In modern transportation,pavement is one of the most important civil infrastructures for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.Pavement service quality and service life are of great importance for civil engineers a...In modern transportation,pavement is one of the most important civil infrastructures for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.Pavement service quality and service life are of great importance for civil engineers as they directly affect the regular service for the users.Therefore,monitoring the health status of pavement before irreversible damage occurs is essential for timely maintenance,which in turn ensures public transportation safety.Many pavement damages can be detected and analyzed by monitoring the structure dynamic responses and evaluating road surface conditions.Advanced technologies can be employed for the collection and analysis of such data,including various intrusive sensing techniques,image processing techniques,and machine learning methods.This review summarizes the state-ofthe-art of these three technologies in pavement engineering in recent years and suggests possible developments for future pavement monitoring and analysis based on these approaches.展开更多
The study concentrates mainly on the development of failure process incomposite rock mass. By use of acoustic emission (AE), convergence inspection, pressure monitoring,level measurement techniques and the modem signa...The study concentrates mainly on the development of failure process incomposite rock mass. By use of acoustic emission (AE), convergence inspection, pressure monitoring,level measurement techniques and the modem signal analysis technology, as well as scan electronmicroscopy (SEM) experiment, various aspects of nonlinear dynamic damage of composite rock masssurrounding the transport roadway in Linglong gold mine are discussed. According to the monitoringresults, the stability of the rock mass can be synthetically evaluated, and the intrinsic relationbetween the damage and the characteristic parameters of acoustic emission can be determined. Thelocation of the damage of rock mass can also be detected based on the acoustic emission couplemonitoring signals. Finally, the key factors which influence the stability of the transport roadwaysupported by composite hard rock materials are found out.展开更多
Tropical cyclones(TCs),including tropical depressions and different categories of typhoons,hurricanes,and cyclonic storms,mostly originate over the oceans in the absence of direct observations.Thus,detailed monitoring...Tropical cyclones(TCs),including tropical depressions and different categories of typhoons,hurricanes,and cyclonic storms,mostly originate over the oceans in the absence of direct observations.Thus,detailed monitoring and analysis of TCs has always been an unsolved problem.In the recent 20 years,great changes have taken place in domestic and foreign TC monitoring techniques,imposing a significant impact on TC operations and research.Some new technologies and products gradually emerge to support operations,with improved monitoring accuracy.In this paper,the progress on TC monitoring and analysis via meteorological satellites,radars,and airplanes in China and the world is reviewed,compared,and summarized,with special focuses on multisatellite fusion observations,in situ aircraft measurements,and some unconventional observation equipment such as rockets,saildrones,and underwater gliders.On this basis,the paper points out future directions for improving TC monitoring and analysis in aid of better TC forecast and early warning.展开更多
Effluent outfalls are an important exit for pollutants discharged from the source flowing into environmental water bodies,as well as an important guarantee for the ecological environment of natural water bodies.In res...Effluent outfalls are an important exit for pollutants discharged from the source flowing into environmental water bodies,as well as an important guarantee for the ecological environment of natural water bodies.In response to main problems of large and diverse effluent outfalls,as well as their monitoring analysis,tracing and regulation in China,classification and regulation countermeasures were proposed based on the characteristics of effluent outfalls.It is suggested that a comprehensive management and control system should be built by improving the management and control system,upgrading monitoring techniques and strengthening social supervision and public education,so as to provide a scientific basis for the supervision and management of effluent outfalls in China and help promote the improvement of water quality and the sustainable development and utilization of water resources.展开更多
Based on the analysis of the basic geological conditions and inclinometer monitoring data of the landslide on the lower right bank of the Jatigede Dam Project in Indonesia, this paper preliminarily judges the position...Based on the analysis of the basic geological conditions and inclinometer monitoring data of the landslide on the lower right bank of the Jatigede Dam Project in Indonesia, this paper preliminarily judges the position of the sliding surface (belt) of the landslide on the right bank before and after the reservoir impoundment, and monitors, warns, grades and predicts the landslide deformation.展开更多
Objective: to investigate and analyze the incidence of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Sheyang County, and to provide scientific basis for making reasonable prevention and treatment meas...Objective: to investigate and analyze the incidence of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Sheyang County, and to provide scientific basis for making reasonable prevention and treatment measures for common diseases among primary and secondary school students. Methods: data of poor eyesight, permanent dental caries, nutritional status and blood pressure of primary and secondary school students in Sheyang County in 2020 were analyzed statistically. Results: the detection rate of various common diseases in primary and secondary school students was 70.01% with low vision, 16.25% with overweight, 15.59% with obesity, 13.52% with high blood pressure, 9.77% with permanent caries, 3.51% with mild wasting, 3.23% with moderate and severe wasting and 0.22% with growth retardation. From primary school, junior high school to senior high school, myopia showed a linear increasing trend and obesity showed a fluctuating decreasing trend (P 0.001). The detection rates of poor eyesight, permanent tooth caries, growth retardation and high blood pressure in female students are higher than those in male students, and the detection rates of mild emaciation, moderate and severe emaciation, overweight and obesity in male students are higher than those in female students (p 0.01). Conclusion: common diseases such as poor eyesight, overweight, obesity, high blood pressure and permanent tooth caries are prominent among primary and secondary school students in Sheyang County. According to the characteristics of different populations, prevention and control measures should be taken to effectively reduce the incidence of common diseases among students.展开更多
The land desertification in Xinjiang was monitored and analyzed based on RS and GIS techniques. Satellite data interpretation was adopted to obtain the general situation of Xinjiang’s land desertification in assistan...The land desertification in Xinjiang was monitored and analyzed based on RS and GIS techniques. Satellite data interpretation was adopted to obtain the general situation of Xinjiang’s land desertification in assistance with the sampling method and on-the-spot investigations. Related monitoring and investigations showed that Xinjiang was facing with severe wide range land desertification, and its desertified area made up 77.08% of the total monitoring area. As for land types, the desertified farmland accounted for 1.92% of the total monitoring area, desertified woodland 4%, desertified grassland 45%, and unused land 49%. Accordingly, as for desertification degrees, non-desertified land occupied 22.92%, weak desertified land 5.69%, medium-degree desertified land 16.58%, severe desertified land 33.19% and super severe desertified land 21.61%. Finally, as for inducing factors, wind-eroded desertification made up 58.23%, water-eroded desertification 8.69%, salinization desertification 6.52% and frozen-melt eroded desertification 3.64%. Xinjiang’s land desertification tended to get worse and the harnessing mission remained hard.展开更多
The water quality of all rivers into the Qinhuangdao coastal water was below the grade V in 2013. In this study, an inte- grated MIKE 1 l water quality model is applied to deal with the water environment in the rivers...The water quality of all rivers into the Qinhuangdao coastal water was below the grade V in 2013. In this study, an inte- grated MIKE 1 l water quality model is applied to deal with the water environment in the rivers into the Qinhuangdao coastal water. The model is first calibrated with the field measured chemical oxygen demand （COD） concentrations. Then the transport of the COD in the rivers into the Qinhuangdao coastal water is computed based on the model in the water environmental monitoring process. Numerical results show that the COD concentration decreases dramatically in the estuaries, from which we can determine the positions of long-term monitoring stations to monitor the river pollutions into the coastal water. Furthermore, different scenarios about the inputs of the point sources and the non-point sources are simulated to discuss the model application in the water enviro- nmental control, and simplified formula are derived for assessing the water quality and the environmental management of rivers.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFF0205600)the International Research Cooperation Seed Fund of Beijing University of Technology(2018A08)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport(2018-kjc-01-213)the Construction of Service Capability of Scientific and Technological Innovation-Municipal Level of Fundamental Research Funds(Scientific Research Categories)of Beijing City(PXM2019_014204_500032).
文摘In modern transportation,pavement is one of the most important civil infrastructures for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.Pavement service quality and service life are of great importance for civil engineers as they directly affect the regular service for the users.Therefore,monitoring the health status of pavement before irreversible damage occurs is essential for timely maintenance,which in turn ensures public transportation safety.Many pavement damages can be detected and analyzed by monitoring the structure dynamic responses and evaluating road surface conditions.Advanced technologies can be employed for the collection and analysis of such data,including various intrusive sensing techniques,image processing techniques,and machine learning methods.This review summarizes the state-ofthe-art of these three technologies in pavement engineering in recent years and suggests possible developments for future pavement monitoring and analysis based on these approaches.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.50074002.
文摘The study concentrates mainly on the development of failure process incomposite rock mass. By use of acoustic emission (AE), convergence inspection, pressure monitoring,level measurement techniques and the modem signal analysis technology, as well as scan electronmicroscopy (SEM) experiment, various aspects of nonlinear dynamic damage of composite rock masssurrounding the transport roadway in Linglong gold mine are discussed. According to the monitoringresults, the stability of the rock mass can be synthetically evaluated, and the intrinsic relationbetween the damage and the characteristic parameters of acoustic emission can be determined. Thelocation of the damage of rock mass can also be detected based on the acoustic emission couplemonitoring signals. Finally, the key factors which influence the stability of the transport roadwaysupported by composite hard rock materials are found out.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41930972)。
文摘Tropical cyclones(TCs),including tropical depressions and different categories of typhoons,hurricanes,and cyclonic storms,mostly originate over the oceans in the absence of direct observations.Thus,detailed monitoring and analysis of TCs has always been an unsolved problem.In the recent 20 years,great changes have taken place in domestic and foreign TC monitoring techniques,imposing a significant impact on TC operations and research.Some new technologies and products gradually emerge to support operations,with improved monitoring accuracy.In this paper,the progress on TC monitoring and analysis via meteorological satellites,radars,and airplanes in China and the world is reviewed,compared,and summarized,with special focuses on multisatellite fusion observations,in situ aircraft measurements,and some unconventional observation equipment such as rockets,saildrones,and underwater gliders.On this basis,the paper points out future directions for improving TC monitoring and analysis in aid of better TC forecast and early warning.
文摘Effluent outfalls are an important exit for pollutants discharged from the source flowing into environmental water bodies,as well as an important guarantee for the ecological environment of natural water bodies.In response to main problems of large and diverse effluent outfalls,as well as their monitoring analysis,tracing and regulation in China,classification and regulation countermeasures were proposed based on the characteristics of effluent outfalls.It is suggested that a comprehensive management and control system should be built by improving the management and control system,upgrading monitoring techniques and strengthening social supervision and public education,so as to provide a scientific basis for the supervision and management of effluent outfalls in China and help promote the improvement of water quality and the sustainable development and utilization of water resources.
文摘Based on the analysis of the basic geological conditions and inclinometer monitoring data of the landslide on the lower right bank of the Jatigede Dam Project in Indonesia, this paper preliminarily judges the position of the sliding surface (belt) of the landslide on the right bank before and after the reservoir impoundment, and monitors, warns, grades and predicts the landslide deformation.
文摘Objective: to investigate and analyze the incidence of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Sheyang County, and to provide scientific basis for making reasonable prevention and treatment measures for common diseases among primary and secondary school students. Methods: data of poor eyesight, permanent dental caries, nutritional status and blood pressure of primary and secondary school students in Sheyang County in 2020 were analyzed statistically. Results: the detection rate of various common diseases in primary and secondary school students was 70.01% with low vision, 16.25% with overweight, 15.59% with obesity, 13.52% with high blood pressure, 9.77% with permanent caries, 3.51% with mild wasting, 3.23% with moderate and severe wasting and 0.22% with growth retardation. From primary school, junior high school to senior high school, myopia showed a linear increasing trend and obesity showed a fluctuating decreasing trend (P 0.001). The detection rates of poor eyesight, permanent tooth caries, growth retardation and high blood pressure in female students are higher than those in male students, and the detection rates of mild emaciation, moderate and severe emaciation, overweight and obesity in male students are higher than those in female students (p 0.01). Conclusion: common diseases such as poor eyesight, overweight, obesity, high blood pressure and permanent tooth caries are prominent among primary and secondary school students in Sheyang County. According to the characteristics of different populations, prevention and control measures should be taken to effectively reduce the incidence of common diseases among students.
文摘The land desertification in Xinjiang was monitored and analyzed based on RS and GIS techniques. Satellite data interpretation was adopted to obtain the general situation of Xinjiang’s land desertification in assistance with the sampling method and on-the-spot investigations. Related monitoring and investigations showed that Xinjiang was facing with severe wide range land desertification, and its desertified area made up 77.08% of the total monitoring area. As for land types, the desertified farmland accounted for 1.92% of the total monitoring area, desertified woodland 4%, desertified grassland 45%, and unused land 49%. Accordingly, as for desertification degrees, non-desertified land occupied 22.92%, weak desertified land 5.69%, medium-degree desertified land 16.58%, severe desertified land 33.19% and super severe desertified land 21.61%. Finally, as for inducing factors, wind-eroded desertification made up 58.23%, water-eroded desertification 8.69%, salinization desertification 6.52% and frozen-melt eroded desertification 3.64%. Xinjiang’s land desertification tended to get worse and the harnessing mission remained hard.
基金Project supported by the Marine Public Welfare Pro-gram of China(Grant No.201305003-5)the Science and Technology Program of the Oceanic Administration of Hebei Province of China
文摘The water quality of all rivers into the Qinhuangdao coastal water was below the grade V in 2013. In this study, an inte- grated MIKE 1 l water quality model is applied to deal with the water environment in the rivers into the Qinhuangdao coastal water. The model is first calibrated with the field measured chemical oxygen demand （COD） concentrations. Then the transport of the COD in the rivers into the Qinhuangdao coastal water is computed based on the model in the water environmental monitoring process. Numerical results show that the COD concentration decreases dramatically in the estuaries, from which we can determine the positions of long-term monitoring stations to monitor the river pollutions into the coastal water. Furthermore, different scenarios about the inputs of the point sources and the non-point sources are simulated to discuss the model application in the water enviro- nmental control, and simplified formula are derived for assessing the water quality and the environmental management of rivers.
