This review summarizes recent progress in developing wireless,batteryless,fully implantable biomedical devices for real-time continuous physiological signal monitoring,focusing on advancing human health care.Design co...This review summarizes recent progress in developing wireless,batteryless,fully implantable biomedical devices for real-time continuous physiological signal monitoring,focusing on advancing human health care.Design considerations,such as biological constraints,energy sourcing,and wireless communication,are discussed in achieving the desired performance of the devices and enhanced interface with human tissues.In addition,we review the recent achievements in materials used for developing implantable systems,emphasizing their importance in achieving multi-functionalities,biocompatibility,and hemocompatibility.The wireless,batteryless devices offer minimally invasive device insertion to the body,enabling portable health monitoring and advanced disease diagnosis.Lastly,we summarize the most recent practical applications of advanced implantable devices for human health care,highlighting their potential for immediate commercialization and clinical uses.展开更多
In vivo monitoring of animal physiological information plays a crucial role in promptly alerting humans to potential diseases in animals and aiding in the exploration of mechanisms underlying human diseases.Currently,...In vivo monitoring of animal physiological information plays a crucial role in promptly alerting humans to potential diseases in animals and aiding in the exploration of mechanisms underlying human diseases.Currently,implantable electrochemical microsensors have emerged as a prominent area of research.These microsensors not only fulfill the technical requirements for monitoring animal physiological information but also offer an ideal platform for integration.They have been extensively studied for their ability to monitor animal physiological information in a minimally invasive manner,characterized by their bloodless,painless features,and exceptional performance.The development of implantable electrochemical microsensors for in vivo monitoring of animal physiological information has witnessed significant scientific and technological advancements through dedicated efforts.This review commenced with a comprehensive discussion of the construction of microsensors,including the materials utilized and the methods employed for fabrication.Following this,we proceeded to explore the various implantation technologies employed for electrochemical microsensors.In addition,a comprehensive overview was provided of the various applications of implantable electrochemical microsensors,specifically in the monitoring of diseases and the investigation of disease mechanisms.Lastly,a concise conclusion was conducted on the recent advancements and significant obstacles pertaining to the practical implementation of implantable electrochemical microsensors.展开更多
Modern medicine is increasingly interested in advanced sensors to detect and analyze biochemical indicators.Ion sensors based on potentiometric methods are a promising platform for monitoring physiological ions in bio...Modern medicine is increasingly interested in advanced sensors to detect and analyze biochemical indicators.Ion sensors based on potentiometric methods are a promising platform for monitoring physiological ions in biological subjects.Current semi-implantable devices are mainly based on single-parameter detection.Miniaturized semi-implantable electrodes for multiparameter sensing have more restrictions on the electrode size due to biocompatibility considerations,but reducing the electrode surface area could potentially limit electrode sensitivity.This study developed a semi-implantable device system comprising a multiplexed microfilament electrode cluster(MMEC)and a printed circuit board for real-time monitoring of intra-tissue K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Na^(+)concentrations.The electrode surface area was less important for the potentiometric sensing mechanism,suggesting the feasibility of using a tiny fiber-like electrode for potentiometric sensing.The MMEC device exhibited a broad linear response(K^(+):2–32 mmol/L;Ca^(2+):0.5–4 mmol/L;Na^(+):10–160 mmol/L),high sensitivity(about 20–45 mV/decade),temporal stability(>2weeks),and good selectivity(>80%)for the above ions.In vitro detection and in vivo subcutaneous and brain experiment results showed that the MMEC system exhibits good multi-ion monitoring performance in several complex environments.This work provides a platform for the continuous real-time monitoring of ion fluctuations in different situations and has implications for developing smart sensors to monitor human health.展开更多
With the aging of society and the increase in people’s concern for personal health,long-term physiological signal monitoring in daily life is in demand.In recent years,electronic skin(e-skin)for daily health monitori...With the aging of society and the increase in people’s concern for personal health,long-term physiological signal monitoring in daily life is in demand.In recent years,electronic skin(e-skin)for daily health monitoring applications has achieved rapid development due to its advantages in high-quality physiological signals monitoring and suitability for system integrations.Among them,the breathable e-skin has developed rapidly in recent years because it adapts to the long-term and high-comfort wear requirements of monitoring physiological signals in daily life.In this review,the recent achievements of breathable e-skins for daily physiological monitoring are systematically introduced and discussed.By dividing them into breathable e-skin electrodes,breathable e-skin sensors,and breathable e-skin systems,we sort out their design ideas,manufacturing processes,performances,and applications and show their advantages in long-term physiological signal monitoring in daily life.In addition,the development directions and challenges of the breathable e-skin are discussed and prospected.展开更多
Recently, many surgeons have been using intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring(IOM) in spinal surgery to reduce the incidence of postoperative neurological complications, including level of the spinal cord, caud...Recently, many surgeons have been using intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring(IOM) in spinal surgery to reduce the incidence of postoperative neurological complications, including level of the spinal cord, cauda equina and nerve root. Several established technologies are available and combined motor and somatosensory evoked potentials are considered mandatory for practical and successful IOM. Spinal cord evoked potentials are elicited compound potentials recorded over the spinal cord. Electrical stimulation is provoked on the dorsal spinal cord from an epidural electrode. Somatosensory evoked potentials assess the functional integrity of sensory pathways from the peripheral nerve through the dorsal column and to the sensory cortex. For identification of the physiological midline, the dorsal column mapping technique can be used. It is helpful for reducing the postoperative morbidity associated with dorsal column dysfunction when distortion of the normal spinal cord anatomy caused by an intramedullary cord lesion results in confusion in localizing the midline for the myelotomy. Motor evoked potentials(MEPs) consist of spinal, neurogenic and muscle MEPs. MEPs allow selective and specific assessment of the functional integrity of descending motor pathways, from the motor cortex to peripheral muscles. Spinal surgeons should understand the concept of the monitoring techniques and interpret monitoring records adequately to use IOM for the decision making during the surgery for safe surgery and a favorable surgical outcome.展开更多
Thoracic spinal stenosis (TSS) is a group of clinical syndromes caused by thoracic spinal cord compression, which always results in severe clinical complications. The incidence of TSS is relatively low compared with l...Thoracic spinal stenosis (TSS) is a group of clinical syndromes caused by thoracic spinal cord compression, which always results in severe clinical complications. The incidence of TSS is relatively low compared with lumbar spinal stenosis, while the incidence of spinal cord injury during thoracic decompression is relatively high. The reported incidence of neurological deficits after thoracic decompression reached 13.9%.Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) can timely provide information regarding the function status of the spinal cord, and help surgeons with appropriate performance during operation. This article illustrates the theoretical basis of applying IONM in thoracic decompression surgery, and elaborates on the relationship between signal changes in IONM and postoperative neurological function recovery of the spinal cord. It also introduces updated information in multimodality IONM, the factors influencing evoked potentials,and remedial measures to improve the prognosis.展开更多
Epidermal electronics with superb passive-cooling capabilities are of great value for both daytime outdoor dressing comfort and low-carbon economy. Herein, a multifunctional and skinattachable electronic is rationally...Epidermal electronics with superb passive-cooling capabilities are of great value for both daytime outdoor dressing comfort and low-carbon economy. Herein, a multifunctional and skinattachable electronic is rationally developed on a porous all-elastomer metafabric for efficient passive daytime radiative cooling(PDRC) and human electrophysiological monitoring. The cooling characteristics are realized through the homogeneous impregnation of polytetrafluoroethylene microparticles in the styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene fibers, and the rational regulation of microporosity in SEBS/PTFE metafabrics, thus synergistically backscatter ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared light(maximum reflectance over 98.0%) to minimize heat absorption while efficiently emit human-body midinfrared radiation to the sky. As a result, the developed PDRC metafabric achieves approximately 17℃ cooling effects in an outdoor daytime environment and completely retains its passive cooling performance even under 50% stretching. Further, high-fidelity electrophysiological monitoring capability is also implemented in the breathable and skin-conformal metafabric through liquid metal printing, enabling the accurate acquisition of human electrocardiograph, surface electromyogram, and electroencephalograph signals for comfortable and lengthy health regulation. Hence, the fabricated superelastic PDRC metafabric opens a new avenue for the development of body-comfortable electronics and low-carbon wearing technologies.展开更多
Introduction: Despite recent advances in neuroimaging and microsurgical techniques, surgical resection of spinal cord tumours remains a challenge. However, the evolution with advances and refinement of neurophysiologi...Introduction: Despite recent advances in neuroimaging and microsurgical techniques, surgical resection of spinal cord tumours remains a challenge. However, the evolution with advances and refinement of neurophysiological equipment and methodologies, intra-operative neurophysiolo- gical monitoring (IONM) is now regarded as an essential adjunct to the surgical management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours. This study aims to report our preliminary experience with IONM and emphasise its effective role of achieving maximum tumour resection and minimising neurological injury. Methods: This is a retrospective study performed at our institution between July 2012 and August 2013. It included a cohort of 6 consecutive patients presented with intramedullary spinal cord tumours. Their mean age was 26 years (range, 4 months - 37 years), all were males, and the mean follow up was 11.6 months. Results: We combined the use of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in spinal cord surgery. SSEPs are monitored during the incision of the dorsal midline of the spinal cord and this was used in two of our patients and MEPs were used as an essential monitoring during the tumour resection. In addition, we used free-running electromyography (EMG) and muscle MEPs (mMEPs) during tumour resection. Four of our patients (two with ependymoma, one with ganglioglioma, and one with pilocytic astrocytoma) had complete tumour resection and two patients (pilocytic and diffuse astrocytoma) had IONM changes during surgery and had partial tumour resection. At 6-month follow up all our patients had made a good recovery with no new neurological sequelae. Conclusion: This small series and literature review is presented to add and improve the understanding of IONM in intramedullary spinal cord procedures and to reinforce the importance of IONM in optimising tumour resection and neurological outcome. Our series confirm that without D-wave monitoring, free-running EMG and MEP monitoring during tumour resection remain an important adjunct. We also draw attention to the fact that changes in the free-running EMG occur before any changes in the MEPs are noted.展开更多
Selective dorsal neurotomy(SDN)is a surgical treatment for primary premature ejaculation(PE),but there is still no standard surgical procedure for selecting the branches of the dorsal penile nerves to be removed.We pe...Selective dorsal neurotomy(SDN)is a surgical treatment for primary premature ejaculation(PE),but there is still no standard surgical procedure for selecting the branches of the dorsal penile nerves to be removed.We performed this study to explore the value of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring(IONM)of the penile sensory-evoked potential(PSEP)for standard surgical procedures in SDN.One hundred and twenty primary PE patients undergoing SDN were selected as the PE group and 120 non-PE patients were selected as the normal group.The PSEP was monitored and compared between the two groups under both natural and general anesthesia(GA)states.In addition,patients in the PE group were randomly divided into the IONM group and the non-IONM group.During SDN surgery,PSEP parameters of the IONM group were recorded and analyzed.The differences in PE-related outcome measurements between the perioperative period and 3 months'postoperation were compared for the PE patients,and the differences in effectiveness and complications between the IONM group and the non-IONM group were compared.The results showed that the average latency of the PSEP in the PE group was shorter than that in the normal group under both natural and GA states(P<0.001).Three months after surgery,the significant effective rates in the IONM and non-IONM groups were 63.6%and 34.0%,respectively(P<0.01),and the difference in complications between the two groups was significant(P<0.05).IONM might be useful in improving the short-term therapeutic effectiveness and reducing the complications of SDN.展开更多
Objective:To present our classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas as well as explore the surgical strategies and operative management of peripheral nerve schwannomas based on the intraoperative neurophysiologic...Objective:To present our classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas as well as explore the surgical strategies and operative management of peripheral nerve schwannomas based on the intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring(INM)technique and to decrease the risk of postoperative neurological deficits in the management of these schwannomas.Materials and methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 92 cases of peripheral nerve microsurgery performed,using the INM technique.We also made the classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas into two types according to operative findings and proceeded corresponding surgical strategies.Results:All tumors were removed completely under microscopy and INM.Three patients developed residual neurological deficits at final follow-up.There were different results about temporary(18/92,19.6%)and permanent(3/92,3.3%)neurological deficits.The incidence of temporary and permanent neurological deficits in type II group was significantly higher than that in type I group(p<0.01).The incidence of permanent neurological deficits in larger size tumors was significantly higher than that of smaller size(p<0.01).Conclusions:We made the classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas according to operative findings based on INM that is helpful to our surgical strategies.Intracapsular enucleation was the preferred strategy with satisfactory results and low risk of nerve injury.The size and location of tumors seem to be related to the risk of fascicular injury.展开更多
Objective To study the application of neuroelectrophysiological monitoring for interventional therapy of intracranial aneurysms. Methods 22 patients with intracranial aneurysm underwent neuroelectrophysiological monit...Objective To study the application of neuroelectrophysiological monitoring for interventional therapy of intracranial aneurysms. Methods 22 patients with intracranial aneurysm underwent neuroelectrophysiological monitoring during interventional therapy. Somatosensory evoked potential( SSEP) ,brainstem展开更多
Near zero stroke rates can be achieved in carotid endarterectomy （CEA） surgery with selective shunting and electrophysiological neuromonitoring.though false negative rates as high as 40% have been reported.We sought...Near zero stroke rates can be achieved in carotid endarterectomy （CEA） surgery with selective shunting and electrophysiological neuromonitoring.though false negative rates as high as 40% have been reported.We sought to determine if improved training for interpretation of the monitoring signals can advance the efficacy of selective shunting with electrophysiological monitoring across multiple centers,and determine if other factors could contribute to the differences in reports.Processed and raw beta band （12.5-30 Hz） electroencephalogram （EEG） and median and tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials （SSEP） were monitored in 668 CEA cases at six surgical centers.A decrease in amplitude of 50% or more in any EEG or SSEP channel was the criteria for shunting or initiating a neuroprotective protocol.A reduction of 50% or greater in the beta band of the EEG or amplitude of the SSEP was observed in 150 cases.No patient showed signs of a cerebral infarct after surgery.Selective shunting based on EEG and SSEP monitoring can reduce CEA intraoperative stroke rate to a near zero level if trained personnel adopted standardized protocols.We also found that the rapid administration of a protective stroke protocol by attending anesthesiologists was an important aspect of this success rate.展开更多
Wearable remote health monitoring systems have gained significant prominence in the recent years due to their growth in technological advances. One form of the Wearable Physiological Monitoring System (WPMS) is the We...Wearable remote health monitoring systems have gained significant prominence in the recent years due to their growth in technological advances. One form of the Wearable Physiological Monitoring System (WPMS) is the Wearable Body Area Networks (WBAN) used to monitor the health status of the wearer for long durations. The paper discusses a prototype WBAN based wearable physiological monitoring system to monitor physiological parameters such as Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Electroencephalogram (EEG) acquired using a textile electrode, Photoplethysmogram (PPG), Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), Blood Pressure derived from analysis of Pulse Transmit Time (PTT) and body temperature. The WBAN consists of three sensor nodes that are placed strategically to acquire the physiological signals and the sensor nodes communicate to a chest/wrist worn sink node also known as wearable data acquisition hardware. The sink node receives physiological data from the sensor nodes and is transmitted to a remote monitoring station. The remote monitoring station receives the raw data and it is processed to remove noises, such as power line interference, baseline wander and tremor in the signals and the information is extracted and displayed. The WBANs are designed using the ZigBee wireless communication modules to transmit and receive the data. At the remote monitoring station the physiological parameters such as heart rate, pulse rate, systolic, diastolic blood pressure, GSR and body temperature are continuously monitored from the wearer. The data acquired from the wearable monitoring system is statically validated using a qualified medical device on 34 subjects.展开更多
Complex bridge structures designed and constructed by humans often necessitate extensive on-site execution,which carries inherent risks.Consequently,a variety of engineering practices are employed to monitor bridge co...Complex bridge structures designed and constructed by humans often necessitate extensive on-site execution,which carries inherent risks.Consequently,a variety of engineering practices are employed to monitor bridge construction.This paper presents a case study of a large-span prestressed concrete(PC)variable-section continuous girder bridge in China,proposing a feedback system for construction monitoring and establishing a finite element(FE)analysis model for the entire bridge.The alignment of the completed bridge adheres to the initial design expectations,with maximum displacement and pre-arch differences from the ideal state measuring 6.39 and 17.7 mm,respectively,which were less than the 20 mm limit required by the specification.Additionally,the stress monitoring showed that the maximum compressive stress was 10.44 MPa,which was 7.5%different from the finite element results,and better predicted the most unfavorable possible location.These results demonstrate that a scientifically rigorous construction monitoring and feedback system can ensure the safety of bridge construction and meet the expected construction standards.The findings presented in this paper provide valuable insights for bridge construction monitoring practices.展开更多
This study employs deformation monitoring data acquired during the construction of the Haoji railway large-scale bridge to investigate the displacement behavior of the subgrades,catenary columns,and tracks.Emphasis is...This study employs deformation monitoring data acquired during the construction of the Haoji railway large-scale bridge to investigate the displacement behavior of the subgrades,catenary columns,and tracks.Emphasis is placed on data acquisition and processing methods using total stations and automated monitoring systems.Through a comprehensive analysis of lateral,longitudinal,and vertical displacement data from 26 subgrade monitoring points,catenary columns,and track sections,this research evaluates how construction activities influence railway structures.The results show that displacement variations in the subgrades,catenary columns,and tracks remained within the established alert thresholds,exhibiting stable deformation trends and indicating that any adverse environmental impact was effectively contained.Furthermore,this paper proposes an early warning mechanism based on an automated monitoring system,which can promptly detect abnormal deformations and initiate emergency response procedures,thereby ensuring the safe operation of the railway.The integration of big data analysis and deformation prediction models offers a practical foundation for future safety management in railway construction.展开更多
Addressing the current challenges in transforming pixel displacement into physical displacement in visual monitoring technologies,as well as the inability to achieve precise full-field monitoring,this paper proposes a...Addressing the current challenges in transforming pixel displacement into physical displacement in visual monitoring technologies,as well as the inability to achieve precise full-field monitoring,this paper proposes a method for identifying the structural dynamic characteristics of wind turbines based on visual monitoring data fusion.Firstly,the Lucas-Kanade Tomasi(LKT)optical flow method and a multi-region of interest(ROI)monitoring structure are employed to track pixel displacements,which are subsequently subjected to band pass filtering and resampling operations.Secondly,the actual displacement time history is derived through double integration of the acquired acceleration data and subsequent band pass filtering.The scale factor is obtained by applying the least squares method to compare the visual displacement with the displacement derived from double integration of the acceleration data.Based on this,the multi-point displacement time histories under physical coordinates are obtained using the vision data and the scale factor.Subsequently,when visual monitoring of displacements becomes impossible due to issues such as image blurring or lens occlusion,the structural vibration equation and boundary condition constraints,among other key parameters,are employed to predict the displacements at unknown monitoring points,thereby enabling full-field displacement monitoring and dynamic characteristic testing of the structure.Finally,a small-scale shaking table test was conducted on a simulated wind turbine structure undergoing shutdown to validate the dynamic characteristics of the proposed method through test verification.The research results indicate that the proposed method achieves a time-domain error within the submillimeter range and a frequency-domain accuracy of over 99%,effectively monitoring the full-field structural dynamic characteristics of wind turbines and providing a basis for the condition assessment of wind turbine structures.展开更多
Due to the existing“island”state of psychological and behavioral data,there is no way for anyone to access students’psychological and behavioral histories.This limits the comprehensive understanding and effective i...Due to the existing“island”state of psychological and behavioral data,there is no way for anyone to access students’psychological and behavioral histories.This limits the comprehensive understanding and effective intervention of college students’mental health status.Therefore,this article constructs an artificial intelligence-based psychological health and intervention system for college students.Firstly,this article obtains psychological health testing data of college students through online platforms or on-campus system design,distribution of questionnaires,feedback from close contacts of students,and internal campus resources.Then,the architecture of a mental health monitoring system is designed.Its overall architecture includes a data collection layer,a data processing layer,a decision tree algorithm layer,and an evaluation display layer.The system uses the C4.5 decision tree algorithm to calculate the information gain of the processed sample data,selects the attribute with the maximum value,and constructs a decision tree structure model to evaluate students’mental health.Finally,this article studies the evaluation of students’mental health status by combining multidimensional information such as the SCL-90 scale,self-assessment scale,and student behavior data.Experimental data shows that the system can effectively identify students’mental health problems and provide precise intervention measures based on their situation,with high accuracy and practicality.展开更多
Railway infrastructure is a crucial asset for the mobility of people and goods.The increased traffic frequency imposes higher loads and speeds,leading to accelerated infrastructure degradation.Asset managers require t...Railway infrastructure is a crucial asset for the mobility of people and goods.The increased traffic frequency imposes higher loads and speeds,leading to accelerated infrastructure degradation.Asset managers require timely information regarding the current(diagnosis)and future(prognosis)condition of their assets to make informed decisions on maintenance and renewal actions.In recent years,in-service vehicles equipped with on-board monitoring(OBM)measuring devices,such as accelerometers,have been introduced on railroad networks,traversing the network almost daily.This article explores the application of state-of-the-art OBM-based track quality indicators for railway infrastructure condition assessment and prediction,primarily under the prism of track geometry quality.The results highlight the similarities and advantages of applying track quality indicators generated from OBM measurements(high frequency and relatively lower accuracy data)compared to those generated from higher precision,yet temporally sparser,data collected by traditional track recording vehicles(TRVs)for infrastructure management purposes.The findings demonstrate the performance of the two approaches,further revealing the value of OBM information for monitoring the track status degradation process.This work makes a case for the advantageous use of OBM data for railway infrastructure management,and attempts to aid understanding in the application of OBM techniques for engineers and operators.展开更多
In this study,the design and development of a sensor made of low-cost parts to monitor inclination and acceleration are presented.Αmicro electro-mechanical systems,micro electro mechanical systems,sensor was housed i...In this study,the design and development of a sensor made of low-cost parts to monitor inclination and acceleration are presented.Αmicro electro-mechanical systems,micro electro mechanical systems,sensor was housed in a robust enclosure and interfaced with a Raspberry Pi microcomputer with Internet connectivity into a proposed tilt and acceleration monitoring node.Online capabilities accessible by mobile phone such as real-time graph,early warning notification,and database logging were implemented using Python programming.The sensor response was calibrated for inherent bias and errors,and then tested thoroughly in the laboratory under static and dynamic loading conditions beside high-quality transducers.Satisfactory accuracy was achieved in real time using the Complementary Filter method,and it was further improved in LabVIEW using Kalman Filters with parameter tuning.A sensor interface with LabVIEW and a 600 MHz CPU microcontroller allowed real-time implementation of highspeed embedded filters,further optimizing sensor results.Kalman and embedded filtering results show agreement for the sensor,followed closely by the lowcomplexity complementary filter applied in real time.The sensor's dynamic response was also verified by shaking table tests,simulating past recorded seismic excitations or artificial vibrations,indicating negligible effect of external acceleration on measured tilt;sensor measurements were benchmarked using highquality tilt and acceleration measuring transducers.A preliminary field evaluation shows robustness of the sensor to harsh weather conditions.展开更多
基金the NSF CCSS-2152638 and the IEN Center Grant from the Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology at Georgia Tech.
文摘This review summarizes recent progress in developing wireless,batteryless,fully implantable biomedical devices for real-time continuous physiological signal monitoring,focusing on advancing human health care.Design considerations,such as biological constraints,energy sourcing,and wireless communication,are discussed in achieving the desired performance of the devices and enhanced interface with human tissues.In addition,we review the recent achievements in materials used for developing implantable systems,emphasizing their importance in achieving multi-functionalities,biocompatibility,and hemocompatibility.The wireless,batteryless devices offer minimally invasive device insertion to the body,enabling portable health monitoring and advanced disease diagnosis.Lastly,we summarize the most recent practical applications of advanced implantable devices for human health care,highlighting their potential for immediate commercialization and clinical uses.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82302345).
文摘In vivo monitoring of animal physiological information plays a crucial role in promptly alerting humans to potential diseases in animals and aiding in the exploration of mechanisms underlying human diseases.Currently,implantable electrochemical microsensors have emerged as a prominent area of research.These microsensors not only fulfill the technical requirements for monitoring animal physiological information but also offer an ideal platform for integration.They have been extensively studied for their ability to monitor animal physiological information in a minimally invasive manner,characterized by their bloodless,painless features,and exceptional performance.The development of implantable electrochemical microsensors for in vivo monitoring of animal physiological information has witnessed significant scientific and technological advancements through dedicated efforts.This review commenced with a comprehensive discussion of the construction of microsensors,including the materials utilized and the methods employed for fabrication.Following this,we proceeded to explore the various implantation technologies employed for electrochemical microsensors.In addition,a comprehensive overview was provided of the various applications of implantable electrochemical microsensors,specifically in the monitoring of diseases and the investigation of disease mechanisms.Lastly,a concise conclusion was conducted on the recent advancements and significant obstacles pertaining to the practical implementation of implantable electrochemical microsensors.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2021YFF1200700 and 2021YFA0911100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.T2225010,32171399,and 32171456)+4 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-Sen University(No.22dfx02)Pazhou Lab,Guangzhou(No.PZL2021KF0003)The authors also would like to thank the funding support from the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices&Integrated Technology,Institute of Microelectronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments(No.pilab2211)QQOY would like to thank the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M713645)JL would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62105380)and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M693686).
文摘Modern medicine is increasingly interested in advanced sensors to detect and analyze biochemical indicators.Ion sensors based on potentiometric methods are a promising platform for monitoring physiological ions in biological subjects.Current semi-implantable devices are mainly based on single-parameter detection.Miniaturized semi-implantable electrodes for multiparameter sensing have more restrictions on the electrode size due to biocompatibility considerations,but reducing the electrode surface area could potentially limit electrode sensitivity.This study developed a semi-implantable device system comprising a multiplexed microfilament electrode cluster(MMEC)and a printed circuit board for real-time monitoring of intra-tissue K^(+),Ca^(2+),and Na^(+)concentrations.The electrode surface area was less important for the potentiometric sensing mechanism,suggesting the feasibility of using a tiny fiber-like electrode for potentiometric sensing.The MMEC device exhibited a broad linear response(K^(+):2–32 mmol/L;Ca^(2+):0.5–4 mmol/L;Na^(+):10–160 mmol/L),high sensitivity(about 20–45 mV/decade),temporal stability(>2weeks),and good selectivity(>80%)for the above ions.In vitro detection and in vivo subcutaneous and brain experiment results showed that the MMEC system exhibits good multi-ion monitoring performance in several complex environments.This work provides a platform for the continuous real-time monitoring of ion fluctuations in different situations and has implications for developing smart sensors to monitor human health.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program 2021YFC3002201 of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation(U20A20168,61874065,51861145202)of ChinaThe authors are also thankful for the support of the Research Fund from the Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chip,the Independent Research Program of Tsinghua University(20193080047).
文摘With the aging of society and the increase in people’s concern for personal health,long-term physiological signal monitoring in daily life is in demand.In recent years,electronic skin(e-skin)for daily health monitoring applications has achieved rapid development due to its advantages in high-quality physiological signals monitoring and suitability for system integrations.Among them,the breathable e-skin has developed rapidly in recent years because it adapts to the long-term and high-comfort wear requirements of monitoring physiological signals in daily life.In this review,the recent achievements of breathable e-skins for daily physiological monitoring are systematically introduced and discussed.By dividing them into breathable e-skin electrodes,breathable e-skin sensors,and breathable e-skin systems,we sort out their design ideas,manufacturing processes,performances,and applications and show their advantages in long-term physiological signal monitoring in daily life.In addition,the development directions and challenges of the breathable e-skin are discussed and prospected.
文摘Recently, many surgeons have been using intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring(IOM) in spinal surgery to reduce the incidence of postoperative neurological complications, including level of the spinal cord, cauda equina and nerve root. Several established technologies are available and combined motor and somatosensory evoked potentials are considered mandatory for practical and successful IOM. Spinal cord evoked potentials are elicited compound potentials recorded over the spinal cord. Electrical stimulation is provoked on the dorsal spinal cord from an epidural electrode. Somatosensory evoked potentials assess the functional integrity of sensory pathways from the peripheral nerve through the dorsal column and to the sensory cortex. For identification of the physiological midline, the dorsal column mapping technique can be used. It is helpful for reducing the postoperative morbidity associated with dorsal column dysfunction when distortion of the normal spinal cord anatomy caused by an intramedullary cord lesion results in confusion in localizing the midline for the myelotomy. Motor evoked potentials(MEPs) consist of spinal, neurogenic and muscle MEPs. MEPs allow selective and specific assessment of the functional integrity of descending motor pathways, from the motor cortex to peripheral muscles. Spinal surgeons should understand the concept of the monitoring techniques and interpret monitoring records adequately to use IOM for the decision making during the surgery for safe surgery and a favorable surgical outcome.
文摘Thoracic spinal stenosis (TSS) is a group of clinical syndromes caused by thoracic spinal cord compression, which always results in severe clinical complications. The incidence of TSS is relatively low compared with lumbar spinal stenosis, while the incidence of spinal cord injury during thoracic decompression is relatively high. The reported incidence of neurological deficits after thoracic decompression reached 13.9%.Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) can timely provide information regarding the function status of the spinal cord, and help surgeons with appropriate performance during operation. This article illustrates the theoretical basis of applying IONM in thoracic decompression surgery, and elaborates on the relationship between signal changes in IONM and postoperative neurological function recovery of the spinal cord. It also introduces updated information in multimodality IONM, the factors influencing evoked potentials,and remedial measures to improve the prognosis.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875033, 52161135302)the Research Foundation Flanders (G0F2322N)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M711355)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20221540)the Shanghai Scientific and Technological Innovation Project (18JC1410600)the Program of the Shanghai Academic Research Leader (17XD1400100)the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX22_2317)。
文摘Epidermal electronics with superb passive-cooling capabilities are of great value for both daytime outdoor dressing comfort and low-carbon economy. Herein, a multifunctional and skinattachable electronic is rationally developed on a porous all-elastomer metafabric for efficient passive daytime radiative cooling(PDRC) and human electrophysiological monitoring. The cooling characteristics are realized through the homogeneous impregnation of polytetrafluoroethylene microparticles in the styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene fibers, and the rational regulation of microporosity in SEBS/PTFE metafabrics, thus synergistically backscatter ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared light(maximum reflectance over 98.0%) to minimize heat absorption while efficiently emit human-body midinfrared radiation to the sky. As a result, the developed PDRC metafabric achieves approximately 17℃ cooling effects in an outdoor daytime environment and completely retains its passive cooling performance even under 50% stretching. Further, high-fidelity electrophysiological monitoring capability is also implemented in the breathable and skin-conformal metafabric through liquid metal printing, enabling the accurate acquisition of human electrocardiograph, surface electromyogram, and electroencephalograph signals for comfortable and lengthy health regulation. Hence, the fabricated superelastic PDRC metafabric opens a new avenue for the development of body-comfortable electronics and low-carbon wearing technologies.
文摘Introduction: Despite recent advances in neuroimaging and microsurgical techniques, surgical resection of spinal cord tumours remains a challenge. However, the evolution with advances and refinement of neurophysiological equipment and methodologies, intra-operative neurophysiolo- gical monitoring (IONM) is now regarded as an essential adjunct to the surgical management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours. This study aims to report our preliminary experience with IONM and emphasise its effective role of achieving maximum tumour resection and minimising neurological injury. Methods: This is a retrospective study performed at our institution between July 2012 and August 2013. It included a cohort of 6 consecutive patients presented with intramedullary spinal cord tumours. Their mean age was 26 years (range, 4 months - 37 years), all were males, and the mean follow up was 11.6 months. Results: We combined the use of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in spinal cord surgery. SSEPs are monitored during the incision of the dorsal midline of the spinal cord and this was used in two of our patients and MEPs were used as an essential monitoring during the tumour resection. In addition, we used free-running electromyography (EMG) and muscle MEPs (mMEPs) during tumour resection. Four of our patients (two with ependymoma, one with ganglioglioma, and one with pilocytic astrocytoma) had complete tumour resection and two patients (pilocytic and diffuse astrocytoma) had IONM changes during surgery and had partial tumour resection. At 6-month follow up all our patients had made a good recovery with no new neurological sequelae. Conclusion: This small series and literature review is presented to add and improve the understanding of IONM in intramedullary spinal cord procedures and to reinforce the importance of IONM in optimising tumour resection and neurological outcome. Our series confirm that without D-wave monitoring, free-running EMG and MEP monitoring during tumour resection remain an important adjunct. We also draw attention to the fact that changes in the free-running EMG occur before any changes in the MEPs are noted.
基金supported by Jiangsu provincial key R&D plan special fund (Social Development)project in China (No.BE2019606).
文摘Selective dorsal neurotomy(SDN)is a surgical treatment for primary premature ejaculation(PE),but there is still no standard surgical procedure for selecting the branches of the dorsal penile nerves to be removed.We performed this study to explore the value of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring(IONM)of the penile sensory-evoked potential(PSEP)for standard surgical procedures in SDN.One hundred and twenty primary PE patients undergoing SDN were selected as the PE group and 120 non-PE patients were selected as the normal group.The PSEP was monitored and compared between the two groups under both natural and general anesthesia(GA)states.In addition,patients in the PE group were randomly divided into the IONM group and the non-IONM group.During SDN surgery,PSEP parameters of the IONM group were recorded and analyzed.The differences in PE-related outcome measurements between the perioperative period and 3 months'postoperation were compared for the PE patients,and the differences in effectiveness and complications between the IONM group and the non-IONM group were compared.The results showed that the average latency of the PSEP in the PE group was shorter than that in the normal group under both natural and GA states(P<0.001).Three months after surgery,the significant effective rates in the IONM and non-IONM groups were 63.6%and 34.0%,respectively(P<0.01),and the difference in complications between the two groups was significant(P<0.05).IONM might be useful in improving the short-term therapeutic effectiveness and reducing the complications of SDN.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(LY14H160025)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81402044)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(LY14H160017).
文摘Objective:To present our classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas as well as explore the surgical strategies and operative management of peripheral nerve schwannomas based on the intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring(INM)technique and to decrease the risk of postoperative neurological deficits in the management of these schwannomas.Materials and methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 92 cases of peripheral nerve microsurgery performed,using the INM technique.We also made the classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas into two types according to operative findings and proceeded corresponding surgical strategies.Results:All tumors were removed completely under microscopy and INM.Three patients developed residual neurological deficits at final follow-up.There were different results about temporary(18/92,19.6%)and permanent(3/92,3.3%)neurological deficits.The incidence of temporary and permanent neurological deficits in type II group was significantly higher than that in type I group(p<0.01).The incidence of permanent neurological deficits in larger size tumors was significantly higher than that of smaller size(p<0.01).Conclusions:We made the classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas according to operative findings based on INM that is helpful to our surgical strategies.Intracapsular enucleation was the preferred strategy with satisfactory results and low risk of nerve injury.The size and location of tumors seem to be related to the risk of fascicular injury.
文摘Objective To study the application of neuroelectrophysiological monitoring for interventional therapy of intracranial aneurysms. Methods 22 patients with intracranial aneurysm underwent neuroelectrophysiological monitoring during interventional therapy. Somatosensory evoked potential( SSEP) ,brainstem
文摘Near zero stroke rates can be achieved in carotid endarterectomy （CEA） surgery with selective shunting and electrophysiological neuromonitoring.though false negative rates as high as 40% have been reported.We sought to determine if improved training for interpretation of the monitoring signals can advance the efficacy of selective shunting with electrophysiological monitoring across multiple centers,and determine if other factors could contribute to the differences in reports.Processed and raw beta band （12.5-30 Hz） electroencephalogram （EEG） and median and tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials （SSEP） were monitored in 668 CEA cases at six surgical centers.A decrease in amplitude of 50% or more in any EEG or SSEP channel was the criteria for shunting or initiating a neuroprotective protocol.A reduction of 50% or greater in the beta band of the EEG or amplitude of the SSEP was observed in 150 cases.No patient showed signs of a cerebral infarct after surgery.Selective shunting based on EEG and SSEP monitoring can reduce CEA intraoperative stroke rate to a near zero level if trained personnel adopted standardized protocols.We also found that the rapid administration of a protective stroke protocol by attending anesthesiologists was an important aspect of this success rate.
文摘Wearable remote health monitoring systems have gained significant prominence in the recent years due to their growth in technological advances. One form of the Wearable Physiological Monitoring System (WPMS) is the Wearable Body Area Networks (WBAN) used to monitor the health status of the wearer for long durations. The paper discusses a prototype WBAN based wearable physiological monitoring system to monitor physiological parameters such as Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Electroencephalogram (EEG) acquired using a textile electrode, Photoplethysmogram (PPG), Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), Blood Pressure derived from analysis of Pulse Transmit Time (PTT) and body temperature. The WBAN consists of three sensor nodes that are placed strategically to acquire the physiological signals and the sensor nodes communicate to a chest/wrist worn sink node also known as wearable data acquisition hardware. The sink node receives physiological data from the sensor nodes and is transmitted to a remote monitoring station. The remote monitoring station receives the raw data and it is processed to remove noises, such as power line interference, baseline wander and tremor in the signals and the information is extracted and displayed. The WBANs are designed using the ZigBee wireless communication modules to transmit and receive the data. At the remote monitoring station the physiological parameters such as heart rate, pulse rate, systolic, diastolic blood pressure, GSR and body temperature are continuously monitored from the wearer. The data acquired from the wearable monitoring system is statically validated using a qualified medical device on 34 subjects.
基金The Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant#2023A1515010535).
文摘Complex bridge structures designed and constructed by humans often necessitate extensive on-site execution,which carries inherent risks.Consequently,a variety of engineering practices are employed to monitor bridge construction.This paper presents a case study of a large-span prestressed concrete(PC)variable-section continuous girder bridge in China,proposing a feedback system for construction monitoring and establishing a finite element(FE)analysis model for the entire bridge.The alignment of the completed bridge adheres to the initial design expectations,with maximum displacement and pre-arch differences from the ideal state measuring 6.39 and 17.7 mm,respectively,which were less than the 20 mm limit required by the specification.Additionally,the stress monitoring showed that the maximum compressive stress was 10.44 MPa,which was 7.5%different from the finite element results,and better predicted the most unfavorable possible location.These results demonstrate that a scientifically rigorous construction monitoring and feedback system can ensure the safety of bridge construction and meet the expected construction standards.The findings presented in this paper provide valuable insights for bridge construction monitoring practices.
文摘This study employs deformation monitoring data acquired during the construction of the Haoji railway large-scale bridge to investigate the displacement behavior of the subgrades,catenary columns,and tracks.Emphasis is placed on data acquisition and processing methods using total stations and automated monitoring systems.Through a comprehensive analysis of lateral,longitudinal,and vertical displacement data from 26 subgrade monitoring points,catenary columns,and track sections,this research evaluates how construction activities influence railway structures.The results show that displacement variations in the subgrades,catenary columns,and tracks remained within the established alert thresholds,exhibiting stable deformation trends and indicating that any adverse environmental impact was effectively contained.Furthermore,this paper proposes an early warning mechanism based on an automated monitoring system,which can promptly detect abnormal deformations and initiate emergency response procedures,thereby ensuring the safe operation of the railway.The integration of big data analysis and deformation prediction models offers a practical foundation for future safety management in railway construction.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52068049 and 51908266)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Gansu Province(No.21JR7RA267)Hongliu Outstanding Young Talents Program of Lanzhou University of Technology.
文摘Addressing the current challenges in transforming pixel displacement into physical displacement in visual monitoring technologies,as well as the inability to achieve precise full-field monitoring,this paper proposes a method for identifying the structural dynamic characteristics of wind turbines based on visual monitoring data fusion.Firstly,the Lucas-Kanade Tomasi(LKT)optical flow method and a multi-region of interest(ROI)monitoring structure are employed to track pixel displacements,which are subsequently subjected to band pass filtering and resampling operations.Secondly,the actual displacement time history is derived through double integration of the acquired acceleration data and subsequent band pass filtering.The scale factor is obtained by applying the least squares method to compare the visual displacement with the displacement derived from double integration of the acceleration data.Based on this,the multi-point displacement time histories under physical coordinates are obtained using the vision data and the scale factor.Subsequently,when visual monitoring of displacements becomes impossible due to issues such as image blurring or lens occlusion,the structural vibration equation and boundary condition constraints,among other key parameters,are employed to predict the displacements at unknown monitoring points,thereby enabling full-field displacement monitoring and dynamic characteristic testing of the structure.Finally,a small-scale shaking table test was conducted on a simulated wind turbine structure undergoing shutdown to validate the dynamic characteristics of the proposed method through test verification.The research results indicate that the proposed method achieves a time-domain error within the submillimeter range and a frequency-domain accuracy of over 99%,effectively monitoring the full-field structural dynamic characteristics of wind turbines and providing a basis for the condition assessment of wind turbine structures.
文摘Due to the existing“island”state of psychological and behavioral data,there is no way for anyone to access students’psychological and behavioral histories.This limits the comprehensive understanding and effective intervention of college students’mental health status.Therefore,this article constructs an artificial intelligence-based psychological health and intervention system for college students.Firstly,this article obtains psychological health testing data of college students through online platforms or on-campus system design,distribution of questionnaires,feedback from close contacts of students,and internal campus resources.Then,the architecture of a mental health monitoring system is designed.Its overall architecture includes a data collection layer,a data processing layer,a decision tree algorithm layer,and an evaluation display layer.The system uses the C4.5 decision tree algorithm to calculate the information gain of the processed sample data,selects the attribute with the maximum value,and constructs a decision tree structure model to evaluate students’mental health.Finally,this article studies the evaluation of students’mental health status by combining multidimensional information such as the SCL-90 scale,self-assessment scale,and student behavior data.Experimental data shows that the system can effectively identify students’mental health problems and provide precise intervention measures based on their situation,with high accuracy and practicality.
基金supported financially by the project OMISM from the ETH Zurich Mobility Initiative。
文摘Railway infrastructure is a crucial asset for the mobility of people and goods.The increased traffic frequency imposes higher loads and speeds,leading to accelerated infrastructure degradation.Asset managers require timely information regarding the current(diagnosis)and future(prognosis)condition of their assets to make informed decisions on maintenance and renewal actions.In recent years,in-service vehicles equipped with on-board monitoring(OBM)measuring devices,such as accelerometers,have been introduced on railroad networks,traversing the network almost daily.This article explores the application of state-of-the-art OBM-based track quality indicators for railway infrastructure condition assessment and prediction,primarily under the prism of track geometry quality.The results highlight the similarities and advantages of applying track quality indicators generated from OBM measurements(high frequency and relatively lower accuracy data)compared to those generated from higher precision,yet temporally sparser,data collected by traditional track recording vehicles(TRVs)for infrastructure management purposes.The findings demonstrate the performance of the two approaches,further revealing the value of OBM information for monitoring the track status degradation process.This work makes a case for the advantageous use of OBM data for railway infrastructure management,and attempts to aid understanding in the application of OBM techniques for engineers and operators.
基金Research Committee,National Technical University of Athens。
文摘In this study,the design and development of a sensor made of low-cost parts to monitor inclination and acceleration are presented.Αmicro electro-mechanical systems,micro electro mechanical systems,sensor was housed in a robust enclosure and interfaced with a Raspberry Pi microcomputer with Internet connectivity into a proposed tilt and acceleration monitoring node.Online capabilities accessible by mobile phone such as real-time graph,early warning notification,and database logging were implemented using Python programming.The sensor response was calibrated for inherent bias and errors,and then tested thoroughly in the laboratory under static and dynamic loading conditions beside high-quality transducers.Satisfactory accuracy was achieved in real time using the Complementary Filter method,and it was further improved in LabVIEW using Kalman Filters with parameter tuning.A sensor interface with LabVIEW and a 600 MHz CPU microcontroller allowed real-time implementation of highspeed embedded filters,further optimizing sensor results.Kalman and embedded filtering results show agreement for the sensor,followed closely by the lowcomplexity complementary filter applied in real time.The sensor's dynamic response was also verified by shaking table tests,simulating past recorded seismic excitations or artificial vibrations,indicating negligible effect of external acceleration on measured tilt;sensor measurements were benchmarked using highquality tilt and acceleration measuring transducers.A preliminary field evaluation shows robustness of the sensor to harsh weather conditions.
