Postoperative pain is an acute pain that appears due to the surgical act, reaching its maximum intensity in the first 24 - 48 hours after surgery. Postoperative pain control reduces possible postoperative complication...Postoperative pain is an acute pain that appears due to the surgical act, reaching its maximum intensity in the first 24 - 48 hours after surgery. Postoperative pain control reduces possible postoperative complications, as well as the patient’s stay in the medical institution. Objective: This study compared the effectiveness and side effects of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) with IV morphine in the control of postoperative pain. Methods: Seventy-three patients (Fentanyl group: 27, morphine group: 46) were included. Changes in pain were evaluated with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Pain Relief Scale, Pain Intensity Differences (PID), Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID), and Total Pain Relief (TOTPAR). At time zero, 15, 30, 45 min and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h. Results: The decrease in pain intensity measured by VAS was similar in both groups with no significant differences at any of the measurement points. Both products produced a significant increase in the Pain Relief scale, with no differences between groups at any of the measurement times. There were no differences between groups when comparing PID. Comparing SPID between groups, there were no differences at 15, 30 minutes, then there were significant differences in favor of the Fentanyl group up to 6 hours. Both products produced a significant increase in the TOPAR scale, with no differences between groups at any of the measurement times. The appearance of adverse effects was similar in both groups. Conclusions: Both products produced a significant reduction in the measures of pain intensity (VAS), increase of SPID, as well as a significant increase in the Pain Relief scale, a significant increase in the TOPAR scale, with no differences between the groups. The number of adverse effects was similar. The convenience of OTFC administration allows its administration without the special conditions needed for the administration of IV morphine.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of the Huanglian decoction(黄连汤,HLD)on morphine tolerance(MT),using network pharmacology,and to verify these mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.METHODS:Avail...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of the Huanglian decoction(黄连汤,HLD)on morphine tolerance(MT),using network pharmacology,and to verify these mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.METHODS:Available biological data on each drug in the HLD were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform.The target proteins of MT were retrieved from the GeneCards,PharmGkb,Therapeutic Target Database,DrugBank,and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases.Information regarding MT and the drug targets was compared to obtain overlapping elements.This information was imported into the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins platform to obtain a protein-protein interaction network diagram.Then,a“component-target”network diagram was constructed using screened drug components and target information,via Cytoscape(Institute for Systems Biology,Seattle,WA,USA).The database for annotation,visualization,and integrated discovery was used for Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways analyses.Pathway information predicted by network pharmacology was verified using animal studies and cell experiments.RESULTS:Network pharmacology analysis identified 22 active compounds of HLD and revealed that HLD partially ameliorated MT by modulating inflammatory,apoptosis,and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathways.Berberine(BBR),one of the main components of HLD,inhibited the development of MT in mice.BBR reduced cell viability while increasing B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)protein expression and decreasing CD86,NF-κB,Bax,and Caspase-3 protein expression in brain vascular 2(BV2)mcroglia cells treated with morphine.Additionally,BBR contributed to a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine release and apoptotic cell number.CONCLUSIONS:BBR,a key component of HLD,effectively suppressed microglial activation and neuroinflammation by regulating the NF-κB and apoptosis signaling pathways,thereby delaying MT.This study offers a novel approach to enhance the clinical analgesic efficacy of morphine.展开更多
【目的】通过研究猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(porcine circovirus type Ⅱ,PCV2)感染过程中程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)及其配体(programmed cell death 1 ligands,PD-Ls)信号通路作用,寻找调节PCV2免疫抑制新途径,减少...【目的】通过研究猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(porcine circovirus type Ⅱ,PCV2)感染过程中程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)及其配体(programmed cell death 1 ligands,PD-Ls)信号通路作用,寻找调节PCV2免疫抑制新途径,减少PCV2感染造成的经济损失。【方法】利用实验室构建的重组表达宿主菌pET32a-PD1/Rosetta(DE)进行诱导表达、纯化,获得猪可溶性PD-1蛋白(soluble PD-1,sPD-1)的诱导表达条件;制备大量具有活性的猪sPD-1蛋白,体外作用于PCV2感染的猪外周血单个核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cell,PBMCs),分别通过CCK-8和流式细胞术检测PBMCs的增殖情况,间接免疫荧光法和RT-qPCR检测猪sPD-1蛋白对PCV2病毒载量的影响,RT-qPCR和ELISA检测猪sPD-1蛋白对免疫相关细胞因子IL-2、IL-12、IL-21、IL-17A和IFN-γ等的转录水平和分泌水平的影响。【结果】通过诱导表达、纯化获得了高纯度、高活性的重组猪sPD-1蛋白。与未使用猪sPD-1蛋白处理的PCV2感染PBMCs组相比,10μg·mL−1猪sPD-1蛋白处理的猪PCV2病毒载量下降至1000 copies·μL−1以下;CCK-8检测结果显示猪sPD-1蛋白处理组细胞增殖指数显著提高(P<0.05);流式细胞术检测发现猪sPD-1蛋白组的平均荧光强度为(68.60±10.14)%,相对于PCV2病毒组(28.70±3.18)%显著增强(P<0.05);反转录荧光定量PCR和ELISA检测,发现猪sPD-1蛋白处理组的细胞因子IL-2、IL-12和IFN-γ的转录水平和分泌水平显著升高(P<0.05)。【结论】猪sPD-1蛋白可以通过阻断PD-1/PD-Ls通路降低PCV2的病毒载量,促进PBMCs的增殖,增强PBMCs细胞因子的转录水平和分泌水平免疫反应。因此,猪sPD-1蛋白在体外可以增强PCV2感染PBMCs的免疫反应,进一步为病毒性疾病的防控提供理论依据。展开更多
目的探讨抗逆转录病毒治疗(antiretroviral treatment,ART)对HIV-1感染者(people living with HIV-1,PLWH)CD3^(+)T细胞PD-1和CD160表达及其活化凋亡水平的影响。方法收集66例慢性HIV-1感染患者,根据是否接受ART治疗,将PLWH分为non-ART...目的探讨抗逆转录病毒治疗(antiretroviral treatment,ART)对HIV-1感染者(people living with HIV-1,PLWH)CD3^(+)T细胞PD-1和CD160表达及其活化凋亡水平的影响。方法收集66例慢性HIV-1感染患者,根据是否接受ART治疗,将PLWH分为non-ART组(39例)和ART组(27例),并设置HIV-1阴性对照组(30例)。采用流式细胞术检测3组外周血CD4计数及CD3^(+)T细胞中PD-1、CD160、CD95、CD38和HLA-DR的表达,并分析3组间不同指标的差异性。结果non-ART组CD3^(+)T细胞百分比和PD-1^(+)T细胞百分比与ART组相比差异无统计学意义(P=0.8141,P>0.9999),而其CD160^(+)CD3^(+)T细胞百分比显著高于ART组(P=0.0162)。共表达分析显示,non-ART组PD-1^(+)CD160^(+)CD3^(+)T细胞百分比显著高于ART组(P=0.0121),而在单阳的CD3^(+)T性细胞(CD160^(+)PD-1^(-)和PD-1^(+)CD160-)细胞群,ART组和non-ART组差异均无统计学意义(P=0.3382,P>0.9999)。在PD-1^(+)CD160^(+)CD3^(+)T细胞CD38方面,non-ART组显著高于ART组和HIV-1阴性对照组(P=0.0005,P=0.0015),HIV-1阴性对照组和ART组差异无统计学意义(P>0.9999)。结论ART对PLWH中PD-1^(+)CD160^(+)CD3^(+)T细胞百分比及其CD38的表达具有调节作用。展开更多
文摘Postoperative pain is an acute pain that appears due to the surgical act, reaching its maximum intensity in the first 24 - 48 hours after surgery. Postoperative pain control reduces possible postoperative complications, as well as the patient’s stay in the medical institution. Objective: This study compared the effectiveness and side effects of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) with IV morphine in the control of postoperative pain. Methods: Seventy-three patients (Fentanyl group: 27, morphine group: 46) were included. Changes in pain were evaluated with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Pain Relief Scale, Pain Intensity Differences (PID), Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID), and Total Pain Relief (TOTPAR). At time zero, 15, 30, 45 min and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h. Results: The decrease in pain intensity measured by VAS was similar in both groups with no significant differences at any of the measurement points. Both products produced a significant increase in the Pain Relief scale, with no differences between groups at any of the measurement times. There were no differences between groups when comparing PID. Comparing SPID between groups, there were no differences at 15, 30 minutes, then there were significant differences in favor of the Fentanyl group up to 6 hours. Both products produced a significant increase in the TOPAR scale, with no differences between groups at any of the measurement times. The appearance of adverse effects was similar in both groups. Conclusions: Both products produced a significant reduction in the measures of pain intensity (VAS), increase of SPID, as well as a significant increase in the Pain Relief scale, a significant increase in the TOPAR scale, with no differences between the groups. The number of adverse effects was similar. The convenience of OTFC administration allows its administration without the special conditions needed for the administration of IV morphine.
基金Natural Science Foundation-funded Project:Study on the Mechanism of Mechanical Stress Sensing Element Piezo Type Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Component 2 Interacting with Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2 Mediating Traumatic Brain Injury(No.82172190)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of the Huanglian decoction(黄连汤,HLD)on morphine tolerance(MT),using network pharmacology,and to verify these mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.METHODS:Available biological data on each drug in the HLD were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform.The target proteins of MT were retrieved from the GeneCards,PharmGkb,Therapeutic Target Database,DrugBank,and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases.Information regarding MT and the drug targets was compared to obtain overlapping elements.This information was imported into the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins platform to obtain a protein-protein interaction network diagram.Then,a“component-target”network diagram was constructed using screened drug components and target information,via Cytoscape(Institute for Systems Biology,Seattle,WA,USA).The database for annotation,visualization,and integrated discovery was used for Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways analyses.Pathway information predicted by network pharmacology was verified using animal studies and cell experiments.RESULTS:Network pharmacology analysis identified 22 active compounds of HLD and revealed that HLD partially ameliorated MT by modulating inflammatory,apoptosis,and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathways.Berberine(BBR),one of the main components of HLD,inhibited the development of MT in mice.BBR reduced cell viability while increasing B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)protein expression and decreasing CD86,NF-κB,Bax,and Caspase-3 protein expression in brain vascular 2(BV2)mcroglia cells treated with morphine.Additionally,BBR contributed to a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine release and apoptotic cell number.CONCLUSIONS:BBR,a key component of HLD,effectively suppressed microglial activation and neuroinflammation by regulating the NF-κB and apoptosis signaling pathways,thereby delaying MT.This study offers a novel approach to enhance the clinical analgesic efficacy of morphine.
文摘【目的】通过研究猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(porcine circovirus type Ⅱ,PCV2)感染过程中程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)及其配体(programmed cell death 1 ligands,PD-Ls)信号通路作用,寻找调节PCV2免疫抑制新途径,减少PCV2感染造成的经济损失。【方法】利用实验室构建的重组表达宿主菌pET32a-PD1/Rosetta(DE)进行诱导表达、纯化,获得猪可溶性PD-1蛋白(soluble PD-1,sPD-1)的诱导表达条件;制备大量具有活性的猪sPD-1蛋白,体外作用于PCV2感染的猪外周血单个核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cell,PBMCs),分别通过CCK-8和流式细胞术检测PBMCs的增殖情况,间接免疫荧光法和RT-qPCR检测猪sPD-1蛋白对PCV2病毒载量的影响,RT-qPCR和ELISA检测猪sPD-1蛋白对免疫相关细胞因子IL-2、IL-12、IL-21、IL-17A和IFN-γ等的转录水平和分泌水平的影响。【结果】通过诱导表达、纯化获得了高纯度、高活性的重组猪sPD-1蛋白。与未使用猪sPD-1蛋白处理的PCV2感染PBMCs组相比,10μg·mL−1猪sPD-1蛋白处理的猪PCV2病毒载量下降至1000 copies·μL−1以下;CCK-8检测结果显示猪sPD-1蛋白处理组细胞增殖指数显著提高(P<0.05);流式细胞术检测发现猪sPD-1蛋白组的平均荧光强度为(68.60±10.14)%,相对于PCV2病毒组(28.70±3.18)%显著增强(P<0.05);反转录荧光定量PCR和ELISA检测,发现猪sPD-1蛋白处理组的细胞因子IL-2、IL-12和IFN-γ的转录水平和分泌水平显著升高(P<0.05)。【结论】猪sPD-1蛋白可以通过阻断PD-1/PD-Ls通路降低PCV2的病毒载量,促进PBMCs的增殖,增强PBMCs细胞因子的转录水平和分泌水平免疫反应。因此,猪sPD-1蛋白在体外可以增强PCV2感染PBMCs的免疫反应,进一步为病毒性疾病的防控提供理论依据。
文摘目的探讨抗逆转录病毒治疗(antiretroviral treatment,ART)对HIV-1感染者(people living with HIV-1,PLWH)CD3^(+)T细胞PD-1和CD160表达及其活化凋亡水平的影响。方法收集66例慢性HIV-1感染患者,根据是否接受ART治疗,将PLWH分为non-ART组(39例)和ART组(27例),并设置HIV-1阴性对照组(30例)。采用流式细胞术检测3组外周血CD4计数及CD3^(+)T细胞中PD-1、CD160、CD95、CD38和HLA-DR的表达,并分析3组间不同指标的差异性。结果non-ART组CD3^(+)T细胞百分比和PD-1^(+)T细胞百分比与ART组相比差异无统计学意义(P=0.8141,P>0.9999),而其CD160^(+)CD3^(+)T细胞百分比显著高于ART组(P=0.0162)。共表达分析显示,non-ART组PD-1^(+)CD160^(+)CD3^(+)T细胞百分比显著高于ART组(P=0.0121),而在单阳的CD3^(+)T性细胞(CD160^(+)PD-1^(-)和PD-1^(+)CD160-)细胞群,ART组和non-ART组差异均无统计学意义(P=0.3382,P>0.9999)。在PD-1^(+)CD160^(+)CD3^(+)T细胞CD38方面,non-ART组显著高于ART组和HIV-1阴性对照组(P=0.0005,P=0.0015),HIV-1阴性对照组和ART组差异无统计学意义(P>0.9999)。结论ART对PLWH中PD-1^(+)CD160^(+)CD3^(+)T细胞百分比及其CD38的表达具有调节作用。
