafer. According to current–voltage characteristics of the prototype VMGFET, the threshold voltage is measured to be 2.32 V, which determines the effective charge density and the mutual transconductance of1.545910-8C cm-2and 6.59 m A V-1, respectively. The device sensitivity is 9.36–9.42 m V g-1in the low frequency,and the first natural frequency is found to be 1230 Hz. The profile smoothness of the sensed signal is in 3 d B range up to1 k Hz.
基金Supported by the Nature Science Foundation ofHeilongjiang Province of China (No.A00-10) the Basis Re-search Foundation of Harbin Engineering University ( No.HEUF04008).
文摘Scattering and dynamic stress concentrations of time harmonic SH-wave in an infinite elastic piezoelectric medium with a movable rigid cylindrical inclusion are studied in this paper with the help of complex variable and wave function expansion method. The relations that a movable rigid cylindrical inclusion depends on intensity of incident wave and electric field are revealed. The expressions of dynamic stress at the edge of the inclusion are obtained. Numerical calculations are made with different wave numbers and different piezoelectric characteristic parameters. The calculating results show that dynamic stress concentrations at the edge of the inclusion have linear dependence on the incident electric field. And dynamic analyses are very important for an infinite piezoelectric medium with a movable rigid cylindrical inclusion at larger piezoelectric characteristic parameters.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20874049).
文摘Hollow poly（divinylbenzene-co-methacrylic acid） （P（DVB-co-MAA）） microspheres were prepared by the selective dissolution of the non-crosslinked poly（methacrylic acid） （PMAA） mid-layer in ethanol from the corresponding silica/PMAA/P（DVB-co-MAA） tri-layer hybrid microspheres, which were afforded by a three-stage reaction. Silica/PMAA core-shell hybrid microspheres were prepared by the second-stage distillation polymerization of methacrylic acid （MAA） via the capture of the oligomers and monomers with the aid of the vinyl groups on the surface of 3-（methacryloxy）propyl trimethoxysilane （MPS）-modified silica core, which was prepared by the Stober hydrolysis as the first stage reaction. The tri-layer hybrid microspheres were synthesized by the third-stage distillation precipitation copolymerization of functional MAA monomer and divinylbenzene （DVB） crosslinker in presence of silica/PMAA particles as seeds, in which the efficient hydrogen-bonding interaction between the carboxylic acid groups played as a driving force for the construction of monodisperse hybrid microspheres with tri-layer structure. The morphology and the structure of silica core, silica/PMAA core-shell particles, the tri-layer hybrid microspheres and the corresponding hollow polymer microspheres with movable silica cores were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）.
文摘Failure of one or multiple critical nodes may partition wireless sensor networks into disjoint segments, and thus brings negative effect on the applications. We propose DCRS, a Distributed Connectivity Restoration Strategy to tolerate the failure of one critical node. Because of the energy restriction of sensor nodes, the energy overhead of the recovery process should be minimized to extend the lifetime of the network. To achieve it, we first design a novel algorithm to identify 2-critical nodes only relying on the positional information of 1-hop neighbors and some 2-hop neighbors, and then we present the criteria to select an appropriate backup for each critical node. Finally, we improve the cascaded node movement algorithm by determining whether a node can move to another non-adjacent node directly or not to reduce the number of nodes moved. The effectiveness of DCRS is validated through extensive simulation experiments.
文摘We are responsible for providing energy and food resources for our next generation.After more than 20 years of research,the author has confirmed that the VAWT with flip-up mechanism can maintain rotation without the brake,even in strong winds.Experiments have shown that the triangularly coupled movable parallelogram buoyancy structure makes it easy to maintain the verticality of the wind turbine tower even under large waves.Furthermore,as a result of studying the connection between the HAWT(horizontal axis wind turbine)and the movable parallelogram buoyancy structure of the triangular connection,the feasibility was confirmed.The only way for all people in the world to secure energy and food fairly is to look for the remaining areas such as the high seas.The author would like to propose the use of the high seas to combat global hunger,which is likely to be a global problem in the future.
基金the Projects Nos. III.23.2.3 (I.S. Konovalenko, S.P. Buyakova) and III.23.2.4 (S.G. Psakhie) of the Basic Scientific Research Program of State Academies of Sciences for 2013e2020the RFBR Project No. 12-01-00805-a (A.Yu. Smolin, E.V. Shilko)the grant No. 14-19-00718 of the Russian Science Foundation (A.Yu. Smolin, E.V. Shilko, S.V. Astafurov)
文摘Two classes of composite materials are considered: classical metaleceramic composites with reinforcing hard inclusions as well as hard ceramics matrix with soft gel inclusions. Movable cellular automaton method is used for modeling the mechanical behaviors of such different heterogeneous materials. The method is based on particle approach and may be considered as a kind of discrete element method. The main feature of the method is the use of many-body forces of inter-element interaction within the formalism of simply deformable element approximation. It was shown that the strength of reinforcing particles and the width of particle-binder interphase boundaries had determining influence on the service characteristics of metaleceramic composite. In particular, the increasing of strength of carbide inclusions may lead to significant increase in the strength and ultimate strain of composite material. On the example of porous zirconia ceramics it was shown that the change in the mechanical properties of pore surface leads to the corresponding change in effective elastic modulus and strength limit of the ceramic sample. The less is the pore size, the more is this effect. The increase in the elastic properties of pore surface of ceramics may reduce its fracture energy.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11774131,91850114,11604119,and 11627807)
文摘We have investigated the electron scattering from the freely movable spin-1/2 particle in the presence of a linearly polarized laser field in the first Born approximation.The laser-dressed state of electrons is described by a time-dependent wave function which is derived from a perturbation treatment.With the aids of numerical simulations, we explore the dependencies of the differential cross section on the laser field intensity as well as the electron-impact energy.Due to the mobility of the target, the differential cross section of this process is smaller than that of Mott scattering.
文摘An improved sheet hydroforming process with a movable die is proposed and investigated by elastoplastic FEM. The effects of varied process parameters on the deformation of the sheet blanks were investigated. The effects of the movable die on the FLD were also analyzed. Using a movable die may increase the forming limit of the blank and improve the forming performance. Moreover, the drawing ratio of the blank may be increased by changing the process conditions such as blank holder force and the counterforce of the movable die on the blank.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,the Laoshan Laboratory Science and Technology Innovation Project (Nos.LSKJ202200200,LSKJ202202801 and LSKJ202202802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51721003)Aoshan Talent Cultivation Program (No.2017ASTCP-OE01)of the Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao).
文摘Hybrid-driven Underwater Glider(HUG)is a new type of underwater vehicle which integrates the functions of an Autonomous Underwater Glider(AUG)and an Autonomous Unmanned Vehicle(AUV).Although HUG has the characteristics of long endurance distance,its maneuverability still has room to be improved.This work introduces a new movement form of the neck of the underwater creature into HUG and proposes a parallel mechanism to adjust the attitude angle and displacement of the HUG’s bow,which can improve the steering maneuverability.Firstly,the influence of bow movement and rotation on the hydrodynamic force and flow field of the whole machine is analyzed by using the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)method.The degree of freedom,attitude control range and movement amount of the Movable Bow Mechanism(MBM)are obtained,and then the design of MBM is completed based on these constraints.Secondly,the kinematic and dynamic models of MBM are established based on the closed vector method and the Lagrange equation,respectively,which are fully verified by comparing the results of simulation in Matlab and Adams software,then a Radial Basis Function(RBF)neural network adaptive sliding mode controller is designed to improve the dynamic response effect of the output parameters of MBM.Finally,a prototype of MBM is manufactured and assembled.The kinematic,dynamics model and controller are verified by experiments,which provides a basis for applying MBM in HUGs.
文摘The mobile communication is nowadays one of the basic needs of humanity. It is essential to the flourishing of human beings. Considering this reality, the need to use its mobile phone is become more important and diversified. The subscribers of the various mobile telephone operators are increasingly demanding. This situation poses the problems of the cover mobile network to the operators and leads them to opt for several solutions and investments. The mobile operators in order to satisfy their customers use a policy of pushing the limits of network coverage in time and space for festive moments in targeted zones. Thus, we have conducted a study on the topic: study of a kit of GSM radio site for event-driven movable coverage. This work is applied to GSM (Global system mobile) network of the operator Orange-Ci, leader of mobile telephony in Ivory Coast. We thus proceeded under investigation initially of the various aspects of the ordinary sites (motionless radio site) which are already deployed with Orange-Ci in order to impregnate us infrastructures and equipment used. This study revealed us that a radio site comprises 4 parts: infrastructures, installations and energy equipments, installations and radio equipments, and installations and equipment of transmission. After the first analysis, we made a study of the movable site. The study of the movable site enabled us to see the various possible solutions to fulfill the basic functions of a movable radio site. After analysis we retained that our radio site will be built on a truck on which a mast of 25 m maximum length for the antennas will be embarked, it will be fed by a generator also embarked on the truck and the solution of transmission selected is the transmission by satellite more precisely technology VSAT. We choose the various equipments (radio, transmission, energy) according to features which we defined to constitute the kit of movable radio site.
文摘The largest movable mold EMS developed by POSCO in collaboration with Daineli-Rotelec for improving internal quality of a large CC bloom is being used at a large size bloom caster of POSCO since 2011.Internal quality of carbon steel CC bloom of 700×700 mm~2 section size with the mold EMS was much improved compared with without the mold EMS.Equiaxed zone ratio increased from 50%to 100%and the grain of equiaxed structure became globular and fine.Top shrinkage was also much reduced by applying the movable mold EMS.
