The use of visible and infrared remote sensing images to calculate the water area is an effective means to grasp the basic situation of water resources,and water segmentation is the premise of statistics.Generally,the...The use of visible and infrared remote sensing images to calculate the water area is an effective means to grasp the basic situation of water resources,and water segmentation is the premise of statistics.Generally,the edge features of the water in the remote sensing images are complex.When the traditional morphology is used for image segmentation,it is easy to change the image edge and affect the accuracy of image segmentation because the fixed structuring elements are used to perform morphological operations on the image.To segment water in the remote sensing image accurately,a remote sensing image water segmentation method based on adaptive morphological elliptical structuring elements is proposed.Firstly,the eigenvalue and eigenvector of the image are estimated by linear structure tensor,and the elliptical structuring elements are constructed by the eigenvalue and eigenvector.Then adaptive morphological operations are defined,combining the close operation to eliminate the influence of dark detail noise on water without overstretching the water edge,so that the water edge can be maintained more accurately.Finally,on this basis,the water area can be segmented by gray slice.The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher segmentation accuracy and the average segmentation error is less than 1.43%.展开更多
Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. （Fabaceae） is a spiny, perennial herb. The species grows in the salinized, arid regions in North China. This study investigated the response characteristics of the root growth and the dis- t...Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. （Fabaceae） is a spiny, perennial herb. The species grows in the salinized, arid regions in North China. This study investigated the response characteristics of the root growth and the dis- tribution of one-year-old A. sparsifolia seedlings to different groundwater depths in controlled plots. The eco- logical adaptability of the root systems of A. sparsifolia seedlings was examined using the artificial digging method. Results showed that： （1） A. sparsifolia seedlings adapted to an increase in groundwater depth mainly through increasing the penetration depth and growth rate of vertical roots. The vertical roots grew rapidly when soil moisture content reached 3%-9%, but slowly when soil moisture content was 13%-20%. The vertical roots stopped growing when soil moisture content reached 30% （the critical soil moisture point）. （2） The morphological plasticity of roots is an important strategy used by A. sparsifolia seedlings to obtain water and adapt to dry soil conditions. When the groundwater table was shallow, horizontal roots quickly expanded and tillering increased in order to compete for light resources, whereas when the groundwater table was deeper, vertical roots developed quickly to exploit space in the deeper soil layers. （3） The decrease in groundwater depth was probably respon- sible for the root distribution in the shallow soil layers. Root biomass and surface area both decreased with soil depth. One strategy of A. sparsifolia seedlings in dealing with the increase in groundwater depth is to increase root biomass in the deep soil layers. The relationship between the root growth/distribution of A. sparsifolia and the depth of groundwater table can be used as guidance for harvesting A. sparsifolia biomass and managing water resources for forage grasses. It is also of ecological significance as it reveals how desert plants adapt to arid environments.展开更多
The paradise thread fish(Polynemus paradiseus)is a commercially and ecologically important euryhaline fish that primarily lives in diversified coastal and estuarine habitats.A comprehensive understanding of the diverg...The paradise thread fish(Polynemus paradiseus)is a commercially and ecologically important euryhaline fish that primarily lives in diversified coastal and estuarine habitats.A comprehensive understanding of the divergence in body shape and discrimination in population parameters related to habitats is crucial for fisheries management and conservation endeavours.To test whether significant morphological differences exist between P.paradiseus populations inhabiting different coastal environments,a total of 366 individuals(198 male and 168 female)were collected from five distant places over three zones-Cox's Bazar(Bakkhali River)and Chattogram(Karnaphuli River)in the southeast coastal regions,Noakhali(lower Meghna River)in the southcentral zone,and Khulna(Shibsa River)and Borguna(Bishkhali River)in the southwest zones adjacent to the Bay of Bengal,Bangladesh in November 2022.The truss networking and geometric morphometric analysis(GMA)indicated variations in body shape among P.paradiseus individuals induced by sexual dimorphism.Wireframe graphs demonstrated that female individuals had wider dorsal-abdominal parts than males.Using the truss networking dataset for five coastal habitats,multivariate analyses revealed two overlapping clusters:southwest(Borguna and Khulna)populations in one cluster,while central(Noakhali)and southeast(Chattogram and Cox's Bazar)populations form separate clusters.The GMA also illustrated that the Khulna-Borguna population was located near the opposite end of the Chattogram-Cox's Bazar population axis,and the Noakhali populations were somewhat in the middle,with a high degree of overlap.Wireframe graphs displayed a significant body shape variations among populations,mainly in the snout shape,the width of the dorsal-abdominal part,the tail shape,and the head shape.The Discriminant Function Analysis revealed that there were pronounced variations in body shape between two populations located in distant regions,while there were minimum variations between two populations located close to each other.This study underscores the effectiveness of landmark-based truss networking and geometric morphometrics in discerning morphological variations across different habitats.These variations likely hold adaptive significance and are critical for informed population management and conservation strategies in the population structure of euryhaline P.paradisus.展开更多
In recent years, modern optical processing technologies, such as single point diamond turning, ion beam etching, and magneto-theological finishing, arc getting break- throughs. Machining precisions of super-smooth opt...In recent years, modern optical processing technologies, such as single point diamond turning, ion beam etching, and magneto-theological finishing, arc getting break- throughs. Machining precisions of super-smooth optics have also been significantly improved. However, with increasing demands for the optical surface quality,展开更多
The architectural form of the façade determines its identity as well as interactions with micro-climate forces of the ambient environment,such as solar radiation.The dynamic nature of daylight and occupants’posi...The architectural form of the façade determines its identity as well as interactions with micro-climate forces of the ambient environment,such as solar radiation.The dynamic nature of daylight and occupants’positions can cause some issues such as heat gains and visual discomfort,which need to be controlled in real-time operation.Improving daylight performance and preventing visual discomfort for multiple occupants simultaneously is challenging.However,integrating the biomimicry principles of morphological adaptation with dynamic,complex fenestration,and human-in-loop systems can lead us to find an optimal solution.This research builds on relevant literature study,biomimicry morphological approaches,and parametric simulations,to develop a bio-inspired interactive kinetic façade for improving multiple occupants’visual comfort simultaneously,inspired by plant’s stomata movement and behavior principles.Learning from the transitory stage and hunting new position of stomata’s patchy patterns,leads us to identify the dynamic transitory-sensitive area of attraction point on the façade that is triggered by the dynamic sun-timing position and multiple occupants.The annual climate-based metrics and luminance-based metric simulation results of 810 bioinspired interactive kinetic façade alternatives prove that the elastic-deformable-complexkinetic form triggered by the dynamic transitory-sensitive area can improve the visual comfort of multiple occupants simultaneously.In particular,the bio-inspired interactive kinetic façade with grid division 8x1 displays extraordinary daylight performance for south direction that prevents visual discomfort by keeping cases in the imperceptible range while providing an adequate average Spatial Daylight Autonomy of 60.5%,Useful Daylight illuminance of 90.47%,and Exceed Useful Daylight illuminance of 2.94%.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61761027)Graduate Education Reform Project of Lanzhou Jiaotong University(No.1600120101)。
文摘The use of visible and infrared remote sensing images to calculate the water area is an effective means to grasp the basic situation of water resources,and water segmentation is the premise of statistics.Generally,the edge features of the water in the remote sensing images are complex.When the traditional morphology is used for image segmentation,it is easy to change the image edge and affect the accuracy of image segmentation because the fixed structuring elements are used to perform morphological operations on the image.To segment water in the remote sensing image accurately,a remote sensing image water segmentation method based on adaptive morphological elliptical structuring elements is proposed.Firstly,the eigenvalue and eigenvector of the image are estimated by linear structure tensor,and the elliptical structuring elements are constructed by the eigenvalue and eigenvector.Then adaptive morphological operations are defined,combining the close operation to eliminate the influence of dark detail noise on water without overstretching the water edge,so that the water edge can be maintained more accurately.Finally,on this basis,the water area can be segmented by gray slice.The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher segmentation accuracy and the average segmentation error is less than 1.43%.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-EW-316)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070477,30870471)the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XBBS201105)
文摘Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. （Fabaceae） is a spiny, perennial herb. The species grows in the salinized, arid regions in North China. This study investigated the response characteristics of the root growth and the dis- tribution of one-year-old A. sparsifolia seedlings to different groundwater depths in controlled plots. The eco- logical adaptability of the root systems of A. sparsifolia seedlings was examined using the artificial digging method. Results showed that： （1） A. sparsifolia seedlings adapted to an increase in groundwater depth mainly through increasing the penetration depth and growth rate of vertical roots. The vertical roots grew rapidly when soil moisture content reached 3%-9%, but slowly when soil moisture content was 13%-20%. The vertical roots stopped growing when soil moisture content reached 30% （the critical soil moisture point）. （2） The morphological plasticity of roots is an important strategy used by A. sparsifolia seedlings to obtain water and adapt to dry soil conditions. When the groundwater table was shallow, horizontal roots quickly expanded and tillering increased in order to compete for light resources, whereas when the groundwater table was deeper, vertical roots developed quickly to exploit space in the deeper soil layers. （3） The decrease in groundwater depth was probably respon- sible for the root distribution in the shallow soil layers. Root biomass and surface area both decreased with soil depth. One strategy of A. sparsifolia seedlings in dealing with the increase in groundwater depth is to increase root biomass in the deep soil layers. The relationship between the root growth/distribution of A. sparsifolia and the depth of groundwater table can be used as guidance for harvesting A. sparsifolia biomass and managing water resources for forage grasses. It is also of ecological significance as it reveals how desert plants adapt to arid environments.
基金funded by the Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University(CVASU)research budget and the University Grants Commission(UGC)of Bangladesh(Grant No CVASU 27).
文摘The paradise thread fish(Polynemus paradiseus)is a commercially and ecologically important euryhaline fish that primarily lives in diversified coastal and estuarine habitats.A comprehensive understanding of the divergence in body shape and discrimination in population parameters related to habitats is crucial for fisheries management and conservation endeavours.To test whether significant morphological differences exist between P.paradiseus populations inhabiting different coastal environments,a total of 366 individuals(198 male and 168 female)were collected from five distant places over three zones-Cox's Bazar(Bakkhali River)and Chattogram(Karnaphuli River)in the southeast coastal regions,Noakhali(lower Meghna River)in the southcentral zone,and Khulna(Shibsa River)and Borguna(Bishkhali River)in the southwest zones adjacent to the Bay of Bengal,Bangladesh in November 2022.The truss networking and geometric morphometric analysis(GMA)indicated variations in body shape among P.paradiseus individuals induced by sexual dimorphism.Wireframe graphs demonstrated that female individuals had wider dorsal-abdominal parts than males.Using the truss networking dataset for five coastal habitats,multivariate analyses revealed two overlapping clusters:southwest(Borguna and Khulna)populations in one cluster,while central(Noakhali)and southeast(Chattogram and Cox's Bazar)populations form separate clusters.The GMA also illustrated that the Khulna-Borguna population was located near the opposite end of the Chattogram-Cox's Bazar population axis,and the Noakhali populations were somewhat in the middle,with a high degree of overlap.Wireframe graphs displayed a significant body shape variations among populations,mainly in the snout shape,the width of the dorsal-abdominal part,the tail shape,and the head shape.The Discriminant Function Analysis revealed that there were pronounced variations in body shape between two populations located in distant regions,while there were minimum variations between two populations located close to each other.This study underscores the effectiveness of landmark-based truss networking and geometric morphometrics in discerning morphological variations across different habitats.These variations likely hold adaptive significance and are critical for informed population management and conservation strategies in the population structure of euryhaline P.paradisus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61627825 and 11275172)the State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Innovation Program(MOI)(No.MOI2015 B06)
文摘In recent years, modern optical processing technologies, such as single point diamond turning, ion beam etching, and magneto-theological finishing, arc getting break- throughs. Machining precisions of super-smooth optics have also been significantly improved. However, with increasing demands for the optical surface quality,
文摘The architectural form of the façade determines its identity as well as interactions with micro-climate forces of the ambient environment,such as solar radiation.The dynamic nature of daylight and occupants’positions can cause some issues such as heat gains and visual discomfort,which need to be controlled in real-time operation.Improving daylight performance and preventing visual discomfort for multiple occupants simultaneously is challenging.However,integrating the biomimicry principles of morphological adaptation with dynamic,complex fenestration,and human-in-loop systems can lead us to find an optimal solution.This research builds on relevant literature study,biomimicry morphological approaches,and parametric simulations,to develop a bio-inspired interactive kinetic façade for improving multiple occupants’visual comfort simultaneously,inspired by plant’s stomata movement and behavior principles.Learning from the transitory stage and hunting new position of stomata’s patchy patterns,leads us to identify the dynamic transitory-sensitive area of attraction point on the façade that is triggered by the dynamic sun-timing position and multiple occupants.The annual climate-based metrics and luminance-based metric simulation results of 810 bioinspired interactive kinetic façade alternatives prove that the elastic-deformable-complexkinetic form triggered by the dynamic transitory-sensitive area can improve the visual comfort of multiple occupants simultaneously.In particular,the bio-inspired interactive kinetic façade with grid division 8x1 displays extraordinary daylight performance for south direction that prevents visual discomfort by keeping cases in the imperceptible range while providing an adequate average Spatial Daylight Autonomy of 60.5%,Useful Daylight illuminance of 90.47%,and Exceed Useful Daylight illuminance of 2.94%.
