Photos of a 31‑year‑old man carrying his mother on his back at Tiananmen Square went viral on Chinese social media,drawing the praise of millions around the country,but Xiao Ma has been carrying his disabled mother fo...Photos of a 31‑year‑old man carrying his mother on his back at Tiananmen Square went viral on Chinese social media,drawing the praise of millions around the country,but Xiao Ma has been carrying his disabled mother for years and documenting their travels through short videos.展开更多
Introduction: Breastfeeding is the best way to provide ideal nutrition for optimal infant growth and development. Objectives: The aim of our work was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers of chil...Introduction: Breastfeeding is the best way to provide ideal nutrition for optimal infant growth and development. Objectives: The aim of our work was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers of children aged 0 - 24 months on exclusive breastfeeding in the Central African Republic. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted from September 15 to October 15, 2024 among mothers of infants aged 0 to 24 months. Sociodemographic, obstetric and breastfeeding-related data were collected through individual interviews conducted during sensitizations on good feeding practices organized by the Tina Touadera Foundation. The chi2 test was used to test for relationships between variables, and the p significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The average age of the mothers surveyed was 27.67 years. 65.69% (n = 247) of mothers lived in urban areas and 55.85% (n = 210) were Muslim. 56.38% (n = 212) were living common-law and 34.04% (n = 128) were poor. Secondary-school mothers (44.42%, n = 167) and housewives (53.72%, n = 202) were in the majority. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was correctly defined by 79.26% (n = 298) of mothers and actually practised in 24.20% (n = 91) of cases. The main source of information was a health professional in 75.36% (n = 304) of cases. Among the 285 mothers who practised mixed breastfeeding, lack of time (33.33%) was the main reason. They acknowledged having given water (100%), corn porridge (75.09%) and/or artificial milk (24.91%) before the first 6 months of life. The average time for introducing water was 2.2 months, and for porridge/formula 2.79 months. More than half the mothers (55.05%) said they did not know their infants’ weaning age. Factors positively influencing the use of EBF were age under 29, residence in an urban area, primiparity, having been informed about AME by a health professional, and being a housewife or shopkeeper (p Conclusion: Mothers’ level of knowledge was heterogeneous but insufficient overall. An effective system of information and education from pregnancy to the first six months of life is needed to promote breastfeeding.展开更多
Coronavirus is a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by a novel coronavirus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. The disease was first discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei...Coronavirus is a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by a novel coronavirus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. The disease was first discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. A few months later, the disease spread all over the world and became an epidemic. The infection for most people is mild to moderate but in Vulnerable groups, if they have the infections, they might experience severe COVID-19. Saudi Arabia initiated its response plan early, and all sectors and agencies worked in an integrated way to combat the disease. It has maintained proper communication during the pandemic and ensured community involvement, epidemiologic surveillance, and activation of rapid response teams. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected daily lives. Schools and daycares were closed, education was online, traveling stopped, work was suspended, gathering in social activities and practicing religious rituals, like praying or doing Umrah or Hajj, were banded. Changing lifestyles as a response to COVID-19 impacted whole communities with different categories of children, parents, and families. Women usually take the majority of daily responsibilities. The sudden change in lifestyle during COVID-19 put pressure on mothers, especially those who are working to balance work and family obligations. This study aims to identify the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 on working mothers in Saudi Arabia. Method: Data of the study was collected through survey posted on social media and analyzed through Excel. It focuses on five aspects: health, lifestyle, social relations, work production and financial status. Our target population was working mothers in Saudi Arabia aged at least 25 years. Results: In this study, all factors affected working mothers categorized under two groups: Social Economic Status and Work suspension. For Social Economic Status factors, we find five factors which are monthly income, main breadwinner, number of children at school age, type of housing, and type of work. Almost all mothers include spiritual activities to their routine to cope with stress during this period. About half of our sample have negative impact on their mental health because they are the main breadwinner, and mothers with a smaller number of children at school age have more challenges to cope up. We found that mothers who own a house or work at governmental sector have better outcome of health. After analyzing data related to Work suspension, we found that mothers who have work support have better management for life circumstances, however their health outcomes were negatively affected. In addition, mothers working at education sector have the highest positive impact among other sectors. Our data shows that working mothers’ abilities to follow up with their children decreased. This study recommends that there is need to invest more in working mothers’ research and supportive programs and ensure collaboration globally to address working mothers’ needs and share experiences.展开更多
Do you want to know what my mother is like?If the answer is yes,I would like to tell you.My mother is a(1)ordinary doctor and she really likes her job.Although she is forty-two years old,she looks like(2)very young an...Do you want to know what my mother is like?If the answer is yes,I would like to tell you.My mother is a(1)ordinary doctor and she really likes her job.Although she is forty-two years old,she looks like(2)very young and beautiful.She always goes for a walk with me after dinner because she thinks it is good for health.Also,she likes songs and she sings very well.In her spare time,she likes singing and dance(3)for me.Besides,she does all the housework for the family.She can do(4)delicious food.展开更多
My mother is a worker in a factory and she is very busy every day.After got1up at six o'clock,she brushes her teeth and washes her face.Then she does breakfast2for us.She often has breakfast at half past six and s...My mother is a worker in a factory and she is very busy every day.After got1up at six o'clock,she brushes her teeth and washes her face.Then she does breakfast2for us.She often has breakfast at half past six and she goes to work at seven.She works for eight hours every day.She often gets home at six thirty in the evening.Then she cooks dinner for us.After dinner,she watches TV or reads books for a while.Sometimes she helps me with my homework.She usually goes to bed about3twenty to eleven.展开更多
BACKGROUND Newborns with low-birth-weight may lag behind those with normal-birth-weight in terms of growth,development,and nutritional status,which increases mothers’concerns about the child’s future health and lead...BACKGROUND Newborns with low-birth-weight may lag behind those with normal-birth-weight in terms of growth,development,and nutritional status,which increases mothers’concerns about the child’s future health and leads to anxiety and depression.Providing nutritional support to newborns with low-birth-weight to facilitate optimal growth and development may help alleviate maternal anxiety and depre-ssion.RESULTS No significant difference in baseline data was observed between the two groups(P>0.05).Milk intake and TBIL levels in Group S were significantly better than those in Group L at 1,2,3,and 4 weeks after nutritional support(P<0.05).No significant differences in vomiting,abdominal distension,constipation,diarrhea,and residual adverse reactions were observed between the two groups during nutritional support(P>0.05).Group S had a significantly reduce of fewer complications(i.e.,neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and infection)than did Group L during nutritional support(P<0.05).Before nutritional support,no significant differences in developmental indicators(weight,length,and head circumference)were noted between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after nutritional support,the weight,length,and head circumference of both groups were higher than those before intervention,with Group S having significantly higher values than did Group L(P<0.05).Mothers of children who received nutritional support had decreased SAS and SDS scores,with Group S mothers having significantly lower scores than did Group L mothers(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Enteral nutrition support had significant effects on newborns weighing<2 kg within 24 hours of birth.In particular,it promoted the maturation of gastrointestinal function,enhanced nutrient absorption,promoted optimal short-term growth and development,and alleviated the mother’s anxiety and depression.展开更多
BACKGROUND Newborns are immediately admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)after birth,and thus mothers suffer from the pain of mother-infant separation.Some mothers worry about alterations in their child’...BACKGROUND Newborns are immediately admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)after birth,and thus mothers suffer from the pain of mother-infant separation.Some mothers worry about alterations in their child’s condition and the uncertainty and high medical costs of possible sequelae,which frequently cause anxiety,depression,and other adverse emotions.AIM To investigate the anxiety and depression status of mothers of children in the NICU and its related factors.METHODS A convenient sampling method is adopted.The research objects included the mothers of 191 children in the NICU of Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated with Suzhou University from January 2023 to July 2024.The general information questionnaire,personal control scale,self-rating anxiety scale,and self-rating depression scale were utilized for investigation.Anxiety and depression status in mothers of children in the NICU and its related factors were analyzed.RESULTS The incidences of maternal anxiety and depression among 191 hospitalized children in the NICU were 32.98%(63/191)and 23.56%(45/191),respectively.Single-factor analysis reveals that family monthly income,individual sense of control,gestational age of the child,and the number of diseases in the child are associated with the anxiety and depression experienced by the mother of the child in the NICU(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that family monthly income of<5000 yuan(RMB),poor individual control,gestational age of<32 weeks,and the number of diseases of≥3 kinds are all related factors for anxiety and depression in mothers of children admitted to the NICU(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Mothers of children admitted to the NICU demonstrated high anxiety and depression incidences.The nursing staff in the neonatal department established intervention measures for each related factor,strengthened communication and communication with the mother of the child,and did a good job in psychological counseling.展开更多
In November 2024,the Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security in Shandong Province released its first list of“mommy positions,”sparking hot discussion across China.These positions tend to feat...In November 2024,the Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security in Shandong Province released its first list of“mommy positions,”sparking hot discussion across China.These positions tend to feature flexible schedules and manageable workloads,making it easier for mothers to balance work and childcare.While still in its pilot phase,this innovative employment model marks a significant step toward supporting mothers rejoining the workforce.展开更多
Objective:The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of neck massage on increased breast milk secretion among postnatal mothers.Materials and Methods:The current study adopted a quasi-experimental design conducted...Objective:The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of neck massage on increased breast milk secretion among postnatal mothers.Materials and Methods:The current study adopted a quasi-experimental design conducted among 60 primi postnatal mothers(30 in each group).Study was conducted at the Postnatal ward of IMS and SUM Hospital,Bhubaneswar,Odisha.Tools used were structured sociodemographic pro forma,structured breast milk adequacy questionnaire,and structured rating scale to assess the adequacy of breast milk production.The duration of the study is 1 year.All the postnatal mothers who were primigravida and undergone cesarean section were chosen as the sample through a convenience sampling technique.Then,the samples were assigned to the intervention group(receiving neck massage)and control group(receiving standard postnatal care).The data were collected and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS version 20.Results:The study resulted a significant difference between the pretest and posttest score of breast milk production after neck massage(P=0.000).The mean score of the posttest(2.90±0.36)is more than the mean score of the pretest(2.89±0.36)of the baby’s weight(P<0.001).Further,the number of urination and stool passed in 24 h was more in the intervention group than the control group(P<0.001).The Chi-square analysis showed statistical significance between breast milk production after neck massage with religion of the postnatal mothers(P<0.05).Conclusion:The neck massage is found effective in improving the breast milk production among primi c-section mothers with improve newborn parameters.展开更多
Parental educational anxiety has become a social symptom in China,and rural primary school students’mothers exhibit unique educational anxieties due to their special living environment.Based on interviews with 10 rur...Parental educational anxiety has become a social symptom in China,and rural primary school students’mothers exhibit unique educational anxieties due to their special living environment.Based on interviews with 10 rural primary school students’mothers,five typical educational anxiety experiences were selected for analysis,and themes such as rural life burden,children’s learning habits,mothers’educational expectations,mothers’educational methods,mothers’emotional state,deviation between reality and expectations,homework guidance ability,mothers’educational level,and attitudes towards children’s future development were refined.The root causes of educational anxiety among rural primary school students’mothers include the deviation between children’s actual performance and mothers’educational expectations,the sense of disparity under social comparison,physical and mental exhaustion caused by role overload,anxiety triggered by excessive economic burden,and a sense of powerlessness towards children’s educational outcomes.To alleviate the educational anxiety of rural primary school students’mothers,mothers should actively adjust themselves,fathers should actively participate in their children’s education,society should create a healthy atmosphere,and schools should strengthen family education guidance.展开更多
Objectives:To investigate the parenting stress,care burden,and coping styles in mothers of autistic children during the pandemic of COVID-19.The outbreak of COVID-19 and the closure of education and care centers for t...Objectives:To investigate the parenting stress,care burden,and coping styles in mothers of autistic children during the pandemic of COVID-19.The outbreak of COVID-19 and the closure of education and care centers for these children may affect stress,care burden,and adaptation of these mothers.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional research.A total of 110 mothers completed questionnaires.Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics(frequency,percentage,mean,and standard deviation),independent t-test,ANOVA,and multiple linear regressions.Results:Findings showed that parenting stress has a strong and direct correlation with caring burden(P<0.001,r=0.95),and a strong and indirect correlation with coping styles(P<0.001,r=−0.91).Variables of caring burden,coping strategies,mother’s age,mother’s job,mother’s education,number of autistic children,economic status,children’s age,and functional level of autism in children can predict 72.21%of the variance in parenting stress in these mothers.Conclusions:In the present study,parenting stress of mothers of autistic children was reported to be high during the COVID-19 pandemic.Based on the findings of this study,it can be concluded that pediatric nurses and health policymakers should provide a suitable educational and supportive environment for mothers of autistic children to enhance the coping level of these mothers and consequently reduce their parenting stress and care burden.展开更多
Referring to the questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview,this paper explores the negative transfer of mother tongue in junior high school English writing and analyzes the existing problems.The results show ...Referring to the questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview,this paper explores the negative transfer of mother tongue in junior high school English writing and analyzes the existing problems.The results show that the negative transfer of mother tongue has a significant impact on junior high school students’English writing.The main errors are found at four levels:morphological level,lexical level,syntactic level and textual level.In order to deal with the errors caused by the negative transfer of mother tongue in students’English writing,it is suggested that teachers create an English language environment for students as far as possible and help students form English thinking,use contrastive analysis teaching strategies,making a comparison between English and Chinese expressions and cultural differences and pay attention to the training of students’basic knowledge of English to help students improve their English writing ability.展开更多
The period of infancy is important for the formation of social behaviors due to the rapid postnatal development of the brain functions underlying emotions and social skills.Ilustration of the neural circuits involved ...The period of infancy is important for the formation of social behaviors due to the rapid postnatal development of the brain functions underlying emotions and social skills.Ilustration of the neural circuits involved in the developmental process of infant social behaviors could foster new therapies for some social impairments occurring in the infant period.展开更多
A veterinary(兽医的)clinic in Türkiye recently shared the touching story of a stray dog who carried her unconscious puppy in her mouth and left it at the clinic door,as if begging for help.If not for the viral vi...A veterinary(兽医的)clinic in Türkiye recently shared the touching story of a stray dog who carried her unconscious puppy in her mouth and left it at the clinic door,as if begging for help.If not for the viral video footage captured by CCTV cameras,most people would probably think this story too heart⁃warming to be true.A veterinary clinic in the Adnan Kahveci neighborhood of Beylikdüzü,in Türkiye's Istanbul Province,recently reported one of its most incredible cases.On January 13,an animal lover brought a young puppy he had found on the street,claiming it was the only survivor of a stray's litter.The clinic rushed to treat the puppy only to then find that its mother showed up on the doorstep with another unconscious puppy in her mouth.A technician noticed the desperate animal and rushed to tend to her offspring,which suffered from hypothermia(体温过低)and had a very low heart rate.展开更多
英汉“A be the mother of B”与“A是B之母”隐喻构式均涉及亲属关系范畴“母亲”这一概念的隐喻,且形式相对应。本文探究了两构式语义特征上的异同及其异同背后的认知理据。通过分析美国当代英语语料库和北京大学现代汉语语料库数据发...英汉“A be the mother of B”与“A是B之母”隐喻构式均涉及亲属关系范畴“母亲”这一概念的隐喻,且形式相对应。本文探究了两构式语义特征上的异同及其异同背后的认知理据。通过分析美国当代英语语料库和北京大学现代汉语语料库数据发现,其共性为两构式都通过隐喻传达了创造义、滋养义、典范义以及核心义;而且“母亲”这一形象都包含褒义、贬义和中性三种含义。其差异主要表现为两构式的语义数量以及“母亲”形象的褒贬比例。展开更多
The rising demand for child care is putting a strain on parents of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD),particularly the mothers.This study investigated Chinese mothers of children with ASD and examined the fac...The rising demand for child care is putting a strain on parents of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD),particularly the mothers.This study investigated Chinese mothers of children with ASD and examined the factors associated with maternal mental health.An online national survey was completed by the parents of 5077 ASD children and adolescents aged 0–17 years.A total of 28.0%of the mothers reported poor mental health status.Mothers with children aged 10–13 years had a lower chance of having poor mental health status than mothers with children aged 0–2 years(odds ratio(OR)0.63,95%confidence interval(CI)0.43–0.91).Mothers of children with high-functioning autism were less likely to have poor mental health status than those of children with low-functioning autism(OR 0.76,95%CI 0.62–0.94).Having children with comorbidities was related with a higher risk of poor mental status(OR 1.56,95%CI 1.35–1.81),as were having conflicts with other family members(OR 1.44,95%CI 1.22–1.70)and providing full-time care(OR 1.22,CI 1.06–1.41).A higher-than-average family income was associated with lower risk of having poor mental health status(OR 0.70,95%CI 0.58–0.82).Factors related to the children and family,and providing full-time care,have a significant effect on mothers’mental health status.Reducing obstacles to work and social interaction,as well as tackling the financial burden of raising an ASD child,may help improve the well-being of mothers.展开更多
Probiotics exert beneficial effects on the host.This study aimed to investigate whether maternally ingested Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 during pregnancy could access and colonize the infant gut.This study r...Probiotics exert beneficial effects on the host.This study aimed to investigate whether maternally ingested Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 during pregnancy could access and colonize the infant gut.This study recruited one pregnant woman,who ingested Probio-M9 daily from 35 weeks of gestation to delivery.Feces of the mother-infant pair were regularly collected from one month before delivery to 6 months of infant's age for metagenomic sequencing.Probio-M9 genomes were mappable to all infant fecal samples,suggesting the ingested probiotics could be vertically transmitted from mother to infant.Infant-or mother-specific differential metabolic pathways were found between the maternal and infant's gut microbiome,implicating apparent differences in the intestinal metagenomic potential/function between the mother and the infant.In conclusion,maternal ingestion of Probio-M9 during the final weeks of gestation could deliver to the infant gut.The findings provided novel insights into shaping infant's gut microbiota.展开更多
Purpose: To clarify the effectiveness of 3-D delivery animation software for the mother’s and husband’s satisfaction with delivery. Subjects and Method: We independently developed a software application used to disp...Purpose: To clarify the effectiveness of 3-D delivery animation software for the mother’s and husband’s satisfaction with delivery. Subjects and Method: We independently developed a software application used to display the pelvic region and explain the labor process. The study involved a collaboration with hospital staff who recruited 18 primiparous and 18 multiparous mothers who were hospitalized for delivery at Facility A. The midwife explained the process of delivery using the “Delivery Animation Software”. A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was distributed and analyzed separately for primiparous and multiparous mothers and their husbands. Results: 1) For both primiparous and multiparous couples, both mothers and their husbands gained a significantly higher level of understanding after delivery than during pregnancy. 2) The Self-Evaluation Scale for Experience of Delivery results were as follows: “I did my best for the baby even if it was painful” was selected more often for “birth coping skills”;“reliable medical staff” was selected more often for “physiological birth process”;“the birth progressed as I expected” was selected frequently by primiparous mothers;and “the birth progressed smoothly” was selected often by multiparous mothers. 3) In terms of husbands’ satisfaction with the delivery, “I was satisfied with the delivery”, “I was given an easy-to-understand explanation”, and “They explained the process to me” was selected of primiparous and multiparous fathers. 4) All primiparous and multiparous mothers positively evaluated whether the delivery animation was helpful in understanding the process of delivery. Conclusion: The delivery animation was effective in improving the understanding and satisfaction of both the mothers and their husbands.展开更多
Introduction: Neonatal mortality remains a major concern in West Africa, and exclusive breastfeeding is recognized as a crucial intervention to promote newborn survival. This study aims to identify the factors influen...Introduction: Neonatal mortality remains a major concern in West Africa, and exclusive breastfeeding is recognized as a crucial intervention to promote newborn survival. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers, as well as the perceptions of fathers, in the Boulmiougou health district. Method: This cross-sectional mixed study was conducted between May and July 2022, involving 471 mothers and 103 fathers of children under one year of age. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. Results: The practice of exclusive breastfeeding was observed in 44.6% of mothers surveyed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that mothers older than 26 years have a significantly higher chance of exclusive breastfeeding [adjusted OR = 1.7;95% CI: (1.098 - 2.685);p = 0.019] compared to mothers under 26 years of age. Similarly, mothers with at least three antenatal visits were 2.715 times more likely to perform exclusive breastfeeding than those with less than three antenatal visits [adjusted OR = 2.715, 95% CI: (1.184 - 6.225);p = 0.018]. The vast majority of fathers (76.7%) were informed about exclusive breastfeeding, and 59.5% had a correct definition. The analysis of the father’s perception highlighted a stronger focus on traditional practices in 90.3% of cases than on medical recommendations. Conclusion: In light of these results, it is essential to increase sessions to raise awareness and involve men throughout pregnancy, childbirth and early childhood monitoring about the many benefits of exclusive breastfeeding.展开更多
文摘Photos of a 31‑year‑old man carrying his mother on his back at Tiananmen Square went viral on Chinese social media,drawing the praise of millions around the country,but Xiao Ma has been carrying his disabled mother for years and documenting their travels through short videos.
文摘Introduction: Breastfeeding is the best way to provide ideal nutrition for optimal infant growth and development. Objectives: The aim of our work was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers of children aged 0 - 24 months on exclusive breastfeeding in the Central African Republic. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted from September 15 to October 15, 2024 among mothers of infants aged 0 to 24 months. Sociodemographic, obstetric and breastfeeding-related data were collected through individual interviews conducted during sensitizations on good feeding practices organized by the Tina Touadera Foundation. The chi2 test was used to test for relationships between variables, and the p significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The average age of the mothers surveyed was 27.67 years. 65.69% (n = 247) of mothers lived in urban areas and 55.85% (n = 210) were Muslim. 56.38% (n = 212) were living common-law and 34.04% (n = 128) were poor. Secondary-school mothers (44.42%, n = 167) and housewives (53.72%, n = 202) were in the majority. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was correctly defined by 79.26% (n = 298) of mothers and actually practised in 24.20% (n = 91) of cases. The main source of information was a health professional in 75.36% (n = 304) of cases. Among the 285 mothers who practised mixed breastfeeding, lack of time (33.33%) was the main reason. They acknowledged having given water (100%), corn porridge (75.09%) and/or artificial milk (24.91%) before the first 6 months of life. The average time for introducing water was 2.2 months, and for porridge/formula 2.79 months. More than half the mothers (55.05%) said they did not know their infants’ weaning age. Factors positively influencing the use of EBF were age under 29, residence in an urban area, primiparity, having been informed about AME by a health professional, and being a housewife or shopkeeper (p Conclusion: Mothers’ level of knowledge was heterogeneous but insufficient overall. An effective system of information and education from pregnancy to the first six months of life is needed to promote breastfeeding.
文摘Coronavirus is a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by a novel coronavirus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. The disease was first discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. A few months later, the disease spread all over the world and became an epidemic. The infection for most people is mild to moderate but in Vulnerable groups, if they have the infections, they might experience severe COVID-19. Saudi Arabia initiated its response plan early, and all sectors and agencies worked in an integrated way to combat the disease. It has maintained proper communication during the pandemic and ensured community involvement, epidemiologic surveillance, and activation of rapid response teams. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected daily lives. Schools and daycares were closed, education was online, traveling stopped, work was suspended, gathering in social activities and practicing religious rituals, like praying or doing Umrah or Hajj, were banded. Changing lifestyles as a response to COVID-19 impacted whole communities with different categories of children, parents, and families. Women usually take the majority of daily responsibilities. The sudden change in lifestyle during COVID-19 put pressure on mothers, especially those who are working to balance work and family obligations. This study aims to identify the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 on working mothers in Saudi Arabia. Method: Data of the study was collected through survey posted on social media and analyzed through Excel. It focuses on five aspects: health, lifestyle, social relations, work production and financial status. Our target population was working mothers in Saudi Arabia aged at least 25 years. Results: In this study, all factors affected working mothers categorized under two groups: Social Economic Status and Work suspension. For Social Economic Status factors, we find five factors which are monthly income, main breadwinner, number of children at school age, type of housing, and type of work. Almost all mothers include spiritual activities to their routine to cope with stress during this period. About half of our sample have negative impact on their mental health because they are the main breadwinner, and mothers with a smaller number of children at school age have more challenges to cope up. We found that mothers who own a house or work at governmental sector have better outcome of health. After analyzing data related to Work suspension, we found that mothers who have work support have better management for life circumstances, however their health outcomes were negatively affected. In addition, mothers working at education sector have the highest positive impact among other sectors. Our data shows that working mothers’ abilities to follow up with their children decreased. This study recommends that there is need to invest more in working mothers’ research and supportive programs and ensure collaboration globally to address working mothers’ needs and share experiences.
文摘Do you want to know what my mother is like?If the answer is yes,I would like to tell you.My mother is a(1)ordinary doctor and she really likes her job.Although she is forty-two years old,she looks like(2)very young and beautiful.She always goes for a walk with me after dinner because she thinks it is good for health.Also,she likes songs and she sings very well.In her spare time,she likes singing and dance(3)for me.Besides,she does all the housework for the family.She can do(4)delicious food.
文摘My mother is a worker in a factory and she is very busy every day.After got1up at six o'clock,she brushes her teeth and washes her face.Then she does breakfast2for us.She often has breakfast at half past six and she goes to work at seven.She works for eight hours every day.She often gets home at six thirty in the evening.Then she cooks dinner for us.After dinner,she watches TV or reads books for a while.Sometimes she helps me with my homework.She usually goes to bed about3twenty to eleven.
文摘BACKGROUND Newborns with low-birth-weight may lag behind those with normal-birth-weight in terms of growth,development,and nutritional status,which increases mothers’concerns about the child’s future health and leads to anxiety and depression.Providing nutritional support to newborns with low-birth-weight to facilitate optimal growth and development may help alleviate maternal anxiety and depre-ssion.RESULTS No significant difference in baseline data was observed between the two groups(P>0.05).Milk intake and TBIL levels in Group S were significantly better than those in Group L at 1,2,3,and 4 weeks after nutritional support(P<0.05).No significant differences in vomiting,abdominal distension,constipation,diarrhea,and residual adverse reactions were observed between the two groups during nutritional support(P>0.05).Group S had a significantly reduce of fewer complications(i.e.,neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and infection)than did Group L during nutritional support(P<0.05).Before nutritional support,no significant differences in developmental indicators(weight,length,and head circumference)were noted between the two groups(P>0.05).However,after nutritional support,the weight,length,and head circumference of both groups were higher than those before intervention,with Group S having significantly higher values than did Group L(P<0.05).Mothers of children who received nutritional support had decreased SAS and SDS scores,with Group S mothers having significantly lower scores than did Group L mothers(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Enteral nutrition support had significant effects on newborns weighing<2 kg within 24 hours of birth.In particular,it promoted the maturation of gastrointestinal function,enhanced nutrient absorption,promoted optimal short-term growth and development,and alleviated the mother’s anxiety and depression.
文摘BACKGROUND Newborns are immediately admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)after birth,and thus mothers suffer from the pain of mother-infant separation.Some mothers worry about alterations in their child’s condition and the uncertainty and high medical costs of possible sequelae,which frequently cause anxiety,depression,and other adverse emotions.AIM To investigate the anxiety and depression status of mothers of children in the NICU and its related factors.METHODS A convenient sampling method is adopted.The research objects included the mothers of 191 children in the NICU of Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated with Suzhou University from January 2023 to July 2024.The general information questionnaire,personal control scale,self-rating anxiety scale,and self-rating depression scale were utilized for investigation.Anxiety and depression status in mothers of children in the NICU and its related factors were analyzed.RESULTS The incidences of maternal anxiety and depression among 191 hospitalized children in the NICU were 32.98%(63/191)and 23.56%(45/191),respectively.Single-factor analysis reveals that family monthly income,individual sense of control,gestational age of the child,and the number of diseases in the child are associated with the anxiety and depression experienced by the mother of the child in the NICU(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that family monthly income of<5000 yuan(RMB),poor individual control,gestational age of<32 weeks,and the number of diseases of≥3 kinds are all related factors for anxiety and depression in mothers of children admitted to the NICU(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Mothers of children admitted to the NICU demonstrated high anxiety and depression incidences.The nursing staff in the neonatal department established intervention measures for each related factor,strengthened communication and communication with the mother of the child,and did a good job in psychological counseling.
文摘In November 2024,the Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security in Shandong Province released its first list of“mommy positions,”sparking hot discussion across China.These positions tend to feature flexible schedules and manageable workloads,making it easier for mothers to balance work and childcare.While still in its pilot phase,this innovative employment model marks a significant step toward supporting mothers rejoining the workforce.
文摘Objective:The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of neck massage on increased breast milk secretion among postnatal mothers.Materials and Methods:The current study adopted a quasi-experimental design conducted among 60 primi postnatal mothers(30 in each group).Study was conducted at the Postnatal ward of IMS and SUM Hospital,Bhubaneswar,Odisha.Tools used were structured sociodemographic pro forma,structured breast milk adequacy questionnaire,and structured rating scale to assess the adequacy of breast milk production.The duration of the study is 1 year.All the postnatal mothers who were primigravida and undergone cesarean section were chosen as the sample through a convenience sampling technique.Then,the samples were assigned to the intervention group(receiving neck massage)and control group(receiving standard postnatal care).The data were collected and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS version 20.Results:The study resulted a significant difference between the pretest and posttest score of breast milk production after neck massage(P=0.000).The mean score of the posttest(2.90±0.36)is more than the mean score of the pretest(2.89±0.36)of the baby’s weight(P<0.001).Further,the number of urination and stool passed in 24 h was more in the intervention group than the control group(P<0.001).The Chi-square analysis showed statistical significance between breast milk production after neck massage with religion of the postnatal mothers(P<0.05).Conclusion:The neck massage is found effective in improving the breast milk production among primi c-section mothers with improve newborn parameters.
基金Hunan Provincial Social Science Foundation“A Phenomenological Study on the Educational Life Experiences of Rural Young Teachers”(20YBA017)。
文摘Parental educational anxiety has become a social symptom in China,and rural primary school students’mothers exhibit unique educational anxieties due to their special living environment.Based on interviews with 10 rural primary school students’mothers,five typical educational anxiety experiences were selected for analysis,and themes such as rural life burden,children’s learning habits,mothers’educational expectations,mothers’educational methods,mothers’emotional state,deviation between reality and expectations,homework guidance ability,mothers’educational level,and attitudes towards children’s future development were refined.The root causes of educational anxiety among rural primary school students’mothers include the deviation between children’s actual performance and mothers’educational expectations,the sense of disparity under social comparison,physical and mental exhaustion caused by role overload,anxiety triggered by excessive economic burden,and a sense of powerlessness towards children’s educational outcomes.To alleviate the educational anxiety of rural primary school students’mothers,mothers should actively adjust themselves,fathers should actively participate in their children’s education,society should create a healthy atmosphere,and schools should strengthen family education guidance.
基金supported by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences supported financially this research(No.140005123994).
文摘Objectives:To investigate the parenting stress,care burden,and coping styles in mothers of autistic children during the pandemic of COVID-19.The outbreak of COVID-19 and the closure of education and care centers for these children may affect stress,care burden,and adaptation of these mothers.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional research.A total of 110 mothers completed questionnaires.Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics(frequency,percentage,mean,and standard deviation),independent t-test,ANOVA,and multiple linear regressions.Results:Findings showed that parenting stress has a strong and direct correlation with caring burden(P<0.001,r=0.95),and a strong and indirect correlation with coping styles(P<0.001,r=−0.91).Variables of caring burden,coping strategies,mother’s age,mother’s job,mother’s education,number of autistic children,economic status,children’s age,and functional level of autism in children can predict 72.21%of the variance in parenting stress in these mothers.Conclusions:In the present study,parenting stress of mothers of autistic children was reported to be high during the COVID-19 pandemic.Based on the findings of this study,it can be concluded that pediatric nurses and health policymakers should provide a suitable educational and supportive environment for mothers of autistic children to enhance the coping level of these mothers and consequently reduce their parenting stress and care burden.
文摘Referring to the questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview,this paper explores the negative transfer of mother tongue in junior high school English writing and analyzes the existing problems.The results show that the negative transfer of mother tongue has a significant impact on junior high school students’English writing.The main errors are found at four levels:morphological level,lexical level,syntactic level and textual level.In order to deal with the errors caused by the negative transfer of mother tongue in students’English writing,it is suggested that teachers create an English language environment for students as far as possible and help students form English thinking,use contrastive analysis teaching strategies,making a comparison between English and Chinese expressions and cultural differences and pay attention to the training of students’basic knowledge of English to help students improve their English writing ability.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32125018,32071005,and 32171079)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LD24H090002 and LZ24C090001)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2024-00133)the Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZDCX20211102)the MOE Frontiers Science Center for Brain Science&Brain-Machine Integration of Zhejiang University.
文摘The period of infancy is important for the formation of social behaviors due to the rapid postnatal development of the brain functions underlying emotions and social skills.Ilustration of the neural circuits involved in the developmental process of infant social behaviors could foster new therapies for some social impairments occurring in the infant period.
文摘A veterinary(兽医的)clinic in Türkiye recently shared the touching story of a stray dog who carried her unconscious puppy in her mouth and left it at the clinic door,as if begging for help.If not for the viral video footage captured by CCTV cameras,most people would probably think this story too heart⁃warming to be true.A veterinary clinic in the Adnan Kahveci neighborhood of Beylikdüzü,in Türkiye's Istanbul Province,recently reported one of its most incredible cases.On January 13,an animal lover brought a young puppy he had found on the street,claiming it was the only survivor of a stray's litter.The clinic rushed to treat the puppy only to then find that its mother showed up on the doorstep with another unconscious puppy in her mouth.A technician noticed the desperate animal and rushed to tend to her offspring,which suffered from hypothermia(体温过低)and had a very low heart rate.
文摘英汉“A be the mother of B”与“A是B之母”隐喻构式均涉及亲属关系范畴“母亲”这一概念的隐喻,且形式相对应。本文探究了两构式语义特征上的异同及其异同背后的认知理据。通过分析美国当代英语语料库和北京大学现代汉语语料库数据发现,其共性为两构式都通过隐喻传达了创造义、滋养义、典范义以及核心义;而且“母亲”这一形象都包含褒义、贬义和中性三种含义。其差异主要表现为两构式的语义数量以及“母亲”形象的褒贬比例。
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.J230013),China。
文摘The rising demand for child care is putting a strain on parents of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD),particularly the mothers.This study investigated Chinese mothers of children with ASD and examined the factors associated with maternal mental health.An online national survey was completed by the parents of 5077 ASD children and adolescents aged 0–17 years.A total of 28.0%of the mothers reported poor mental health status.Mothers with children aged 10–13 years had a lower chance of having poor mental health status than mothers with children aged 0–2 years(odds ratio(OR)0.63,95%confidence interval(CI)0.43–0.91).Mothers of children with high-functioning autism were less likely to have poor mental health status than those of children with low-functioning autism(OR 0.76,95%CI 0.62–0.94).Having children with comorbidities was related with a higher risk of poor mental status(OR 1.56,95%CI 1.35–1.81),as were having conflicts with other family members(OR 1.44,95%CI 1.22–1.70)and providing full-time care(OR 1.22,CI 1.06–1.41).A higher-than-average family income was associated with lower risk of having poor mental health status(OR 0.70,95%CI 0.58–0.82).Factors related to the children and family,and providing full-time care,have a significant effect on mothers’mental health status.Reducing obstacles to work and social interaction,as well as tackling the financial burden of raising an ASD child,may help improve the well-being of mothers.
基金supported by Science and Technology Major Projects of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2021ZD0014)。
文摘Probiotics exert beneficial effects on the host.This study aimed to investigate whether maternally ingested Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 during pregnancy could access and colonize the infant gut.This study recruited one pregnant woman,who ingested Probio-M9 daily from 35 weeks of gestation to delivery.Feces of the mother-infant pair were regularly collected from one month before delivery to 6 months of infant's age for metagenomic sequencing.Probio-M9 genomes were mappable to all infant fecal samples,suggesting the ingested probiotics could be vertically transmitted from mother to infant.Infant-or mother-specific differential metabolic pathways were found between the maternal and infant's gut microbiome,implicating apparent differences in the intestinal metagenomic potential/function between the mother and the infant.In conclusion,maternal ingestion of Probio-M9 during the final weeks of gestation could deliver to the infant gut.The findings provided novel insights into shaping infant's gut microbiota.
文摘Purpose: To clarify the effectiveness of 3-D delivery animation software for the mother’s and husband’s satisfaction with delivery. Subjects and Method: We independently developed a software application used to display the pelvic region and explain the labor process. The study involved a collaboration with hospital staff who recruited 18 primiparous and 18 multiparous mothers who were hospitalized for delivery at Facility A. The midwife explained the process of delivery using the “Delivery Animation Software”. A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was distributed and analyzed separately for primiparous and multiparous mothers and their husbands. Results: 1) For both primiparous and multiparous couples, both mothers and their husbands gained a significantly higher level of understanding after delivery than during pregnancy. 2) The Self-Evaluation Scale for Experience of Delivery results were as follows: “I did my best for the baby even if it was painful” was selected more often for “birth coping skills”;“reliable medical staff” was selected more often for “physiological birth process”;“the birth progressed as I expected” was selected frequently by primiparous mothers;and “the birth progressed smoothly” was selected often by multiparous mothers. 3) In terms of husbands’ satisfaction with the delivery, “I was satisfied with the delivery”, “I was given an easy-to-understand explanation”, and “They explained the process to me” was selected of primiparous and multiparous fathers. 4) All primiparous and multiparous mothers positively evaluated whether the delivery animation was helpful in understanding the process of delivery. Conclusion: The delivery animation was effective in improving the understanding and satisfaction of both the mothers and their husbands.
文摘Introduction: Neonatal mortality remains a major concern in West Africa, and exclusive breastfeeding is recognized as a crucial intervention to promote newborn survival. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers, as well as the perceptions of fathers, in the Boulmiougou health district. Method: This cross-sectional mixed study was conducted between May and July 2022, involving 471 mothers and 103 fathers of children under one year of age. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. Results: The practice of exclusive breastfeeding was observed in 44.6% of mothers surveyed. Logistic regression analysis revealed that mothers older than 26 years have a significantly higher chance of exclusive breastfeeding [adjusted OR = 1.7;95% CI: (1.098 - 2.685);p = 0.019] compared to mothers under 26 years of age. Similarly, mothers with at least three antenatal visits were 2.715 times more likely to perform exclusive breastfeeding than those with less than three antenatal visits [adjusted OR = 2.715, 95% CI: (1.184 - 6.225);p = 0.018]. The vast majority of fathers (76.7%) were informed about exclusive breastfeeding, and 59.5% had a correct definition. The analysis of the father’s perception highlighted a stronger focus on traditional practices in 90.3% of cases than on medical recommendations. Conclusion: In light of these results, it is essential to increase sessions to raise awareness and involve men throughout pregnancy, childbirth and early childhood monitoring about the many benefits of exclusive breastfeeding.
